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Turning Point

Darrell M. West, John R. Allen

2020

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Ethical Safeguards S. 173-186

„… 173EIGHT | ETHICAL SAFEGUARDSThe world is seeing major advances in artificial intelligence and data …” „… algorithms reach decisions.In this chapter, we look at ways to build trustworthy AI and incor-porate ethical …” „… considerations in decisionmaking. We examine several use cases with an eye toward the ethical issues being raised …”

Index S. 263-backcover1

„… educational institutions, 57–58; as ethical issue, 144, 174, 175, 194, 195; in health-care sector, 40, 41; for …” „… used by, 87–88; delivery systems used by, 95, 96; e-commerce sales revenue, 87; ethical guidelines for …” „… Apple: e-commerce sales revenue, 87; ethical guidelines for AI, 176; public reputation of, 169, 170 …”

Building Responsible AI S. 187-220

„… and megachange.■ Improve governance through distributed collaboration.■ Establish guiding ethical …” „… academic experts to figure out ways to build ethical considerations into AI products. It then creates …” „… volatility.4ESTABLISH GUIDING ETHICAL PRINCIPLESAs AI is deployed in many areas, it is vital to have guiding …”

Preface S. i-xx

„… warfare, and raising a host of politi-cal, ethical, and policy questions. There hasn’t been an …” „… “AI is transforming education, healthcare, and warfare, and raising a host of politi-cal, ethical, and …” „… | TECHLASH 159 EIGHT | ETHICAL SAFEGUARDS 173 NINE | BUILDING RESPONSIBLE AI 187 Glossary of Key Terms 221 …”

Defense S. 107-158

„… decisionmaking process. This dynamic raises seri-ous questions about the legality (or at least the ethical nature …” „… . Unlike ever before, officers in particular will need to be steeped in moral character and ethical virtue …” „… this reason, Kristina Lindborg notes:As the hypersonics race heats up, a long stream of legal, ethical …”

Glossary of Key Terms S. 221-228

„… ethical issues but how the technology is put to use. The dual- use nature of technologies makes regulation …” „… government positions.10 These systems are problematic from an ethical standpoint because they lack …”

What is AI? S. 1-26

„… programmers, many of whom are inexpe-rienced when it comes to resolving ethical disputes or values- based …” „… raise important governance, ethical, policy, legal, and geopolitical challenges. For example, who should …” „… consumers? What types of ethical problems are introduced through software programming, and how transparent …”

Notes S. 229-262

„… 5, 2019.71. U.S. Defense Innovation Board, “AI Principles: Recommendations on the Ethical Use of …” „… , “Department of Defense Press Briefing on the Adoption of Ethical Principles for Artificial Intelligence …” „… . International Committee of the Red Cross, “Ethics and Autonomous Weapon Systems: An Ethical Basis for Human …”

Techlash S. 159-172

„… sites.’ The regulator would enforce a new ethical code to be defined by technical experts ‘setting out …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780815738602

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Ethical Silence

Sergia Hay

2020

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5 Ethical Silence S. 61-76

doi.org/10.5771/9781793614490

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The Thinker's Guide to Ethical Reasoning

Richard Paul, Linda Elder

2019

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Ethical Reasoning Abilities S. 34

„… principles or ideasn examining ethical assumptionsn distinguishing ethically relevant from ethically …” „… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningEthical Reasoning AbilitiesEthical Aective Dimensionsn exercising independent …” „… ethical thought and judgmentn developing insight into ethical egocentrism and sociocentrismn exercising …”

Essential Ethical Traits S. 35

„… Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 35Essential Ethical TraitsEthical HumilityAwareness of the limits of one’s …” „… ethical insight, including sensitivity to circumstances in which one’s native egocentrism is likely to …” „… . Ethical humility is based on the recognition that no one should claim to know more than one actually knows …”

The Logic of Ethical Reasoning S. 17-18

„… Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 17The Logic of Ethical Reasoning The Logic of Ethical ReasoningSeeing the …” „… from other modes of thinking, grasping fundamental ethical principles, and acting consistently with …” „… .05 Ethical Reasoning TG 02.2018.indd 17 3/25/21 8:33 AM©2018 Linda Elder, Foundation for Critical …”

The Elements of Ethical Reasoning S. 16

„… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningThe Elements of Ethical ReasoningEthical reasoning has the same basic …” „… assess our use in ethical reasoning of these basic intellectual structures.Here is the basic idea …” „… understanding of these elements, we can better analyze ethical reason-ing. We can target our ethical purposes …”

Intellectual Standards for Assessing Ethical Reasoning S. 32-33

„… signicant ethical dimensions of the issue? • Are we trivializing what is ethically signicant or overstating …” „… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningIntellectual Standards for Assessing Ethical ReasoningEthical reasoning must …” „… meet the same intellectual standards that apply to other domains of knowledge. If our ethical reasoning …”

Language as a Guide to Ethical Reasoning S. 19-25

„… EthicalSelshSelf-conceitSelf-aggrandizementGreedyAvariciousGraspingAcquisitiveCovetousEgotisticPrejudiceBiasNarrow-mindedBigotZealotFanaticUnfairChauvinistJingoistSmall-mindedIntolerantCausing Emotional Discomfort Causing Pain or …” „… be. Among the most clear-cut ethical principles are the following: that it is ethically wrong to …” „… Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 19Language as a Guide to Ethical ReasoningIdeas are to humans like the air we …”

The Problem of Pseudo-Ethics—the Sociocentric Counterfeits of Ethical Reasoning S. 9-15

„… traditions, norms, and taboos from an ethical standpoint—however ethically bankrupt they in fact were. What’s …” „… Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 9The Problem of Pseudo-EthicsThe Sociocentric Counterfeits of Ethical …” „… ReasoningSkilled ethical thinkers routinely distinguish ethics from its counterfeits, such as the domains of social …”

Preface S. i-3

„… , assault, fraud, deceit, and intimidation are all ethically wrong. Whenever we base ethical conclusions on …” „… ofETHICAL REASONING05 Ethical Reasoning TG 02.2018.indd 1 3/25/21 8:33 AM©2018 Linda Elder, Foundation …” „… Printed Library Mate-rials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.05 Ethical Reasoning TG 02.2018.indd 2 3/25/21 8:33 …”

Two Kinds of Questions S. 26-27

„… ethically wrong to use another person to serve your selfish interests? (clear-cut case)Complex ethical …” „… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningTwo Kinds of Ethical QuestionsEthical questions can be either simple or …” „… complex. Simple ethical questions are either definitional in nature, or are easily answered through …”

The Function of Ethics—and Its Main Impediment S. 4-8

„… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningThe Function of Ethics—and Its Main Impediment“If only there were evil people …” „… being.”Alexander Solzhenitsyn, e Gulag ArchipelagoThe proper role of ethical reasoning is to highlight acts of two …” „… diminish the well-being of others—and thus warrant our criticism. Developing one’s ethical reasoning …”

The Significance of Facts and Perspective S. 28-31

„… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningThe Signicance of Facts and PerspectiveWhen dealing with a simple ethical …” „… question, there is a clear-cut correct answer. But when faced with a complex ethical question, it is …” „… ethical issue one must consider a wide range of relevant perspectives, obtain insights from all of them …”

Conclusion S. 36

„… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningConclusionWe have set out in this guide, as far as we are able, the …” „… foundations of ethical reasoning. Those foundations are not difficult to understand. The difficulty lies in …” „… unable to think beyond the beliefs of their society and culture. Ethical concepts are hopelessly confused …”

Appendices S. 37-51

„… hypocrisy and bad faith, it is ethically wrong. However, disloyalty may emerge from one’s ethical …” „… Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 37Glossary4Embedded in everyday uses of the English language are a …” „… multiplicity of concepts or terms that enable educated speakers of the language to identify ethical and …”

Building a Community of Intellectual Excellence S. 52-1

„… Foundations of Ethical ReasoningBuilding a Community of Intellectual Excellence The Center for Critical …” „… make critical thinking a core social value and a key organizing concept for all education.j05 Ethical …” „… www.criticalthinking.orgUnderstanding the Foundations of Ethical Reasoning 53For EveryoneThe Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538133781

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Ethical and Legal Requirements of Transnational Genetic Research

Nikolaus Forgó, Regine Kollek, Marian Arning, Tina Krügel, Imme Petersen

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2010

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Ethical requirements S. 18-77

„… 16:07:113B2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm2. Ethical requirements2.1. Introduction21In order to …” „… genomic data is needed in addition tosocio-demographic and clinical data of these patients.22Ethical …” „… given forfuture and undefined research projects and which ethical requirements it has tofulfil. Thereby …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-11

„… 2 Version: 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm x 240.00mmForgó/Kollek/Arning/Kruegel/PetersenEthical and …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm x 240.00mmEthical and Legal Requirements forTransnational Genetic ResearchbyDr …” „… ............................................................................................................................... 11.1. From clinical to clinico-genomic research: New ethical and legal challenges …”

Introduction S. 12-17

„… research:New ethical and legal challenges1With the advancement of molecular technologies, cancer research has …” „… ethical and legal perspectives, protectionof personal rights, and especially data protection, has to be …” „… dataprotection. Hence legal and ethical requirements tailored to clinico-genomic re-search are necessary …”

References S. 138-147

„… the ethical conduct of studies toevaluate drugs in pediatric populations, Pediatrics, 2, 286–294 …” „… , McCullough N, Robertson J A) (2002):Pharmacogenetics: ethical and regulatory issues in research and clinical …” „… 285–286Burke W, Diekema D (2006): Ethical issues arising from the participation of children in …”

Legal conclusion S. 136-137

„… several ethical and legal requirements intoaccount. First of all, also from a legal point of view, donors …” „… donors’ request.570One of the main ethical and legal challenges in a genetic research project is …” „… for ethical reasons on the one hand and, on the other handthe unlikely case, that we will have …”

Legal requirements S. 78-135

„… sensitive.Because of this, genetic data has to be protected from a legal point of view as well asfrom an ethical …” „… subject nevertheless. That is the reason why we mustfirmly approve and recommend the ethical practice of …” „… crucial factor.352 To ensure compliance of the project itself with all relevant legal and ethicalissues …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845266367

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The Ethical Educator

Sheldon H. Berman, David B. Rubin, Joyce A. Barnes

2022

doi.org/10.5771/9781475865554

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