Artificial Intelligence, Patient Autonomy and Informed Consent

Christian Günther

doi:10.5771/9783748948919

Artificial Intelligence, Patient Autonomy and Informed Consent

Series: Studien aus dem Max-Planck-Institut für Sozialrecht und Sozialpolitik

Volume 81 1. Edition 2024

CC-BY Access

doi.org/10.5771/9783748948919
ISBN print: 978-3-7560-2239-7
ISBN online: 978-3-7489-4891-9
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Zusammenfassung

Der medizinische Einsatz künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) schreitet rasant voran und droht die Fähigkeit von Patienten zu untergraben, personalisierte Entscheidungen zu treffen. Diese Arbeit hinterfragt, inwieweit zwei Rechtsordnungen des Common Law, die britische und die US-amerikanische, dieser Herausforderung für die Patientenautonomie begegnen können. Durch eine vorausschauende Analyse werden dabei die problematischen Eigenheiten klinischer KI herausgearbeitet und die Lösungen antizipiert, welche sich aus den Normen der informierten Einwilligung ergeben. Aufgrund dieser Beurteilung wird ein konkreter Regulierungsvorschlag für medizinische KI vorgestellt und die zentrale Rolle des Rechts in der Steuerung innovativer Technologien betont.

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly being implemented in the healthcare sphere, threatening the ability of patients to make judgments tailored to their personal circumstances and beliefs. This book is concerned with the ability of two legal systems, those of the UK and the U.S., to meet the resulting challenges posed to patient autonomy. It deploys a forward-looking analysis to identify the unique problems raised by clinical AI and to anticipate the responses that are offered by the common law’s doctrine of informed consent. This assessment culminates in a concrete proposal for the regulation of medical AI and an affirmation of the law’s fundamental role in societies’ adaptation to innovative technologies.

Schlagworte

AI Autonomie Clinical Negligence Common Law Common Law Theory England Haftung Informierte Einwilligung KI künstliche Intelligenz Machine Learning Medical Law Medizinrecht Technologierecht USA Prinzipien Principles Technology Law Innovation Liability UK U.S.

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