The article categorizes political proposals and scientific concepts of flexible integration using a two- directional and multidimensional concept of EU (dis-)integration. Causalities for (dis-)integration as- sumed by the theories of European integration - interests of EU states on the one hand and interde- pendencies between integration dimensions on the other - are applied to the formation of flexible inte- gration. Using these two basic explanations, the article takes existing studies as a basis to discuss theo- retical causalities and empirical cases in which flexible integration may lead to further integration or disintegration of the overall EU system.
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