The United States had officially refused to enter into direct dialogue with North Korea, until recently. Dialogue had previously been conditioned on Pyongyang’s commitment to complete, verified and irreversible denuclearization - the normative hazard of otherwise rewarding North Korea’s nuclear ambitions had mainly driven the dismissal of un-preconditioned bilateral talks. The Trump administration’s sudden high-level engagement, however, has illustrated the renunciation of long-standing normative underpinnings of U.S. Korea policy and condemnation of previous administrations’ achievements. As the June 12 Singapore summit produced the promise of follow-up negotiations, re-visiting past nuclear-related negotiations with North Korea is now more crucial than ever. Lessons learnt from past diplomatic attempts at denuclearizing North Korea suggest that a process of gradual steps - falling more in the category of arms control than disarmament measures - can move Northeast Asia towards stability and peacefulness, with the complete dismantlement of Pyongyang nuclear materials and facilities being left to future administrations in Washington and Seoul.
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