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European Contract Law

Reiner Schulze, Fryderyk Zoll

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2021

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Chapter 5 Performance Obligations S. 205-234

„… (Art. 7(1) SGD; Art. 8(1) DCD).They are thus also to be considered if the parties agree on a lower …” „… . 7et seq. SGD; Art. 8 et seq. DCD).Subjective criteriaArticle 7 Digital Content DirectiveSubjective …” „… ) SGD; Art. 7(c), (d) DCD).Objective criteriaFitness for intended useArticle 8(1) Digital Content …”

Chapter 6 Breach and Remedies S. 235-294

„… . 12(2) and (3)(b) PTD as well as inArt. 14(4)(b) DCD).As for the notion of conformity,30 concepts …” „… with Art. 11(3) DCD).Art. 12(4) DCD excludes a reversal of the burden of proof in both instances if the …” „… requirements under Art. 12(4) DCD.Where the trader can furnish proof, the consumer does not benefit from the …”

Chapter 1 Foundations S. 1-38

Chapter 2 Core Elements S. 39-108

„… changed, as can be seen in Recital 20 DCD.Recital 20 Digital Content Directive(…) Accordingly, in order to …” „… Recital 21 DCD:Recital 21 Digital Content Directive(…) It should also include those sales contracts which …” „… medium.Recital 45 DCD outlines the standards for determining conformity:Recital 45 Digital Content DirectiveIn …”

Chapter 3 Conclusion and Content of Contracts S. 109-172

„… Perspectives on the Com-mon European Sales Law (Springer 2015) 37 et seq.93 Art. 6 DCD. On the draft Digital …” „… Content: Regulatory Challenges and Gaps (Nomos 2017) 99.For details on Art. 6 DCD see EU Digital …” „… Law/Staudenmayer, Art. 6 DCD.94 Art. 13 DCD. See Schulze, ‘Supply of Digital Content: A New Challenge for European …”

Chapter 7 Preclusion and Prescription S. 295-302

„… the first subparagraph.In principle, Art. 11 DCD uses a different approach to provide a similar …” „… solution. Thesecond sub-paragraph of Art. 11(3) DCD does not set any limitation period but ratherdetermines …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… Consumer Sales DirectiveCUP Cambridge University PressDCD Digital Content DirectiveDCFR Full Edition von …” „… Regulation (EEC) No 295/91[2004] OJ L46/1Digital Content Directive;DCDDirective (EU) 2019/770 of the European …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748925736

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The Future of European Private Law

André Janssen (Hrsg.), Matthias Lehmann (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.)

2023

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Esther Arroyo Amayuelas A Redefinition of the Principles of the Acquis Communautaire S. 523-547

„… formulationsAccessibility and continuity are criteria that appear in Art. 8.1 letter b DCD,but not in Art. 7.1 letter d SGD …” „… goods.66 Furthermore, the combined reading of Art. 8.1 letter d DCDand Art. 8.6 DCD raises doubts.67 The …” „… . 8.4 DCD).However, when digital elements continuously supplied are inserted intogoods, the SGD follows …”

Reiner Schulze European Private Law in the Digital Age – Developments, Challenges and Prospects S. 141-168

„… application of the DCD: According to Art. 3 (1) subpara. 2 DCD,this Directive shall also apply where the …” „… Rosenkranz, in Schulze and Staudenmayer, EU Digital Law (2020), Art. 9 DCD;Schulze, ‘Die …” „… , in Schulze and Staudenmayer, EU Digital Law (2020), Art. 19 DCD.Reiner Schulze154the customer through …”

Mateja Durovic Redrafting the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL)? S. 489-508

„… Content Directive (DCD)17 and theSale of Goods Directive (SGD).18On the one hand, in general terms, the …” „… Directive (n 18), Article 3(3).Mateja Durovic496On the other hand, the DCD covers digital contracts …” „… the trader wherethere is a lack thereof.24 The DCD seemingly responds to a lack of trust,on the part …”

Pascal Pichonnaz A Bird's-Eye View: The Oscillation between Ius Commune and National Law S. 43-60

„… legislation. This is why both new directives have anArticle 4 (Art. 4 SGD15; Art. 4 DCD16) stating that …” „… supply of digital content and digitalservices was adopted (DCD)21. On 22nd May 2019, the Sales of …” „… oversaw the work at the EU Com-mission, the application of the two new Directives (SGD and DCD …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748913078

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Contracts for the Supply of Digital Content: Regulatory Challenges and Gaps

Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Dirk Staudenmayer (Hrsg.), Sebastian Lohsse (Hrsg.)

2017

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Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi, Esther van Schagen Conformity under the Draft Digital Content Directive: Regulatory Challenges and Gaps S. 99-126

„… ’ COM(2015) 634 final (hereafter: ‘Digital Content Directive’, DCD). For collections of comments on …” „… the supply of digital content (hereafter ‘Digital Content Directive’; DCD) obviously could not be …” „… providing more protection. 9 Explanatory Memorandum DCD, 5. Conformity under the Draft Digital Content …”

Martine Behar-Touchais Remedies in the Proposed Digital Content Directive: An Overview S. 127-140

„… abandoned, and before the proposals for a Digital Content Directive2 (DCD) and an Online Sales Directive3 …” „… supply of digital content’ COM(2015) 634 final (‘Digital Content Directive’; DCD). 3 European …” „… ) 634 final (n 2) 2–3. 10 Recital 8 DCD. 11 Recital 16 DCD. 12 COM(2015) 634 final (n 2) 8: ‘Other …”

Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer, Sebastian Lohsse Contracts for the Supply of Digital Content: Regulatory Challenges and Gaps – An Introduction S. 9-30

„… / Dirk Staudenmayer / Sebastian Lohsse 12 Content Directive’; DCD). This Directive could be the first …” „… The scope of the proposal is set out in Art 3 DCD in combination with the definitions of Art 2 DCD …” „… content The definition of digital content is therefore broad.16 Art 2(1)(a) DCD uses the definition of …”

Piotr Machnikowski Regulation of Damages on National or European Level S. 141-154

„… Content Directive’; DCD). Piotr Machnikowski 142 answer the question of whether regulation of damages …” „… harmonising effect of the Directive. III. Scope of the Regulation in the Proposal Art 14(1) DCD provides the …” „… is supplemented by the definitions contained in Art 2 DCD which define the term ‘digital content’:4 …”

Hugh Beale Conclusion and Performance of Contracts: An Overview S. 31-58

„… under www.european lawinstitute.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/p_eli/Publications/ELI_Statement_on_ DCD.pdf …” „… proposed Digital Content Directive1 (‘DCD’) and consider what kind of digital download or provision of …” „… 18 DCD. 3 Directive 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on …”

Fryderyk Zoll Personal Data as Remuneration in the Proposal for a Directive on Supply of Digital Content S. 179-188

„… Fryderyk Zoll I. Introduction The proposal for a Digital Content Directive1 (‘DCD’) covers also such …” „… digitalen Binnenmarkt? – Vienna, 11 March 2016’ (2016) 3 EuCML 147. 2 Art 3(1) DCD. 3 Personal data …” „… 221. Personal Data as Remuneration 181 II. Data as Counter-Performance? Art 3(1) DCD determines …”

Gerald Spindler Contract Law and Copyright – Regulatory Challenges and Gaps S. 209-228

„… the supply of digital content1 (‘Digital Content Directive’; ‘DCD’) has led to an intense discussion …” „… particular the subjective and objective standards and tests in Art 6 DCD, have largely being discussed3 the …” „… recourse to contract law shaped by the Digital Content Directive. Even more, Art 6(1) DCD declares the …”

Sebastian AE Martens Contracts for the Supply of Digital Content – Consequential Loss S. 155-168

„… ’ COM(2015) 634 final (Digital Content Proposal; DCD). 4 ibid 2. Sebastian AE Martens 156 of …” „… the Proposal for a Directive on Digital Content 1. Art 14 DCD: right to damages The proposal deals …” „… _ upload/p_eli/Publications/ELI_Statement_on_DCD.pdf (accessed 25 January 2017). 21 Working Document (n 14) 7–8. 22 Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of …”

Rolf H Weber Data Protection in the Termination of Contract S. 189-208

„… Directive’; ‘DCD’) and the other on contracts for the online and distance sale of goods (hereinafter the …” „… initiatives is Art 3(1) DCD defining the scope of the envisaged Directive as including contractual relations …” „… contract. The only exception concerns Art 13(2)(c) DCD: The supplier shall provide the consumer with …”

Susana Navas Navarro User-Generated Online Digital Content as a Test for the EU Legislation on Contracts for the Supply of Digital Content S. 229-254

„… Content Directive; DCD) and Proposal for a Directive on certain aspects concerning contracts for the …” „… ‘sharing’. Art 6(1)(b) DCD sets forth that the digital content conforms with the contract when it fits …” „… ’. The wording of Art 8(1) DCD, when referring to the intellectual property rights, therefore should be …”

Marco Loos Machine-to-Machine Contracting in the Age of the Internet of Things S. 59-82

„… . Introduction The proposal for a Digital Content Directive1 (hereinafter: Digital Content Directive; DCD …” „… ) applies to contracts whereby a trader supplies digital content to a consumer (Art 1 DCD). However …” „… Directive, as this would then qualify as a lack of conformity of the software under Art 6 DCD.20 The first …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845281391

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Harmonizing Digital Contract Law

Alberto De Franceschi (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.)

2023

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Laurynas Didžiulis Lithuania S. 425-448

„… comprehensive regulation presented by DCD.This leads us to the conclusion that contracts for supply of digital …” „… with conceptually similar DCD and SGD directives (transposed in 2021). All of them were transposed in …” „… harmonisation directives, such as SGD and DCD. Nevertheless, even in the light of maximum harmonisation there is …”

Esther Arroyo Amayuelas Spain S. 625-648

„… TR-LGDCU, Art. 11.2 II DCD).Where there is a continuous supply (Art. 11.3 DCD), the liability period …” „… conformity, which corresponds to both Art. 14.1 letter b SGD and Art. 14.3 DCD.Art. 118.5 TR-LGDCU requires …” „… , with the limit of the foreseeability of the damage (Art. 1107 CC) (Recital 61 SGD, Recital 73 DCD).J …”

Hans Christoph Grigoleit Digital Content Regulation as Building Block of the Private Law Harmonization S. 729-738

„… Schulze, in: Reiner Schulze and Dirk Staudenmayer (eds), EU Digital Law (2020) Art. 1 DCD.Reiner Schulze …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32A. Introductory RemarksBy the Digital Content Directive1 (DCD) – in part complemented by the Sale …” „… entered into force.In any case, the DCD and the SGD introduce a new phase of harmonization that shows …”

Reiner Schulze Germany S. 273-300

„… explanatory statement in the government draft BT-Drs.19 27653 with reference to recital 28 DCD.D. Liability …” „… contracts for digital products beyond the implementation of the provisions of the DCD.The main purpose of …” „… Civil CodeGermany has transposed the "twin directives" on Digital Content and Digital Services (DCD) and …”

Ádám Fuglinszky Hungary S. 319-356

„… 42 Vanherpe takes the view that the DCD’s scope should have been extended to all contracts …” „… gratuitous.We share the view of those authors according to whom the DCD’s approach opens the way to consider the …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752. Modification of the Digital Content or Digital Service (Art. 19 DCD) . . . . 783. Right of …”

Christiana Markou Cyprus S. 139-166

„… para. 6 DCD.B. The Reach and Limits of the Twin LawsChristiana Markou 14519202122consideration and the …” „… majority of the provisions in Articles 6 and 7 of the SGD and Articles 7 and 8 of the DCD.As a result, it …” „… relevant clarification existed in the operative provisions of the DCD).Regarding the provisions on the …”

Alberto De Franceschi,, Reiner Schulze Harmonizing Digital Contract Law – an Introduction S. 1-30

„… DCD).C. Impact on the Law of Member StatesI. General FrameworkThe impact of these innovative approaches …” „… 23452019 play a prominent role: the Digital Content and Digital Services Directive (DCD)11 and the Sale of …” „… digital environment” (Art. 2 DCD; Art. 2 SGD). The same applies to performance features for the supply of …”

Kaspars Balodis Latvia S. 409-424

„… digital service (Art. 291 para. 1 PTAL, Art. 14 para 1 DCD).It should be noted that the Latvian wording of …” „… Content Directive, DCD).3 Patērētāju tiesību aizsardzības likums, Latvijas Vēstnesis, Nr. 104/105 …” „… number of procedural provisions on protection of consumer’s rights.Latvia transposed the DCD and the SGD …”

Alberto De Franceschi Italy S. 381-408

„… ones on the same aspects (see Art. 3, para. 10 DCD).Nevertheless, some interesting Italian case law …” „… Code. The same choice was made in Art. 135-sexiesdecies Consumer Code, implementing Art. 12 DCD.N …” „… Digital Services (hereinafter: DCD) and Directive EU 2019/771 on the Sale of Goods (hereinafter: SGD) the …”

Emilia Mišćenić Croatia S. 117-138

„… notions contained in the DCD are transposed literally into Art. 3 DCDA, and some into Art. 4 CPA 2022 …” „… (Arts. 401.a, 404.a OA). Due to literal transposition of the DCD into the DCDA, the latter act is …” „… literal transposition of the DCD into the DCDA, this did not repeat with respect to objective …”

Jean-Sébastien Borghetti France S. 249-272

„… free to set them aside, even when they go beyond what was required by the SGD or the DCD.Even though …” „… equivalent of Art. L 217–20 and transposes Art. 19 DCD.Contractual AdaptationsThe 2021 ordonnance has not …” „… remedies set out by the SGD and the DCD.I. Remedies for Failure to SupplyUnder Arts. L 216–6 para. I …”

Damjan Možina, Jernej Renko Slovenia S. 605-624

„… not apply to services, which are subject to special regulation, such as the digital services (DCD).The …” „… the price – Art. 3 (5) (f) DCD.I. ConclusionsAs the SGD and DCD aim at full harmonisation, the Member …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77A. IntroductionOn September 29, 2022, Slovenia has transposed the Directives 2019/770 (“DCD”) and …”

Mireille M. Caruana Malta S. 471-490

„… 9.51 Consumer Affairs Act, Article 73A.Malta480 Mireille M. Caruana3839404142Malta applied the DCD/SGD …” „… . Transposition of the DCD and the SGD …” „… price or termination of the contract. Under Consumer Protection legislation transposing the DCD and the …”

Geraint Howells, Fidelma White Ireland S. 357-380

„… Jurist, 225.20 See Recital 26 SGD.21 See Recital 42 DCD.C. Conformity of GoodsGeraint Howells, Fidelma …” „… DCD/SGD remedies apply to these provisions, subject to a right to terminate where the trader has no right …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79A. IntroductionThe Digital Content Directive1 (DCD) and Sale of Goods Directive2 (SGD) have been …”

Laura Aade, Elise Poillot Luxembourg S. 449-470

„… Article 212–19(3) of the consumer code transposing Article 12(3) of DCD.Interruption of long-term supply …” „… the provisions of DCD2 and SGD3 into the consumer code. This law entered into force on 1 January 2022 …” „… digital content and digital services (hereafter DCD).3 Directive (EU) 2019/771 of the European Parliament …”

Bert Keirsbilck, Evelyne Terryn Belgium S. 69-88

„… ’ (2022) DCCR (25) 27–28.Belgium74 Bert Keirsbilck, Evelyne Terryn 1011The DCD’s subjective64 and …” „… : “SGD”)1 and Digital Content and Digital Services Directive (hereafter: “DCD”)2 were implemented in …” „… Directive (hereafter: “CSD”5)) and the entirely novel DCD take a full harmonization approach with a number …”

Rita Simon, Jiří Hrádek Czech Republic S. 167-190

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42VII. Art. 10 DCD and Art. 9 SGD on third Party Rights …” „… DCD) and on the Sale of Goods (SGD) were expected to be implemented by the European Member States to …” „… transposition.The Act transposes the enforcement rules of Art 21 DCD and Art. 19 SGD into the Act on Consumer …”

Karin Sein Estonia S. 211-228

„… facilitated by the transposition of the DCD.The transposition of the Directives has also had a minor influence …” „… contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services (DCD).2 Directive (EU) 2019/771 of the …” „… its competence to impose sanctions for consumer law breaches. Hence, both the DCD as well as SGD have …”

Zuzana Adamová Slovakia S. 581-604

„… then be a connected digital element (rec. 15 SGD and rec. 21 DCD).With respect to digital content, the …” „… only a digital expression of value for the purpose of making a payment (cf. rec. 23 DCD).According to …” „… recital 54 DCD, as well as Articles 9 SGD and 10 DCD.In the proposed amendment to the Civil Code, the …”

Plamena Markova Bulgaria S. 89-116

„… the supply of DC/DS and on the sale of goods; Art. 24 DCD and Art. 24 SGD.B. General regulatory …” „… legislator has decided to apply the DCD/SGD remedies for a lack of conformity to the situations covered by …” „… accessed 23.01.2022.170 Art. 20 DCD, Art 18 SGD.171 Art. 22, Act on the supply of DC/DS and the sale of …”

Jori Munukka Sweden S. 649-678

„… DCD-implementation hard to read and hard to figure out what the rules for digital supply actually are,19 but the …” „… , shortened “DCD”,1 and the Sale of Goods Directive, shortened “SGD”,2 jointly named the “Twin Directives …” „… of conformity in digital content and digital services was locked to one year in the DCD, and …”

Brigitta Zöchling-Jud Austria S. 33-68

„… within the meaning of Art. 3 para. 3 DCD.However, problems can arise with the carrierless sale of …” „… implementation obligations under the Digital Content Directive and the Sale of Goods Directive (DCD2 and SGD3 …” „… )6 carried out the transposition of the DCD and the SGD in Austria. It contains selective changes to …”

Marie Jull Sørensen Denmark S. 191-210

„… . 3 DCD on Bundles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44H. Remedies …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46I. DCD and SGD vs. National Law of Obligations and Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46II. A …” „… Right of Termination (see Art. 15 DCD) through Declaration vs. National Law …”

M.B.M. Loos The Netherlands S. 491-512

„… . The Digital Content Directive (hereafter also: DCD)3 is transposed in a new Title 7.1AA BW placed …” „… accordance with the Civil Code’s layered structure, and in line with art. 3 (7) SGD and art. 3 (10) DCD …” „… (Digital Content Directive, DCD).4 Cf. Kamerstukken II 2021/22, 35 734, no. 3, p. 25 and 38.5 …”

Klaus Viitanen Finland S. 229-248

„… CPA.IV. The implementation of the DCDThe rules on remedies contained in articles 13–19 of the DCD were …” „… contents and digital services by the DCD.The legal nature of EU consumer law directives has changed during …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59IV. The implementation of the DCD …”

Hans Schulte-Nölke The EU Digital Services Act and EU Consumer Law S. 705-714

„… consumer contract law for digital services in the Digital Content and Services Directive (DCD).2 While the …” „… grant a positive claim to consumers. However, when read together with the Digital Content Directive (DCD …” „… remedies under the DCD (which are actually against the service provider only) also against the platform …”

Jorge Morais Carvalho Portugal S. 527-540

„… content or digital services, Decree-Law 84/2021 follows the provisions of DCD.E. Liability of the Trader …” „… other Member States, Portugal has used the possibility provided by Recitals 23 of SGD and 18 of DCD.It …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89A. IntroductionIn Portugal, the long-awaited implementation of the EU Directives 2019/770 (DCD)1 …”

Zafeirios Tsolakidis Greece S. 301-318

„… Greek Legislator adopted a mixed approach for the implementation of the “Twin Directives”. The DCD (EU …” „… definitions contained in the DCD (Art. 2) and the SGD (Art. 2) are concerned, L. 4967/2022 adopted different …” „… definitions of Art. 2 of the DCD (digital content, digital service, thing with digital elements, integration …”

Juanita Goicovici Romania S. 541-580

„… (hereinafter: DCD), entered into force on January 9h, 2022 and governs the salient aspects of the performing of …” „… exercise of other essential rights of the data subject, in the light of the GDPR and DCD provisions …” „… , para. 5 DCD and Article 7, para. 5 SGD (with regard to the concept of “particular characteristic”). In …”

Fryderyk Zoll, Katarzyna Południak-Gierz, Wojciech Bańczyk Poland S. 513-526

„… easy implementation of the directive 2019/770/EU (DCD).6The implementation of the SGD was not …” „… 2011/83), adding to this (as a new chapter) a set of rules – together with provisions transposing the DCD …” „… Południak-Gierz, Wojciech Bańczyk3456of transposition of both SGD and DCD. This proposal was discussed during a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVII

„… DCD and the SGD in Austria. She is admitted to the bar of Cologne and the bar of Vienna and is active …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748941415

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EU Digital Law

Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Dirk Staudenmayer (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2020

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Juliette Sénéchal Article 2 Definitions S. 43-57

„… ; → Art. 7 DCD,mn. 33 et seq.Art. 2 Definitions46 Juliette Sénéchal2345C. ExplanationI. Digital …” „… Directive,refers to definition of digital content under Art. 2 No. 1 DCD). Thirdly, the use of defini-tions can …” „… DCD, mn. 23 et seq.4 Art. 2(j) CESL-Regulation.5 Recital 18 CESL.6 COM(2018) 185 final, 6. The …”

Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer Introduction S. 1-11

„… . 11(2) and (3) DCD), the period for the burden of proof (Art. 12(2) and (3) DCD)and some means of …” „… exercising the remedies (Arts 14(5); 16(1) DCD).The following provisions on the liability of the trader (Art …” „… structure ofthe provisions on the primary obligations of the trader in Art. 5 and Arts 6 et seq. DCD:they …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 25 Review S. 341-346

„… Art. 25 SGDArt. 25 DCD can only be properly understood if it is read together with Art. 25 SGD.Art. 25 …” „… cover both in the same report.Secondly, Art. 25 DCD does not contain the usual clause requesting that …” „… persons who are not con-1.2.11 → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 147 et seq.; cf. Staudenmayer (2020).12 → Art. 3 DCD, mn …”

Frank Rosenkranz Article 9 Incorrect integration of the digital content or digital service S. 168-183

„… wording of Art. 9 DCD is clearly rooted in Art. 101(1)CESL.5The Sale of Goods Directive contains an almost …” „… 6 identical provision in its Art. 8.Art. 8 SGD and Art. 9 DCD are to be interpreted in the same …” „… → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 77 et seq.9 For details, see below → mn. 51.10 Loos, 37; Geiregat/Steennot, p. 135.11 …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 6 Conformity of the digital content or digital service S. 107-118

„… critical as to the function of Art. 6 in the Digital Content Directive.2 → Art. 5 DCD, mn. 5–6.3 Art. 11(1 …” „… ) DCD.4 As to the different approaches in national laws see von Bar/Clive, Art. IV.A.–2:301 DCFR, notes …” „… ) CESL. This was taken up in Arts 8(5) and 7(5). See → Art. 8 DCD, mn. 153 et seq.Art. 6 Conformity of …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 7 Subjective requirements for conformity S. 118-131

„… (2015) 634 final.74 Arts 99(2) and 102 CESL.75 Arts 41 et seq. CISG.76 → Art. 8 DCD, mn. 156.77 See …” „… the1 → Art. 6 DCD, mn. 7.2 Art. 2(2)(a) CSD.3 Art. 99(1)(a) CESL.4 Art. 2(2)(b) CSD.5 Art. 100(a) CESL …” „… Schwenzer in: Schlechtriem/Schwenzer, Art. 35 CISG, mn. 6, 8.38 → Art. 6 DCD, mn. 3.39 → Art. 13 DCD, mn …”

Reiner Schulze Article 4 Level of harmonisation S. 91-96

„… (2007)378294_EN.pdf (accessed 21 January 2020).12 See Recitals 1 et seq.; see → Art. 1 DCD, mn. 6 et seq.13 …” „… . 6(2).15 Recital 8.16 Recital 11.17 → Art. 11 DCD, mn. 20 et seq.18 See → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 25 and more …” „… detailed → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 26.19 For criticism see e.g. Bach, 1706; Zöchling-Jud, 116–117.20 → Art. 3 DCD …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 3 Scope S. 57-91

„… sentence DCD and Recital 15 last sentence SGD.134 → Art. 20 DCD.Art. 3 Scope78 Dirk Staudenmayer8384858687 …” „… subpara.).83 Staudenmayer (1999), p. 66 et seq.4 See Staudenmayer (2016), 810 et seq.5 See Recital 11 DCD …” „… as well as Recital 13 COM(2015) 635 final.6 COM(2017) 637 final.7 → Art. 7 DCD, mn. 53 et seq. and …”

Beate Gsell Article 14 Remedies for lack of conformity S. 241-272

„… → Art. 13 DCD,mn. 35 et seq. with an explanation of the ambiguous statement in Recital 61.Remedies for …” „… assessment see Zoll, 254.170 See above n 167.171 For a deeper review → Art. 15 DCD.Remedies for lack of …” „… to supply → Art. 13 DCD.3 See Art. 25 CISG.4 See Art. 87 CESL.5 See Koch (2016), p. 134 with regard …”

Reiner Schulze Article 5 Supply of the digital content or digital service S. 96-107

„… consumer for that purpose.22 → Art. 1 DCD, mn. 31–32 and → Art. 5 DCD, mn. 31 et seq.23 In the case of Art …” „… either in Art. 5 or in Art. 13; for further details → Art. 5 DCD, mn. 30.Art. 5 Supply of the digital …” „… . However, Art. 18 CRD does not stipulate in such express termsas Art. 5(1) DCD that the trader shall …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 8 Objective requirements for conformity S. 131-168

„… in any way theEuropean Commission.1 → Art. 6 DCD, mn. 7.Objective requirements for conformity Art …” „… normally be used’. An26 → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 6 et seq.; → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 42–43.27 → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 9 et seq …” „… .; → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 44–45.28 cf. Metzger, 581.Objective requirements for conformity Art. 8Dirk …”

Frank Rosenkranz Article 10 Third-party rights S. 183-199

„… , ‘Neues aus Europa zum Vertragsrecht – Die ver-85 For details → Art. 4 DCD.86 Above → mn. 44.87 Above → mn …” „… → Art. 20 DCD.2 cf. Staudenmayer (2019), 684 et seq.3 Schmidt-Kessel, 16, available at …” „… SGDand Art. 10 DCD are to be interpreted in the same sense as far as possible. The parallellegislative …”

Fryderyk Zoll Article 12 Burden of proof S. 212-221

„… SalesDirective (Art. 5(3) CSD). The content of Art. 11(1) SGD and Art. 12(2) DCD are al-most identical and they …” „… , and therefore not be misled into believing that the rules are exactly thesame.Art. 12(3) DCD and Art …” „… considerations → Art. 11 DCD, mn. 21.5 On the factual presumption operating next to the presumption as similar to …”

Damjan Možina Article 22 Mandatory nature S. 332-335

„… et seq.5 See → Art. 8 DCD.Mandatory nature Art. 22Damjan Možina 33312345ments, and accepted the …” „… consumer protection directives of the EU.4Art. 22 DCD follows the basic approach of Art. 7(1) CSD, but …” „… con-tract is brought to the trader’s attention is to secure that the consumer has knowledge of6 → Art. 8 DCD …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Article 18 Time limits and means of reimbursement by the trader S. 306-316

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523 → Art. 16 DCD, mn. 24 et seq.Art. 18 Time limits and means of reimbursement by the trader306 …” „… modalities for this in Art. 18.1 In contrast to the DCD, the SGD provides for aright to terminate the …” „… contract due to a non-conformity and obliges the trader to reim-1 → Art. 16 DCD, mn. 7.Time limits and …”

Reiner Schulze Article 1 Subject matter and purpose S. 11-43

„… objective of establishing a high level of con-sumer protection combines Art. 1 DCD with Art. 169(1) and (2 …” „… of Goods Directive by the express inclusion of commercialguarantees, whereas Art. 1 DCD mentions the …” „… 3.19 Recital 1.20 Recital 2.21 For further details see → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 21 et seq. and → Art. 3 DCD …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 26 Entry into force S. 346

„… (2020), 222 et seq.19 → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 46 et seq.20 See →Art. 8 DCD, mn. 110 et seq.21 …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Article 16 Obligations of the trader in the event of termination S. 278-297

„… deal with therelated modalities. These are dealt with in Art. 18 DCD, which provides the timescaleand …” „… are concerned.9 Below → mn. 12 et seq.10 Art. 2 No. 7; → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 26 et seq. and → Art. 3 DCD …” „… ; → Art. 2 DCD, mn. 31 et seq., → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 46 et seq.20 Art. 4 No. 1 GDPR.21 European Data …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Article 27 Addressees S. 346-347

„… (2020), 222 et seq.19 → Art. 3 DCD, mn. 46 et seq.20 See →Art. 8 DCD, mn. 110 et seq.21 …”

Reiner Schulze Article 24 Transposition S. 336-341

„… → Art. 10 DCD, mn. 61 et seq. → Art. 11 DCD, mn. 37.Art. 24 Transposition338 Reiner Schulze5678II …” „… , C-37/02 and C-38/02 Di Lenardo EU:C:2014:38, paras 79 et seq.7 See Recital 2.8 → Art. 5 DCD, mn …”

Matthias Fervers Article 13 Remedy for the failure to supply S. 221-241

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55IV. Differences between Art. 13 DCD and Art. 18 CRD …” „… . This clearly indicates that inregards to other digital content, only Art. 13 DCD applies in the event …” „… . 22 DCD any contractual term which, to the detriment ofthe consumer, excludes the application of the …”

Esther Arroyo Amayuelas Introduction to Arts 10–11 S. 445-447

„… , p. 166–203.14 Recital 12 DCD.15 Recital 18 SGD.16 Recital 12 DCD; Recital 18 SGD. Incidentally, the …”

Damjan Možina Article 20 Right of redress S. 321-329

„… wording between Art. 4 2nd sentence CSD (‘the person or persons’) andArt. 20 2nd sentence DCD (‘the person …” „… 78 DCD omitsthe reference to freedom of contract. Nevertheless, the right of redress in Art. 20 has a …” „… www.europeanlawinstitute.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/p_eli/Publications/ELI_Statement_on_DCD.pdf (accessed 15 July 2019); Spindler, p. 217 etseq.40 See e.g. Metzger, 581 and Recital 53.41 Art …”

Fryderyk Zoll Article 11 Liability of the trader S. 199-212

„… applica-ble EU directives on seller’s liability, see e.g. → Art. 12 DCD, mn. 5 et seq.2 von Bar/Clive, p. 1338 …” „… CESL. Schulze/Zoll, p. 248, 251–252; Zoll in: Schulze, Art. 87 CESL, mn. 4.8 See → Art. 5 DCD, mn. 23 …” „… see: Schulze/Zoll, p. 42–43,242–243; Zoll, p. 104, 111–112, 121–124.15 For details → Art. 5 DCD, mn …”

Evelyne Terryn, Joyce Vandenbulcke Article 5 Information requirements for contracts other than distance or off-premises contracts S. 347-372

„… Point. 4.3.4.1 CRD Guidance.66 ibid.67 ibid.68 Art. 5(1) DCD.69 Point. 4.3.4.1 CRD Guidance.70 Art. 5(1 …” „… ‘functionality’ underArt. 2 No. 11 DCD see the comments under Digital Content Directive → Art. 2, mn. 39 et seq …” „… Modernisation Directive, in conjunction with Art. 2 No. 12 DCD. Forinformation on the notion of interoperability …”

Matthias Wendland Article 19 Modification of the digital content or digital service S. 316-321

„… provisions – Art. 19 DCD and Art. 15 of the Commission’s Proposalstart from the same assumption that due to …” „… . 15(1) COM(2015) 634 final.2 ibid.3 See also ibid, Recital 43.4 Recital 75 DCD and Recital 43 COM(2015 …”

Esther Arroyo Amayuelas Article 10 Information to be provided S. 447-454

„… ’. See Lodder, p. 42; Weitzenboeck, 224.39 Recital 12 DCD.Information to be provided Art. 10Esther …” „… ; Reich/Micklitz, p. 635; Schaub, p. 67.24 Reich/Micklitz, p. 636.25 Art. 2 No. 13 DCD; Art. 2 No. 11 SGD; Art. 2 …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Article 17 Obligations of the consumer in the event of termination S. 297-306

„… theconsumer has the effect of preventing the trader from processing any of the consumer’s22 cf. → Art. 3 DCD …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523 → Art. 16 DCD, mn. 24 et seq.Art. 18 Time limits and means of reimbursement by the trader306 …”

Evelyne Terryn, Joyce Vandenbulcke Article 14 Obligations of the consumer in the event of withdrawal S. 396-399

„… is in line with Art. 17 DCD that sets outthe obligations of the consumer in case of termination.4 Art …”

Evelyne Terryn, Joyce Vandenbulcke Article 6 Information requirements for distance or off-premises contracts S. 372-385

„… .pdf (accessed 30 July 2019).18 Recitals 20, 29 and 42 DCD and Recitals 6, 11, 26, 38 and 62 SGD.19 Art …” „… Guidance.116 Recital 42 and Art. 7 DCD and Recital 26 and Art. 6 SGD.Formal requirements for distance …”

Dominik Lubasz, Monika Namysłowska Article 5 General information to be provided S. 404-429

„… case-law.22 Recital 24 DCD. See n 47.23 Art. 1(1)(b)(i) Information Provision Directive.24 For details see …” „… on price indication may be applied and Art. 2 No. 7 DCD refers to price paidfor a digital content or …” „… given clearly, comprehensibly and unambiguously.1.63 See above → mn. 12 et seq.64 Recital 23 DCD. See …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Article 15 Exercise of the right of termination S. 272-278

„… discussion of Art. 16(2) → Art. 16 DCD, mn. 25 et seq.Exercise of the right of termination Art. 15Christian …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… DirectiveDCD Digital Content DirectiveDCFR Draft Common Frame of ReferenceDG Directorate-GeneralDNS Domain Name …”

Evelyne Terryn, Joyce Vandenbulcke Article 8 Formal requirements for distance contracts S. 385-396

„… Guidance.116 Recital 42 and Art. 7 DCD and Recital 26 and Art. 6 SGD.Formal requirements for distance …”

Nils Rauer, Lea Kaase Article 3 Obligation to enable cross-border portability of online content services S. 544-556

„… Art. 3(1). It is not defined in the Portability Regulationbut in Art. 2 No. 11 DCD, which was adopted …”

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