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Parteienwissenschaften

Julian Krüper (ed.), Heike Merten (ed.), Thomas Poguntke (ed.)

Series: Schriften zum Parteienrecht und zur Parteienforschung

Volume 50 2015 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Michael Baurmann, Geoffrey Brennan Political Parties as Epistemic Actors. New Perspectives of Institutional Economics S. 59-82

„… ideas how to provide them efficiently. These obstacles to unspoiled hopes in the promises of direct …” „… part here. We will not discuss these issues here. We only wish to emphasize that direct-democratic …” „… made superfluous by direct-democratic processes. But they would have to strive even harder to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845257839

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Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie 2020

Nadja Braun Binder (ed.), Lars P. Feld (ed.), Peter M. Huber (ed.), Klaus Poier (ed.), Fabian Wittreck (ed.)

Series: Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie

Volume 2021 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Neue Literatur S. 285-302

„… public to information as a form of direct democracy, in: Scientific Papers of the University of Pardubice …” „… , Quintin: The use of direct democracy to decide housing site allocations in English neighbourhoods, in …” „… and frictions due to direct democracy, in: Stelkens, Ulrich/Andrijauskaitė, Agnė (Hrsg.): Good …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748928782

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Afrika und externe Akteure - Partner auf Augenhöhe?

Franziska Stehnken (ed.), Antje Daniel (ed.), Helmut Asche (ed.), Rainer Öhlschläger (ed.)

Series: Weltregionen im Wandel

Volume 8 2010 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Elisio Macamo Overwhelmed by Well-Meaning Partners – the Politics of Direct Budget Support in Mozambique S. 201-217

„… this paper wants to tell is the story of how a good idea – direct budget support – and well meaning …” „… official development agency, in 2006 with the aim of finding out whether direct budget aid to Mozambique …” „… loss of accountability which seems to accompany direct budget aid and, accordingly, were interested in …”

Helmut Asche Chinas Funktionen in Afrika S. 109-139

„… al. (2008): How China delivers development assistance to Africa. Centre for Chinese Studies …” „… Handel und Investitionen zurückwirkt: „[…] Investment is thus set to increase exponentially …” „… ): China Returns to Africa. A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace. London. Ampiah, Kweku/Naidu, Sanusha …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845223988

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Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie 2012

Lars P. Feld (ed.), Peter M. Huber (ed.), Otmar Jung (ed.), Hans-Joachim Lauth (ed.), Fabian Wittreck (ed.)

Series: Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie

Volume 2013 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Neue Literatur S. 309-326

„… Exception to the Rule?, in: Marxer, Wilfried (Hrsg.): Direct Democracy and Minorities, Wiesbaden 2012 …” „… Rechtsstaat, in: Gew- Arch. 57 (2011), S. 273–279. Galletta, Sergio/Jametti, Mario: How to Tame two …” „… direct democracy, in: Pichler, Johannes W./Kaufmann, Bruno (Hrsg.): Modern transnational democracy. How …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845248424

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Wettbewerbsprobleme im Internet

Jörn Kruse (ed.), Ralf Dewenter (ed.)

Series: Hamburger Forum Medienökonomie

Volume 9 2009 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Geza Sapi, I. Suleymanova Competition and Cooperation in the Internet Search Market S. 155-170

„… web pages and ranks them according to how closely they relate to a particular keyword combination …” „… . Search engines use algorithms to find out how strongly an advertisement is related to a keyword …” „… might prefer to direct some users to sponsored links instead, in order to maximize Geza Sapi/I …”

Patrick F. E. Beschorner Do Consumers Benefit from Concentration in the New Economy? – A Review of Google’s Mergers, Acquisitions and Arrangements S. 139-154

„… , I show that the merger with YouTube directs the advertisers' incentives to provide more suitable …” „… is not yet established how to consider the effects of multisided platforms in the definition of a …” „… literature has addressed the question on how to consider and eliminate this bias (Rochet and Tirole, 2003 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845218908

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Drachenspiele. Dragon Games

Dominik Pietzcker (ed.)

2022 Ergon, Baden-Baden

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Tina Miedtank, Caroline Glöckle Playing with the Dragon. How local actors interact with Chinese companies investing in Germany S. 225-242

„… distrust: How state-owned enterprises adapt their foreign entries to institutional pressures abroad, in …” „… acquisitions. Their aim is to further develop the acquired technologies and technological know-how. This …” „… investment screening procedures, it does not explain how foreign direct investment (FDI) could harm the …”

José Augusto Saraiva Pinto Modern Rediscoveries. How China intensified economic relations with Portugal S. 243-258

„… in comparison to the country’s GDP. How did this happen, and why? What happens when the second …” „… , how fertile that ground of a clean break was to prove. Too fertile, perhaps uncontrollable, some …” „… window into how the Chinese invest—steadily, building relations, looking to the long term. Just as an …”

Efe Can Gürcan Towards a Cultural Political Economy. Contemporary socialism with Chinese characteristics S. 167-180

„… enables us to grasp how different economic rationalities are institutionalised and inform us about the …” „… direct reference to “socialism with Chinese characteristics”: Any talk about Marxism in isolation from …” „… thinking on Xiaokang society.45 In this direction, the Hu Jintao era testified to the further strengthening …”

Flora Sapio The Bilateral Relation Between Italy and China. A historical overview S. 277-290

„… Parliament has the power to direct and control the country’s foreign policy and it is therefore the …” „… Catholic bent, and its leaders could not fail to notice how Italian Catholic missionaries were expelled …” „… the war, in 1946 Italian citizens were called to the polls in a universal referendum to choose the …”

Anna Stecher Hutong-Festivals, Phantom-Opern und bayerisch-chinesische Künstlerpicknicks. Chinesisch-europäische Theaterorte als Infrastruktur zeitgenössischer Gesprächskultur S. 363-382

„… them to insist I come to China to direct it. Naturally, I was astonished at the idea at first – how …” „… could one hope to direct a cast without being able to talk to them? Worse yet, because it was more than …” „… thirty years since China had known even a rudimentary commercial civilization, how could I hope to …”

Arianna Ponzini Road to Gender Parity. The status of women in contemporary China S. 17-34

„… introduction of universal compulsory education. How- ROAD TO GENDER PARITY 29 ever, China’s secondary …” „… the Global Gender Gap Report show how gender ratio at birth in 2020 in China is actually identical to …” „… position in 2006 to 136th in 2020. These data relating to the second sub-indicator are, actually, a direct …”

Mohamed Badr China’s Growing Footprint in the Mediterranean. Relations in politics, economics and culture S. 207-224

„… necessary to point out that most of these investments come from state-directed development organisations and …” „… , China is deepening its presence there; however, it is also trying to maintain its political neutrality …” „… in economics, politics and trade to be established with the countries of different political systems …”

Francesco Silvestri Different shades of sovereignty in ICTs. The role of China and the EU in global cyber governance S. 59-84

„… to ICTs has not solved one of the critical impasses: how these principles are to be applied and …” „… governments in internet governance.45 Arsène shows how, during the 2000s, China began to counter the status …” „… international dimensions. From the surveyed literature, two main directions appear to be shaping China’s cyber …”

Ayiguzaili Aboduaini The Story has just begun. An overview of Sino-European film cooperation S. 291-308

„… ratios and policies relative to imported films. 12 Jonathen Pepish: Foreign Films in China: How Does …” „… film content. In other words, China is directly influencing how content is created in Hollywood5 …” „… than a dozen top European film directors have called on the EU to regulate streaming giants like …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783956508851

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Die Rechtsprechung des EuGH in ihrer Bedeutung für das nationale und internationale Recht der direkt

Jutta Kruthoffer-Röwekamp (ed.)

Series: Steuerwissenschaftliche Schriften

Volume 21 2010 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Philip Baker ECJ jurisprudence from the British point of view (Die Rechtsprechung des EuGH aus britischer Sicht) S. 97-104

„… in how to formulate the questions for the ECJ. You see on the one hand cases such as the CFC Group …” „… from the UK courts to the ECJ since March 2005 in direct tax cases. Why has that been? I think there …” „… interesting to see how the Court itself deals with the authority of the Daily Mail case. That is one …”

Raffaele Russo Double taxation agreements between international and European law S. 53-60

„… knows how difficult it can be. It would be a mistake, however, to take a hammer and simply smash the …” „… taxation, the socalled “Avoir Fiscal” case. Directives were approved to harmonize taxation on mergers and …” „… Advisor, OECD Introduction Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen, it is a real honour for me to join this …”

Peter J. Wattel EC law and direct taxation: l’Europe des juges et des contribuables S. 17-28

„… , taxpayers and tax administrations to fathom the Court’s direction in direct tax cases, some apparent …” „… as necessary, inter alia, bilateral treaties to prevent double taxation. This provision has no direct …” „… internal market nowadays, or they did not want the EEC to interfere with direct taxes. In principle …”

Richard Lyal Community law beyond the European Community: Free movement of capital in the wider world S. 119-132

„… direct rights,8 and it is legitimate enough to ask how third-country nationals can derive rights from a …” „… countries remains controversial, particularly in relation to direct taxation, where its consequences can be …” „… ). Article 56 may thus apply, for example, to direct investment (in the case of a company, an interest giving …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845224909

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Kontextualismus

Andreas Grimmel

Series: Politik und Recht

Volume 2019 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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10 “This is not Life as it is Lived Here”: The Court of Justice of the European Union and the Myth of Judicial Activism S. 181-196

„… theoretically and empirically how various institutions and norms are able to shape action and “socialize” actors …” „… ) notes: “People sometimes just forget how our work functions over here. […] We first need to have a case …” „… . Wind/Martinsen/Pons-Rotger 2009) in law. But there are also commonly shared rules about how to interpret rights that can …”

14 Understanding Courts in Context: On the Embeddedness and Interaction of Judicial Bodies in a Functionally Differentiated World Society S. 255-276

„… exclusive” (Esmark 2011: 99) in relation to other such systems and no longer allow direct exchange. Put …” „… tell the agents how best to realize their desires, given their beliefs”(Elster 2009: 7). However, the …” „… , in practice both models only seem to allow for a limited level of differentiation with regard to how …”

3 Theory Must not Go on Holiday: Wittgenstein, the Pragmatists and the Idea of Social Science S. 61-78

„… each other, first of all, with regards to their subject-matters. While the natural scientist asks how …” „… world, how it creates meaning and social institutions, and how all this relates to the grounds of our …” „… said: this language-game is played” (PI § 654). At first sight, this direct access to the language …”

7 There’s Life in the Old Dog Yet! Challenges as Catalyst for European Integration S. 121-132

„… certainly no lack of different ideas about how to unite Europe in the centuries before. However, the …” „… how the reaction to crisis essentially depends on the actual willingness of the EU and its actors to …” „… how the crisis could evolve and which factors had led to it. Apart from the events on the American …”

6 Solidarity in the European Union: Fundamental Value or ‘Empty Signifier’ S. 105-120

„… , and how open it is to conflicting and even opposed interpretations. In the extreme, however, a concept …” „… and political will, but would also need accord in terms of when and how to apply solidarity in …” „… to divergent interpretations, and it is not clear when and how it is to be applied, it still has an …”

4 When There Are No Winners, Only Losers: The European Crisis and the Interest Paradigm S. 81-96

„… order to show how to approach the underlying problems. An aspect that has been largely neglected …” „… potentials to arrive at effective and sustainable crisis management; and second, how far the logic of …” „… how to act in accordance with the context’s objectives are understood here as its specific way of …”

2 Wittgenstein and the Context of Rationality: Towards a Language-Practical Notion of Rational Reason and Action S. 45-60

„… : “Minimally, rational-choice theory must tell the agents how best to realize their desires, given their …” „… them how much new information to acquire before they form the beliefs on which they can base a decision …” „… definitive and timeless information about the world or how to do things. Or, as Wittgenstein puts it: “The …”

9 Judicial Interpretation or Judicial Activism? The Legacy of Rationalism in the Studies of the Court of Justice of the European Union S. 161-180

„… referring to what all the other participants of the legal discourse understand about law and how it has to …” „… focus is on the “reason-decision” scheme and how it must be embedded in the wider context of law to …” „… be commonly fixed rules of how to understand legal warrants, rules which define legitimate forms of …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 289-314

„… .: Suhrkamp. Luhmann, N. (1997). Globalization or World Society: How to Conceive of Modern Society …” „… . Peirce, C.S. (1997 [1878]). How to Make our Ideas Clear. In: L. Menand (ed.), Pragmatism: A Reader (pp …” „… Renewed Research Agenda. European University Institute Working Papers, 23/2007. Vauchez, A. (2008). How to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845299327

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Europäische Integration und Globalisierung

Werner Meng (ed.), Georg Ress (ed.), Torsten Stein (ed.)

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 84 2011 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Nigel G. Foster The UK as a member state of the EU S. 153-166

„… join and then why it did before moving on to consider how membership was legally organised and how …” „… was keen to see a united and more integrated Europe. Direct participation was not intended. There …” „… alliance was less prominent – and pointedly so after the disagreement with the USA as to how to handle the …”

Iris Canor The Role of the Preamble to the Treaty in the European Court of Justice’s Jurisprudence – „... an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe“ S. 87-112

„… ploys) were exerted, if at all, on the final text, and how much free hand was left to legal …” „… one. It merely seeks to examine when and how the preamble to the EEC, which laid down the crude …” „… based.42 The direct result of this precedence was to give international treaties a new status. The …”

Heike Jung From structure to actor – Reflections on comparative law theory S. 299-308

„… theoreticians. But what and how do we compare? Comparatists have from the outset been preoccupied to overcome …” „… . This is more than just a matter of legal argument.32 It directs our interest to those who apply the …” „… 299 From structure to actor – Reflections on comparative law theory Heike Jung I. Introduction …”

Raimund Raith The Selection of the Members of the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization – Process and recent experiences S. 413-424

„… essentially limited to describe how the Appellate Body selection procedure works in practice. Given that this …” „… the WTO Director General. 2. The appointment of an Appellate Body Member to replace a member who …” „… Member has suggested an Appellate Body candidate to the WTO Director General, this Member will typically …”

Maria Papantoni The Hellenic Constitutional Law and the Supremacy of European Law S. 347-358

„… may be itself subject to national legal controls and it creates direct individual rights (and also …” „… , we could come to conclusions about how to deal with clashes between EU law and constitutional norms …” „… European law is directly applicable in Greece after its adhesion to the EEC/EC/EU gave rise to the …”

Henrik Bull Free Movement of Persons and the Recognition of Foreign Marriages S. 51-66

„… the Act. It is not clear how Section 120, first paragraph, is to be interpreted. It 61 paragraph …” „… test of “proportionality stricto sensu” and censure the Member State’s view of how to balance the aim …” „… . In 2004, the three Directives, as well as the provisions on family members’ right to free movement …”

Alberto L. Zuppi Immunities of state officials as a non-exculpatory defense in international criminal law S. 653-670

„… crimes are not subject to a statute of limitations; an international lawyer will not comprehend why …” „… analogy impedes a similar criminal behavior to be included in the Tatbestand. Notwithstanding this …” „… double standpoint requirement many questions are left to interpretation when reading the ICC Statute …”

Jörg Reinbothe Das geistige Eigentum und die Europäische Union S. 425-448

„… somit für das geistige Eigentum nur billig sein. So können bloße Ideen, Entdeckungen oder Know-How als …” „… durchzusetzen, „necessary to secure compliance with laws or regulations which are not inconsistent with the …” „… provisions of the Agreement, including those relating to […] the protection of patents, trade marks …”

Reinhard Quick Grenzmaßnahmen oder Maßnahmen an der Grenze – Die Unterscheidung zwischen Artikel III und II (XI) GATT dargestellt an der Ausdehnung des Emissionshandels auf Importe S. 393-412

„… 2010 in Genf stattfand. 48 So beispielsweise Regan, How to Think about PPMs and Climate Change, in …” „… Border Adjustments of Emission Trading Schemes A Means To Protect the Climate Or Are They ‘Naked …” „… Protectionism?, Global Trade and Customs Journal 2008, S. 163-175; sowie Quick, Border Tax Adjustment to Combat …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845233161

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Lokale politische Eliten und Fragen der Legitimation

Katja Pähle (ed.), Marion Reiser (ed.)

2007 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Hajdeja Iglič, Helena Kovačič The role of institutions in raising the political engagement in new democracies: The case of Slovenia S. 179-196

„… sections we then turn to the empirical analysis of the survey data. 3. Institutions of direct democracy …” „… percent in 1990 to 74 percent in 1996, but also no significant increase in more direct …” „… , only 2 percent. The picture is not much different with regard to more direct and non-institutionalized …”

Melanie Walter-Rogg Legitimacy of various political levels in Germany and Europe S. 129-156

„… institutions based on how they perceive that their demands were met. Diffuse support is referring primarily to …” „… questionnaires is: „How much trust and confidence do you have in your federal, state, or local government to do …” „… . if asked „how much trust and confidence do you have in your federal, state, or local government to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845205236

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Wettbewerb auf digitalen Märkten

Björn Christian Becker (ed.)

Series: Wirtschaftsrecht und Wirtschaftspolitik

Volume 323 2025 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Björn Christian Becker Poaching to power and power to poach – Abwerben von Mitarbeitern vs. Art. 102 AEUV am Beispiel des Tech Sektors S. 115-174

„… Abwerben von Arbeitnehmernauch im Rahmen des DMA und § 19a GWB? 128IV. Poaching to power I: Direct hiring …” „… ) Wettbewerbliche Auswirkungen der Rechtsverstöße 147bb) Kausalität 147V. Poaching to power II: direct hiring als …” „… maßgeblich am Know-How seiner Mitarbeiter, kannwirtschaftlich betrachtet mit einem direct hiring aller oder …”

Juliane Kokott, Mariya Serafimova Aktuelle Rechtsprechung der Unionsgerichte zum Missbrauchsverbot nach Art. 102 AEUV – hin zu einem Paradigmenwechsel? S. 13-38

„… draft Article 102 Guidelines: how a biased Reading of the CaseLaw delivered an unfortunate Attempt to …” „… Guidelines: how abiased Reading of the Case Law delivered an unfortunate Attempt to roll back …” „… Shopping), C‑48/22 P, EU:C:2024:726, Rn. 166 ff.9 Siehe Bradford, Digital Empires: The Global Battle to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748947813

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Die gefährdete Demokratie

Siegfried F. Franke

2017 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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How to Fight Functional Deficits of Representative Democracy S. 63-78

„… Direct Democracy (cf. Braunschweig 2012: 26 ff.). 2.2 72 How to Fight Functional Deficits of …” „… . In the Distant Future: Direct Democracy? The logic of the proposals how to fight functional deficits …” „… How to Fight Functional Deficits of Representative Democracy1 The Problem: Functional Deficits of …”

“Drawing of Lots” Instead of “Voting” – The Only Way to Restore Democracy? S. 79-100

„… fill the gap (Buchstein 2011). Direct Democracy as a Complement to Representative Democracy? Or: Direct …” „… Democracy as a Project for the Well-educated Classes? Often it is recommended to stick to forms of Direct …” „… ‐ thermore, it is also possible to combine them with opportunity costs for each proposal. Thus, direct …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845286365

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Z'GuG Zeitschrift für Gemeinwirtschaft und Gemeinwohl

Browse Volumes: Z'GuG Zeitschrift für Gemeinwirtschaft und Gemeinwohl

Z’GuG Volume 44 (2021) Issue 4 ISSN Online: 2701-4207 Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Mark J. Kaswan Cooperatives and the Question of Democracy S. 486-500

„… second-order concern. The paper explores the question of how important democracy is to cooperatives …” „… democratic models, as opposed to smaller cooperatives that are more likely to use direct democracy involving …” „… cooperatives suggest that the commitment to democracy may be superficial. This calls into question just how …”

Anja Niedworok, Monique Bolli, Martin Gutmann Tackling ill-structured problems with cooperatives. A proposal for further research and application S. 536-548

„… results, it is our aim to contribute to the ongoing discussion of how cooperatives could contribute to …” „… need to be addressed operating in different, often complex frames (Hahn et al., 2014). How cooperatives …” „… than other types of organizations. The knowledge and experience of how to do this is not limited to …”

Richard Sturn Digital transformation, cooperatives, and the perspectives of workplace democracy S. 501-517

„… in the transformation, suggesting a direction (alternative to libertarian blockchain utopias) of an …” „… under the direction of the employer. Ensuing problems are key to understanding the diversity and …” „… to hierarchically organized capitalist firms are related to the problems and pathologies of labour …”

Anna Stegmann, Andrea Hausmann Erkenntnisse zur erfolgreichen Neubesetzung von Führungspositionen indeutschen Museen – eine empirische Untersuchung von Beschaffungsprozessen S. 615-635

„… , Alexander, Beate Littig and Wolfgang Menz, London, S. 17-42. Moore, Don A. (2017), How to Improve the …” „… ; Führungskräftebeschaffung; Interviewstudie; Museumsmanagement Abstract Museums frequently appoint the wrong candidates to …” „… conduct a theory-based exploratory interview study in order to gain empirical insights into the status quo …”

doi.org/10.5771/2701-4193-2021-4

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Israel's European policy after the Cold War

Stefan Ahlswede

Series: Düsseldorfer Schriften zu Internationaler Politik und Völkerrecht

Volume 6 2009 Nomos, Baden-Baden

Results in this title

Israel’s motivation to agree S. 77-85

„… direct negotiations. To accommodate Jordan’s demands, Peres tried to establish an international setting …” „… that would be called an international conference but would immediately lead to direct Israeli-Jordanian …” „… Hussein to enter direct negotiations with Israel. In his struggle with Foreign Minister Peres over the …”

Preventing an EU political role S. 239-243

„… o?ered itself as coalition partner to the governing parties that would have resulted in an alternative …” „… approach to Europe. Secondly, Israel’s governments are in control of their parties so that there are no …” „… study. Due to the complexity and incompleteness of the data of the precise route that the formulation of …”

The EU as the facilitator of peace S. 243-247

„… would be to support Israel and its neighbours with upgrading economic relations, direct investments and …” „… work for how and why such a European role would be beneficial to Israel. One school of thought has been …” „… Middle East, however, has not been as absolute as it may seem at first. It is a direct European say in …”

The EU’s special envoy to the Middle East S. 98-104

„… introduced direct election of the Prime Minister did not enhance his powers or freedom of action. To the …” „… here. Netanyahu by then was Levy’s Prime Minister, the first to be directly elected and – thus it was …” „… participation.249 3.4. The EU’s special envoy to the Middle East In October 1996, the EU Council of Ministers …”

Motivation of the European Parliament S. 59-65

„… the State of Israel. Of course, however, there was more to it. Insistence on direct and correctly …” „… agreement on how to adjust the 1975 TCA to the increased competition Israel faced from Spain and Portugal …” „… after their accession to the European Community. Portugal and Spain in particular were direct …”

The research design: structured empiricism S. 21-26

„… are pretty straight-forward. The interesting part, though, is to model how and why some of the many …” „… events in the environment become input and how the foreign policy system actually processes input to …” „… reports, face-to-face contact or by direct observation of the operational environment. Communication will …”

Administrative units S. 123-124

„… actually put the issue of how to behave vis-à-vis Europe on the agenda in the individual issues. The agenda …” „… 123 Secondly, our analysis points to a disproportionally strong influence of personal …” „… foreign policy. On closer examination there is nothing to suggest that any Israeli government has regarded …”

Background of Israel’s counterproductive behaviour S. 66-70

„… of the Defence portfolio, backed Nechamkin and his opposition to direct contacts between the …” „… Likud-led Ministry of Agriculture – that even after Israel had finally o?cially agreed to allow direct …” „… and not too much about possibly developing Palestinian national structures. His aim was to prevent …”

Tactic S. 70-75

„… Foreign Ministry overcome the Ministry of Agriculture’s opposition to direct Palestinian exports. The …” „… had been no guidance or additional support from Jerusalem on how to handle the situation. This was up …” „… Foreign Ministry did not indeed feel quite the urge Shamir felt to overcome the European Parliament’s …”

Further actors S. 237-239

„… behaviour when he was ambassador to the EC – which itself does not make one raise an eyebrow so far –, but …” „… more so when he was ambassador to Germany. He was the central planner of Israel’s European policy when …” „… the one hand, by the central role Israel has ascribed to Germany in its dealing with the EU. On the …”

Token role of the EU S. 259-261

„… been passed. Since Israel is in no position to directly influence agenda setting in the EU’s foreign …” „… status and recognition, too, albeit in another field. The EU longs to be recognised as an important actor …” „… indeed, which would be but a vehicle and expression of the raised status that the EU yearns to achieve …”

Levy’s perception of what was agreed upon with the EC in June S. 85-87

„… as it may, there were reasons to be concerned from an Israeli point of view: less so about the direct …” „… that after defending its survival at great cost, Israel will yield to external pressures”.195 Be that …” „… e?ects of the sanctions – which were only minor – than about the fact that the EC was prepared to impose …”

External operational environment S. 29-42

„… dominated by the question of how to deal with its hostile neighbours.22 As a consequence, Israel has sought …” „… . For a start, it is very hard to see how Israel could play a role in securing the West’s oil supply. An …” „… determine the value of those input variables that we can expect to vary only slightly between our case …”

Israel’s motivation to agree S. 89-97

„… towns and villages in the Northern Galilee, US Secretary of State Warren Christopher managed to reach a …” „… Shia Hizbullah. The paper regulated where and when military force was to be considered legitimate, but …” „… what made it outstanding was the monitoring group it established to supervise its implementation. It …”

The case studies S. 16-18

„… order to determine how Israel’s European policy system is working, we however have to see it working …” „… number of other issues that are not directly related to a European role in the Middle East: not to supply …” „… aspects of Euro-Israeli relations: Einhorn, 1994 analyses how the 1975 Israel-EC Cooperation Agreement has …”

Perspective on integration S. 274-278

„… concerned, it is not conceivable how Israel would be ready to substitute the security guarantee and support …” „… be expected to further develop Israel’s democracy. We cannot see however how Israel’s perceived …” „… is even inconceivable how Israel as well as the EU would be prepared for an Israeli membership to the …”

Excursion: the EC agrees to negotiations – a success of Israeli policy? S. 134-144

„… came to be known, claimed many victims on either side and demonstrated to the world how dearly peace …” „… rights, it is inconceivable how the EC should have come to the conclusion that Israel’s record had …” „… concession of some kind.383 According to Zvi Allon, Deputy Director General for Foreign Trade of the Ministry …”

The ministerial officials S. 119-121

„… European counterparts and could feel first hand how sensible an issue this was to the EC and, accordingly …” „… of how to behave towards the EU’s special envoy, the Prime Minister did not take centre stage in …” „… that are “still more vital” – matters of the peace process that have the potential to directly …”

Sign or keep negotiating? S. 179-186

„… weeks on, there would be a Labour Party convention, set to deliberate how to elect the next Prime …” „… Minister and how to pick the party’s Knesset candidates. In the run-up to the convention, the old …” „… how he should have made him overthrow this decision later. The very day Charish appealed to Rabin, the …”

The actors S. 97-98

„… an issue between Israel and France. To a lesser extent, the same goes for Barak’s and Beilin’s role …” „… Peres displayed. The fact that he did, despite the low priority of the issue, must be attributed to …” „… Peres’ a?nity to Europe and particularly France. This also explains his low-key rebu? of the French …”

A third leg – Counterbalance a possible decrease of American commitment S. 113-119

„… Foreign Minister Beilin even convened weekly meetings on how to lean more on Europe with a circle of …” „… that Israel’s alleged goal for decades had been achieved i. e. to directly negotiate peace with its …” „… the peace process that have the potential to directly determine Israel’s very survival. 3.7. Actors …”

Aims in detail S. 153-160

„… in the negotiations came down to seeing how much it could get at the time. 4.5.2. Aims in detail …” „… how to turn scientific developments in academia into marketable products. Participation would o?er a …” „… 153 tions with the EC on the whole on a new basis. Israel wanted to see an institutionalised …”

The Inter-Ministerial Director Generals’ Committee for Economic International Affairs S. 205-207

„… DGC issued guidelines on how to behave vis-à-vis the European negotiators, i. e. how to decide on …” „… they held phone conversations, exchanged notes with and paid visits to their European counterparts and …” „… issued statements to the media. Implementation has thus been firmly in their hands, too – as far as …”

Self-conception of Israel vis-à-vis Europe S. 226-228

„… former ambassador to the EC and the Foreign Ministry’s Deputy Director General for Economic A?airs in the …” „… role in understanding Israel’s behaviour towards the European Union. The question is how Israel’s …” „… input into the foreign policy system. We need to be aware that due to data shortage the perceptions and …”

The history of scientific cooperation with the EC S. 132-134

„… victims on either side and demonstrated to the world how dearly peace was needed in the region, but also …” „… 132 4.3. The history of scientific cooperation with the EC In addition to the Euro-Mediterranean …” „… agreement separate to the EMA. In Israel’s understanding, the two agreements are but two sides of a coin …”

Has Israel achieved its aims? S. 251-253

„… Middle Eastern a?airs has by and large become reality, but it is hard to see how this could be credited …” „… Europeanness and its right to be treated accordingly. This is an goal independent of Israel’s desire to achieve …” „… has aimed to get as close as possible to this prestigious status without entering into the political …”

The politicians S. 121-123

„… decided to agree to a French seat in the monitoring committee. In the question of how to behave towards …” „… processors actually put the issue of how to behave vis-à-vis Europe on the agenda in the individual issues …” „… 121 the operative and day-to-day level. The Professionals apparently commanded considerable freedom …”

Confusion over Israel’s goal S. 146-153

„… in the negotiations came down to seeing how much it could get at the time. 4.5.2. Aims in detail …” „… 146 with Israel”, the EC’s ambassador to Israel, Gwen Morgan, explained the situation, “you can bet …” „… Canada and our other bilateral partners will come within two hours to request the same thing”.422 Rabin’s …”

Has Israel achieved its aims? S. 215-218

„… what it wanted to be concerning the EU.688 4.9.2. Why has Israel been successful? How come Israel …” „… interest groups do actually make the futile e?ort to directly appeal to the government to begin with …” „… 215 convincing the cabinet in May 1995 to recommend to make final ratification of the EMA dependant …”

Bureaucratic units S. 237

The actors S. 75-76

„… sta?. According to Primor, there had been no guidance or additional support from Jerusalem on how to …” „… 75 3.1.4.6. Embassy to the EC Finally, another move of Israel deserves to be scrutinised here. In …” „… June 1988 the Knesset decided to set up a separate embassy exclusively for the EC. This was a reaction …”

Conclusion S. 88-89

„… either. As late as in mid-April he voiced opposition to the Europeans participating even as mere …” „… . There has hardly been any argument over the EC’s participation in the Foreign Ministry. To the …” „… Professionals, it seemed natural.209 From the findings it appears that Israel’s ambassador to the EC, Avi Primor …”

The German channel S. 254-255

„… has thus been dependent on Israel’s relations with the US, but di?erently to how one might expect, it …” „… , they seem not even to be actually directed at the EU, even though they do hinge on concrete aims and …” „… to take a marketing tour would be another. In the following however, we will take a closer look at a …”

The role of the US S. 253-254

„… dependent on Israel’s relations with the US, but di?erently to how one might expect, it has been Israel …” „… even as crucial as Israel’s foreign behaviour has been to the outcome, this behaviour was not directed …” „… seems far fetched though, since many other factors contributed to the progress in the peace process, and …”

The ministerial officials S. 235-237

„… formulation, but also with operational issues, especially when it comes to integration policy, where they have …” „… towards Europe, repeatedly asserting themselves against their Foreign Minister and convincing him to …” „… Israel’s politicians have left integration policy largely to the o?cials. The Foreign Ministry’s Deputy …”

The dispute on financial services S. 167-170

„… significantly limited the GATS’ fourth mode of how a service could be supplied to the Israeli market, namely …” „… 167 The EU did ultimately yield to more Israeli demands, as did Israel vice versa. The EU was ready …” „… to raise the quota for turkey (by 900 t) and for easy-peel citrus fruit, accepting a quota of 29 …”

The ministerial officials S. 202-205

„… policy process? It goes to show how influential the Professionals have been in the issue where Peres had …” „… 202 2009 when this analysis went to print, however, these e?orts had not yielded any results …” „… agreement to take a new name and be called an “Association Agreement”. Association with the EU is provided …”

Use the EU’s good services S. 247-250

„… Israel came to the negotiation table with a mere list of demands, seeing how much it could get. More …” „… 247 their peace dividend whilst still owing the peace that was supposed to go with it. Aware of …” „… this, the Netanyahu government did not put much stress on trying to expand European aid to the …”

Remarks on Israel’s policy style S. 221-225

„… particularly, Industry and Trade indicates just how little weight is given to the political dimension of …” „… came to the negotiations with the Foreign Ministry’s vague political objective for closer relations, a …” „… Correspondingly, Israel entered negotiations without clear-cut objectives what was to be achieved let alone a …”

The dispute on rules of origin S. 160-164

„… prefer the Europeans not to have any say and from which Israel would rather keep them well away. Upon …” „… vehicle for pre-emptive diplomacy. Israel could hope to have more of an influence on EU decision-making if …” „… Israel-EU agreement, another aspect of the upgraded relations that Israel had tried to reach was a boost of …”

The internal dispute on Israel’s goal S. 170-174

„… Finance took the blame for its failure to take an unambiguous stand on future relations with the EU, as we …” „… have seen above, and because of its internal di?erences, it was in no shape to stand up for any vision …” „… , at the same time were also its weakest link. Not that this would have mattered much when it came to …”

The dispute on the EU’s R&D programme S. 174-179

„… successful. After consultation with the ministerial level, the Director Generals’ Committee agreed to go for …” „… 174 Nothing had come out of Primor’s initiative when this analysis went to print by June 2009 – in …” „… relations markedly cooled to a new low as a result, making a success of the initiative most unlikely. 4.6.6 …”

Internal operational environment S. 42-48

„… still calls on the Arab states not to do business with Israel. The secondary boycott had been directed …” „… 42 people whilst the PLO recognised Israel’s right of existence and committed itself to a peaceful …” „… solution to their conflict. The Oslo Accords set o? a process in which Israel should transfer territory and …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845219189

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ZögU Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen

Browse Volumes: ZögU Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen

ZögU Volume 30 (2007) Issue 2 ISSN Online: 0344-9777 Nomos, Baden-Baden

Results in this title

Robert Purtschert, Georg von Schnurbein, Susan Imboden Vorgehensweisen und Entscheidungsgrundlagen für Outsourcing in Direct Mail S. 125-141

„… nonprofits have to reduce costs and to frame the direct mail process efficiently. This article points out …” „… how outsourcing of whole process sections or parts of it reduces costs or secures success of direct …” „… organization and the direct mail- know how of the organization. Literaturverzeichnis Belz, Christian (1997 …”

doi.org/10.5771/0344-9777-2007-2

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2 3 …859