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BaFin-Verlautbarungen

Benjamin Fekonja

Reihe: Schriften des Augsburg Center for Global Economic Law and Regulation - Arbeiten zum Internationalen Wirtschaftsrecht und zur Wirtschaftsregulierung

Band 58 2014

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Practical binding effect S. 167-168

„… . Practical binding effect Im US-amerikanischen Verwaltungsrecht stellen safe harbor rules Vorschriften dar …” „… (practical binding effect), die einer rechtlich verbindlichen safe harbor rule sehr nahe kommt.755 II. Die …”

Die safe harbor-Wirkung von SEC no-action letters S. 168-170

„… auch für Behörde eine rein faktische Selbstbindung (practical binding effect), die einer rechtlich …” „… der Aufsichtsbehörde. Dieser practical binding effect ist jedoch mittlerweile im US-amerikanischen …” „… , wird ihnen über dieses bilaterale Verhältnis hinaus zumindest ein persuasive effect nach der …”

Stichwortverzeichnis S. 305-306

„… Managment and Budget 223 f. 306 Practical binding effect 24 f., 64 f., 176 f. Präsumtive Verbindlichkeit 94 …” „… 207 Konkretisierungsbefugnis 258 ff. Lamfallussy-Verfahren 248 ff. Legal effect test 63 Legislative …”

Behördenverlautbarungen im US-amerikanischen Verwaltungsrecht S. 48-64

„… . Ist diese verbindlich (mandatory), so ist eine bezweckte, faktische Bindung (practical binding effect …” „… binding effect, wenn das Dokument so formuliert ist, dass die Aufsichtssubjekte die Regelung als eine Art …” „… whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed …”

Zwischenergebnis S. 64-65

„… Ermächtigungsgrundlage und entfalten eine erhebliche faktische Bindungswirkung für Normadressaten (practical binding …” „… effect). Die Befugnis zum Erlass solcher Behördenverlautbarungen beruht auf der verfassungsrechtlich …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

„… BaFin-Verlautbarungen 167 A. US-amerikanische Rechtslage 167 I. Practical binding effect 167 II. Die safe …” „… Rules/Nonlegislative Rules 59 a) Substantial impact test 60 b) Agency’s label test 60 c) Legal effect test 61 d …”

Problemaufriss und Bestimmung des Untersuchungsgegenstandes S. 23-25

„… Bindungswirkung (practical binding effect) zugesprochen, obwohl deren dogmatische Verankerung im Normengefüge »vom …”

Vertrauensschutz bei der Rechtsanwendung S. 171-179

„… nonlegislative rules wird aber eine erhebliche faktische Bindungswirkung (practical binding effect) zugestanden …” „… persuasive effect, sowohl für Gerichte als auch für die SEC selbst.799 Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage soll …”

Darstellung und Analyse der veröffentlichten BaFin-Verlautbarungen S. 65-71

„… eine erhebliche faktische Bindungswirkung für Normadressaten (practical binding effect). Die Befugnis …”

Zusammenfassung S. 273-282

„… US-amerikanischen Verwaltungsrecht lediglich ein practical binding effect zugesprochen. Sie gewähren daher keinen …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250540

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The Guiding Cases of China's Supreme People's Court

Yajun Tao

Reihe: Studien zu Recht und Rechtskultur Chinas

Band 10 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Chapter 3: The Binding Effect of Guiding Cases S. 141-212

„… , since only key points of adjudication have a factual binding effect.State of researchResearch on the …” „… cases do not.Research on the factual binding effectRegarding the nature of the factual binding effect …” „… cases published by the SPC, such as typical cases in its Gazette, in terms of binding effect.Basically …”

Chapter 7: Conclusion S. 397-410

„… trustworthy method for strengthening the factual binding effect.Second, another dimension of the SPC's factual …” „… has a factual binding effect.The lengthy and inefficient selection procedure also has a negative …” „… much in common in terms of binding effect, publishing format, and objective of implementing party …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-14

„… researchIII. 23The ambiguous binding effect as a reason for the low application rate1.24The limited number of …” „… the objectives and contenta. 44Research on the structureb. 47Research on the binding effect of guiding …” „… Combination of guiding cases and similar-case searching3. 134SummaryVII. 137The Binding Effect of Guiding …”

Chapter 1: Introduction S. 15-40

„… , while guiding cases do not.12 Meanwhile, the binding effect of guiding cases is based on SPC documents …” „… respect to their binding effect, guiding cases show a feature of internal supervision of the SPC within …” „… binding effect as a reason for the low application rateTo begin with, the low application rate of guiding …”

Chapter 2: The development of guiding cases in China S. 41-140

„… , outcome of adjudication and the reasoning part.123Research on the binding effect of guiding casesIt is …” „… widely acknowledged that typical cases do not have a binding effect. Some studies indicate that typical …” „… typical cases have a persuasive effect that is nearly identical to a factual binding effect, as typical …”

List of References S. 427-458

„… ), Chen Zengbao (陈增宝), On the Problems of Binding Effect of Guiding Cases (指导性案例的效力问题探讨), Research on Rule …” „… .Li Yougen (李友根), Why Do Guiding Cases Not Have Binding Effect (指导性案例为何没有约束力), Law and Social …” „… (Social Science) (河南大学学报社会科学版), 2017, No. 4, pp. 66-73.Wang Cheng (王成), Research on the Binding Effect of …”

Chapter 6: Application of Guiding Cases in Practice S. 339-396

„… . First, the reason for an implicit application can be attributed to the ambiguous binding effect of …” „… ), Why Do Guiding Cases Not Have Binding Effect (指导性案例为何没有约束力), Law and Social Development (法制与社会发展 …” „… higher courts for reference, guiding cases with an explicitly stated factual binding effect would be …”

Chapter 4: The Procedure of Guiding-Case Selection S. 213-288

„… while the provisions released by the high courts differ in the application and binding effect of …” „… ; Mou Lvye (牟绿叶), On the Effect of Guiding Cases (论指导性案例的效力), Contemporary Law Review (当代法学), 2014, No …” „… Social Science (江苏社会科学), 2011, No. 6, p. 146.922 Li Yougen (李友根), Why Do Guiding Cases Not Have Binding …”

Chapter 5: Substantive criteria for the selection of guiding cases S. 289-338

„… binding effect is also based on an internal supervision as stated in Chapter Three.1328 In this regard …” „… Business and Law (法商研究), 2016, No. 5, p. 100; Li Yougen (李友根), Why Do Guiding Cases Not Have Binding Effect …” „… in divorce litigation or lawsuits involving minors.1291 Positive social effectFirst and foremost …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748941392

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Soft law in practice - assessing technology pools according to American and European antitrust law

Alfredo Barona

Reihe: Schriften zum geistigen Eigentum und zum Wettbewerbsrecht

Band 14 2008

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Binding effect of the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines S. 21-23

„… importance to undertakings if they unfold binding effect. If guidelines are not binding, the question arises …” „… the Guidelines. A) Regulation basis I. Binding effect of the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines 1 …” „… . Directly binding effect Although the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines are the only regulations in European …”

Regulation basis S. 34-35

„… binding effect. Part (A) deals briefly with this question. Analyzing if the content of the US Guidelines …” „… US-Licensing-Guidelines unfold neither direct nor indirect binding effect. Courts are in no case bound to guidelines. In …” „… contrary, only courts are authorized to interpret antitrust law with binding effect.128 This is not …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… effect of the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines 21 1. Directly binding effect 21 2. Indirectly binding …” „… effect 22 3. Lack of binding effect 22 II. Analogous application of the Reg. No. 772/2004 23 III …” „… pools 20 Part 2: Technology pools in European competition law 21 A) Regulation basis 21 I. Binding …”

Critical remark S. 24-25

„… outstanding importance in practice.63 IV. Result Since there is no binding effect of the EC-Technology …” „… . Critical remark The fact that technology pools were not included into an undoubtedly binding European …” „… non-binding guidelines does not give enough consideration to their economic relevance.60 The system of the Reg …”

Legitimacy S. 32-33

„… binding effect as technology pools are only addressed by the Guidelines in European law.114 As far as the …” „… binding set of rules, they foreshadow the Commission’s decision, so that affected individuals are …”

Result S. 25

„… there is no binding effect of the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines, and no room for an application by …”

Result S. 40-41

„… not binding in any respects, and the authorization in the CFR is widespread, comprising the …” „… context of effects on innovation. …”

Legality S. 31-32

„… Guidelines emit factually binding effect as technology pools are only addressed by the Guidelines in European …”

Content S. 35-40

„… agreements as unlawful, if the restraint is likely to have anticompetitive effects and, if so, whether the …” „… effects.135 However, an agreement is considered a violation of antitrust law without regard to potential …” „… pro-competitive effects, if it constitutes a ‘per se-restraint’ like naked price-fixing or market divisions.136 B …”

Content S. 25-31

„… there is no binding effect of the EC-Technology Transfer-Guidelines, and no room for an application by …” „… danger of foreclosure and, in addition, other anti-competitive effects on down stream markets.94 In fact …” „… protect know-how.101 Therefore, these pro-competitive effects of non-compete obligations militate rather …”

Summary and Conclusion S. 56

„… guidelines are not binding, undertakings cannot rely on the rules established by the Guidelines. Regarding …” „… systematical coherence, effectiveness and efficiency leads to the finding that the US Guidelines are slightly …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845205625

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The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

Shira Becker-Alon

Reihe: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Band 83 2011

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Binding effect of Union agreements on the Community S. 200-201

„… personality, it may still be equipped with a treaty-making competence.8742. Binding effect of Union agreements …” „… instructions as to the binding effect of the agreements concluded in accordance with its provisions. Yet …” „… , Article 24(6) of the TEU refers to the “institutions of the Union”. Nevertheless, the binding effect such …”

Binding effect of Common Positions on the Community and its institutions S. 197-198

„… within this policy framework. 2. Binding effect of Common Positions on the Community and its institutions …” „… Chapter IX. 198 Positions conferring legally binding instructions in areas which fall within the scope of …” „… actors duly participate in it.866 What this actually means is that Common Positions may have a binding …”

The binding effect of Joint Actions on the Community and its institutions S. 189-190

„… influential in terms of the CFSP. 2. The binding effect of Joint Actions on the Community and its …” „… 14(4) TEU is not legally binding and predict a possibility that the Commission will ignore the …” „… , the Commission noted that measures taken under Title V TEU are politically and legally binding on the …”

Can the 2006 IIA be considered to be legally binding? S. 142-146

„… 142 5. Can the 2006 IIA be considered to be legally binding? a. Legal nature of IIAs Not having …” „… non-legally binding have not yet been determined and the European Courts’ jurisprudence in this regard has …” „… considered the issue of the IIAs’ legal effects on the interinstitutional relations on a case-bycase basis …”

Treaty-making competence of the EU S. 198-200

The 2006 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on Budgetary Discipline and Sound Financial Management. S. 141-142

„… . 142 5. Can the 2006 IIA be considered to be legally binding? a. Legal nature of IIAs Not having been …” „… they entail. Decisive criteria as to the classification of IIAs as legally or non-legally binding have …” „… of the IIAs’ legal effects on the interinstitutional relations on a case-bycase basis.598 …”

The double function of the Council and its legal implications S. 211-213

„… binding effect of Article 11(2) of the TEU, which requires the Member States to “support the Union’s …” „… Kugelmann 1998, p. 115. See discussion on the binding effect of these articles in Chapter VIII. 927 Cremer …” „… requirement of consistency can be even regarded as binding under Community law.920 Indeed, the adherence to a …”

Economic sanctions in the EU legal framework S. 206-208

„… Article to be considered as an exception to the rule that Union law has no binding effect on the Community …” „… interests. The extent and implications of this binding effect for the inter-pillar relations are examined …” „… give effect to a UN Resolution under Chapter VII of the UN-Charter is contrary to the Community legal …”

The inter-pillar procedure S. 208-211

„… to be considered as an exception to the rule that Union law has no binding effect on the Community …” „… interests. The extent and implications of this binding effect for the inter-pillar relations are examined …” „… requirement of “urgent measures” to be taken by the Council in light of its binding force and its full and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-15

„… initiating Joint Actions 1882. The binding effect of Joint Actions on the Community and its institutions 1893 …” „… their reference to Community matters 1952. Binding effect of Common Positions on the Community and its …” „… competence of the EU 1982. Binding effect of Union agreements on the Community 2003. EU agreements: a new …”

Involvement of the Community in initiating Joint Actions S. 187-189

„… influential in terms of the CFSP. 2. The binding effect of Joint Actions on the Community and its …” „… 14(4) TEU)825. When considering the possible legal effects of such a request by the Council, is …” „… 14(4) TEU is not legally binding and predict a possibility that the Commission will ignore the …”

Community law aspects of armament and defence cooperation S. 167-174

„… non-binding political agreement which includes a set of general principles for defence (not security …” „… , that is, they should be interpreted in such a way that their effects do not extend beyond that which is …” „… binding legal framework and the Commission’s experience in public procurement regulation and policy.744738 …”

Jusiciability of Common Positions S. 198

„… 198 Positions conferring legally binding instructions in areas which fall within the scope of …” „… actors duly participate in it.866 What this actually means is that Common Positions may have a binding …” „… effect on the Community under the conditions of the mode d’emploi.3. Jusiciability of Common Positions …”

EU agreements: a new field of dualism in the EU’s external relations S. 201-203

„… whom the binding effect for the institutions of the agreements concluded under Article 24 is not …” „… binding effect on the Community’s institutions. 887 Although a similar provision was suggested in the …” „… legally effective under international law, but rather, it is only of an internal scope. 879 Schmalz (1998 …”

EPC legal nature S. 56-60

„… legally binding international obligation, considering that Title III was formulated as a common …” „… consolidation of the acquis politique, the latter was nevertheless not as clearly articulated and as binding as …” „… more as a (relatively weak) commitment rather than a binding legal obligation. As stated, the …”

Scope of Common Positions and their reference to Community matters S. 194-197

„… or to what extent the reference to Community action in a Common Position may have a binding effect on …” „… also be interpreted as expecting the Commission to act within this policy framework. 2. Binding effect …” „… acknowledging and giving effect to international obligations to which the Member States are committed. They were …”

The legal implications of Article 301 of the TEC for the Commission S. 213-216

„… performance.946In practice, the question of the binding effect that a CFSP Decision on economic sanctions …” „… Resolutions through action by the Community as being binding at the Community level.9293. The legal …” „… , Article 301 is regarded as an exceptional clause in the EC Treaty, one that arguably confers legal effects …”

The 1997 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on the financing of the CFSP S. 136-139

„… Article 301 of the TEC, to explicitly convey legal effects of decisions made within the framework of the …” „… indicates that Article 268, paragraph 2 of the TEC does not represent a binding arrangement on this issue …” „… the lack of a binding arrangement regarding CFSP financing, funding for CFSP actions was based mainly …”

Scope of ECJ jurisdiction under the TEU S. 96-103

„… considering the legally binding effects that the provisions under TEU/CFSP produce, it could have been thought …” „… and the intergovernmental Second and Third Pillars are capable of producing binding 364 Judging from …” „… direct effect on the Member States’ national legislation as some of the Community legal instruments have …”

The Court of Justice of the European Union and the justiciability of the CFSP S. 265-268

„… whose effect would, in substance, be to amend the Treaties without following the procedure which they …” „… Nevertheless, the decision adopted in exercising the Union’s competence shall be “binding in its entirety”, and …” „… any decision which specifies those to whom it is addressed “shall be binding only on them” (Article …”

The Treaty of Lisbon: the integration of the pillar structure? S. 246-251

„… any legal effect, but rather, that the ordinary legislative procedure consisting of the joint adoption …” „… considered as binding as a general rule or under certain terms (Article 288 TFEU). The TFEU further provides …” „… that the Member States shall adopt all measures of national law necessary to implement legally binding …”

Summary and conclusions S. 283-298

„… Actions and Common Positions do not have a direct binding effect on the Community and its institutions and …” „… financial sanctions) represents an express exception to the rule that Union law has no binding effect on the …” „… . Different commentators pointed out the potential rivalry 1198 A similar effect can be attributed to the …”

Shared external competences S. 41-46

„… between the Community and the Member States, and as binding (paragraphs 49–50). 98 Opinion 1/94, WTO …” „… ")). When it comes to obligations binding the Member States outside the framework of Community law, the ECJ …” „… is a party, as regards the jurisdiction of the ECJ, and that – in giving effect to the provisions of …”

Justiciability of agreements concluded under Article 24 of the TEU S. 203

„… First Pillar.888. This is all the more true when such an agreement has a binding effect on the …”

The principle of subsidiarity S. 27-28

„… a legal person of public law and to this effect it has the necessary legal capacity to exercise its …” „… requirement that thereby follows is that each binding Decision of the Community and the institutions must find …” „… therefore, by reason of the scale or effects of the proposed action, be better achieved by the Community …”

The principle of conferred powers S. 26-27

The conclusion of Interinstitutional Agreements (IIAs) in the TFEU and their influence on the role of the EP within the CFSP. S. 275-276

„… that the IIAs “may be of a binding nature”. This entails that the scope and influence of this …” „… Agreement have the effect of modifying the institutional balance set out in the Treaties in force, according …” „… would have an effect contrary to the interests of the Council and the prerogatives conferred upon it by …”

Economic sanctions in international law S. 204-206

„… legalizing effect.892This is in contrast to economic sanctions imposed by the EU and the Member States, which …” „… effect to a UN Resolution under Chapter VII of the UN-Charter is contrary to the Community legal order …” „… basis of Article 133 of the TEC while in effect being dissociated from the CCP. The arrangement thereby …”

Scope of the European Courts’ jurisdiction under the Treaties establishing the European Communities S. 95-96

„… Pillars are capable of producing binding 364 Judging from early guiding cases, ECJ jurisdiction over …” „… 1994, p. 251. 369 CFSP decisions do not have any direct effect on the Member States’ national …”

Implementing measures and voting procedure S. 182-183

„… Common Strategies in this specific manner, the European Council attempted to generate a binding effect on …”

Is there a Community obligation to finance the CFSP actions? S. 134-136

„… of the TEC, to explicitly convey legal effects of decisions made within the framework of the Union …” „… indicates that Article 268, paragraph 2 of the TEC does not represent a binding arrangement on this issue …” „… finance the CFSP action due to refusal on the part of the Community would necessarily hinder an effective …”

Evaluation of Common Strategies as a cross-pillar instrument S. 183-187

„… generate a binding effect on the Community policies and institutions, it may bring into question the …” „… only identify the Council as responsible for ensuring the unity, consistency and effectiveness of …” „… effectiveness of the CS is recognized in CS-Mediterranean (Article 26). The EP perceived the purpose of …”

The Commission S. 118-124

„… ). 120 Indeed, the Commission’s right to cooperate in the CFSP entails with it duties and binding …” „… ), the necessary request to the Council to that effect shall be first forwarded to the Commission, which …” „… influence and effectively represent the Community’s interests.517 Hence, request (Cremer, In: Calliess …”

Legal instruments and voting procedures under the CFSP S. 268-270

„… competence shall be “binding in its entirety”, and any decision which specifies those to whom it is addressed …” „… “shall be binding only on them” (Article 288, paragraph 4, TFEU). 1150 Crowe 2008, p. 185. 1151 At the …” „… it comes to legally binding matters, the European Council decides on the composition of Heads of …”

The Treaty of Lisbon S. 46-47

„… , in terms of division of legislating and adopting binding acts. These articles, along with others …” „… delineation in the establishing Treaties, it was the ECJ that effectively set out the principles determining …”

Instruments S. 55-56

„… . International law aspects versus Community law order The SEA represented a legally binding international …” „… impairs their effectiveness as a cohesive force in international relations or within international …”

Article 133 of the TEC S. 219-221

„… non-binding character of the respective CFSP Decision on the Community and its institutions.964 Second …” „… develop an effective control system on the import and export of such diamonds into or out of the Community …”

The Council S. 108-115

„… representation does not entail binding consequences in Community subject areas.433 The role that the Presidency …” „… Commission, consistency (as well as unity and effectiveness of the action by the EU), specifically with …” „… adoption.449 Taking into consideration the COREPER composition and the fact that it effectively determines …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231198

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Agreement on the European Economic Area

Finn Arnesen (Hrsg.), Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen (Hrsg.), Hans Petter Graver (Hrsg.), Ola Mestad (Hrsg.), Christoph Vedder (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 104 [Binding effect of EEA Joint Committee decisions] S. 824-825

„… [Binding effect of EEA Joint Committee decisions]Decisions taken by the EEA Joint Committee in the cases …” „… binding onthe Contracting Parties which shall take the necessary steps to ensure their implementa-tion and …” „… application.Art. 104 states that decisions of the EEA Joint Committee are binding on theContracting parties upon …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Ida Sørebø Article 7 [Binding effect and implementation of EU legal acts] S. 248-270

„… the gluethat holds this project together. We should take great care of it.Article 7 [Binding effect …” „… , 3.10.2007, Criminal Proceedings Against A, para. 41.Article 7 Binding effect and implementation of EU legal …” „… Baudenbacher, Handbook of EEA Law, p. 387.Article 7 Binding effect and implementation of EU legal …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 103 [Requirements for binding Joint Committee decisions] S. 819-824

„… asthe transfer of sovereignty.Article 104 [Binding effect of EEA Joint Committee decisions]Decisions …” „… note of the negative effects of suspension, it should be kept inmind, however, that the effect of …” „… suspension of the relevant Annex might not inall cases have serious negative effects for the functioning of …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 107 [Preliminary rulings from the ECJ] S. 837-840

„… answers received from the ECJ under Art. 107 will bebinding, the binding effect is limited to the …” „… the ECJfor a binding preliminary ruling. During the EEA negotiations, the EFTA Statesargued for this …” „… courts and tribunals in the EFTA Stateswere not to be binding.3 According to the ECJ, this would change …”

Christoph Vedder The EEA in the Union’s Legal Order S. 101-124

„… powers, are binding upon the EU under Euro-pean law and create legal effects within the Union’s legal …” „… binding under public international law, it creates legal effects with-in the legal order of the EU. Only …” „… treaty which produces such legal effect.43 SecondaryEEA law consists of the binding decisions adopted by …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 56 [Distribution of competences between the ESA and the Commission] S. 558-563

„… States, and with a binding effect only in the EFTA pillar.There are no specific legal basis in the EEA …” „… across the EF-TA and EU pillar. ESA decisions do not have a binding effect on EU MemberState’s NCAs or …” „… ofcross-pillar binding effect is of little importance, given the relatively clear provi-sions in Art. 56 dividing …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 111 [Dispute resolution in the EEA Joint Committee] S. 865-883

„… Protocol 48. The EEA Joint Committee cannotannul the binding inter partes effect of a final judgment from …” „… binding effect must be limited to the settlement of the dispute thatgave rise to the ruling, but in …” „… award shall be binding on the parties to the dis-pute.Article 111 Dispute resolution in the EEA Joint …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 105 [Homogeneous interpretation of EU and EEA law] S. 825-835

„… binding interpartes effect of a final judgment from the EFTA Court either (principle of resjudicata), but …” „… important than procedural homogeneity, however, was the intro-duction of the effect-related conception of …” „… reach of‘the effect-related branch of the principle of homogeneity’ remains disputed – itis not a magic …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 110 [Enforceability of decisions of the ESA and the Commission and of judgments of the EFTA Court and the EU Courts] Einarsson/FredriksenEnforceability of decisions and judgements S. 860-865

„… with binding effect within the Norwegian legalorder is secured by Section 4 of the EEA Competition Act …” „… fall under the competition rulesof the TFEU. ESA is responsible for cases where there is an effect on …” „… recognise the enforceability ofsuch claims; ii) the legal basis for the binding decision/judgment has been …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 102 [Amendments of Annexes, incooperation of EEA-relevant EU legislation] S. 803-819

„… thisAgreement and take any decision necessary to this effect, including the possibility totake notice of the …” „… shall take effect six months after the end of the period re-ferred to in paragraph 4, but in no event …” „… than3.a)5 Decisions usually take effect upon notification to the addressees, or for decision with no …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 109 [The two-pillar surveillance system] S. 852-860

„… Economic Area852 Tynes1234evolved with the corollary effects on the EEA Agreement challenges to the …” „… morepowers to adopt legally binding decisions. Such decision-making powers extendto both procedural and …” „… autonomous decision making powers, the most pressing two-pillarissue is whether such binding decisions should …”

Finn Arnesen Article 119 [Annexes and Protocols as integral part of the Agreement] S. 912-919

„… havingequivalent effect’ to quantitative restrictions in Art. 11 EEA. The EFTA Courtdid not agree, and held that …” „… effect that no further requirementsof the same kind as foreseen under the implemented EC legislation …” „… 14 and 40 to 43.17 To this effect, Fredriksen, ‘EEA Main Agreement and Seconadry EU Law Incorporated …”

Tarjei Bekkedal Article 59 [Public undertakings, services of general economic interest] S. 568-584

„… effect-ive binding decisions.Consequently, directives issued by the Commission on the basis ofArt. 106(3 …” „… EFTA States may then join therequest for the Commission to examine the case, with the effect that …” „… enact directives or legally binding decisionsaddressed to the EEA States.Within the EU, the application …”

Christian Franklin Article 3 [Principle of loyalty] S. 180-196

„… effective level of its duties or chargeshaving equivalent effect applicable to third countries benefiting …” „… Agreement, or to (presumably) requirethe EFTA States to refrain from acts which might nullify the effects of …” „… and effective-ness of Community law, (…) but also imposes on Member States and the Community …”

Pål Wennerås Article 6 [Homogeneity] S. 209-248

„… those objectives.27 This was underscored by the direct effect and primacyof Community law. The EEA …” „… ., to this effect, Case C-115/14, 17.11.15, Regio Post, para. 67. See also Syrpis, ‘The rela-tionship …” „… of EEAlaw. These opinions are advisory and thus not binding on the national courts.78The system set …”

Tron Løkken Sundet Article 68 [Labour law] S. 664-677

„… binding effect for theparties in the employment relationships.13 This difference in labour law systemsmay …” „… labour market, being legally binding both for the parties to the collectiveagreement and for the members …” „… may also have effects vis-á-vis third parties. In the UK, the collectiveagreements are basically …”

Per Christiansen Article 46 [Exchange of views and information] S. 497-500

„… , policies and prospects. This exchange of views and informa-tion shall take place on a non-binding basis.Art …” „… measures may be useful or necessary.8Cooperation under Art. 46 takes place on a non-binding basis. Other …” „… exchange views on the effects of these obligations on the devel-opment of the economy and of economic and …”

Ernst Nordtveit, Sigrid Eskeland Schütz Article 74 [Protective measures] S. 721-737

„… effects from the Communities’agriculture, transport and regional policies were observed in the early 1980 …” „… ecological status, could contribute to mitigate the ef-fects of floods. The lack of flood risk management led …” „… content, objective, nor effects of a kindthat creates an obligation for the EFTA states to incorporate the …”

Convention establishing the European Free Trade Association EFTA Convention S. 1103-1125

„… Customs duties on imports and exports, and charges havingequivalent effectCustoms duties on imports and …” „… restrictions on imports and exports, andmeasures having equivalent effectQuantitative restrictions on imports …” „… exports, and any charges having equivalent effect, shallbe prohibited between the Member States. This …”

Per Christiansen Article 34 [Advisory opinion] S. 1032-1040

„… established by law, has a permanent existence, ex-ercises binding jurisdiction, applies the rule of law and is …” „… summary of the arguments of the parties.40IX. Effect of an advisory opinionUnlike Art. 267 TFEU, which …” „… This difference inwording entails that the Court’s advisory opinions are not binding as such uponthe …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXXVI

„… ..............................................................Article 102803Requirements for binding Joint Committee decisions ........Article 103 819Binding effect of …” „… the relevant EU legal acts have continuously beenadopted to incorporate EEA law with legal effect as …” „… guidelines (‘softlaw’) or by way of binding decisions. A recent example is the regulations estab-lishing the …”

Ragnhildur Helgadóttir, Margrét Einarsdóttir Iceland and the EEA S. 13-35

„… Implementation Deficit 42V. Legal Effects of EEA Law on Ice-landic Law …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481. No Direct Legal Effect, but Obli-gation to Comply with Principlesof Uniform Interpretation …” „… Agreement. Finally, the legal effect of EEA law in Iceland will be dis-cussed, both regarding direct legal …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 12 [Quantitative restrictions on exports and measures having equivalent effect] Quantitative restrictions on exports S. 299-301

„… on exports and measures havingequivalent effect]Quantitative restrictions on exports and all measures …” „… having equivalent effect shall beprohibited between the Contracting Parties.Art. 12 mirrors the provision …” „… terri-tory, its actual effect is nonetheless greater on goods leaving the market of theexporting Member State …”

Ingvald Falch Article 4 [Non-discrimination on grounds of nationality] S. 196-209

„… , with fewer compulsiveoverarching elements (e.g. non-binding nature of Advisory Opinions, and thefact …” „… e.g. binding the EU Member States where they seek to exercise reserved competenceswithin the context …” „… see also Section 2 below.The effect of Art. 4 is thus, in essence, that for situations governed by …”

Per Andreas Bjørgan Article 5 [Responsibilities and means] S. 987-990

„… ’ turnover in the relevant markets and the potential effect ontrade in the EU. The ECJ has described the EEA …” „… Bjørgan456for most competition cases that have a sufficient cross border effect to be caughtby the EEA …” „… , various provisions in the EEA Agreement laydown a mutually binding obligation for the two surveillance …”

Peter-Christian Müller-Graff Article 77 [Provisions on company law] S. 742-751

„… theavailability of European types of companies. EU-legislation to this effect canbe based on Art. 352 TFEU, which …” „… , name-ly certain Recommendations of the European Commission (which are not bind-ing by their legal nature …” „… binding in EU law (Art. 288(5)3.51 Art. 9(1).52 Recital 6 of Reg. (EC) No 1435/2003.53 Art. 1(3).54 Art …”

Jóhanna Jónsdóttir Article 79 [Dialogue and consultation] S. 754-757

„… Member States in a specific field,the inclusion of this adaptation arguably has limited tangible effect …” „… 755456One area where such an adaptation could have considerable effect is in rela-tion to rules on the …” „… economic operators. Thus, although they are bind-ing, they do not usually require legislative or regulatory …”

Index S. 1125-1141

„… – effectivity I NOR 15– stability I NOR 15EESC II 96 1Effect on trade II 53 29, 61 41 ff., 109 34Effect …” „… of norms II 119 21 ff.– differences in wording II 126 7 ff.– dynamic II 38– effect-related II 28 …” „… – effect-related conception II 38– effect-related understanding II 19– external II 34 5– independence of courts …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 53 [Agreements, decisions and concerted practices] S. 526-546

„… recommendation, even if it has no binding effect, cannot escape Article 85 (1) where compliancewith the …” „… have any effecton the interpretation of the requirement of effect on inter-state trade.In Holship the …” „… object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion ofcompetition within the territory covered by …”

Henrik Bull Article 43 [Protective measures] S. 490-495

„… question of whether the EEAcapital movement provisions have direct effect in the EU legal order, see …” „… 3.3.2.11. As ESA isvested with making decisions that will be directly binding in Norway, a decision …” „… made a declaration in the EEA Joint Committee to this ef-fect, “underlining that the incorporation of …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 36 [Freedom to provide services] S. 450-470

„… in van Binsbergen that Art. 59EEC had direct effect.2 As Art. 36 EEA is in the main part of the …” „… services, which gives theabove-mentioned principle specific expression and effect through Art. 36.6Direct …” „… services under Art. 36 EEAprecludes the application of any national rules which have the effect of …”

Christian Jordal, Gjermund Mathisen Article 62 [Review of State aid through the ESA and the Commission] S. 598-605

„… to noti-fy any state aid measure to ESA before putting the measure into effect, and theState must not …” „… put the measure into effect until ESA has adopted a final decisionauthorising it. The authorisation of …” „… : (i) aid schemes and individual aid which were putinto effect before the entry into force of the EEA …”

Fredrik Bøckman Finstad Norway and the EEA S. 59-80

„… somerelations excludes the instrument’s homogenous legal effect.For Norway’s (and Iceland’s) part, the relevance …” „… Member States. Furthermore, the EEA Agreement, including its sec-ondary law, has direct effect in the EU …” „… to the effect of EEA law in Norway; to a large extent, this fol-lows from the incorporation of the …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 30 [Recognition of diplomas, certificates] S. 391-400

„… given that there is nofree movement involved in these cases. See however, for an interesting effect of …” „… . The EFTACourt sustained ESA’s application to the effect that this was in breach of Art. 31EEA …” „… professions. TheEFTA Court dealt with the legal effects of automatic recognition in the case ofDr A, which …”

Berte-Elen R. Konow Article 72 [Provisions on consumer protection] S. 691-713

„… pro-duce binding effects with regard to the consumer, without also being authorisedto revise the term …” „… ofthe withdrawal period, procedure and effects of the withdrawal), including de-tailed rules on a …” „… binding for the consumer, see Art. 25(1). This directive is imple-mented in § 3(2) of the Norwegian …”

Introduction S. 1-13

„… acceptance for, an effect-related conception of the homo-geneity objective: Homogeneity is a legal principle …” „… ’ relationships to the EU has developed considerably sincethe signing of the EEA Agreement. As a side-effect, the …” „… (not only a political goal)which applies also to the question of the legal effect of EEA law in the …”

Christophe Hillion Article 118 [Extension of the EEA Agreement to new fields] S. 904-912

„… of a revision. The latter would in effect extend the EEA legal sys-tem, including its supranational …” „… Annexes of the Agreement and become binding on the threeEEA EFTA States, like any secondary legislation …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 108 [The ESA and the EFTA Court: Establishment and competences] S. 840-852

„… Court has developed the doctrine of effect-relatedhomogeneity which comprises both substantive and …” „… effect-related homogeneity has proven to be a key factor inthe development of EEA law as a whole. The application …” „… whichwas binding on the EU Member States.3 Therefore, it was recognised at an earlystage of the …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 13 [Exemptions] S. 301-311

„… principle of proportional-ity.9Even if Groenveld is a ruling that is binding on the EEA Contracting …” „… restrictions (see, to that effect, Case C-55/94,30.11.1995, Gebhard [1995] ECR I-4165, para. 37; Case C-243/01 …” „… the ef-fects of measures preventing it from turning into risk are not – see A. Alemanno, ‘The …”

Simen Hammersvik Article 65(1) [Public procurement] S. 612-641

„… uncertain.18 In the case C-91/08 Wall, theECJ held that the rules on free movement are only binding to …” „… undertakingswhich fulfil the following two conditions: first, that the undertaking is effective-ly controlled by the …” „… effect of the direct award was thatundertakings located in other Member States were excluded from the …”

Martin Hennig Article 47 [Scope of application] S. 500-517

„… measures may be useful or necessary.8Cooperation under Art. 46 takes place on a non-binding basis. Other …” „… exchange views on the effects of these obligations on the devel-opment of the economy and of economic and …” „… up and liberalisation of the trans-port sector. However, the negative effects of the exception to the …”

Christian Frommelt Liechtenstein and the EEA S. 35-59

„… direct effect in Liechtenstein.32 This means that ‘it is effective as inter-national law on a national …” „… arrangements . . . 603. Explanations for and effects of tai-lor-made arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 …” „… immediate effect of the accession to the EEA was a fast increase in thenumber of Law Gazettes published per …”

Benedikt Pirker Switzerland and the EEA S. 80-101

„… quantitative restrictions and measures having equiva-lent effect.14 At the same time, EFTA continues to be …” „… Bilateral Agreements, Switzerlandand the EU should be enabled to ask the ECJ for a binding interpretation …” „… has given very limited effect to this reser-vation and a very broad reading to the Directive’s …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 42 [Protocols and Annexes as integral part of the SCA] S. 1051-1056

„… , how-ever, not legally binding on the EFTA State nor company in question. Theserules on direct intervention …” „… firms) established in theEFTA States. The powers to adopt binding decisions correspond to powers withthe …” „… are non-binding on ESA,28that Sec. 115 was applicable.22 Council Reg. (EC) No 139/2004 of 20 January …”

Christophe Hillion Article 128 [Accession to the EEA Agreement] S. 961-968

„… mechani-cal. Indeed, membership in the EU already entails that EEA law, as part of EUlaw, is binding on any …” „… effective participant in the EEA.Indeed, such sub-national entities would still have to meet the other …” „… of the EEA, and for the candidate to operate effec-tively therein. Indeed, the candidate must not …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845275796

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The Arbitrator’s Discretion in Conflict of Laws Matters

Anna M. Lohmann

Reihe: Streitbeilegung und Streitvermeidung im Zivilrecht - Schriftenreihe des Munich Center for Dispute Resolution

Band 10 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

§ 3. Binding Effect of Article 1(1) in International Commercial Arbitration S. 73-165

„… Binding Effect of Article 1(1) in International Commercial Arbitration Are arbitrators bound by …” „… pp. 158 et seqq. § 3. Binding Effect of Article 1(1) in International Commercial Arbitration 74 court …” „… , pp. 111 et seqq. § 3. Binding Effect of Article 1(1) in International Commercial Arbitration 76 be …”

§ 4. Application of Substantive Provisions of the CISG in International Commercial Arbitration S. 166-184

„… considered as being based on law (B.). Binding Effect of Substantive Law Dependent on Party Choice …” „… penalty for non-compliance.586 This limited binding effect of the arbitration agreement warranted giving …” „… Ibid. A. Binding Effect of Substantive Law Dependent on Party Choice 167 until a late stage. However …”

Conclusion S. 185-186

„… Conclusion In conclusion, Article 1(1) of the CISG is not binding on international commercial …” „… CISG, i.e. Article 1(1)(a) and (b), constitutes a unilateral conflict of laws rule that effects the …” „… State (lit. b). 2. Article 1(1) of the CISG is not binding in international commercial arbitration …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-14

„… 2. 71 ConclusionC. 72 Binding Effect of Article 1(1) in International Commercial Arbitration § 3. 73 …” „… in International Commercial Arbitration § 4. 166 Binding Effect of Substantive Law Dependent on Party …” „… ” a) 52 Effect of Article 95 Reservationb) 54 Law Applicable to Opt-Outc) 58 Choice of Lawaa) 58 …”

Introduction S. 15-19

„… is generally the case with uniform laws, the drafters of the CISG wanted to maximize the effect of …” „… Arbitration, ed. 6 2015, p. 157. 7 This is discussed in § 2. 8 The effect of a party choice of law within the …” „… context of the treatment of renvois, the effect of reservations under Article 95 and the law applicable to …”

§ 2. Article 1(1) CISG – Rules of Application S. 33-72

„… States want to exclude the binding effect of a conflict rule, or the binding effect of an internal rule …” „… ) of article 1 of this Convention”.78 The effect of this reservation is a matter of debate, but it will …” „… be shown that determining the legal nature of the Article 1(1)(b) has an impact on this effect, as it …”

Bibliography S. 187-196

„… , Anthony, Modern Treaty Law and Practice, 3rd ed., Cambridge 2013 Babić, Davor, Rome I Regulation: binding …” „… Schwenzer) Mayer, Pierre, Effect of International Public Policy in International Arbitration, in: Mistelis …”

§ 1. The CISG and International Commercial Arbitration S. 20-32

„… contract legislation in effect at the international level”.36 UNCITRAL has taken steps to ensure the …” „… effect within the territory of the individual States depends on the constitution of the respective State …” „… approach, on the other hand, requires domestic legislation to give effect to rights and obligations created …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748928560

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Single Common Market Organisation

Rudolf Moegele, Friedrich Erlbacher

2011

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Binding effect of agreements and concerted practices on non members in the tobacco sector S. 794-795

„… deducted my interpretation. Article 178 Binding effect of agreements and concerted practices on non members …” „… their agreements or concerted practices be made binding for a limited period on individuals and groups …”

f Extension of rules S. 557-562

„… rules binding on producers established in that economic area who do not belong to the producer …” „… XVIa; (c) are made binding for no more than three marketing years. However, the condition referred to …” „… and, from 1 January 2009, by Regulation (EC) No 834/2007. 4. The rules which are made binding on all …”

g Notification S. 562-563

„… . 125f(4)(c) provides that the rules that are made binding to non-members shall not be incompatible with …” „… forthwith of the rules which they have made binding on all producers in a specific economic area pursuant to …” „… h, Member States have to notify the Commission of the rules which they have made binding. 2 The …”

Agreements and concerted practices in the tobacco sector S. 793-794

„… agreements are provided for but could well be deducted my interpretation. Article 178 Binding effect of …” „… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm nevertheless has ex-tunc effect in cases where the initial …” „… ex-tunc effect where the interbranch organisation has “abused the exemption”. It is not clear, however, in …”

Specific rules S. 675-690

„… Administration Methods: Economics and Effects with Trade Liberalisation, in: Agriculture and the WTO: creating a …” „… tariff quotas generally constitute binding commitments, except for the autonomous quotas. These latter …” „… perishable ones. Another potential effect of such quota management is that it incites operators to try to …”

Organisation of the Management Committee S. 874-887

„… . 612) to the effect that implementing powers conferred on the Commission may well allow or require it …” „… primary role of the Member States in the implementation of EU law or more precisely “legally binding Union …” „… legislative act based on Art. 43(2) TFEU such as the sCMO Regulation but also by legally binding …”

k Recognition and withdrawal of recognition S. 567-571

„… . 1. 9 See von Rintelen, Art. 123, point 4. 10 For the effect of such a request see von Rintelen, Art …” „… interbranch organisation, make binding some of the agreements, decisions or concerted practices agreed on …” „… geographical indications; (b) shall have been in force for at least one marketing year; (c) may be made binding …”

h Repeal of the extension of rules S. 563-565

„… States have to notify the Commission of the rules which they have made binding. 2 The Commission shall …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 III. Effects of the Commission Decision …” „… extension of rules has cross-border effects. 2. Objectives of Art. 39 TFEU endangered 4Since the special …”

Management of tariff quotas opened by third countries S. 769-771

„… they take place after the filing by the exporter of a binding request for refund. Moreover, if this …” „… would not be the case, the deterrent effect of the sanctions prescribed by Art. 48 of Regulation (EC) No …” „… circumstances, the transmission of an export declaration by fax has no real effect on the correct functioning of …”

Implementing rules S. 765-769

„… ECJ held it imperative that they take place after the filing by the exporter of a binding request for …” „… refund. Moreover, if this would not be the case, the deterrent effect of the sanctions prescribed by Art …” „… has no real effect on the correct functioning of the system of refunds.”15 20 After the products have …”

Sugar Protocol commitments S. 700-703

„… effect from the 1st of October 2009. At present, in accordance with Art. 36 of the ACP-EC Partnership …” „… reference price (on a c.i.f. basis) … as well as a binding document relating to the transaction and signed …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 528-534

„… Articles 176a and 177, from a systematic point of view Art. 178, which governs the binding effect of …” „… and that have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition …” „… fulfilled. 16 This view would have the effect that – with the exception of cases covered by Articles 176a …”

Transfers of quotas together with land S. 268-275

„… effects for the producers, in accordance with detailed rules to be determined by the Member States, taking …” „… accordance with paragraph 1 by means of rural leases or by other means involving comparable legal effects …” „… situations involving comparable legal effects, the individual quotas in question shall be transferred in …”

Production charge S. 190-197

„… 10; (v) partial11 compensation to sugar beet growers for the effect of the reductions in the sugar …” „… non-binding framework by which the sugar manufacturers may require sugar beet or sugar cane growers to bear up …” „… retroactive effect the sugar production levies previously set by the above-mentioned Commission Regulations …”

Commentary on Arts 180–182a S. 799-820

„… regime: Distortive Effects of State aid on Competition and Trade 2006; Faull, Nikpay (eds), The EC Law of …” „… . Art. 1(3) sCMO. 21 With the effect from 1 December 2009, Arts 87 and 88 TEC have become Arts 107 and …” „… incentive effect52 of the aid, consistency with common agricultural53 and rural development54 policies and …”

Controls and administrative measures and administrative penalties and their reporting S. 863-870

„… include common rules to this effect.6 Where no such common rules exist, however, the recourse by Member …” „… Commission to adopt binding control, penalty and recovery provisions. Art. 194 is a relatively new provision …” „… be effective in order to achieve the aim of the circumvention clause and are to be applied in the …”

Financial provisions S. 844-858

„… set out in a legally binding Union act (Art. 310(3) TFEU) unless provided otherwise in the Financial …” „… coordinating body is expressly designed to be the Commission’s sole interlocutor to the effect that the …” „… , which has, or would have, the effect of prejudicing the general budget of the EU or budgets managed by …”

Security S. 625-638

„… and that such system set up by a Member State “must be held to be a measure having an effect …” „… is not binding for Member States. VIII. Procedure 26 Pursuant to Arts 134 and 161(3), the Commission …” „… for which products falling in the listed sectors a licence is to be effectively required. By using …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XLII

„… .................................................................... 209 VI. Continuous reforms of the CAP and their effect on the CMOs …” „… products allow European farm products to be present effectively on the world market. In the same vein we …”

Single CMO Regulation and WTO rules S. 586-614

„… Round without exception. In addition, countries made binding commitments to reduce or eliminate tariffs …” „… ) actionable, if causing adverse effects to other Members. The agreement also includes rules on the use of …” „… any charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty, and of the application of any quantitative …”

General introduction S. 24-44

„… concept of “legally binding Union acts” (e.g. Art. 291 TFEU). Quite obviously, whilst not being of a …” „… “legislative” nature, acts adopted by the Council under Art. 43(3) TFEU would be legally binding given that the …” „… Council is called upon to “take measures” which, by their very nature (fixing prices etc.) are binding …”

o Recognition S. 576-580

„… , both over time and in terms of effectiveness and concentration of supply; (v) effectively enables its …” „… inter-branch organisations binding on a group of addressees larger than just the organisation’s members thereby …”

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Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights - Effects and Implementation

Anja Seibert-Fohr (Hrsg.), Mark E. Villiger (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Studies of the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for International, European and Regulatory Procedural Law

Band 2 2014

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Mark E. Villiger Binding Effect and Declaratory Nature of the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights: An Overview S. 33-38

„… Binding Effect and Declaratory Nature of the Judgments of theEuropean Court of Human Rights: An …” „… Convention on Human Rights.The starting points are the binding effects and the declaratory nature of …” „… Jaeger (2011), 163.Binding Effect and Declaratory Nature of the Judgments of the ECtHR: An Overview35 …”

Anja Seibert-Fohr, Mark E. Villiger Current Challenges in European Multilevel Human Rights Protection S. 13-24

„… should be taken” in order to give effect tothe rights of the ECHR.4 See, e.g., M. E. Villiger, Binding …” „… , instead, assesses the binding effects of ECtHR judgments(Part II) and the scope and reach of damages (Part …” „… Protection15Binding Effects and Declaratory Nature of ECtHR JudgmentsImplementation is determined by the …”

Jacek Chlebny How a National Judge Implements Judgments of the Strasbourg Court S. 237-250

„… judgehas to grant direct effect to the provisions of the ECHR. It is emphasizedthat the Constitution of …” „… party. Article46 (1) ECHR on binding force and execution of judgments says that Contracting Parties …” „… provides for a binding forceof the Court judgment only between the parties” (binding force interpartes).4 …”

Hans-Joachim Cremer Prescriptive Orders in the Operative Provisions of Judgments by the European Court of Human Rights: Beyond res judicanda? S. 39-58

„… controversy is settled with binding judicial force – i.e., by a judgment havingres judicata effect.39judgment …” „… Judgment, supra note 25, paras. 191-192.81 M. E. Villiger, Binding Effect and Declaratory Nature of the …” „… Courtseems to need the competence to make a ‘consequential order’ and therebydetermine with binding force how …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… SpielmannBinding Effects and Declaratory Nature of ECtHRJudgmentsII.Binding Effect and Declaratory Nature of the …” „… – Effects and ImplementationStudies of the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for International, European and …” „… Human Rights – Effects and ImplementationNomosBUT_Seibert Fohr_1869-6.indd 3 12.11.14 11:01 …”

Derek Walton Subsidiarity and the Brighton Declaration S. 193-206

„… judgmentsagainst other States, national courts can more effectively give effect to theConvention at the national …” „… significant number of potentially well-founded cases. If the backlog was to be addressed effectively,these …” „… is both acknowledged and reinforced.This provision of the Brighton Declaration was given effect by …”

Almut Wittling-Vogel The Role of the Legislative Branch in the Implementation of the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights S. 59-74

„… not be prevented bytaking on an erga omnes effect.Every Contracting State must itself recognize and …” „… : EMRK-Kommentar, 3rd ed. (2009), 602, 604,para. 7 and J. A. Frowein, The Binding Force of ECHR Judgments and its …” „… the case law of the ECtHR was not binding on them.Cf. C. Steinbeiß-Winkelmann & G. Ott, Rechtsschutz …”

Péter Kovács International Law in the Recent Jurisprudence of the Hungarian Constitutional Court: Opening of a New Tendency? S. 251-266

„… stipulate generally binding rules ofconduct subject to the conditions set out in paragraph (2).(4) The …” „… constitutional control of anew taxation policy with retroactive effect in matters of exaggerated bonusesof people …” „… well as from Articles E and Q of the Fundamental Law binding the legislativeand constituent power …”

Dean Spielmann Keynote Address S. 25-32

„… , their effects and their implementation. I applaud theorganizers’ desire to have a transnational …” „… Article 46 (1) provides. Yet that fails to capturethe true potency of the Court’s rulings. Its binding …” „… in the Court’s case-law. Where this is done,it has the effect of – if I can put it this way …”

Julia Laffranque Can’t Get Just Satisfaction S. 75-114

„… Laffranque96an end to the violation found by the Court and to redress, in so far as possible,the effects …” „… failingcompletely. However, as the effects of the enlargement of the Council ofEurope began to be felt and following …” „… fixed time in co-operation with the Committee of Ministers a binding time-frame within which to adopt …”

Angelika Nußberger Subsidiarity in the Control of Decisions Based on Proportionality: An Analysis of the Basis of the Implementation of ECtHR Judgments into German Law S. 165-186

„… effort in understanding the effects of thetransfer of legal concepts from one legal system to another one …” „… effects of the integration of new elements into alegal system from outside. Thus he argues that the …” „… ”, but also “law’s binding arrangements”; their original meaning is transformed and newly set upin a …”

Linos-Alexander Sicilianos The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in the Execution of its own Judgments: Reflections on Article 46 ECHR S. 285-316

„… operative part of the judgment.42 The binding character of the measures prescribed by the Court is stronger …” „… thesubstantive measures but the submission of “a binding time frame in which to makeavailable preventive and …” „… . 69; The Effect of Reservations on the Entry Into Force of theAmerican Convention on Human Rights …”

Thomas Giegerich The Struggle by the German Courts and Legislature to Transpose the Strasbourg Case Law on Preventive Detention into German Law S. 207-236

„… Sicherungsverwahrung Regime since1998 with Retroactive EffectWhile the Sicherungsverwahrung as such can rather easily …” „… life obviously also loses all theother human rights with immediate effect.2 If the State detains …” „… their prison term. Those stricter newrules were given retroactive effect – they also applied to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845259345

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Decisions of the Bundesverfassungsgericht - Federal Constitutional Court - Federal Republic of Germany

Federal Constitutional Court (Hrsg.)

2013

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

BVerfGK 5, 161 Order of the First Chamber of the First Senate of 5 April 2005 – 1 BvR 1664/04 “Görgülü III case” Binding effect of a decision of the European Court of Human Rights – constitutional requirements placed on the removal of a child from its foster family S. 724-731

„… Human Rights, it held, did not alter the domestic legal position, nor did it have a binding effect in …” „… possible to establish “even an indirect binding effect, the existence 725 of which might at most be …” „… complaint is the question of the binding effect of the decision of the European Court of Human Rights, the …”

BVerfGK 4, 339 Order of the Third Chamber of the First Senate of 28 December 2004 – 1 BvR 2790/04 “Görgülü II case” Arbitrary review of an unappealable arrangement for access – binding effect of a decision of the European Court of Human Rights – weighing of consequences with regard to contact in the form of access S. 714-723

„… was pronounced in response to this decision, the binding effect of a decision of the European Court of …” „… December 2004 – 14 WF 236/04 – here: application for a temporary injunction RULING: 1. The effect of the …” „… reinterpreting to this effect the complaint, which in this context is of lower priority in the statutory …”

BVerfGE 111, 307 Order of the Second Senate of 14 October 2004 – 2 BvR 1481/04 “Görgülü I case” Obligation to take into account the European Convention on Human Rights and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, and the limits of such obligation, in the context of the principle that the judge is bound by statute and law (Article 20.3 of the Basic Law) S. 694-713

„… question of the independence of the court, but of a specific binding effect of the decision of the ECHR …” „… domestic law, including fundamental rights and constitutional guarantees (1.). The binding effect of a …” „… their jurisdiction and without violating the binding effect of statute and law (Article 20.3 of the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… an unappealable arrangement for access – binding effect of a decision of the European Court of Human …” „… ” Binding effect of a decision of the European Court of Human Rights – constitutional requirements placed on …” „… Basic Law is a fundamental provision (binding value decision) and currently binding constitutional law 1 …”

BVerfGE 6, 55 Order of the First Senate of 17 January 1957 – 1 BvL 4/54 “Taxation of households case” Article 6.1 of the Basic Law is a fundamental provision (binding value decision) and currently binding constitutional law S. 1-19

„… fundamental provision, i.e. a binding value determination pertaining to that entire realm of private and …” „… currently binding for the legislature insofar as it prohibits any encroachment on marriage and the family by …” „… Fuisting-Strutz, Komm. z. (preuß.) EStG, 8th ed., 1915, note 2 re § 10, p. 458); since from then on, in effect …”

BVerfGE 105, 313 Judgment of the First Senate of 17 July 2002 – 1 BvF 1, 2/01 “Civil Partnerships Act case” Correction of an adopted bill; right of approval of the Bundesrat; compatibility with Articles 6.1, 3.1, 3.3 sentence 1 and 14.1 of the Basic Law S. 541-576

„… desire to live in a legally binding partnership (Buba/ Vaskovics, Benachteiligung gleichgeschlechtlich …” „… marriage in their effects to the pacte civil de solidarité (PACS) in France with its possibility of the …” „… registration of same-sex and differentsex partnerships, which has fewer legal effects than marriage and can be …”

BVerfGE 127, 132 Order of the First Senate of 21 July 2010 – 1 BvR 420/09 “Case regarding custody rights of fathers of children born out of wedlock” Decision regarding the parental right of the father of a child born out of wedlock; incompatibility of § 1626a.1 no. 1 and § 1672.1 of the Civil Code with Article 6.2 of the Basic Law S. 826-851

„… child had a person who could act for the child with legally binding effect. In view of the diversity of …” „… there was one person who could act for the child with legally binding effect (see ECHR, Zaunegger v …” „… that the paternity of the unmarried father is established with legally binding effect. In the concrete …”

BVerfGE 31, 58 Order of the First Senate of 4 May 1971 – 1 BvR 636/68 “Spaniard case” Validity of fundamental rights (here: Article 6.1 of the Basic Law) for German international private law; freedom of marriage (act of marriage between a Spanish man and a German woman divorced by a German court) S. 100-121

„… private law, without such binding effect, that the competent German public authorities apply foreign law …” „… law. Neither could the reference to the legal effect of a divorce decree issued to two German …” „… nationals provide the grounds for such a violation. As the German legislature declared foreign law binding …”

BVerfGE 108, 82 Order of the First Senate of 9 April 2003 – 1 BvR 1493/96, 1724/01 “Biological father case” Decision regarding the legal position of the (putative) natural, but not legal, father and the constitutionality of §§ 1600 and 1685 of the Civil Code and § 1711 of the Civil Code old S. 642-668

„… and through this expresses with binding legal effect that he is prepared to take on the responsibility …” „… on parental responsibility with legally binding effect. 3. Article 6.2 sentence 1 of the Basic Law …” „… basis of it. If it corresponds to the statutory presumption, this gives it its legally binding nature …”

BVerfGE 22, 93 Order of the First Senate of 7 June 1967 – 1 BvR 76/62 “Maintenance I case” Taking Article 6.1 of the Basic Law into account in determining the maintenance of spouses living apart S. 40-44

„… rights asserted (BVerfGE 18, 85 (92)). Article 6.1 and Article 3.2 of the Basic Law constitute binding …” „… effect of the division of duties in marriage. 43 b) If one assesses the decision challenged in its full …” „… account the continuing effect of the division of labour in the marriage when, with consideration for the …”

BVerfGE 107, 150 Judgment of the First Senate of 29 January 2003 – 1 BvL 20/99, 1 BvR 933/01 “Case regarding parental custody for children born out of wedlock” § 1626a of the Civil Code is currently compatible with Article 6.2 and 6.5 of the Basic Law, lack of a transitional arrangement for old cases is unconstitutional S. 611-632

„… birth the child has a person who can act for the child with legally binding effect. In view of the …” „… legally binding effect. In view of the diversity of living conditions into which children born out of …” „… contact between the child in question and both parents, and to alleviate the adverse effects on the child …”

Index S. 937-956

„… – decisions of 703 · binding effect 700, 706 · taking into account 694, 706 – individual application 697 …” „… , 276, 282 · entry-limiting effect 274-275 · entry-limiting measures 274 · to join family members in the …” „… protective effects offered by Article 6.1 of the Basic Law vis-à-vis residency law 259-260, 263, 278-279 …”

BVerfGE 115, 259 Order of the First Senate of 28 March 2006 – 1 BvL 10/01 “Maternity protection period case” Incompatibility with Article 6.4 of the Basic Law of the employment promotion law in force between 1998 and 2002, according to which periods in which mothers interrupted employment requiring the payment of social security contributions because of the prohibitions under maternity protection law were not taken into account in the calculation of the qualifying period for receiving unemployment benefit S. 747-758

„… in statutory unemployment insurance. I. 1. Article 6.4 of the Basic Law contains a binding mandate …” „… continue in effect; this also serves to protect the unborn child. The detailed drafting of the special …”

BVerfGE 76, 1 Order of the Second Senate of 12 May 1987 – 2 BvR 1226/83, 101, 313/84 “Entry of aliens to join family members living in the Federal Republic” Waiting periods for the entry of aliens (Turkish and Yugoslavian nationals) to join family members living in the Federal Republic of Germany S. 245-286

„… against the denial of the residency permit; at the same time, they applied for suspensive effect for their …” „… effect for their appeal. The Court held that complainant 2)’s application was inadmissible; her objection …” „… was said to have suspensive effect in the concrete case. Complainant 1)’s application was held to be …”

BVerfGE 99, 145 Order of the Second Senate of 29 October 1998 – 2 BvR 1206/98 “Hague Child Abduction Convention case” Hague Child Abduction Convention; accommodation of the best interests of the child in the special case of converse child return applications S. 386-401

„… reason of a judicial or administrative decision, or by reason of an agreement having legal effect under …” „… euros and having exclusive jurisdiction for family matters] awarded an injunction to the effect that …” „… in accordance with Article 59.2 of the Basic Law have become legally binding by virtue of a law …”

BVerfGE 103, 242 Judgment of the First Senate of 3 April 2001 – 1 BvR 1629/94 “Long-term care insurance case” Long-term care insurance contributions for childcaring and child-raising members of social longterm care insurance S. 491-514

„… effect” feared by the legislature. The contribution made by parents to funding long-term care insurance …” „… progressive taxation and to exemption of the minimum income from tax. Strict binding of long-term care …” „… incomes. The assessment limit in long-term care insurance was said, by contrast, to have the effect of an …”

BVerfGE 53, 224 Judgment of the First Senate of 28 February 1980 – 1 BvL 136/78, 1 BvR 890/77, 1300, 1440/78, 32/79 “Divorce law case” Dissolution of marriage according to the new law because of breakdown of marriage – also irrefutably presumed after three-year separation –; application to “prior marriages”; hardship clause S. 138-155

„… . There were also said to be no sufficient standards which were binding in each case for when the conduct …” „… calculated to destroy the marriage. The consequential effects after separation and divorce include the …”

Appendix The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany S. 852-936

„… rights – Legally binding force of basic rights] (1) Human dignity shall be inviolable. To respect and …” „… (2) of this Article may, when a state of defence is in effect, be assigned by or pursuant to a law to …” „… Land with redefined boundaries shall take effect if the change is approved by a majority in the future …”

BVerfGE 107, 205 Judgment of the First Senate of 12 February 2003 – 1 BvR 624/01 “Family insurance case” The constitutionality of family insurance (§ 10 of the Fifth Book of the Code of Social Law) S. 633-641

„… Article 6.1 of the Basic Law. a) Article 6.1 of the Basic Law requires as an binding value determination …” „… in which such social compensation is to be effected. Concrete claims in respect of specific state …” „… point of view that more effective protection is provided in a marriage for the health insurance cover of …”

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Rechtskraft des Schiedsspruchs

Dorothee Klement

Reihe: Successful Dispute Resolution

Band 6 2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Summary S. 326-336

„… ). The resulting binding effects of arbitral awards are described in terms of the doctrine of res …” „… effect between the parties as a final and binding court judgment. However, the terminological equation in …” „… respect of the binding effects of arbitral awards and court judgments must not conceal the differences …”

Fünftes Kapitel: Rechtskraft des Schiedsspruchs in Schiedsverfahren S. 213-280

„… and immediate res judicata effect, even if the first arbitral award is final and binding […].”). 822 …” „… any state. Arbitration in short, is an effective way of obtaining a final and binding decision on a …” „… conclusive and preclusive effects in further arbitral proceedings. 2. The conclusive and preclusive effects …”

Einleitung S. 23-29

„… effect12 oder von conclusive and preclusive effects of arbitral awards13 die Rede ist. Ein autonomer …” „… “ sei („shall be recognized as binding“); worin die Bindungswirkung besteht, ist umstritten geblieben …” „… equated to res judicata effects of judgments of state courts and, thus, may be treated differently than …”

Drittes Kapitel: Geltungsgrund des Schiedsspruchs S. 115-160

„… Schiedsspruchs in sich 456 Section 58 Arbitration Act (1996): „Effect of award. (1) Unless otherwise agreed by …” „… the parties, an award made by the tribunal pursuant to an arbitration agreement is final and binding …” „… the same effect. [...]”. 458 Section 66 Arbitration Act 1996: „Enforcement of the award. [...] Drittes …”

Erstes Kapitel: Funktion und Legitimation der Rechtskraft S. 30-86

„… , General Principles, S. 338 („The binding effect of the award is thus inherent in the very institution of …” „… , Effects of Judgments, Int. Enc. Comp. Law, XVI, Kap. 9 Rn. 6; van de Velden, Finality of Litigation, S. 20 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845287751

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Das soft law der europäischen Organisationen - The Soft Law of European Organisations - La soft law des organisations européennes

Jean-François Flauss (Hrsg.), Julia Iliopoulos-Strangas (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Societas Iuris Publici Europaei (SIPE)

Band 7 2012

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Enzo Cannizzaro, Emanuele Rebasti Soft law in the EU legal order S. 208-233

„… feature of being deprived of binding effect. Legal scholarship devoted a certain amount of attention to …” „… more inclined to accept rules deprived of binding effect than classical commitments which can be …” „… interesting to note that, despite the lack of formal binding force, a number of indirect legal effects have …”

Daniel Sarmiento European Soft Law and National Authorities: Incorporation, Enforcement and Interference S. 254-297

„… opinions, “shall have no binding effect”.5 Indeed, Recommendations and Opinions are standard instruments of …” „… not intended to produce binding effects and are not capable of creating rights that individuals can …” „… where they are designed to supplement binding [Union] provisions".14 This mandate displays its effects …”

Vassilios Christianos Soft Law in the European Union : Effectiveness and efficiency through the Court of Justice of the European Union – Statement – S. 326-331

„… Treaty provisions with regard to introducing non binding requirements. Has soft law legal effects and …” „… , an interpretative communication is not a measure which produces binding legal effects vis-à-vis third …” „… law has binding force; the considerable bulk of soft law instruments does not increase their binding …”

Allan Rosas Soft Law and the European Court of Justice S. 304-325

„… binding act or decision. Nor does the concept of direct effect seem to fit into the context of soft law.7 …” „… direct effect in the Union legal order. To the extent that it is to be considered as binding, it is …” „… category of norms which are laid down in instruments devoid of legally binding force in the strict sense …”

Guenter Schirmer Goals and Functions of European Soft Law – Statement – S. 198-207

„… effect that is by definition not legally binding, but nevertheless exists in actual fact. 6 See Rules of …” „… question of substance which it is empowered to put into effect, or an expression of view for which it alone …” „… , some take effect directly at the time of accession. An example can be drawn from the accession of …”

Jürgen Schwarze Soft Law im Recht der Europäischen Union S. 234-253

„… principle, have no legally binding force but which, nevertheless, may have practical effects”.11 Ähnlich …” „… attributed legally binding force as such, but nevertheless may have certain (indirect) legal effects, and …” „… law concerns the rules of conduct which find themselves on the legally non-binding level (…) but which …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-25

„… nature and binding effects as well as its juxtaposition with hard law, soft law is still an open topic …” „… for informal non-binding agreements, such as resolutions, declarations, statements or directives, it …” „… Effectiveness and Efficacy through National Authorities Effectivité et efficacité via les autorités nationales …”

Mihaela Ailincai Le suivi du respect de la soft law au sein du Conseil de l’Europe S. 84-103

„… […] argued that a persistent violation even of non-binding resolutions could amount to a disregard of …” „… , « The Internal and External Effects of Resolutions by International Organizations », Heidelberg Journal …” „… contrôle, effectué par le GRECO, de la mise en œuvre des Principes directeurs du Conseil de l’Europe pour …”

Jörg Polakiewicz Finalités et fonctions de la soft law européenne L’expérience du Conseil de l'Europe S. 160-197

„… Non-Binding Norms in the International Legal System, 2000, p.13. 13 Exemples récents : Recommandation Rec …” „… .), Commitment and Compliance. The Role of Non-Binding Norms in the International Legal System, 2000, p.30-31 ; G …” „… Compliance with Soft Law » in D. SHELTON (dir.), Commitment and Compliance. The Role of Non-Binding Norms in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845235851

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Staatszerfall und Governance

Marianne Beisheim (Hrsg.), Gunnar Folke Schuppert (Hrsg.), Marianne Beisheim (Hrsg.), Gunnar Folke Schuppert (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Schriften zur Governance-Forschung

Band 7 2007

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Lisa Chauvet, Paul Collier What Constrains Turnarounds in Fragile States? S. 221-235

„… and Collier6) Model Effect of relevant explanatory variables Information on the type of binding …” „… knowledge Society Binding constraint is society-wide knowledge 227 what interventions are effective in …” „… observed differential effectiveness of interventions to infer what constraints must have been binding. This …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845201009

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Caucasus, the EU and Russia - Triangular Cooperation?

Michèle Knodt (Hrsg.), Sigita Urdze (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Arbeitskreises Europäische Integration e.V.

Band 92 2016

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Michèle Knodt, Sigita Urdze The European Union’s external democracy promotion in the South Caucasus: Explaining European actions S. 99-120

„… picture. We find effects only for those legally binding measures that are directed solely at Armenia …” „… effect: (1) The EU is pressured by the public awareness of EU citizens to react more clearly towards …” „… rights’ violations. Both effects likewise shape the first hypothesis: H1: The stronger the human rights …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845257402

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Die Herausforderung von Grenzen - Le défi des frontières - Challenging boundaries

Astrid Epiney (Hrsg.), Marcel Haag (Hrsg.), Andreas Heinemann (Hrsg.)

2007

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Anne Peters Typology, Utility and Legitimacy of European Soft Law S. 405-428

„… acts with legally binding effect, not forseen in Art. 38 ICJ-Statute, has been recognized by the PCIJ …” „… legal effects are diverse and which are less than simply and fully legally binding on the Member States …” „… . . . . They have no binding legal effect but in practice they influence conduct. . . . The concept of ›soft …”

Alison McDonnell The Hierarchy of Norms in EU Law – Empowering and controlling the Commission S. 372-386

„… found that even in international law, there was a limit to the binding effect of resolutions of the UN …” „… principles are: »binding Union law takes precedence over national law«; »secondary Union law has to respect …” „… literature on primacy and direct effect, on the relationship between the legal orders, and on …”

John Usher The Court of Justice of the EU and the Jurisdiction of other International Tribunals S. 599-610

„… derived from international law in so far as they are binding upon the Member States – in effect therefore …” „… directly effective. While the concept of direct effect may hardly seem to be relevant in a direct action …” „… the adoption of provisions whose real effect would be to amend the Treaty without following the …”

Ruth Lapidoth Some Reflections on the Term Exterritoriality S. 543-547

„… phenomena, such as legislation for citizens of the state who are abroad (extraterritorial effect of …” „… in whose territory the acts are to be performed or have an effect. 1 * Professor emeritus of …” „… ., Cambridge University Press, 2003, pp. 611-620; Werner Meng, »Extraterritorial Effects of Administrative …”

Francis Jacobs Between Luxembourg and Strasbourg: Dialogue between the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice S. 205-214

„… all purposes throughout the European Union; it will be, if the Constitution comes into force, binding …” „… Human Rights? Clearly that case-law is not formally binding in European Union law – nor indeed is the …” „… Justice, as it is by national courts, even though it may not be formally binding on them under national …”

Kieran St. C. Bradley Delegated Legislation and Parliamentary Supervision in the European Community S. 286-301

„… law necessary to implement legally binding Union acts« (emphasis added). The fact that the French …” „… well a large part of the political impetus and, in effect, the timetable for their adoption, was …” „… »[where] uniform conditions for implementing legally binding Union acts are needed«; the exercise of such …”

Petros C. Mavroidis It’s alright ma, I’m only bleeding (A comment on the Fedon jurisprudence of the Court of First Instance) S. 548-558

„… the ECJ, where the Court moved away from direct effect-type of considerations to evaluate the …” „… , among other things, disciplines on its trade instruments: following negotiations to this effect, a …” „… ceiling will be imposed on the level of tariffs (for example, 5 % ad valorem on bananas). Tariff bindings …”

Jiří Zemánek The European Arrest Warrant at the Czech Constitutional Court: fundamental rights not affected S. 831-842

„… 190, 18.7.2002; it has taken effect since 1.1.2004 (with exception of Italy), for the new Member …” „… (with delayed effect of 18 months), justifying its decision by incompatibility of the act with the …” „… it the monistic approach of the Constitution (Article 10) to binding international treaties …”

Peter L. Vesterdorf Democracy, efficiency and the European Union S. 175-196

„… binding effect vis-à-vis the Council.14 Even if the Constitutional treaty were ratified by all Member …” „… problems. A side effect of this is that some legal commentators say and politicians complain that the …” „… Court of Justice is too activist.8 One effect of the inability of the Union to act, as a result of the …”

Frank Emmert Market Economy, Democracy, or Rule of Law – What Would You Pick, if You Had to Choose? S. 104-116

„… Working Paper No. 1672, January 2006, available at SSRN; and Larry Sirowy & Alex Inkeles, The Effects of …” „… effects on growth while multilateral aid, provided in the context of different donor motives and under …” „… different conditions, basically offsets the positive effects of bilateral aid; see Rati Ram, Roles of …”

Bruno Nascimbene European Citizenship and Third-Country Nationals. Recent Trends on the Definition of the European Status Civitatis S. 704-722

„… justiciable, since the Charter does not itself constitute a binding text under Community law and the law of …” „… the measures adopted to give it effect). The right to freedom of movement goes hand in hand with …” „… Member State to restrict the effects of the grant of the nationality of another Member State by imposing …”

Thomas Cottier, Samuele Scarpelli Die Legitimität des Europarechts S. 37-53

„… Scarpelli sion of all adults subject to the binding collective decision of the association«). Erfüllt ein …” „… : effektive Mitwirkung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger (»effective participation of the citizens«8 …” „… 24.10.2006); Fritz Scharpf, Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic?, 1999, 6 ff.; Marcus Höreth, Die …”

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Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

Andreas Fischer-Lescano (Hrsg.), Hans-Peter Gasser (Hrsg.), Thilo Marauhn (Hrsg.), Natalino Ronzitti (Hrsg.)

2008

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Ruth Lapidoth The legal effect of Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006) on cessation of hostilities in Lebanon S. 199-204

„… The legal effect of Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006) on cessation of hostilities in Lebanon …” „… . The purpose of this article is only to examine the legal effect of the resolution, and we will not …” „… resolution is a recommendation or a binding decision. In order to answer this question, we have first to …”

Christian Tomuschat Pacta sunt servanda S. 1059-1078

„… the summit of the pyramid of public authorities, called the binding effect of treaties into question …” „… lightly in general, denying them the specific binding effect of norms of international law. It is …” „… meaningless, given the simple truth that by their very nature treaties must be binding – since otherwise they …”

Rainer Hofmann International Protection of Human Rights and International Territorial Administration: A Legal Black Hole S. 135-154

„… binding judgements; the UN, again based on pertinent resolutions of the UNSC adopted under the provisions …” „… , with a direct effect on the (human) rights of individuals, this situation seems to be about to change …” „… order of a State – adopting and executing administrative and other acts which have an immediate effect …”

Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov The End of Contractual Disarmament? S. 345-350

„… armaments, with failure to bring into effect several other regimes, and with a partial paralysis of …” „… . Several proposals to add binding force to them have yet to be put to life. In the meantime it might be …” „… analysis may have a certain deterrent effect. There is also a treaty 3 For a sobering discussion of …”

Mary Ellen O’Connell Defending the Law against Preemptive Force S. 249-260

„… Hungary was, in effect, conquest. Hungary did, however, keep its sovereign state- O’Connell …” „… often violated, no one doubts that such norms are legally binding. There is no discussion that human …” „… accepted as binding law by the time of the case.36 The Court further found that Articles 2(4) and 51 …”

Sabine Schlemmer-Schulte Sovereign Debt: The Argentine Bonds Case S. 985-1030

„… effect in the United States.41 Generally, commercial activity within the meaning of the act is one …” „… held by the plaintiff bank had a direct effect in the United States where US dollars were to be the …” „… . 1994) (finding of a direct effect in the United States under the commercial activity exception to the …”

Allan Rosas EU Primary Law as Substantive Law S. 969-984

„… ) and declared legally binding by the TEU, as modified by the Reform Treaty of 2007 (see infra, notes 7 …” „… constitutional principles of EU law, such as direct effect, primacy (supremacy), respect for fundamental rights …” „… the Charter becomes written and binding primary law (supposing that the Reform Treaty enters into …”

Rüdiger Wolfrum The Protection of the Environment through International Courts and Tribunals S. 819-830

„… compulsory. The Conciliation Commission renders an award which is not binding. It is somewhat surprising …” „… agreements require complex national measures of implementation and the economic effects of such measures may …” „… procedure entails a binding decision.31 Article 287 of the Convention provides States Parties with three …”

Heike Spieker The Conduct of Hostilities and the Protection of the Environment S. 753-780

„… . Armed Conflict and Effects on the Environment That armed conflict does not leave the natural …” „… new is that effects of armed conflict on the natural environment are the object of explicit legal …” „… regulation and the fact that the prohibition of causing certain negative effects on the natural environment …”

Elzbieta Mikos-Skuza The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission: An Awakening Beauty? S. 493-504

„… this effect was included for the first time into the Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the …” „… non-binding, but politically important commitment) that, in the context of national implementation and …” „… settlement procedures and methods designed to give effect to international obligations that have not been …”

Laurence Boisson de Chazournes, Danio Campanelli The United Nations Compensation Commission: Time for an Assessment? S. 13-30

„… past10. The UNCC, in effect, was neither the fruit of the imposition of the victor’s law over the …” „… . Claims commissions of the past were, in effect, judicial bodies. They were usually composed of one sole …” „… traditional claims commissions, binding decisions of the commissioners or arbitrators were addressed to the …”

Wolfgang Münch The Revision of the System of Administration of Justice in the United Nations Secretariat – The Current State of Affairs in the Light of the Recommendations of the Secretary-General’s Redesign Panel S. 217-226

„… instance. The Tribunal’s decisions would be binding for the Secretary-General and it should also have the …” „… in a prudent and gradual manner which gives effect to the principles expressed by the General …”

Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg Manoeuvring in Rough Waters: The UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict and the Law of Naval Warfare S. 439-456

„… right to that effect. It is well conceivable that, in order to be able to take effective self-defence …” „… law of naval warfare and the law of maritime neutrality.21 The right to judge, in a legally binding …” „… neutral sea areas. Provisions to that effect and widely reflecting paragraphs 17 to 22 of the San Remo …”

Yoram Dinstein Comments on the UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict S. 387-402

„… the relevant primary sources, preeminently those of legally binding treaties.3 Although there exists …” „… does not serve to effect transfer of title in favor of the captor, but only places him in temporary …” „… Wars. However, instead of referring to the dramatically different effect of these Armistices compared …”

Hanspeter Neuhold The International Community and „Rogue States“ S. 227-248

„… Iraqi Freedom, the democratisation of the country with a positive “domino effect” on the entire region …” „… of scientific and cultural cooperation. The effect of these measures was similar to those taken …” „… cornerstones of modern international law as jus cogens with effects erga omnes, this development does not …”

Peter H. Sand Japans „Forschungswalfang“ und das Washingtoner Artenschutzabkommen (CITES) S. 693-722

„… Fn. 11, S. 132): “…[an IWC] recommendation has no binding effect, and does not have any restrictive …” „… effect on the right of research whaling”. Zur Empfehlungswirkung von Resolutionen nach ICRW Art. VI vgl …” „… Rev.CoP14 (Effects of Reservations, 1983/2007); zu Bescheinigungs- und Berichtspflichten unten Fn. 85-95 …”

Sabine von Schorlemer “Women in Progress?” The Relevance of Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) S. 1155-1170

„… authors assume Resolution 1325 (2000) to be binding, some of them concluding falsely that 45 Ratna …” „… ) “Security Council resolutions are binding on all members”50 or not discussing the question in depth.51 …” „… , view it as a non-binding document.52 Even if it were not binding, SC Res. 1325 (2000) is certainly of …”

Henri Smets Rights and duties associated with the right to water S. 723-734

„… right to water and, in particular, there were few legally binding texts on the general issue of the …” „… are binding on European parties are the London Protocol on Water and Health to the UNECE Convention …” „… Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe but at this stage there is no legally binding text on this …”

David P. Forsythe The United States and International Humanitarian Law S. 421-428

„… be legally binding on any of the fighting parties, than North Korea. The latter’s refusal of …” „… , how often, for how long, and with what effectiveness, etc. There is circumstantial evidence that …” „… Guantanamo, was transferred to Iraq in late summer 2003 in order to effectuate tough policies toward …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845209593

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