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HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China / 7. Stigma
HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China / 7. Stigma
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1–8
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
1–8
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11–34
Introduction
11–34
1. HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China: Understanding the Role of Social Work and NGOs in the Response to Infectious Diseases
Ulla Pape, Heino Stöver, Ingo Ilja Michels, Meryem Grabski
Ulla Pape, Heino Stöver, Ingo Ilja Michels, Meryem Grabski
Details
HIV/AIDS in Central Asia and China
Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China
HIV and Hepatitis C Prevention and Care among Key Populations
The Way Forward: How to Involve NGOs and Improve Services for Key Populations
Overview of the Book
Bibliography
37–160
Country Case Studies
37–160
37–74
2. HIV and Hepatitis C in China
Hang Su, Yifan Xu, Jiang Du
Hang Su, Yifan Xu, Jiang Du
37–74
Details
1. Epidemiology of HIV in China
Development of the HIV Epidemic in China
Vulnerable Groups
(1) People Who Inject Drugs (PWID)
(2) Heterosexual Contact
(3) Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
(4) Female Sex Workers
(5) Plasma Donors
(6) Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT)
Comorbidities
Regional spread of HIV
Data availability
Access to treatment
2. HIV Policy in China
Legal Regulations
Main State Institutions Responsible for HIV
HIV policy in China
Major Changes or Reforms in HIV Policy
(1) Late Presenters and Delayed Diagnosis
(2) Drug Resistance
(3) Novel Strategies for Unresolved Immune Activation
Cooperation of State Institutions with International Organisations (UNAIDS, Global Fund, Private Donors, etc.)
3. NGOs Working in the Field of HIV in China
Services for People Living with HIV, Provided by NGOs
Community Organisations (as a Special Type of NGOs)
Advocacy by NGOs
Participation of NGOs in International and Regional Networks
Cooperation of NGOs with State Institutions
Cooperation of NGOs with International Organisations
The Role of Social Work in Dealing with the HIV Epidemic
4. Epidemiology of HCV in China
Development of the HCV Epidemic in China
Vulnerable Groups
Comorbidities
Data Availability
Access to Treatment
5. HCV Policy in China
Legal Regulations
Main State Institutions Responsible
HCV Policy in China
Major Changes or Reforms in HCV Policy
Cooperation of State Institutions with International Organisations
6. NGOs Working in the Field of HCV in China
Services for People Living with HIV
Community Organisations and Advocacy
New Life New Liver programme
7. Conclusions
Bibliography
75–108
3. HIV and Hepatitis C in Kazakhstan
Dinara Yessimova, Mariya Prilutskaya, Dalida Mukasheva, Medet Kudabekov, Sandugash Ismagulova
Dinara Yessimova, Mariya Prilutskaya, Dalida Mukasheva, Medet Kudabekov, Sandugash Ismagulova
75–108
Details
Introduction
HIV in Kazakhstan: Epidemiology, Key Populations and Services
The Role of Social Work in the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS
Legal Regulations and State Guarantees for PLWH
HCV in Kazakhstan: Epidemiology, Policies, and Services
Conclusions
Bibliography
109–140
4. HIV and Hepatitis C in Kyrgyzstan
Jarkyn Shadymanova, Nurgul Musaeva
Jarkyn Shadymanova, Nurgul Musaeva
109–140
Details
Introduction
Development of the HIV Epidemic in Kyrgyzstan
What are the Drivers of the HIV Epidemic?
What are the Vulnerable Groups and Why?
HIV Policy in Kyrgyzstan
Cooperation Between Government Institutions and International Organisations
The Main Legal Norms Related to HIV in Kyrgyzstan
Epidemiological Situation of HCV in Kyrgyzstan
HCV Testing
Stigmatisation
Many People Who Use Drugs Are Put in Jail
The Hepatitis C Epidemic is Not Getting Sufficient Attention
Fear and Stigma Make Risks Worse
Projects and NGOs
Prevention
Conclusion
Bibliography
141–150
5. HIV and Hepatitis C in Uzbekistan
Uladzimir Pikirenia, Azizbek Boltaev
Uladzimir Pikirenia, Azizbek Boltaev
141–150
Details
Introduction
Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Uzbekistan
Risk Factors and Transmission of HIV
Government and Public Health Response to HIV/AIDS
Treatment and Healthcare Challenges
Hepatitis C in Uzbekistan
Discussion and Conclusion
Bibliography
151–160
6. HIV and Hepatitis C in Tajikistan
Safarkhon Sattorov, Alijon Soliev, Umed Talbov, Sona Orbelyan, Mykyta Trofymenko
Safarkhon Sattorov, Alijon Soliev, Umed Talbov, Sona Orbelyan, Mykyta Trofymenko
151–160
Details
Introduction
The Epidemiology of HIV in Tajikistan
HIV Policy in Tajikistan
NGOs Working in the Field of HIV in Tajikistan
The Epidemiology of HCV in Tajikistan
HCV Policy in Tajikistan
NGOs Working in the Field of HCV in Tajikistan
Conclusions
Bibliography
163–298
Additional Case Studies and Cross-Cutting Issues
163–298
163–166
7. Stigma
Hang Su, Yifan Xu, Jiang Du
Hang Su, Yifan Xu, Jiang Du
163–166
Details
Bibliography
167–182
8. Opioid Agonist Maintenance Treatment in Central Asia
Uladzimir Pikirenia, Medet Kudabekov, Zhyldyz Bakirova, Azizbek Boltaev
Uladzimir Pikirenia, Medet Kudabekov, Zhyldyz Bakirova, Azizbek Boltaev
167–182
Details
Introduction
Opioid Agonist Maintenance Treatment in Kazakhstan
Opioid Agonist Maintenance Treatment in Kyrgyzstan
Opioid Agonist Maintenance Treatment in Tajikistan
Conclusions
Bibliography
183–200
9. Labour Migrants – An Exploration of the New Driving Force of the HIV Epidemic in Uzbekistan
Azizbek Boltaev
Azizbek Boltaev
183–200
Details
HIV in Uzbekistan
HIV Services for Labour Migrants in Uzbekistan
HIV Prevention
HIV Testing and Linkage to Care
HIV Treatment and Care
Key Gaps in HIV Programming Targeting Migrants
1) Poor Preparation for Migration Leads to Increased HIV Vulnerability
2) Lack of HIV Prevention Programming That Is Specific to Labour Migrants’ Needs
3) Lack of Interventions Designed to Address the Needs of the Family Members of Migrants Who Are Left Behind
4) Low Demand for HIV Testing among Labour Migrants
5) Limited Options for HIV Testing in Uzbekistan
6) Interruptions of ART during Migration
7) Unaddressed Psychosocial Needs of Migrants with HIV
8) Lack of Gender Sensitivity in HIV Interventions among Labour Migrants
9) Poor HIV Programming Targeting Internal Labour Migrants
10) Disconnect between In-Country HIV Interventions and Programmes Abroad
Bibliography
201–214
10. Analysis of Harm Reduction Programmes in HIV/AIDS Prevention in Kyrgyzstan: Experience, Problems, and Prospects
Tynchtyk Estebes uulu
Tynchtyk Estebes uulu
201–214
Details
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
Bibliography
215–226
11. Media Portrayal and Stigma: Analysing HIV/AIDS Coverage in Uzbekistan’s Press
Uladzimir Pikirenia
Uladzimir Pikirenia
215–226
Details
Introduction
Uzbekistan Context
Short Results
Methods
Discussion
Conclusions
Limitations
Bibliography
227–256
12. The role of public organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in addressing and supporting people with HIV
Guzalkhon Zakhidova
Guzalkhon Zakhidova
227–256
Details
Introduction
Government Measures to Combat the Spread of HIV in Uzbekistan
Prevention Services for Key Populations and Other Groups
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. ZRU-353 of 23rd September 2013, ‘On countering the spread of the disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV infection)’
Medical Examination for HIV
Mandatory Medical Examination for HIV
Providing Medical Care to PLWH
Social Protection of Medical Workers at Risk of Contracting HIV Infection While Performing Their Official Duties
Rights and Responsibilities of PLWH
Obligations of PLWH
Social Protection of PLWH
Financing Activities to Combat the Spread of HIV Infection
Compensation for Harm Caused to the Health of a Person Infected with HIV
The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Social Partnership
State Support for Social Partnership
A Critical Look at the Situation of NGOs
Stigmatization
NGOs Working with PLHV in Uzbekistan
Republican NGO in the Form of a Public Association in Support of People Living with HIV/AIDS and Their Loved Ones ‘Ishonch va Hayot’ (‘Faith and Life’) (Ishonch Va Hayot n.d.)
The Republican Social Information Center ‘Istiqbolli Avlod’ (established in 2001)
Beneficiaries: Key Vulnerable Population Groups (Sex Workers, MSM)
The Republican Information and Educational Center ‘INTILISH’ (established in 2001) (Intilish n.d.)
NGO ‘Anti-Cancer Society of Uzbekistan’
Project grants and partners
Conclusion
Bibliography
257–264
13. Innovative Approaches in Adolescent Sexual Education: Bridging the Gap Between Awareness and Action
Tatsiana Pikirenia
Tatsiana Pikirenia
257–264
Details
Methodology
Testing for HIV Infection
Medical Counselling on Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues
Help in Connection with Violence
Leisure Activities
Conclusion
Bibliography
265–276
14. Social and Psychological Assistance to Women with HIV in Kyrgyzstan
Alla Bessonova, Asel Tentigenova, Nurgul Musaeva
Alla Bessonova, Asel Tentigenova, Nurgul Musaeva
265–276
Details
Introduction
The general situation of women living with HIV in Kyrgyzstan
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission in Kyrgyzstan
Social protection of families with HIV-positive children
Gender-based violence
Mental well-being
Factors affecting mental well-being in HIV-positive women in Kyrgyzstan
Maternal depression
Bibliography
277–298
15. The Role of Social Work in the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS in Germany
Larissa Steimle, Heino Stöver, Ingo Ilja Michels, Daniel Deimel
Larissa Steimle, Heino Stöver, Ingo Ilja Michels, Daniel Deimel
277–298
Details
History of Social Work and HIV/AIDS
Germany: A Case Study
1. Installing needle and syringe dispensing machines
2. Prison-Based Needle Exchange Projects
3. Drug Consumption Rooms
4. Psychosocial Support for People Who Use Drugs
5. Promoting a Change in Opiate Consumption Patterns: From Injecting to Inhaling
6. Campaigns and Support for and with Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men
Conclusions and Future Challenges
(1) Reducing stigma
(2) Educating social workers
(3) Contributing to the evidence base
(4) Addressing HIV/AIDS on an Institutional and Political Level
Bibliography
299–308
Biographies
299–308
Details
309–312
Glossary
309–312
Details
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HIV and Hepatitis C in Central Asia and China , page 163 - 166
7. Stigma
Autoren
Hang Su
Yifan Xu
Jiang Du
DOI
doi.org/10.5771/9783748920021-163
ISBN print: 978-3-7560-1465-1
ISBN online: 978-3-7489-2002-1
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doi.org/10.5771/9783748920021-163
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