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Turkey´s Perception of its Role in the Middle East

Thomas Volk

Series: Nahoststudien. Middle Eastern Studies

Volume 7 2022

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Chapter VII: Turkey’s self-perception in the 1980s S. 205-245

„… Turkey’s self-perception in the 1980s“Turkey is a part of the Western world and the Islamic world …” „… bridge between East and West and therewith coined a metaphor thatwould prevail throughout the 1980s. This …” „… profoundly affected by global changes betweenthe 1960s and 1980s, its relationship with its Middle Eastern …”

Chapter V: Historical Introduction II – The Second Republic (1946-1980) and the Third Republic since the 1980s S. 129-164

„… highlighted Islamic sentiments,be it the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi, ANAP) during the 1980s …” „… politicaland economic disorder of the 1980s. After having posed a memorandumin January 1980 and after the …” „… the beginning of the 1980s can be characterized as a statefull of mutual (political) mistrust …”

Chapter VI: Turkey’s relations with the Middle East from 1983 to 2002 S. 165-204

„… 1987 describeswell how Turkey positioned itself toward the Middle East during the1980s. Turkey, well …” „… . In domestic politics, the 1980s can bedescribed as a decade in which Özal was the most influential …” „… minister in 1983, the military’sinfluence never disappeared during the 1980s and later increased in themid …”

Chapter IX: From bridge to pivot S. 289-319

„… self-perceptions of Turkey in the 1980sand 1990s, mainly in regard to the Middle East. An attempt has beenmade to …” „… Turkish self-perceptions duringthe 1980s and 1990s tell us about the formulation and orientation …” „… continuously developed since the early 1980s.Terminological evolvement – from bridge country (köprü ülke) to …”

Chapter XI: Conclusion S. 344-350

„… policy developments.While the predominant Turkish self-perception of the 1980s, as presentedby key …” „… pursue these interests changed consid-erably during the 1980s and 1990s. As a staunch Western ally and …” „… the guiding state ideology of the 1980sfacilitated – similar to the 1950s – a greater emphasis of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… changed from a bridge country (köprü ülke) in the 1980s toa central country (merkez ülke) around the turn …” „… earlier and thatTurkeyʼs increased interest in its immediate neighborhood began as earlyas the 1980s …” „… ThirdRepublic since the 1980sChapter V:1291950-1960: Democratic Party rule – Islam came back intopoliticsV.I …”

Chapter I: Introduction S. 17-33

„… during the 1980s and 1990s in orderto better understand possible continuities, ruptures and connections …” „… early 1980s andtherewith offer a historical approach to the actual subject. Chapter IVconcentrates …” „… is going to have a look at the de-facto Turkish foreign policytoward the Middle East during the 1980s …”

Chapter X: Turkey since the early 2000s – Erdoğan, historical recollection and regional turbulences S. 320-343

„… the 1980s TIS, as “loyalty to existing state power was, according to theTürk İslam Sentezi, also a …” „… of Turkish self-perceptions in the 1980s and1990s has shown that most, if not all, of Davutoğlu’s …” „… democracy since the 1980s. The stronginvolvement in the OIC in the 1980s and the establishment of the BSEC …”

Chapter IV: Historical Introduction I – The First Republic (1923-1946) S. 96-128

„… 1920s until the military coup of 12 September 1980,264 the follow-Chapter IV:262 İsmail Cem, Turkey in …” „… incisive breaks can be exposedduring the first six decades of Turkey’s republican history (1920s - 1980 …” „… dominant ideologiescharacterized different periods and decades of Turkey until the early 1980s …”

Chapter VIII: Turkey’s self-perceptions in the 1990s S. 246-288

„… from the 1980s onward. Özal’s death was a definingmoment in Turkish domestic politics, leaving Demirel …” „… 1980s, nationalist and Islamist political currentscompeted for influence and contributed to a further …” „… search forbelonging and affiliation that had existed since the early 1980s.The early 1990s were a period …”

Chapter III: Literature Review S. 61-95

„… Republic and the European Unionfrom the late 1980s onwards. Tocci confirms the significant effect the UShas …” „… to powerin 2002, but also during the 1980s government of Turgut Özal, such ageneralization is …” „… countriesthat began in 1973. Hence, it was during the early 1980s that “for thefirst time in Republican history …”

Chapter II: Theoretical Approach and Methodology S. 34-60

„… point, it will be analyzed how the Turkish governmental self-perception changed throughout the 1980s and …” „… from the 1980s upuntil the beginning 2000s and which enables the author at the same timeto give …” „… andneoliberalism”91 since the 1980s, constructivism, the latest since the endof the bipolar world system, is a …”

Chapter XII: Bibliography S. 351-371

„… University Press,2007.Albright, Madeleine K., Stephen J. Hadley, and Steven A. Cook. U.S.-Turkey Rela-tions …” „… Cold War.” In The Europeanization of Turkey’s Security Policy:Prospects and Pitfalls, edited by Ali L …” „… . Accessed July 17, 2021,https://doi.org/10.1017/S0896634600005264.Altunışık, Meliha Benli. “The New Turn in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748932017

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Small Business Computers made in Europe (1960s–1980s)

Christian Franke (ed.), Matthias Röhr (ed.)

Series: Historische Dimensionen Europäischer Integration

Volume 37 2024

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Matthias Röhr A short and long history of medium data technology S. 15-56

„… to the triumphof microcomputers since the 1980s. Even the term “Magnetkartencomputer”(“visible record …” „… market for office computers underwenta fundamental change in the 1980s. The customized solutions of hard …” „… , national manufacturer of mainframes inEurope between the 1960s and 1980s stood at the centre of the …”

Michael Homberg In-House Computing? (De-)Centralizing data services in Germany, c. 1970 S. 133-150

„… business and administration plans between the late 1960s and the early1980s. Accordingly, the article …” „… , while an Integrated Services Digital Network(ISDN) was only planned in the late 1970s and early 1980s …” „… , mid-range computers in the 1970sand the rise of personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s opened up new …”

Christian Franke A new approach to a European information technology policy: the European strategic programme for research and development in information technology (Esprit) S. 57-78

„… attempted to provide impetus.These efforts culminated in new policy approaches in the 1980s. The ITpolicy …” „… industry by 1980, inter alia, by co-ordin‐ating national measures. However, the Commission’s first …” „… .51 In the mid-1980s, it was national governments and companies whodecided on the main content of …”

Christian Franke, Matthias Röhr Introduction S. 7-12

„… ) in the 1980s, at the latest, it was clear thatEuropean manufacturers, with their desk-sized office …” „… its advent in the 1980s.A third gap lies in the disappearance of medium data technology and …” „… end of the 1980s onwards. The emergenceof the PC not only had an impact on the (former) medium data …”

Christian Berg Nixdorf – pioneer of decentralized data processing S. 81-96

„… 1970s and 1980s. Thecompany’s continued success was also based on the technical developmentof new …” „… 1980s. Together with Comet software,Nixdorf remained the industry leader in decentralized data …” „… communicationstechnology (data telephones).6. An abrupt endThe Nixdorf company was at its zenith in the mid-1980s. At this …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… Business Computers made in Europe (1960s –1980s)Between Booking Machines and the PCThe series “Historical …” „… Between Booking Machines and the PCSmall Business Computers made in Europe (1960s –1980s) Christian …” „… Cataloging-in-Publication DataFranke, Christian | Röhr, MatthiasSmall Business Computers made in Europe (1960s–1980s …”

Christian Franke Eiserfeld: European production and development centre for European data technology S. 115-132

„… extremely positively in the secondhalf of the 1970s and the early 1980s – the years 1984 and 1985 were …” „… the first half of the 1980s, intensifiedcompetition enormously and spelled the end for many European …” „… 1980s, the entire computerdivision was sold to the American manufacturer DEC (Digital …”

Armin Müller Innovations from the Black Forest: Kienzle and medium data technology S. 97-108

„… in themid-1980s.22 Müller: Kienzle, p. 108.23 Ibid., p. 232–240.24 Hillebrand …” „… European and internationalmarkets, during the boom period of medium data technology in the 1970s …” „… .The company’s roots lay in the precision engineering industry, which hadformed a strong cluster region with the …”

List of authors S. 151-152

„… Gegenkultur und Industriepolitik in den 1970er/1980erJahren" (transcript, 2021) Dr. Armin Müller is head of …” „… servicesin Germany between the 1950s and 1990s. His most recent publication is"Digitale Unabhängigkeit …”

Matthias Röhr Hope and crisis: Hohner as a producer of small business computers S. 109-114

„… thelong term. Once the PC became the central office machine in the 1980s, theremaining manufacturers were …” „… with the emergence of mediumdata technology in the 1960s. Entering this sector even seemed suitableas a …” „… company was able to expand from the 1880s on. By 1885,he was producing one million harmonicas a year, and …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748920250

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Christians in the Movies

Peter E. Dans

2009

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CHAPTER 08. HEAVEN HELP US: THE 1980S S. 219-248

„… 219The 1980s has been labeled the “Decade of Greed” as epitomized in Oliver Stone’s 1985 film Wall …” „… corporate corruption such as at Enron flourished.On the other hand, geopolitically the 1980s was a decade of …” „… profound change. Particularly noteworthy events in 1980 were President Carter’s failed attempt to rescue …”

Preface S. i-xx

„… Help Us: The 1980s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219The FilmsChariots of Fire …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240The Worst of the 1980s …” „… . Approximately 200 titles are covered in this volume, from the silent era right up to 2008’s Doubt. Each entry …”

CHAPTER 01. PORTRAYING CHRISTIANS IN FILM S. 1-14

„… disparagement in post-Code movies, beginning in the 1970s and escalating in the late 1980s. This may be because …” „… the movies and well into the 1940s, were still predominantly Anglo-Saxon Protestant. The Bible was …” „… program of my mother’s eighth grade graduation in 1931 from Public School 1 on Manhattan’s impover-ished …”

CHAPTER 09. DOGMA: THE 1990S S. 249-296

„… ). Closed in 1989 after over 300 allegations of sexual abuse (principally in the 1970s and early 1980s), the …” „… 1980. A champion of 11_055_Dans.indb 272 2/24/11 1:48 PMDOGMA: THE 1990S273nonviolence, she was …” „… 249The 1990s in the United States was an era of economic prosperity, dominated by President William …”

CHAPTER 06. THE TIMES, THEY ARE A’CHANGIN’: THE 1960S S. 149-192

„… 149The 1960s, often referred to as “The Era of Sex, Drugs, and Rock and Roll,” is considered a …” „… continuation of the 1950s. The major societal changes commonly associ-ated with “the sixties” occurred between …” „… and deep. Birth control pills became available in the early 1960s and were widely disseminated, even …”

CHAPTER 10. AMAZING GRACE: 2000 TO THE PRESENT S. 297-348

„… President Bush altered the U.S. strategy into a counterinsurgency and a surge in troops. The result-ing …” „… dramatic reduction in violence and the decision by Sunnis to support U.S. efforts coupled with the …” „… nation’s history.Films of the New MillenniumJust as society was in a state of uncertainty and profound …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780742570320

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Screen Jesus

Peter Malone

2012

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Chapter 9. THE JESUS FILMS: THE 1980s S. 104-124

„… peak. What would be left for the 1980s? Martin Scorsese had tried to make The Last Temptation of Christ …” „… in the early 1980s but succeeded only in 1988. A breakthrough came from Canada with Jesus of Montreal …” „… religious Insight programs on television (240 episodes from 1960 to the 1980s) and later producer of Romero …”

APPENDIX 3: THE ISSUE OF FILMS ON JESUS AND SEXUALITY S. 281-292

„… of the apostles. This occurred in the 1980s and 1990s. However, with the Internet and e-mail, it was …” „… decades ago was the 1974 film Him, described briefly in Harry and Michael Medved’s 1980 book, The Golden …” „… ? It’s a 1980 book that Michael Medved and his brother Harry co-wrote back when Michael was known mostly …”

APPENDIX 2: JESUS AND THE CRUCIFIX S. 275-280

„… 275FAITH AND CULTUREThe use of the crucifix in films has become more prevalent since the 1980s. It …” „… both?THE CRUCIFIX, ICON AND SYMBOLSome examples of films from the 1980s and 1990s that offer images of the …” „… war action is seen in Samuel Fuller’s The Big Red One (1980). The sergeant, played by Lee Marvin …”

Chapter 10. THE JESUS FILMS: CINEMA FREEDOM AND IMAGES OF JESUS S. 125-131

„… Magda-lene during the recitation of the rosary.By the late 1980s, Ken Russell’s talent had veered into more …” „… of a Jesus-figure of the 1980s.The central character is a genial man named Giovanni, looking a bit …” „… is also central to discussion of the 1980s and 1990s. The plot is not dissimilar to that of Cercasi …”

Preface S. i-xviii

„… The Jesus Films: The 1980s 104The Fourth Wise Man 104L’inchiesta 106The Cotton Patch Gospel 108AD 108 …” „… remake of King of Kings while those in the ’70s saw Jesus Christ Superstar and Godspell. In the late 1980 …” „… humanity and its limita-tions and challenges with The Last Temptation of Christ in the 1980s, but by 2000 …”

Chapter 18. AFTER THE PASSION OF THE CHRIST S. 259-266

„… States)—Full-length feature film about a surfer thrown into a Peruvian jail in the 1980s. True story.NOTES1. Anonymous …” „… on a 1980s film by Rit-ter, Crimson Carnage: The Making of Truth or Dare (2009).4. Ken James, “Plot …” „… controversy that preceded it because of Dan Brown’s novel. There was much less controversy after the film …”

AFTERWORD: MORE THAN A HUNDRED YEARS OF JESUS FILMS S. 267-270

„… was also the period of the early 1980s when VHS copies and machines were becom-ing more readily …” „… theology and spirituality kept audiences at a distance from Jesus when he reappeared in the 1950s …” „… 1:35 PM268 Afterword: More Than a Hundred Years of Jesus FilmsWhile the 1960s were a time of …”

APPENDIX 1: THE MAJOR JESUS FILMS S. 271-274

„… . Peter Sykes, John Krish)1980 The Day Christ Died (United States, d. James Cellan Jones)1982 Cammina …” „… ), fifty-four minutes, is a quite comprehensive documentary film produced by Britain’s Channel 4 in conjunction …”

Chapter 1. THE JESUS-FIGURE S. 1-5

„… highlighted how much the Jesus-figure had become stylized—and it freed artists of the 1970s and 1980s to be …” „… disputes in Umberto Eco’s The Name of the Rose, a “Negro spiritual,” the music of Bach’s St. Matthew …” „… Passion, or Rice and Lloyd Webber’s Jesus Christ Superstar.One of the main difficulties with this kind of …”

Chapter 2. BIBLICAL PORTRAITS OF JESUS S. 6-13

„… Christian communities during the 1970s and 1980s, especially in Latin America and in the Philippines …” „… key texts are those of the anonymous prophet of the period of Israel’s collapse and exile in the sixth …” „… anguish and endurance is that of Job. He is described as God’s victim. God allows one member of his …”

Chapter 8. THE JESUS FILMS: THE 1970s S. 69-103

„… , that there was nowhere to go. And until the late 1980s, that seemed to be the case, except for some …” „… , the 1970s produced not just one musical of Jesus and his Gospel message, but two.JESUS CHRIST …” „… SUPERSTARJesus Christ Superstar became one of the most talked about phenomena of the 1970s. The LP record was a …”

INDEX S. 299-316

„… , Michael, 112, 237The Big Fisherman (1959), xv, 272The Big Kahuna (1999), 205The Big Red One (1980), 279 …” „… , David, 114The Boy Who Saw Christ (2003), 242Bragg, Austin, 253Brakhage, Stan, 240Bram Stoker’s Dracula …” „… Dourif, Brad, 202Dracula 2000 (2000), 240Drake Beckett: The Devil’s Newest Threat (2007), 26312_273 …”

Chapter 11. THE JESUS FILMS: THE 1990s S. 132-150

„… 132With such a wealth of material from the 1970s and the creative burst at the end of the 1980s …” „… , the question for the 1990s was whether any-thing new or creative could appear. The 1990s were marked …” „… characters. The hero of the 1990s story is a gypsy named Jesus (Gerard Lanvin). The heroine is his childhood …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780810883901

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Family and Transnational Mobility in Post-Soviet Central Asia

Delia Rahmonova-Schwarz

Series: Demokratie, Sicherheit, Frieden

Volume 205 2012

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Migration Patterns in the 1960s and 1980s S. 60-71

„… . Migration Patterns in the 1960s and 1980s 3.4.1. The Presence of the Slavic Population in Central Asia …” „… 1960s and 1980s was characterized by a largescale emigration of Jews from the entire Soviet Union …” „… , the period from the late 1960s through early 1980s was a time during which the educated youth, often …”

Migrations in the Late 1980s and the Demise of the USSR: Wither “Friendship of Nations” and “Brotherhood of Peoples”? S. 71-72

„… 713.5. Migration in the Late 1980s and the Demise of the USSR: Wither the “Friendship of Nations …” „… late 1980s marked the period during which Gorbachev’s liberal policies and reforms had corollaries such …” „… USSR’s emigration procedures became less strict, its relations with the Western countries improved, and a …”

Conclusion S. 172-174

„… newspapers were dedicated to the issue of self-immolation among young women in Uzbekistan through the 1980s …” „… irregularities in the gender ratio of marriages throughout the 1970s and 1980s.401 The dynamics of out-migration …” „… engaging in a polygamous relationship or concubinage, as in the case of Vietnam in the 1980s. At the same …”

A Framework for Understanding Post-Soviet Transnationalization S. 76-90

„… after approximately the mid-1980s and coming from provincial and rural areas is no longer fluent in …” „… 1980s generation often mentioned having followed a close kinsman who had served in the Soviet military …” „… left their places of birth for Russian cities between the 1960s and 1980s. Some obtained their …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… . Migration Patterns in the 1960s and 1980s 60 3.4.1. The Presence of the Slavic Population in Central Asia …” „… and Solidarity among Nations 63 3.5. Migrations in the Late 1980s and the Demise of the USSR …” „… USSR’s Dissolution 51 3.1. The Genesis: The Early Years of Mobility Control in Pre-Soviet Russia 52 …”

The Other Wife in Russia: A Typology of Extramarital Relationships of Labor Migrants S. 174-180

„… throughout the 1970s and 1980s.401 The dynamics of out-migration in sending countries would cause such a …” „… concubinage, as in the case of Vietnam in the 1980s. At the same time, the male population working abroad …” „… research because the researcher’s focus is often drawn to other aspects of transnational social spaces such …”

Transnationalization and Continuity S. 218-219

„… of generations of migrants born prior to the 1980s. 494 This research on Central Asian migrants has …” „… based on labor migration since the late 1990s between Central Asia and Russia – a geographical zone …” „… for Russia in the late 1990s and the beginning of 2000s. At the initial stage of the qualitative …”

Selected List of Informants S. 229-232

„… – kitchen assistant, female, born in 1982 in Uzbekistan and married to Firuz Toshpo’lat – Nasiba’s husband …” „… , porter at a market for construction materials, born in 1970 in Uzbekistan Umar – Nasiba’s brother …” „… sweeper, male born in 1987 in Tajikistan Sobira – kitchen helper, female, born in 1980 in Uzbekistan …”

Situational Analysis S. 183-187

„… comparable to Vietnam in the 1980s and 1990s. The reunification war of 1965-1975 in Vietnam that caused a …” „… community (Central Asian origin)ImamsFemale migrant‘s kinship(2nd marriage)Receiving society in the country …” „… of destinationMale migrant‘s kinshipSocial practices in the country of destination (factual marriages …”

Migrations and Kinship S. 26-29

„… members help each other migrate.59 We can see that the 1980s issues of the journal International Migration …” „… of arrival.56 Since the 1950s and 1960s kinship, and in particular kin-based networks, have achieved …” „… role of kinship networks in the dynamics of migration.60 Tilly’s chapter on the history of immigration …”

Migration patterns in Central Asia and Russia in the 1990s: The Demise of the Soviet Union and Further Increase of Emigration and Mobility Rate S. 72-76

„… managed labor migration of Central Asia’s employable population to Russia in the late 1970s and early 1980 …” „… final years of the perestroika period, the USSR’s emigration procedures became less strict, its …” „… Central Asian region and had already started emigrating in fairly small numbers during the 1970s began …”

Transnationalization and Kinship S. 219-222

„… born prior to the 1980s. 494 This research on Central Asian migrants has emphasized that migrant …” „… state’s strict control over population movements, the central state’s Sovietization and modernization …” „… transnational fictive kinship networks and patronage ties. At the end of the 1990s, this generation of migrants …”

Data Collection and Data Analysis S. 42-46

„… and 1980s. This small portion of study revealed that labor migration from the Central Asian region to …” „… same pentagonic relationship applied in Faist’s elaboration exists in the post-Soviet transnational …” „… spaces. The difference is that the civil society which has its own position in Faist’s pentagonic pattern …”

Transnational Polygamies in the Global Context and the Case of Central Asia S. 187-192

„… in the 1980s and 1990s. The reunification war of 1965-1975 in Vietnam that caused a great loss of …” „… households were reported to have lost their breadwinners during the civil war in the 1990s, becoming a second …” „… 1970s it was not uncommon for Turkish labor migrants in Germany to engage in extramarital relationships …”

Institutionalized Restriction on Movement of People under Stalin with a Focus on Soviet Central Asia S. 55-60

„… vast growth of the cities were quite unsuccessful.162 3.4. Migration Patterns in the 1960s and 1980s …” „… important to keep in mind the Soviet state’s construction of nationalities in the 1920s and 1930s. It was …” „… . In the mid 1920s, the Soviets launched their first population census. For this purpose, they engaged …”

Parents-in-Law and Their Leash of Morality S. 165-172

„… newspapers were dedicated to the issue of self-immolation among young women in Uzbekistan through the 1980s …” „… conversation at home. When I stayed with her at her parents-in-law’s over the weekend, I was able to get more …” „… looking for families of migrants that I could talk to. A young woman who was in her early 20s immediately …”

Labor Migration and Weddings S. 103-114

„… early 1980s. She and her fourteen-year-old daughter speak Russian at home. Having a Kyrgyz mother and an …” „… among kin members in the large family’s ‘home.’281 Elsewhere in the literature, the transnational …” „… Saidali’s house, neither the young bride nor the other family members in the house gave the impression of …”

References S. 232-247

„… ). Ethnography and Participant Observation. Chapter 15. In: Denzin, Norman K. and Yvonna S. Lincoln (eds …” „… Networks. Oxford and New York: Berg. 234Bryceson, Debora F. (2002). Europe’s Transnational Families and …” „… Institutions. Kyklos, Vol. 47, Issue 1. Denzin, Norman K. and Yvonna S. Lincoln (eds) (1994). Handbook of …”

Central Asian Transnational Patronages S. 199-213

„… initiator(s). Thus a significant feature remains the emergence of the organizational leadership in Russia …” „… former (male) labor migrant himself who arrived in Russia in the late 1990s. He has long-existing stable …” „… especially in migration where the majority of the migrant’s close relatives remain in the country of origin …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845243108

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