Flexibility within the EU is often judged as a possibility to foster integration and to overcome stagna- tion. This text in contrast takes a more pessimistic position and argues from a theoretical and empiric perspective that many forms of differentiated integration would go at the expense of peripheral mem- ber states. It is also argued that empiric examples of selective integration have not shown convincing results. Consequences of flexible integration are therefore generally judged as ambivalent.
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