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Neuroenhancement / Contact Details
Neuroenhancement / Contact Details
Contents
Chapter
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Page
1–8
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
1–8
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9–12
Preface
9–12
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13–32
I. Neuroenhancement – a short introduction on medical options
13–32
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1. Definition
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2. Possible targets of neuroenhancement and the measurability of its effects
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3. Enhancement strategies
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3.1 Biochemical strategies
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3.1.1 Everyday substances and dietary supplements
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3.1.2 (Psycho-)Pharmaceuticals
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3.1.3 ›Microdosing‹
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3.1.4 Genetic editing
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3.2 Physical strategies
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3.2.1 Brain stimulation
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3.2.2 Biohacking devices
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3.3 Behavioural strategies
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3.3.1 Sleep
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3.3.2 Physical exercise
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3.3.3 Cultural activities
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3.3.4 Cognitive training techniques
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References
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33–116
II. Ethics of Neuroenhancement
33–116
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1. Introduction
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2. What can be enhanced? On the targets of (neuro-)enhancement
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3. How to enhance? On the means of enhancement
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4. What is enhancement? On the definition of enhancement
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4.1 ›Beyond therapy‹-strand
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4.2 ›Beyond species-typical functioning‹-strand
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4.3 Welfarism
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4.4 Umbrella term
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4.5 Commonalities
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5. Ethical Arguments – for and against
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5.1 Enhancement and the individual good life
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5.1.1 Supporting arguments
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5.1.1.1 Improved welfare
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5.1.1.2 Means of leading an authentic life
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5.1.1.3 Support of character and virtue development
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5.1.2 Counterarguments
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5.1.2.1 Adverse (and long-term) effects
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5.1.2.2 Fraudulent happiness
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5.1.2.3 Negative impact of enhanced traits
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5.1.2.4 Loss of authenticity
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5.1.2.5 Human Nature and its components
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5.1.2.6 Limits to the development of character and virtues
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5.1.2.7 Hubris and playing god
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5.2 Enhancement in social interaction
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5.2.1 Supporting arguments
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5.2.1.1 The emotional basis of social interaction
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5.2.2 Counterarguments
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5.2.2.1 Social disruption
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5.2.2.2 Coercion to enhance and rising standards
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5.2.2.3 Complicity and its consequences
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5.2.2.4 Complicity and its intrinsic badness
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5.2.2.5 Cheating
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5.3 Enhancement in social policy
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5.3.1 Supporting arguments
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5.3.1.1 Mitigation of global catastrophic risks
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5.3.1.2 Creation of social value
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5.3.1.3 Creation of equality of chances
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5.3.2 Counterarguments
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5.3.2.1 Discrimination of the enhanced / unenhanced
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5.3.2.2 Coercion to enhance and rising standards
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5.3.2.3 Enhancement divide
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5.3.2.4 Lack of social fit, supremacy and discrimination
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5.3.2.5 Division of species
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5.3.2.6 Too much social homogeneity and lack of diversity
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5.3.2.7 Competition for social resources
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5.3.2.8 Non-autonomous enhancement (military etc.)
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5.3.2.9 Changing an already optimal human nature
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6. Concluding observation
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6.1 Summary: What is the enhancement debate all about?
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6.2 What is the debate struggling with?
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6.2.1 The placeholder-debates
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6.2.2 The decisive reason assumption of the restrictive views
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6.2.3 The burden of proof strategy of the permissive views
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6.2.4 Lack of transparency in ethical grounding
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6.3 Final thoughts
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References
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118–118
Contact Details
118–118
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Neuroenhancement , page 118 - 118
Contact Details
Autoren
Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs
Markus Rüther
Mandy Stake
Julia Ihde
DOI
doi.org/10.5771/9783495999615-118
ISBN print: 978-3-495-49180-5
ISBN online: 978-3-495-99961-5
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