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Ownership of Satellites

Mahulena Hofmann (Hrsg.), Andreas Loukakis (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Luxemburger Juristische Studien - Luxembourg Legal Studies

Band 9 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Andreas Loukakis EU as Owner of Galileo Satellites: Consequences for Registration and Liability S. 111-132

„… EU as Owner of Galileo Satellites: Consequences for Registration and Liability Andreas Loukakis …” „… , “Civil Liability for Satellite Based Services”, Uniform Law Review, 2008, p.935. EU as Owner of Galileo …” „… Owner of Galileo Satellites: Consequences for Registration and Liability 119 cations connected to the …”

Ioanna Thoma Transfer of Satellites in Orbit: the ESA Experience S. 97-110

„… damage caused by a space object. The Liability Convention further develops this main principle of …” „… ) Liability Convention). A satellite qualifies as a space object given that it is a man-made object launched …” „… are launched, are liable for such damage (Article VII OST and Liability Convention mentioned above …”

Armel Kerrest Legal Aspects of Transfer of Ownership and Transfer of Activities S. 75-84

„… the space object according to the Liability Convention. The State of the new owner is responsible for …” „… increase in Outer Space. The current legal system which puts a heavy burden of control and liability on …” „… may be connected with a transfer of States control and liability. Introduction The issue chosen for …”

Jean-François Mayence The Relevance of the Concept of 'Ownership' in Space Activities and their Regulation S. 45-64

„… the liability chain. Furthermore, forthcoming technologies such as active debris removal will likely …” „… increase the role of the owner in his capacity of holder of property right, in the implementation of …” „… will continue to bear the heavy liability for activities that are becoming more and more global: at …”

Frans von der Dunk Transfer of Ownership in Orbit: from Fiction to Problem S. 27-44

„… 5.2° E to a position at 13° W, where it better served its new owner’s business purposes.4 More …” „… orbit, but a case of transfer of nationality of the owner of a satellite in orbit from one country to …” „… other owners, in 2007 was bought for 64% by Loral, a US company.8 In other words, not a case of transfer …”

Mahulena Hofmann Ownership of Satellites: A Simple Legal Fact with Complex Consequences S. 15-26

„… satellite is an important legal title which empowers its owner or owners to use it, to collect its products …” „… liability for a damage caused by this object is a consequence of the fact that the given State was a …” „… of such transfers – a change of the nationality of the owner of the satellite in orbit from one …”

Gerry Oberst Models of Ownership: Condominium and Hosted Payload Satellites S. 133-146

„… condominium satellite usually means that there is more than one owner of the satellite infrastructure, not …” „… owners share the bus, the power system, the reflectors, and 1. * Gerry Oberst is Senior Vice President …” „… owners use satellite frequencies under rights by more than one country on the same satellite. This …”

Bernhard Schmidt-Tedd, Martin Reynders Cross-Border Transfer of Operation (Ownership) of Satellites – Solutions in Line with the Space Treaties S. 65-74

„… outer space activities have not only increased in number, as more and more States initiated their own …” „… the present situation, Art. VII OST allocates liability with the launching State(s) of the space …” „… liability are well known concepts in public international law, the concept of ‘jurisdiction and control …”

Natercia Rodrigues, Kamran Memon United Nations Practice in Registering Space Objects S. 85-96

„… liability for space objects. However, the registration practices are diverse, with Member States often …” „… establish their own national registries of space objects and are also required to inform the …” „… information, such as: (i) The date of change in supervision; (ii) The identification of the new owner or …”

Lesley Jane Smith The Cape Town Convention and the Space Assets Protocol: Considerations after the Event S. 271-286

„… Outer Space Treaty, the 1972 Convention on Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, and the 1975 …” „… Liability Convention does not relate to financial or economic damage arising from non-compliance with …” „… , the liability of the launching State regulated in Art VII OST, and thereafter the Liability Convention …”

Simona Spassova Harmful Interference and Ownership of Satellites (or Frequencies) in Outer Space S. 205-224

„… Luxembourg. 205 understanding how a satellite system works, irrespective of who the owner is or who …” „… international treaty instruments, namely the Outer Space Treaty5 and the Liability Convention.6 The basis of …” „… , January 27, 1967. 6 Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, opened for …”

Ingo Baumann, Oliver Heinrich Key Contractual Aspects in Hosted Payload and Condominium Satellite Projects S. 147-162

„… Ownership of the Payload Client Client each party owns its payload(s) Ownership of the Satellite Bus Host …” „… Satellite For a condominium satellite, there is no host or client. Instead, the parties are co-owners of the …” „… satellite bus, often with equal shares, and each party owns its payload(s). Several approaches are possible …”

Srinivasan Venkatasubramanian Interaction between Registration of Space Objects and the Protection of Frequency Assignment S. 175-186

„… space, liability for damages caused by them, exploration and use of outer space and Celestial Bodies …” „… possible States that might be involved in launching of space objects – the State that owns the launcher and …” „… intended to ensure that the States act in matters of limiting frequency assignments to its own operators to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Transfer of Satellites in Orbit: the ESA Experience 97 Ioanna Thoma EU as Owner of Galileo Satellites …” „… : Consequences for Registration and Liability 111 Andreas Loukakis IV. Ownership or Use of Satellites by Several …” „… Use of Spectrum by Various Owners or Users of Satellites Interrelation between Space Law and ITU Law …”

Elina Morozova Leasing of Orbital Positions S. 187-204

„… operators. At the same time, the use of Intersputnik’s own satellite capacity could reduce its dependence …” „… and help it grow on its own in the interests of the member States. 1. 1.1. 6 Hereinafter, the words …” „… organization, which performs the functions of a satellite operator. Own Radio-Frequency Spectrum This status …”

Francis Lyall Interrelation between Space Law and ITU Law S. 163-174

„… V. The Use of Spectrum by Various Owners or Users of Satellites Interrelation between Space Law …” „… return, registration, liability and the Moon. We now also have the UN Resolutions on National Legislation …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845281476

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Chinese Civil Law

Yuanshi Bu (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2013

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-21

„… .................................................................................... 249 IX. Animal Owner's Liability …” „… .................................................................... 181 a. Fairness Liability/Equity Liability …” „… discussions in China, rather than aspire to develop their own ideas, which would otherwise go far beyond the …”

. Special Types of Torts S. 218-260

„… to the Question of Whether the Victim May Sue the Trademark Owner in a Product Liability Case …” „… , the liability is split between them according to their own fault. It can be inferred from this …” „… provision that in this case, motor vehicle owner’s liability is fault-based. If neither party is at fault …”

. Liability for Breach of Contract S. 111-126

„… 106 Funing Huang Chapter 7. Liability for Breach of Contract Literature: CHENG Xiao (程啸), Breach of …” „… , 70-116. CUI Jianyuan (崔建远), On the Nature and Status of Guarantee Liability against Defects of Goods …” „… ), Beijing 1999. HAN Shiyuan (韩世远), Non-Pecuniary Damage and Contract Liability (非财产上损害与合同责任), Law Science …”

. Overview S. 176-208

„… . 83 (non-genuine joint and several liability between an animal owner/keeper and a third person). In …” „… Law.34 a. Fairness Liability/Equity Liability Fairness liability or equity liability has been …” „… issue of causation. 3. Force Majeure Force majeure constitutes a general liability-excluding ground …”

Relevant Laws & Regulations S. 261-263

„… Trademark Owner in a Product Liability Case (最高人民法院关于产品侵权案件的受害人能否以产品的商标所有人为被告提起民事诉讼的批复) 7/11/2002 7/28/2002 …” „… --- Anti-Unfair Competition Law (反不正当竞争法) 9/2/1993 12/1/1993 Provisions of the Limitation of Liability With …” „… Liability for Emotional Damages in Civil Torts (最高人民法院关于确定民事侵权精神损害赔偿责任若干问题的解释) 3/8/2001 3/10/2001 …”

. Standard Form Contracts S. 127-135

„… own liability, imposes heavier liability on the other party, or precludes the other party’s major …” „… standard term is invalid when the providing party exempts his own liability (art. 40), then the providing …” „… other party of the terms that exempt or limit the providing party’s liability. If requested by the other …”

. General Provision on Tort Liability S. 209-217

„… liability for compensation caused by one’s own misconduct, namely, the fault-based tort liability for …” „… 204 Yuanshi Bu Chapter 11. General Provision on Tort Liability Literature: DING Chunyan (丁春艳 …” „… ), Study on the Compensation Liability for „Wrongful Birth“ Cases (“错误出生案件”之损害赔偿责任研究), Peking University …”

. Overview S. 264-281

„… term “joint and several” (连带) instead of “jointly” (共同 ) with respect to the common owners’ liability …” „… to Possession in Tort Liability Law (论侵权责任法对占有的保护), Law Science Magazine (法学杂志) 2010, No. 2, 113-115 …” „… scholarly discussion. 12 However, the discussion relating to the Tort Liability Law has, to a certain …”

. Legal Capacity, Legal Representative and Agency S. 31-46

„… unable to identify or understand his/her own conduct, is legally deemed to have no capacity for carrying …” „… supports his/her living mainly by his/her own working income is also deemed to have full capacity for …” „… company abuses the rules of the legal person's independent status and shareholder's limited liability and …”

. Property Rights, Obligations and Intellectual Property Rights S. 378-406

„… (RRL)1, the Contract Law, and the Law on Tort Liability2.The main sources of intellectual property (IP …” „… governed by the lex personalis of their owners. Since the 19th century, this rule gradually became obsolete …” „… Liability and the GPCL (Section 3 of Chapter 6) stand as the core of China’s tort law system, providing …”

. Formation and Validity of Contracts S. 70-86

„… bear the liability for breaking the pre-contract or to rescind the pre-contract.16 2. Validity of …” „… contract can only claim compensation on grounds of pre-contractual liability. However, if one party has …” „… corporation may conclude a contract in its own name because it is regarded as a type of “other organization …”

. Particular Types of Contracts S. 136-172

„… Contracting Fault Liability in a Gift Contract (赠与合同中赠与人的缔约过失责任), Journal of Nanyang Normal University …” „… his own, then the place of delivery is the place where the goods are actually delivered to the buyer …” „… proposed that the CL should also establish an independent liability system for defect warranties, because …”

. Condominium Property S. 307-313

„… together with the other joint owners. 1 These three elements of condominium ownership are inextricably …” „… transferred, the acquirer automatically also becomes a joint owner of the common parts of the building and …” „… clarifies that this term does not only apply to the legal owner of a specified exclusive part of a building …”

. Overview S. 22-30

„… ) law of tort liability, and (9) private international law.12 II. Sources of Civil Law As mentioned …” „… , Tort Liability Law17, Succession Law18, Marriage Law19 and Adoption Law20. (2) Administrative …” „… ' rights, and (iii) to avoid abusing his/her own civil rights.40 This is the moral standard in a …”

. Statute of Limitations S. 47-60

„… different priorities in protecting the legal rights of the original property owner against the interests of …” „… to suspend the period of limitation.58 d. Joint Debtors In respect of joint liability debtors, if the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845266350

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Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium - Liability in the Third Millennium

Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi (Hrsg.), Christine Godt (Hrsg.), Peter Rott (Hrsg.), Lesley Jane Smith (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen (ZERP)

Band 52 2009

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Lesley Jane Smith Grounding Space: Liability for commercial space operations S. 607-626

„… 49 The Liability Convention contains its own rules for filing diplomatic claims to the Compensation …” „… decided in late December 2007 heralds a host of challenging liability-related issues for GNSS space-based …” „… 607 Grounding Space: Liability for commercial space operations Lesley Jane Smith* Abstract 607 A …”

Nuno Ferreira Fundamental Rights, Constitutional Principles, and the Law of Torts: Tortfeasors v. Tort Victims S. 49-84

„… own personality.110 Canaris goes beyond the individual aspect of age of liability in torts, and …” „… to Development of One’s Own Personality 62 4. Right to Private Autonomy 66 II. Constitutional …” „… damage, according to the reading of the general liability provision, Article 2043 Codice Civile Italiano …”

Thomas Giegerich Another Incoming Tide? Tort Liability in Public International Law S. 577-606

„… 577 Another Incoming Tide? Tort Liability in Public International Law Thomas Giegerich* A. From …” „… the “Europeanization” to the “Internationalization” of Tort Law 578 I. Tort Liability of the European …” „… Considerations 581 B. Tort Liability in International Human Rights Law 582 I. Human Rights Treaties Concluded …”

Walter van Gerven Judicial Convergence of Laws and Minds in European Tort Law and Related Matters S. 29-50

„… Constitutional Perspective(s) on Liability 29 Judicial Convergence of Laws and Minds in European Tort Law and …” „… the point of law at issue – that is accepting liability in the case of multiple causation.8 At the end …” „… themselves in the same fashion as in one’s own jurisdiction.10 II. Mutual learning is not a monopoly of the …”

Mauro Bussani, Marta Infantino Fault, Causation and Damage in the Law of Negligence. A Comparative Appraisal S. 145-156

„… D. Variety of subjective paradigms 150 E. Fault and its nuances 151 F. Apportioning liability 152 …” „… approaches negligence liability1 by treating each element of the cause of action (i.e.: fault, harm, its …” „… present purposes, we shall equate the phrase ‘negligence liability’ with the continental meanings of …”

Joseph A. Page Reflections on Pain-And-Suffering Damages in the United States S. 193-216

„… attorney’s fees incurred by defendant.18 The issues of liability and damages would be litigated in the same …” „… suit,19 even though a verdict of no liability would render moot the question of damages. There is, of …” „… course, always a risk that in considering liability, jurors might be improperly influenced by the …”

Giovanni Comandé Patients’ Medical Tourism and Electronic Health Records: Mobility between Sector Regulations and Systemic Interactions S. 331-344

„… liability 337 E. Paper medical records vs. Electronic medical records 340 F. Malpractice standards and …” „… argument, this thesis will be corroborated with the example of the interplay between medical liability and …” „… liability for damages, issues which are intertwined with the occasion of processing personal data. B …”

Bill W. Dufwa Horizontal Effect of the European Convention: Swedish Case Law S. 85-110

„… evidence. Thus the State ought not to be able to escape a liability to pay damages by referring to its own …” „… 2007 s. 747 102 1. Introduction 102 2. Liability of the State 103 3. Liability of the individual 104 …” „… treating the liability of the State in favor of the individuals, the rights and obligations between …”

Norbert Reich “Federalism and Effective Legal Protection” – Some thoughts about a recent study by Johan Lindholm ‘State procedure and Union rights’ S. 381-394

„… V. Haftungsrecht der Europäischen Union Liability in the European Union 381 “Federalism and …” „… lively interest in the comparative development of rules on civil liability effectively safeguarding the …” „… liability law1 of which a preliminary conceptual version appeared in the liber amicorum dedicated to this …”

Franz Werro The Right to Inform v. the Right to be Forgotten: A Transatlantic Clash S. 285-300

„… in which we dealt, together in the torts group, first with strict liability3 and, more recently …” „… . Werro/V. Palmer (eds), The Boundaries of Strict Liability in European Tort Law, Durham et al., 2004. 4 …” „… the extent to which the press has a personality right of its own to reveal information about a person …”

Vernon Valentine Palmer Immaterial Damages, the Protection of Personality Interests and the Relevance of Contract Law S. 215-224

„… in contract, in tort or even under a strict liability statute. The question is whether a contract …” „… be compensated.24 The relevance of contractual liability to the protection of personality rights is …” „… owner of the horse hired a trainer (the second plaintiff) who arranged for the horse to be stabled at …”

Hans-W. Micklitz The Service Directive – Consumer contract law making via standardisation S. 483-508

„… , payment 505 2. Rights and remedies (withdrawal, compensation and liability) 506 V. Post-contractual …” „… assessment of their activities by independent or accredited bodies; b) drawing up their own quality charter …” „… liability is mentioned, mostly in conjunction with possible (not clearly) recommended insurances. V …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-26

„… Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium Liability in the Third Millennium Colombi …” „… Ciacchi/Christine Godt/ Peter Rott/Lesley Jane Smith (Hrsg.) Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium Liability in the …” „… impact on the legal theory of liability in torts. In his earlier years in Frankfurt as assistant to …”

Patrick O’Callaghan Remedies in Tort Law: Coherence in a Muddle? S. 131-146

„… and organisational liability, common law and French legal rules are critically evaluated from a …” „… that there were three grounds of liability in tort law – intent, negligence and strict liability …” „… , greatly influenced by German ideas.’12 The common law eventually began to stand on its own theoretical …”

Zhu Yan The Legislative Background of Chinese Tort Law and Its Key Issues S. 111-128

„… . Enumeration? 116 II. Fault Liability v. Strict Liability (No-Fault Liability) 117 III. Protective Scope of …” „… Centering on Enterprise Liability 123 I. The Transformation of the Modern Society and Enterprise Liability …” „… 123 II. Modern Tort Law and Enterprise Liability 124 III. The Position of the Enterprise Liability …”

Giorgio Resta ‘Guilty Until Proven Innocent’: Trial by Media and European Law S. 243-284

„… media liability for unfair legal reporting, see N.N., Media Liability for Reporting Suspects’ Identities …” „… as a contempt of court under the strict liability rule if the risk of impediment or prejudice to …” „… differentiate between the American and other common law experiences, see e.g. Media Liability for Reporting …”

Gunther Teubner Kannibalisierung des Wissens: Schutz kultureller Diversität durch transnationales Recht? S. 553-576

„… , 2005, 559, 606. 23 Hierzu auch M. F. Brown, Who Owns Native Culture?, Cambridge, London, 2004, 107 f …” „… with its own customs, and preserves its social and economic institutions.”90 Die Partizipation dieser …” „… , . 97 KOM(2006) 168 endg., vom 26.4.2006. 98 So verweisen liability regimes regelmäßig zugleich …”

Axel Halfmeier Zur Entwicklung des Internationalen Deliktsrechts im neuen Mittelalter S. 511-532

„… VI. Haftung und Internationales Recht Liability in International Law 511 Zur Entwicklung des …” „… proposition is that [...] every nation possesses an exclusive sovereignty and jurisdiction within its own …”

Reinhard Damm Prädiktive Gesundheitsinformationen, Persönlichkeitsrechte und Drittinteressen: Prinzipiendiskussion und Rechtspolitik S. 303-332

„… IV. Haftung in der Medizin Medical Liability 303 Prädiktive Gesundheitsinformationen …” „… what shall be done with his own body; and a surgeon who performs an operation without his patient …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845213859

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Produktsicherheit und Marktüberwachung im Ostseeraum

Hans-W. Micklitz, Thomas Roethe

Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Europäisches Wirtschafts- und Verbraucherrecht e.V.

Band 26 2008

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Dänemark S. 65-79

„… .................................................................. 70 III. State liability …” „… ..................................................................................................................... 70 1. Liability in case of an illegal warning (a warning which after its issuance turned out to be …” „… .......................................................................................... 70 b) The legal status regarding State liability …”

Schweden S. 191-209

„… ? ................... 200 IV. State liability …” „… .................................................................................................................. 201 1. Liability in case of an illegal warning …” „… ............................................................................. 202 2. Liability in case of a legally justified warning …”

Finnland S. 93-115

„… .................................... 107 III. State liability …” „… ................................................................................................................ 107 1. Liability in case of illegal warning …” „… ................................................................................. 107 2. Liability in case of a legal warning …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206943

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Digital Revolution: Challenges for Contract Law in Practice

Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Dirk Staudenmayer (Hrsg.)

2016

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Erica Palmerini, Andrea Bertolini Liability and Risk Management in Robotics S. 225-260

„… the robot’s owner could still apply, based on existing models such as the vicarious liability for …” „… Liability Directive or PLD). 56 Often specific rules provide that the owner of the animal is held liable for …” „… negligence or specific norms, e.g. the liability of the owner of the vehicle. Over time, absent legal reform …”

Rolf H. Weber Contractual Duties and Allocation of Liability in Automated Digital Contracts S. 163-188

„… Contractual Duties and Allocation of Liability in Automated Digital Contracts Rolf H. Weber …” „… liability in the light of the newest EU-initiatives related to the digital economy. Digital Contracts …” „… of such contracts (partly and fully automated) and determines which party will bear the liability in …”

Caroline Meller-Hannich Share Economy and Consumer Protection S. 119-132

„… offer of providing affordable accommodation to the offer of a sofa in your own living room, either for …” „… providers organised in the form of Gesellschaften mit beschränkter Haftung [limited liability companies …” „… most well-known platform for this, ‘Why own it’, ceased trading in March of this year. It appears that …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Conformity of 3D prints – Can current Sales Law cope? S. 35-68

„… Secondary Liability in Additive Layer Manufacturing’ (2014) 16 Columbia Science and Technology Law Review …” „… Berkowitz, ‘Strict Liability for Individuals? The impact of 3-D printing on Products Liability Law’ (2014 …” „… Printing and Product Liability: Identifying the Obstacles’ (2013) 162 University of Pennsylvania Law Review …”

Christiane Wendehorst Consumer Contracts and the Internet of Things S. 189-224

„… owner had. Liability of the producer and the supplier of digital content Any extended notion of …” „… infrastructure.1 In the narrowest sense, IoT covers only devices with their own IP address. In a wider and more …” „… goods.7 This implies that the supply of smart things is subject to a scheme of contractual liability …”

Geraint Howells, Chris Willett 3D Printing: The Limits of Contract and Challenges for Tort S. 67-86

„… some form of liability-and if this cannot be in contract, then it must be in tort. A second point …” „… parties directly or through sharing platforms. They can use printers in their own home or take their code …” „… between the code, printer, materials and the persons using them – all issues that affect how liability …”

Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer Digital Revolution – Challenges for Contract Law S. 19-32

„… , patents etc.), tort law (e.g. product liability) and even criminal law.23 Whereas within the scope of this …” „… Product Liability: Identifying the Obstacles’ (2013) 162 University of Pennsylvania Law Review Online 35 …” „… implications both in contract and also in tort liability regimes, more specifically the liability (and …”

Rafael Illescas Ortiz Share Economy and the Consumer Concept S. 111-118

„… to note that Internet users can choose their own commercial or non-commercial activities. The …” „… the special rules on provider’s liability in Arts 12, 13 and 14 e-Commerce Directive. These rules mean …” „… de iure a very limited liability in three very relevant cases: (i) non-liability by ‘mere conduit’ of …”

Gerd Billen The Challenges of Digitisation for Consumers S. 11-20

„… own data. But these safeguards alone will not suffice. Unless consumer protection is effectively …” „… to independently shop for groceries? What will be my liability if my autonomously driving car causes …” „… , legally speaking? And what are the implications in terms of quality assurance and liability – for instance …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Regulation of Share Economy: A Consistently Changing Environment S. 89-112

„… to negotiate higher rates on some jobs for a variety of reasons; (6) supplied their own vehicles …” „… providing services at some airports and must carry $1 million in liability insurance, (2) Colorado: must …” „… owners and residents from renting out their places unless they remain on the property themselves and …”

Natali Helberger Profiling and Targeting Consumers in the Internet of Things – A New Challenge for Consumer Law S. 135-164

„… computer-implemented intelligence of their own and are able to communicate. The Internet of Things, sometimes also …” „… that smart things collect will have its own quality. Such data is potentially far more situational as …” „… . The arising, complex issues of liability and contractual relationships will be treated in another …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845273488

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