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The American Challenge

Carl Q. Christol

2009

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Chapter Nine. The Courts Become Engaged in and Are Confronted by Serious and Somewhat Novel Problems in the Context of the Separation of Powers Principle—Leading Cases S. 128-191

doi.org/10.5771/9780761843450

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Decisions of the Bundesverfassungsgericht - Federal Constitutional Court - Federal Republic of Germany

Federal Constitutional Court (ed.)

2013

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BVerfGE 60, 79 Order of the First Senate of 17 February 1982 – 1 BvR 188/80 “Case concerning the separation of a child from its family” Separation of a child from its family even where the parents fail without being at fault as the strongest encroachment on parental rights, only if principle of proportionality is strictly observed S. 191-202

„… No. 13 BVerfGE 60, 79 of 17 February 1982 – 1 BvR 188/80 – “Case concerning the separation of a …” „… constitutional law if the principle of proportionality is strictly observed. Order of the First Senate of 17 …” „… with the right to exercise parental custody that on principle accrues to the parents. The relevant …”

BVerfGE 53, 224 Judgment of the First Senate of 28 February 1980 – 1 BvL 136/78, 1 BvR 890/77, 1300, 1440/78, 32/79 “Divorce law case” Dissolution of marriage according to the new law because of breakdown of marriage – also irrefutably presumed after three-year separation –; application to “prior marriages”; hardship clause S. 138-155

„… breakdown principle). 2. The irrefutable presumption of the breakdown of marriage after a threeyear …” „… separation of the spouses (§ 1566.2 of the Civil Code) is compatible with Article 6.1 of the Basic Law. 3 …” „… against the previous law lies in the transition from the fault principle to the breakdown principle. The …”

BVerfGE 107, 150 Judgment of the First Senate of 29 January 2003 – 1 BvL 20/99, 1 BvR 933/01 “Case regarding parental custody for children born out of wedlock” § 1626a of the Civil Code is currently compatible with Article 6.2 and 6.5 of the Basic Law, lack of a transitional arrangement for old cases is unconstitutional S. 611-632

„… joint custody for his child after the separation of the parents as long as the child’s mother withholds …” „… , then in principle the mother has sole parental custody of a child born out of wedlock. The father may …” „… joint parental custody in principle meets the needs of the child for relationships with both parents and …”

BVerfGE 105, 1 Order of the First Senate of 5 February 2002 – 1 BvR 105, 559/95, 457/96 “Post-marital maintenance case” Equivalence of family work and gainful employment in the assessment of post-marital maintenance S. 530-540

„… spouses during the marriage or indeed the separation period of the spouses. Therefore, the income and …” „… unexpected development in the period between separation and divorce deviating considerably from the normal …” „… marriage, and taking up of gainful employment during separation, as well as after divorce. aa) In …”

BVerfGE 79, 51 Order of the First Senate of 12 October 1988 – 1 BvR 818/88 “Foster parents case” Removal of a child from its foster family S. 287-300

„… adoption) even if psychological impairment as a consequence of the separation cannot be entirely ruled out …” „… which would impair the psychological development of the complainant in 3) following the 289 separation …” „… of their application for a psychological expert opinion on the impact of the separation on the child …”

BVerfGE 22, 93 Order of the First Senate of 7 June 1967 – 1 BvR 76/62 “Maintenance I case” Taking Article 6.1 of the Basic Law into account in determining the maintenance of spouses living apart S. 40-44

„… the husband had not been solely responsible for the separation, he was very predominantly responsible …” „… , as a result of the separation, it was available again. Her occupational training made it possible for …” „… broken down, and as was appropriate for her, even after the separation which was the fault of her spouse …”

BVerfGE 61, 358 Judgment of the First Senate of 3 November 1982 – 1 BvL 25, 38, 40/80, 12/81 “Joint custody case” Decision regarding the exclusion of the joint custody of divorced parents S. 203-219

„… Civil Code was changed such that, with joint parental custody continuing in principle after separation …” „… divorce was in principle that custody was not assigned to him or her. By contrast, § 1671.3 of the Civil …” „… (Federal Law Gazette I p. 1421), in line with the transition from the fault principle to the breakdown …”

BVerfGE 24, 119 Order of the First Senate of 29 July 1968 – 1 BvL 20/63, 31/66, 5/67 “Adoption I case” Substitution of parental consent to adoption S. 51-74

„… : 1. The principles developed in Decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court (Entscheidungen des …” „… provision submitted for review to be valid. 2. “Separation from the family” within the meaning of Article …” „… 6.3 of the Basic Law means de facto separation whilst the parent-child relationship and the rights and …”

BVerfGE 76, 1 Order of the Second Senate of 12 May 1987 – 2 BvR 1226/83, 101, 313/84 “Entry of aliens to join family members living in the Federal Republic” Waiting periods for the entry of aliens (Turkish and Yugoslavian nationals) to join family members living in the Federal Republic of Germany S. 245-286

„… , the Conference of State Ministers of the Interior adopted the “Principles of Alien Policy”, which also …” „… provides for the following regulation: 2.6.2 Principle 2.6.2.1 When a family intends to join an alien who …” „… possession of adequate housing and is able to support the family from his own income. 2.6.2.2 In principle …”

BVerfGE 84, 168 Order of the First Senate of 7 May 1991 – 1 BvL 32/88 “Case regarding custody rights for children born out of wedlock” Joint parental custody for children born out of wedlock S. 320-335

„… violated the principle that any restrictions on parental rights were to be guided by what was in the …” „… one parent protected it against its parents` separation having no consequences and that it thus served …” „… consequences to the separation. For the rest, the risk of a possible separation without consequences could not …”

BVerfGK 5, 161 Order of the First Chamber of the First Senate of 5 April 2005 – 1 BvR 1664/04 “Görgülü III case” Binding effect of a decision of the European Court of Human Rights – constitutional requirements placed on the removal of a child from its foster family S. 724-731

„… a violation of Article 8 of the Convention. aa) In principle, a national court must take account of …” „… and in principle obliges them, where this is within their jurisdiction and does not violate the …” „… principle of the binding force of law and justice (Article 20.3 of the Basic Law), to end a continuing …”

BVerfGE 6, 55 Order of the First Senate of 17 January 1957 – 1 BvL 4/54 “Taxation of households case” Article 6.1 of the Basic Law is a fundamental provision (binding value decision) and currently binding constitutional law S. 1-19

„… constitutional principles of the independence of the courts and the separation of powers are safeguarded and …” „… general principle of equality (Article 3.1 of the Basic Law). 1 5. Article 6.1 of the Basic Law is not …” „… provision under review in these proceedings, constitutes an exception to this principle of individual …”

BVerfGE 55, 171 Order of the First Senate of 5 November 1980 – 1 BvR 349/80 “Custody case” Accommodation of the will of a child in a ruling on custody after divorce of the parents and ruling of the judge with jurisdiction on the question of the personal hearing of children under the age of 14 S. 156-165

„… principles of continuity of upbringing of children, as well as from the prohibition of separation of siblings …” „… the family courts with jurisdiction and in principle is removed from subsequent constitutional review …” „… into account the abolition of the fault principle in the law on divorce. § 1671 of the Civil Code has …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… the new law because of breakdown of marriage – also irrefutably presumed after three-year separation …” „… concerning the separation of a child from its family” Separation of a child from its family even where the …” „… parents fail without being at fault as the strongest encroachment on parental rights, only if principle of …”

BVerfGE 51, 386 Order of the First Senate of 18 July 1979 – 1 BvR 650/77 “Expulsion case” Expulsion of a foreign national convicted of a criminal offence who is married to a German woman and has a legitimate child with her S. 127-137

„… decision, is issued, the criminal records are, in principle, to be obtained. Only because it could be …” „… is again pointed out that the balance to be struck in accordance with objective principles between …” „… , according to the court, that a separation of the spouses and the child born to them must be seriously …”

Index S. 937-956

„… presumption of after a three-year separation of the spouses 138, 140, 144, 148, 152 · principle 143-144 …” „… – separation from the family/the parents 51, 64, 191-192, 195, 197-202, 599 – to avert danger from 198, 200 …” „… merits, continued interest in 256 – general principle of subsidiarity 256-257 – constitutional complaint …”

BVerfGE 72, 122 Order of the First Senate of 18 June 1986 – 1 BvR 857/85 “Withdrawal of custody rights case” Safeguarding the status of children as holders of fundamental rights in the proceedings (supplementary curator) S. 231-244

„… mother and transferred to the complainant in 2). I. The mother is in principle entitled to the right and …” „… that the ascertained facts did not justify the permanent separation between the complainants and their …” „… violation of Article 103.1 of the Basic Law. They can in principle refer to this fundamental procedural …”

BVerfGE 108, 82 Order of the First Senate of 9 April 2003 – 1 BvR 1493/96, 1724/01 “Biological father case” Decision regarding the legal position of the (putative) natural, but not legal, father and the constitutionality of §§ 1600 and 1685 of the Civil Code and § 1711 of the Civil Code old S. 642-668

„… and 1600d of the Civil Code old), but in principle only the consent of the mother (§ 1595.1 of the …” „… principle of proportionality, since the parties to the original proceedings were given no possibility of …” „… . Admittedly, the biological father too was in principle a holder of the right of paternity under Article 6.2 …”

BVerfGE 99, 145 Order of the Second Senate of 29 October 1998 – 2 BvR 1206/98 “Hague Child Abduction Convention case” Hague Child Abduction Convention; accommodation of the best interests of the child in the special case of converse child return applications S. 386-401

„… child if this would not be permitted by the fundamental principles of the requested State relating to …” „… relate to measures in respect of a risk to the child’s best interests, entailing the separation of the …” „… Jurisdiction in principle was said to be applicable to Hague proceedings, the appointment of a curator ad litem …”

BVerfGE 111, 307 Order of the Second Senate of 14 October 2004 – 2 BvR 1481/04 “Görgülü I case” Obligation to take into account the European Convention on Human Rights and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, and the limits of such obligation, in the context of the principle that the judge is bound by statute and law (Article 20.3 of the Basic Law) S. 694-713

„… governed by the principle of the separation of powers only if all the organisations responsible for …” „… principle that the judge is bound by statute and law (Article 20.3 of the Basic Law (Grundgesetz – GG …” „… rights in conjunction with the principle of the rule of law. 2. In taking into account decisions of the …”

BVerfGE 103, 89 Judgment of the First Senate of 6 February 2001 – 1 BvR 12/92 “Marriage covenant case” Judicial review of agreements in a covenant of marriage concluded with a pregnant woman prior to the conclusion of marriage S. 475-490

„… § 1570 of the Civil Code to be, in principle, not contrary to public policy (see BGH, FamRZ 1985, p. 788 …” „… the agreed waiver if it was incompatible with the principle of good faith because of the subsequent …” „… maintenance regardless of conclusion of marriage with the mother. Even if, in principle, the agreement on …”

BVerfGE 93, 373 Order of the Second Senate of 16 January 1996 – 2 BvL 4/95 “Case involving a divorced couple’s simultaneous membership of a municipal council” Simultaneous membership of former spouses of the municipal council of a municipality with not more than 20,000 inhabitants S. 355-363

„… ties weaken as the length of separation increases. The Administrative Court argues that since in …” „… be municipal councillors simultaneously. 1. The principle that each vote must be treated equally in …” „… ); 48, 64 (81); 57, 43 (56)). According to the principle every person should be able to exercise his or …”

BVerfGE 66, 84 Order of the First Senate of 10 January 1984 – 1 BvL 5/83 “Maintenance priority case” Priority under the law of maintenance for the divorced spouse with care of children S. 220-230

„… includes all the necessities of life, is in principle determined by the matrimonial circumstances. The …” „… sentence 2 of the Civil Code also infringes the principle of proportionality, as the spouse liable for …” „… )). Although the mutual obligations of marriage are certainly altered by separation and the dissolution of the …”

BVerfGE 108, 351 Order of the First Senate of 7 October 2003 – 1 BvR 246/93, 2298/94 “Case relating to the splitting advantage in case of spousal maintenance” Unconstitutionality of the consideration of fiscal advantages from a new marriage of a person obliged to provide maintenance in the assessment of the maintenance payable to the former spouse S. 669-680

„… case-law). In calculating the marital income, the case-law takes in principle as a basis the actual net …” „… separation or divorce of the spouses by virtue of a change in tax classes prescribed by law or of a change to …” „… her husband. That her own maintenance claim takes lower priority in principle than that of the …”

BVerfGE 104, 373 Judgment of the First Senate of 30 January 2002 – 1 BvL 23/96 “Double family names case” Exclusion of double family names S. 515-529

„… this respect to also make a temporary provision for the child’s name. On the basis of the principle of …” „… gender-neutral default regulation, whilst on the other hand also permitting exceptions from the principle of …” „… respect solely the principle that the child receives the married name of its parents as its birth name …”

BVerfGE 107, 104 Judgment of the Second Senate of 16 January 2003 – 2 BvR 716/01 “Parental involvement in proceedings under the Juvenile Court Act case” Exclusion of a father with parental rights from proceedings before a juvenile court which involve his son (§ 51.2 of the Juvenile Court Act) S. 591-610

„… whole of criminal proceedings before a juvenile court. They are granted in principle the same rights as …” „… a violation of Articles 103.1 and 3.1 of the Basic Law as well as against the principles of a fair …” „… , disciplinary measures are in principle permissible in connection with the “state’s watchdog function”, and do …”

BVerfGE 105, 313 Judgment of the First Senate of 17 July 2002 – 1 BvF 1, 2/01 “Civil Partnerships Act case” Correction of an adopted bill; right of approval of the Bundesrat; compatibility with Articles 6.1, 3.1, 3.3 sentence 1 and 14.1 of the Basic Law S. 541-576

„… Home in Case of Separation (Gesetz zur Verbesserung des zivilgerichtlichen Schutzes bei Gewalttaten und …” „… procedure infringes the principle of democracy. The version of the statute promulgated does not correspond …” „… into account the essential structural principles that follow from the application of Article 6.1 of the …”

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ZParl Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen

Browse Volumes: ZParl Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen

ZParl Volume 49 (2018) Issue 4 ISSN Online: 1862-2534

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Roland Lhotta Parlamentssouveränität und Verfassungswandel im Vereinigten Königreich: Von Zombies, Richtern und konstitutionellen Leitideen S. 814-826

„… ). 8 Vgl. zur Entwicklung der Doktrin und Praxis der Parlamentssouveränität Mark Elliott, The Principle …” „… Judgment in Miller: In Search of Constitutional Principles, in: University of Cambridge Faculty of Law …” „… review“, „legal checks on politics“, „limited government“ und „separation of powers“ sind. Der …”

ABSTRACTS S. 980-984

„… actors nor arenas. Instead they are institutions that structure the separation of labour in policy making …” „… constitution has radically changed. Long standing and firmly established principles of the 982 Abstracts …” „… significantly re-arranged the separation of powers under the British constitution. The legal regimes of …”

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Das Teilen beherrschen

René Geißler (ed.), Felix Knüpling (ed.), Sabine Kropp (ed.), Joachim Wieland (ed.)

Series: Schriftenreihe des Europäischen Zentrums für Föderalismus-Forschung Tübingen (EZFF)

Volume 45 2015

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Thomas O. Hueglin Social Justice and Solidarity as Criteria for Fiscal Equalization S. 35-48

„… of revenue sources in systems of divided jurisdiction should follow principles of proportionality yet …” „… order, the constituent members of a federation commit to principles of mutual aid and respect. This …” „… Federal Constitutional Court declared, for example, that the „federal principle” obliges „all other …”

Giorgio Brosio Intergovernmental Equalization Transfers with National Standards S. 313-332

„… equity. The reference principle is that residence of citizens should not impact on their access to public …” „… standards effective since, in principle, the grants could not be paid - or more reasonably could be reduced …” „… frequently happens in education and health). In a system of separation of legislation powers, the legislation …”

Ehtisham Ahmad Debt Rules and Sanctions in Comparative Perspective S. 333-356

„… available for use in smaller jurisdictions, thus in principle permitting subnational administrations to also …” „… Standards Board (GASB) in line with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Similarly, Canadian …” „… from the separation of costs and benefits of public spending. If a certain public project predominantly …”

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Zwischen politischer und rechtlicher Verfassung

Henning Schäckelhoff

Series: Politik und Recht

Volume 2024

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5 Fallstudienanalyse des UKSC S. 151-418

„… theysay and write about. […] Taking one’s stand on principle – the principleof separation – is all very …” „… . Darüberhinaus wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie er sich im Separation of PowersGame etabliert hat und welchen …” „… alleinum die Separation of Powers oder den Common Law Constitutionalism,aber die Urteile werden induktiv …”

3 Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit, Judicialization und der britische Verfassungswandel S. 59-136

„… im Separation of Powers Game nachvoll‐ziehen zu können. Ebenso wird mit der Erläuterung der …” „… der Judikative von den anderen Gewal‐ten. Im Separation of Powers Game wird die „Unabhängigkeit der …” „… fundamentalset of principles, and a correlative institutional arrangement, which wouldrestrict arbitrary power …”

8 Schluss S. 465-480

„… im Separation of Powers Game eingefügt und dabeidie Entwicklung der britischen Verfassung wesentlich …” „… Macht‐gleichgewicht im britischen Separation of Powers Game eingependelt zuhaben. Dem UKSC kommt dabei als „neuem …” „… der neue „Player“ mit den beiden alten Mitspielernim Separation of Powers Game mithalten kann. Die …”

9 Literaturverzeichnis S. 481-514

„… , S. 385–388.Allan, T.R.S., Principle, Practice, and Precedent: Vindicating Justice, According to …” „… . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.Beatson, Jack, Key Ideas in Law: The Rule of Law and the Separation of …” „… Studies, Vol. 49, Issue 8, 2016,S. 1095–1127.Carolan, Eion, The New Separation of Powers. A Theory for the …”

1 Einleitung S. 19-32

„… eigenen Weg wählen und sich im Separation of Powers Ga‐me2 positionieren. Dabei geriet er aber auch …” „… Gewalten untereinander(vgl. u.a. Segal, Jeffrey A., Separation-of-Powers Games in the Positive Theory …” „… , ob und wieder UKSC sich in das Separation of Powers Game der Gewalten einerpolitischen Verfassung …”

6 Das Rollenverständnis des UKSC im Verfassungswandel des Vereinigten Königreichs S. 419-448

„… denbritischen Verfassungswandel und das Separation of Powers Game in denJahren nach dem Case of Prorogations …” „… besetzen und so „a specialist panel“1998 zu befördern.Normalerweise wurden vom Principle Clerk („the …” „… auch prägend für ihre Amtszeitwerden, deren Motto er in drei Worten zusammenfasst: „Principle …”

2 Institutionalistische Theorieansätze S. 33-58

„… worden zu sein. Ihre Einbindung in das Separation ofPowers Game variiert auch von Land zu Land und …” „… zwangsläufig Umbrüche und Verschiebungen im Se‐paration of Powers Game. Dabei kommt den Verfassungsgerichten …” „… institutionellem Wandel, Positionie‐rung im Separation of Powers Game und Doktrinnovellierung hat somiteinen …”

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Verfassunggebung in konsolidierten Demokratien

Ellen Bos (ed.), Kálmán Pócza (ed.)

Series: Andrássy Studien zur Europaforschung

Volume 13 2014

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Zoltán Balázs From the Invisible to the Historical Constitution S. 365-380

„… that the constitution did not include, such as the principle of the separation of powers, then it has …” „… back to the previous one. Even if the principle of the separation of powers is not explicitly …” „… his long essay argues that since the US Constitution does not refer to the principle of the separation …”

András Jakab The Two Functions of a Constitution S. 78-104

„… expressed by the protection of fundamental rights and the idea of the separation of powers) and (2) to be …” „… Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789): ‘A society in which rights are not guaranteed, nor the separation …” „… modern democracies based on the separation of powers is that no legally unlimited power should be …”

Ferenc Hörcher Communal Values in the New Hungarian Fundamental Law: The Habermas-Ratzinger Debate and the Use of the Humanities in Constitutional Interpretation S. 346-365

„… principle cannot arrange it alone (Habermas/Ratzinger 2005: 43). And is morality itself sound enough? After …” „… security supported by objective and formal principles.) (11/1992). Ferenc Hörcher 356 on those of its …” „… . One is what is called the “Christian” state, where the separation of State and Church has not actually …”

Ralf Thomas Göllner Die Verfassungsentwicklung in Rumänien nach 1990 S. 175-192

„… (2012): Opinion on the Compatibility with Constitutional Principles and the Rule of Law of Actions Taken …” „… . 1, S. 64-97. Ralf Thomas Göllner 190 Tomescu, Camelia/Levai, Mihaela Codrina (2012): The Principle …” „… of Equilibrium and Separation of Powers Under the Romanian Constitution, in: The USV Annals of …”

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Die Rolle des Verwaltungsverfahrens in Deutschland und England

Judith Junk

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Recht

Volume 759 2012

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 355-381

„… administrative constitutionalism – The development of frameworks for applying the precautionary principle,in …” „… LiteraturverzeichnisAckerman, Bruce, The new separation of powers, Harvard Law Review 2000, S …” „… , Public Law 1986, S. 239-284.Barber, Nicolas W., Prelude to the Separation of Powers, Cambridge Law …”

Verfassungsrechtliche Grenzen S. 269-284

„… Ewigkeitsgarantie in Art. 79 Abs. 3 GG abgesichert ist, handelt es sich bei dem Grundsatz der separation of powers …” „… möglich.1172 Siehe nur: Barendt, Separation of Powers, in: Bellamy (Hrsg.): The Rule of Law and …” „… theSeparation of Powers, S. 275 (278).1173 Barendt, Constitutional Fundamentals, in: Feldman (Hrsg.): English …”

Funktion und Potential der Rechtsvergleichung zwischen deutschem und englischem Verwaltungsverfahren S. 32-57

„… , Bd. I, S. 1, hier behandelt der zentrale Part III die principles of judicial review.107 So der …” „… , Separation of Powers, in: Bellamy (Hrsg.): The Rule of Law and the Separationof Powers, S. 275 (602).116 …” „… statement of principles angenommen, in dem sie sich verpflichten, sich aus solchen Debatten im Parlament …”

Die Funktion des Verwaltungsverfahrens S. 57-98

„… given without regardto the principles of natural justice is void…”; mit Bezug auf Wood v. Woad (1873-74 …”

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The European Banking Union

Jens-Hinrich Binder, Christos V. Gortsos

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2015

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The two main pillars of the European Banking Union: the legal framework in a ‘nutshell’ S. 17-68

„… ‘Chinese walls’The principle of separation of monetary policy and micro-prudential supervisorytasks of the …” „… the ECBThe general principlesFor the exclusive purpose of carrying out its tasks under Articles …” „… .Organisational principlesGeneral overviewThe organisational principles (or more accurately aspects) of the SSM …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 1024/2013 S. 77-108

„… financial services in the Union. In particular the ECBshould duly take into account the principles of …” „… double reporting require-ments.(48) Legal profession privilege is a fundamental principle of Union law …” „… rules and general principles on due process andtransparency. The right of the addressees of the ECB’s …”

REGULATION (EU) No 806/2014 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL S. 287-366

„… action is taken in accordance with certain principles,including that shareholders and creditors bear an …” „… isconsistent with Directive 2014/59/EU. It therefore adapts the rules and principles of that Directiveto the …” „… Union law of that dis-cretion’. The same principle should extend to this Regulation, while fully …”

DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK of 17 September 2014 S. 221-226

„… information within the limits and DECISION 2014/723/EU222count the principle of separation. Obligations …” „… information, will apply. Subject to theconditions set forth in this Decision, the principle of separation …” „… principle of separation. Consistency of deci-sions on access rights and adequate recording of such decisions …”

CODE OF CONDUCT FOR THE MEMBER STATES OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK S. 257-262

„… public or private body.(2) Article 25 of Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 establishes the principle of …” „… separation between thespecific tasks of the European Central Bank (ECB) concerning policies relating to …” „… the prudential supervision of credit insti-tutions (OJ L 287, 29.10.2013, p. 63). 257Basic principles …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 2015/159 S. 109-114

„… this prin-ciple of separation, a Supervisory Board has been established pursuant to Article 26 of …” „… down in Article 24 of Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013. Taking account of the princi-ple of separation and …” „… in accordance with the fundamental rights and princi-ples laid down in the Charter of Fundamental …”

RECOMMENDATION FOR A COUNCIL REGULATION AMENDING REGULATION (EC) NO 2532/98 CONCERNING THE POWERS OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK TO IMPOSE SANCTION S. 263-272

„… ) of Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 lays down the principle of separation, wherebytasks conferred on the …” „… of Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 lays down the principle of separation, wherebythe ECB carries out the …” „… tasks relating to monetary policy and any other tasks. In or-der to bolster this principle of separation …”

INTERINSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK ON THE PRACTICAL MODALITIES OF THE EXERCISE OF DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT OVER THE EXERCISE OF THE TASKS CONFERRED ON THE ECB WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SINGLE SUPERVISORY MECHANISM S. 241-248

„… staff;O. whereas organisational separation of the ECB’s staff involved in the execution of theECB’s …” „… supervisory authorities,iii. cooperation with other national or Union relevant authorities,iv. separation …” „… 243– The principle of openness of Union institutions in accordance with the TFEU shall applyto the SSM …”

DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK of 22 January 2014 S. 189-196

„… the scope of the non-objection procedure.Article 13 k Separation of monetary policy and supervisory …” „… ECB shall take all necessary measures to ensure separation between the monetarypolicy and the …” „… supervisory functions.13k.3. The separation of monetary policy and the supervisory function shall not exclude …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… within the SSM ..........................................a) 28General principles and obligations …” „… ...............................................d) 31The investigatory and specific supervisory powers of the ECB ..5. 32The general principles …” „… penalties ................................................d) 34Organisational principles …”

REGULATION (EU) No 468/2014 OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK S. 125-172

„… field of sanctions and theEuropean Court of Human Rights case-law regarding the principle of separation …” „… principles laid down in Article 6(8) of the SSM Regulation and withoutprejudice to Article 31 thereof, the …” „… IIIGENERAL PROVISIONS APPLYING TO THEOPERATION OF THE SSMTITLE 1 PRINCIPLES AND OBLIGATIONSOverviewThis Part …”

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Gesetzgebungslehre - neu evaluiert - Legistics - freshly evaluated

Ulrich Karpen

Series: International Association of Legislation (IAL) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (DGG)

Volume 12 2008

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Legislation, Development and Democracy S. 180-196

„… in evaluation of legislation, obeying the separation of powers principle. The legislature is involved …” „… separation-of-powers systems. There is an old dispute: Does democracy precede the rule of law or is it the other way …” „… round? This discussion is academic to a certain extent. Civil rights and separation of powers are …”

Implementation of Legislative Evaluation in Europe: Current Models and Trends S. 149-179

„… evaluation of legislation under the separation of powers-principle. The legislature is involved in the …” „… transparency becomes a new approach to guaranteeing fundamental democratic principles.In Greece, the issue of …” „… intends to present the principles and main outlines of institutionalising RIA. Neither does it aim at …”

Mannual For Law Drafting S. 197-218

„… Constitutional Basis of Legislation 2001. Democratic Legislation and Separation of Powers 2002. Constitutional …” „… Key Principles of Legislation 201Part B: Policy Background, Legislative Process and Drafting 201I …” „… . Language and Wording 2131. Legal Language 2132. Principles of Clarity and Precision 213IV. Special Laws and …”

The obligation to evaluate the effects of laws on the exercise of fundamental rights and freedoms S. 133-140

„… separation of powers: legislative, executive und judiciary.And there is a complex overlapping of central and …” „… decentral legislators: a vertical separation of powers, namely in federated states.In addition there is the …” „… established doctrine, that according to the rule of law state and democracy principle, a statutory law, as …”

Institutional Framework for an efficient Regulatory Impact Assessment S. 141-148

„… organization of RIA1. Separation of powersThe separation-of-powers-principle is an essential element of rule of …” „… , greater flexibilityApplicable only for one ministry or administrative body143III. Principles of …” „… could be the main principle of organizing RIA? Basically there are two options.RIA could take place …”

Sachregister / Subject Index S. 237-255

„… Beitrittsverhandlungen 69Benchmarking 110Benefit-cost-principle 153Beobachtungspflicht 20Berechtigung 23Berichtswesen 47 …” „… 114Constitutional Key Principles of Legislation 201Constitutionalism 108Constitutions, National 136 …” „… 127, 128Key Government Actors 130Key legislative actors 127Key Non-Government Actors 130Key Principles …”

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EU-Mitgliedschaft und Abspaltung

Markus D. W. Stoffels

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Recht

Volume 913 2017

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Fünftes Kapitel. EU-Mitgliedschaft des Neustaats nach der Abspaltung S. 218-592

„… instruments. Furthermore, there have been cases in connexion with the separation from a union of States in …” „… at all to this category of treaties. In principle, the relevant rules of the organization are …” „… , the situation is analogous to the separation of the Irish Free State from Great Britain, and of …”

Drittes Kapitel. Zulässigkeit der Abspaltung in der EU S. 67-132

„… , welche Folgen eine erfolgte Sezession oder Separation für die EU-Mitgliedschaft hat. Gleichwohl ist zur …” „… Klärung dieser Fragen das Verständnis unerlässlich, was unter Separation und Sezession überhaupt zu …” „… Regelungslücke schnell gefunden und nachgewiesen. Nachdem zunächst die Zulässigkeit von Separation und Sezession …”

Viertes Kapitel. EU-Mitgliedschaft des Reststaats nach der Abspaltung S. 133-217

„… Unterschiede für den Reststaat sowohl für die erfolgte einverständliche Separation als auch die erfolgte …” „… grundsätzliche Fortführung eines Vertrages an, wenn „after separation“ der „predecessor State continues to exist …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 609-640

„… and Catalonia] Christakis, Théodore: The State as a ‚primary fact‘: some thoughts on the principle of …” „… _ Edward_written_evidence.pdf [20.02.2017]. Ders.: EU law and the separation of member states, FILJ 2013, 1151–1168. Ders …” „… phabetisch/glaser/person/publikationen/Die_Beilegung_des_Jurakonflikts.pdf [20.02.2017]. Goldsmith, Lord Q. C.: A Charter of Rights, Freedoms and Principles, CMLR 2001 …”

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Plato’s Parmenides

Luc Brisson (ed.), Arnaud Macé (ed.), Olivier Renaut (ed.)

Series: International Plato Studies

Volume 41 2022

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Maurizio Migliori The many meanings of the One in Plato’s Parmenides S. 299-308

„… 5-d3; cf. also 157d-e).The One as PrincipleFinally, we have the One in its most relevant sense, the …” „… operation, 3) the One-number and 4) the One as Principle. The text concludes by showing the coherence of …” „… connection and separation, which constitutes reality, there lies the eidos of Difference.There is yet another …”

Amber D. Carpenter Separation Anxieties. Parmenides 133a-135c S. 245-252

„… Separation Anxieties. Parmenides 133a-135cAmber D. CarpenterYale-NUS CollegeThe greatest difficulty …” „… force.separation argument, non-symmetrical, independence, separateness, dependentManifold issues arise from …” „… this greatest difficulty comprises the assertion of basic principles; a ‘test case’ (‘master’ and …”

Claudia Mársico Intra-Socratic polemics. The Parmenides as an element of an anti-Megaric program S. 133-146

„… developments that contradict the Megaric principles of absolute separation of levels, while the analysis of …” „… to the Megaric thesis of the Good-One regarding its method, the nature of the principle, and the …” „… regarding its method, the nature of the principle, and the relationship between the intelligible and …”

Jan Szaif Pseudo-Objects in a World of Seeming (Prm. 164b–165e) S. 439-452

„… generative principle for real objects, leaves room for a world made up of illusory objects. As part of my …” „… difference, contiguity and separation, motion and rest, coming-to-be and ceasing-to-be (165d4-e1). While this …” „… , together with contiguity and separation, are included among the conflicting appearances of these …”

Francisco J. Gonzalez “Let us say the third”: The Meaning of τὸ τρίτον in the Deductions of Plato’s Parmenides S. 379-392

„… principle of non-contradiction): 1) the One beyond being; 2) the One Being (the One coordinate with Being …” „… consideration as violating the principle of excluded middle (1996, 86).5 See Gill 2014, 499-500n9. As noted by …” „… itself, this is some evidence that the third section contains the principle that explains them …”

Carolina Araújo Ousia and dunamis in the greatest aporia (Prm. 133b4-135b4) S. 279-286

„… dunamis as a prior explanatory principle. I offer three arguments for the inconsistency of his thesis. I …” „… explanatory principle. I offer three arguments for the inconsistency of his thesis. I conclude (III) that …” „… principle of formal explication that grants that statements about these items are meaningful and have …”

Filippo Forcignanò Anaxagoras in Plato’s Parmenides S. 91-100

„… those who say that principles> are infinite in number, some said that they are simple and …” „… smallest, it would not be possible that there be separation or existence by itself, but rather all things …” „… has parts, it is not one but many, according to the Pluralizing Parts Principle rightly ascribes to …”

Dougal Blyth Dialectic and Forms in Prm. 137c-144e S. 339-346

„… Being is not a quasi-material separation. This seems to reorient the deduction toward eidetic …” „… is no longer materialism, since the numbers are not in principle bodies, but follows from …”

Jens Kristian Larsen On common forms and dialectical inquiry in Plato’ Parmenides S. 183-192

„… apparently contradictory attributes, can comply with the principle of contradiction and hence be meaningful …” „… ’ found in the so-called middle-period dialogues, have suggested that the emphasis on radical separation …”

References S. 527-568

„… Begründung der Seele im absoluten Denken. Berlin-New York: De Gruyter.Fine, G. 1984. ‘Separation’. Oxford …” „… . Havlíček and F. Karfík, 141-164. Prague: OIKOYMENH. Katz, E. 2017. ‘Ontological Separation in Aristotle’s …” „… Literary Tradition’. Phoenix 50: 197-207.Lewis, F. 1979. ‘Parmenides on Separation and Knowability of the …”

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Das alte Europa in neuer Verfassung?

Walter Hallstein-Institut für Europäisches Verfassungsrecht (ed.)

Series: Schriftenreihe Europäisches Verfassungsrecht

Volume 26 2007

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Evgeni Tanchev FCE 09/05: S. 83-116

„… nshed Constitution of the European Union: Principles,Processes, Culture, Report to the International …” „… treaties, during the whole previous time period legal pluralism followed the dualistic separation between …” „… sunt servanda principle which was irreversibly established in legal and political reality after WWII …”

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OER Osteuropa Recht

Browse Volumes: OER Osteuropa Recht

OER Volume 62 (2016) Issue 3 ISSN Online: 2366-6730

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Andrzej Rzepliński To Be a Judge S. 352-357

„… separation of powers is a well-established and unquestioned principle. This means tens of years of practice …” „… justify and legitimize it “in a principle-based manner, without any falsehood and beautification”. In …” „… authority7, to the formation of the system of courts guaranteeing the separation of the three powers in …”

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Der Anstieg der Management-Vergütung: Markt oder Macht?

Margit Osterloh (ed.), Katja Rost (ed.)

Series: Sonderband "Die Unternehmung"

Volume 1 2011

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Hans-Ulrich Doerig, Harald P. Stoehr What Drives Compensation in Banking? S. 39-53

„… to be too prescriptive and to deviate from the principles-based approach as recommended by the …” „… financial reform in Europe. Accordingly, CEBS and FSA guidelines go far beyond the principles-based approach …” „… managements. Going forward, the authors support the global implementation of compensation principles including …”

Karl Hofstetter A Theory of Justice for Management Compensation S. 22-38

„… process. It has to recognize the “inescapable plurality of competing principles” within individuals, let …” „… embedded in accepted economic and political principles. That, in turn, cannot be done without sober …” „… salaries against attempts to challenge them unduly with principles of distributive justice. Using a now …”

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Europa in der Welt - Von der Finanzkrise zur Reform der Union

Ingolf Pernice (ed.), Rüdiger Schwarz (ed.)

Series: Schriftenreihe Europäisches Verfassungsrecht

Volume 38 2013

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Daniel Halberstam FCE 13/09: Constitutional Conflict: The Structure of Authority in Europe and America S. 55-72

„… functional separation of powers. Instead, the idea is that, in principle, each of these institutions can lay …” „… pluralism, where else might we look? Here I suggest we can look to the separation of powers at the federal …” „… principle of judicial review in Marbury while letting his Associate Justice write a small and quickly …”

Jean-Victor Louis FCE 06/10: Managing Public Finances. Lessons and Perspectives for the EU and the Euro Area S. 127-152

„… requirements of the Treaty, be it the general principles of Union Law or the provisions of the Economic Union …” „… affirmation of the responsibility of the State for its public finances remains a fundamental principle.18 16 …” „… at least framework principles and procedural guarantees could be introduced. Two important points are …”

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