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Fundamentals of Public International Financial Law

Christos Gortsos

Reihe: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Band 89 2012

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The future of public international financial law S. 286-290

„… lawDespite?having?attained?a?very?significant?level?of?international?financial?integrationsince?the?early?1?70 …” „… ? theeventuality?of?future?crises?of?the?magnitude?and?extent?that?we?are?experiencing?today,and?not?to?eliminate?financial?crises?completely.The future of public international financial …” „… s,?the?last?threedecades?have?seen?the?establishment?of?several?international?fora,?which,?along?with?alimited?number?of?international?organisations,?make?up?the?current?institutional?governance?of?the?international …”

Definition, delimitation and branches of public international financial law S. 107-118

„… lawDefinitionPublic?international?financial?law?(hereinafter?also?referred?to?as?‘international?financiallaw’),?together?with?public?international?monetary?law,?constitute?one?of?the?three?(3)branches?of?international?economic?law …” „… ,?the?other?two?being?international?trade?lawand?international?law?of?foreign?investments.253?According?to?the?functional?approachadopted?in?this?study,?public?international?financial?law …” „… ? law,?as?‘law’,?refers?to?institutions?and?torules,?which?no?matter?whether?legally?binding?or?not,257?have?an?impact?on?the?legalorder?of?individual?states.The formation of public international …”

The main sources of public international financial law S. 197-212

„… lawIntroductory?remarksGeneral?remarksThe?international?fora?mentioned?in?Section?Four?above?have?issued?hundreds?of?reportssince?their?establishment,?containing?international?financial?standards?and?constitutingthe?sources?of?public?international?financial?law,?in?its?various?branches,?in?accordancewith?what?is?mentioned?in?Section?Three?(under?A.2 …” „… r?can?consult?the?relevant?internet?sites?ofthese?fora.Another?source?of?public?international?financial?law?is?the?General?Agreement?on?Tradein?Services?(GATS).?With?regard?to?international?trade?in?financial?services?the?provisions?of?the?following?documents?are?also?relevant?in?this?context?(as?already?mentioned?in?Section?Three?above,?under?C?3.2.2 …” „… On?the?contrary,?we?will?concentrate?on?the?following?aspects?with?regard?to?the?sourcesof?public?international?financial?law:(a)?First?of?all,?subsection??1.2 …”

The historical evolution of the institutions of public international financial law S. 118-131

„… of public international financial lawIntroductory?remarksThe?environment?until?1?71Until?1?71 …” „… lawIntroductionIn?subsection?B?we?examined?the?gradual?evolution?of?public?international?financiallaw?in?the?course?of?the?last?four?decades.?We?identified?the?existence?of?several?international?fora,?which?along?with?certain?inter-governmental?fora?and?a …” „… Public?international?law?on?combating?the?use?of?the?financial?system?for?thecommitment?of?economic?crimesThe?public?international?law?on?combating?the?use?of?the?financial?system?for?the?commitment?of?economic?crimes?is?the?branch?of?international …”

The four levels of the making and enforcement of public international financial law S. 131-160

„… lawIntroductionIn?subsection?B?we?examined?the?gradual?evolution?of?public?international?financiallaw?in?the?course?of?the?last?four?decades.?We?identified?the?existence?of?several?international?fora,?which?along?with?certain?inter-governmental?fora?and?a …” „… ?limited?numberof?international?organisations?are?the?main?actors?in?the?process?of?making?and?enforcing?the?rules?of?public?international?financial?law …” „… the sources of public international financial law.34?Due? to? the? severity? of? the? recent …”

Table of Contents S. 9-22

„… DEFINITION,?HISTORICAL?EVOLUTION?AND?LEVELS?OF?MAKINGAND?ENFORCEMENT?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONAL?FINANCIAL?LAWSECTION?THREE10?Definition,?delimitation?and?branches?of?public?international?financial?law. 10?Definition1. 10 …” „… AN?OVERVIEW?OF?THE?SOURCES?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONALFINANCIAL?LAWSECTION?FIVE1??The?main?sources?of?public?international?financial?lawA. 1??Introductory?remarks1. 1 …” „… ?Delimitation2. 110Delimitation?vis-à-vis?public?international?monetary?law2.1 110Other?delimitations2.2 112 …”

INTRODUCTION S. 25-28

„… law”,?containsthe?sections?three?and?four?of?the?study:(a)?In?Section?Three?(“Definition, historical evolution and levels of making and enforcement of public international financial …” „… law”)?the?author?is?presenting:• the?definition?of?public?international?financial?law …” „… INTRODUCTIONThis?study?aims?at?introducing?its?readers?into?public?international?banking?law …”

Extent and scope of adequate regulatory intervention in the financial system S. 282-286

„… ? the?current‘readjustment?process’?of?public?international?financial?law.?In?periods?of?crisis?thereis?always?an?unwarranted?risk?of?overregulation?(and?all?kinds?of?financial?crises?havetaken?place?in?the?course?of?history).?In?this?context,?it?should?be?argued?that,?in?realistic74? See?Norberg?(2009),?p.?134.750 See?under?A?1?in?Section?Two?above.2?5 …” „… ? thereadjustment?of?the?applicable?public?financial? law?at …” „… lawDespite?having?attained?a?very?significant?level?of?international?financial?integrationsince?the?early?1?70 …”

The international fora adopting international financial standards and the Committee on the Global Financial System S. 160-175

„… SystemPublic?international?banking?lawThe?Basel?Committee?on?Banking?SupervisionThe?Basel?Committee?on?Banking?Supervision?is?the?main?forum?for?the?adoption?ofrules?of?public?international?banking?law,?in?the?form?of?international …” „… ,?the?Middle?Eastand?North?Africa,?and?North?America.Public?international?capital?markets?lawThe?International?Organisation?of?Securities?CommissionsEstablishment,?seat?and?membershipThe?International?Organisation?of?Securities?Commissions?(hereinafter?‘IOSCO’)?wasset?up?in?1??3?as?an?international?association?of?securities?regulators.?In?May?2012 …” „… ?Auditing?and?Assurance?Standards?Board.Public?international?insurance?law:?the?International?Association?of?InsuranceSupervisorsEstablishment,?seat?and?membershipThe?International?Association?of?Insurance?Supervisors?(hereinafter?‘IAIS’),?which?isbased?in?Basel?at?the?BIS,?was?set?up?in?1??4 …”

Foreword S. 7-8

„… ForewordThis?book?aims?to?offer?an?integral?overview?of?public?international?banking?law,?aspart?of?the?system?of?international?financial?law …” „… ,?which?is?one?of?the?three?(3)?branchesof?public?international?economic?law?–?alongside?with?public?international …” „… ?monetarylaw.?This?branch?of?public?international?economic?law?has?developed?gradually?overthe?course?of?just?the?last?thirty?years?and?has?been?further?evolving?following?the?recent(2007-200?)?international …”

SECONDARY SOURCES S. 291-314

„… Law,?Oxford?University?Press,Oxford?-?New?YorkBrakman,?S.,?Garretsen,?H.,?van?Marrenwijk,?Ch.,?and?Ar.?van?Witteloostuijn?(2006):?Nationsand Firms in the Global Economy – An Introduction to International Economics and …” „… of International Economic Law,?Volume?13,?No.?1,?March,?Oxford?UniversityPress,?Oxford,?pp.?27-63 …” „… Law,?International?Economic?Law?Series,?paperback,?Oxford?University?Press,?Oxford?-?New?York,?pp.340-3?3Frankel,?A.B.?(2009):? The Risk of Relying on Reputational Capital; A Case Study of the …”

Introductory remarks S. 59-77

„… such information asymmetries differ from those under consumer protection law,given that:• information …” „… law.(ii)?Concurrently,?the?consumer’s?limited?negotiating?capacity?justifies …” „… ),?mainly?on?account?of?different?policy?objectives.102The following analysis is based on the ‘public interest approach’ to regulatory intervention …”

The functions of the financial system S. 29-44

„… ) Finally,?it?should?be?noted?that?certain?legal?acts?that?form?the?sources?of?international,?European?and?national?financial?law?explicitly?treat?the?provision?of?payment?instruments?and?fund?transfer?services?as?financial?services?(see?under?C?3below).In? this? respect,? it? is? the? author’s? view? that? the? function? of?contributing …” „… Traditionally,?stock?exchanges?were?either?bodies?managed?by?their?members?(‘mutualisation’)or?legal?persons?of?public?law …” „… CHAPTER?ONEREGULATORY?INTERVENTION?IN?THEFINANCIAL?SYSTEM?AS?THE?BASIS?FOR?THERULES?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONALFINANCIAL?LAWTHE …”

Titelei S. 2-6

„… Financial LawInternational Banking Law within the system of Public International Financial …” „… WeitzelBUT_Gortsos_7180-9_HC.indd 2 20.07.12 09:33Prof. Dr. Christos GortsosFundamentals of Public International …” „… LawNomosBUT_Gortsos_7180-9_HC.indd 3 20.07.12 09:331. Auflage 2012© Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2012 …”

International supervisory and regulatory developments after the recent (2007-2009) international financial crisis: the contribution of the G20 and the Financial Stability Board (FSB) S. 212-226

„… ?important?decisions?were?made?regarding?the?readjustment?of?the?internationalfinancial?system?and?of?public?international?financial?law.?On?the?basis?of?and?furtherto?the?Action?Plan?for?strengthening?the?financial?sector?announced?at?the?G20 …” „… international financial law. The Report was conducted with theclose cooperation of all the above-mentioned …” „… (a)?In?order?to?protect?public?finances?and?international?standards?against?the?risks?posedby?non-cooperative?states,?all?states?should?adhere?to?the?international …”

In detail: the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision S. 175-196

„… Legal?nature?and?impact?of?the?rules?of?Basel?CommitteeAs?already?mentioned,?the?rules?contained?in?the?reports?issued?by?the?Basel?Committee(as?well?as?those?of?all?other?international?fora)?are?not?legally?enforceable?and?constitute?‘international?soft? law’.?The?Basel?Committee?works?on?the?conviction?that …” „… international financial law currently in force, no internationalorganisation has the power to conduct …” „… Box:?EC?lawThe?issue?of?creating?a?supranational?banking?or,?more?generally,?financial,?supervisory?authority?has?been?examined?extensively,?especially?in?the?aftermath?of?therecent? (2007-200?)? international? financial? crisis? and? in? the? ‘de? Larosière? Report’,50 …”

Current supervisory and regulatory developments at international level: the Progress Report of the Financial Stability Board S. 226-238

„… ?? The?prevalent?term?under?international?economic?law?for?such?establishments?is?‘commercialpresence’?(see?Article?XXVIII(d)?of?the?General?Agreement?on?Trade?in?Services).By?contrast,?under?EU?banking? law,? 'host'? competent?authorities?are?defined?as …” „… he?cost?of?resolution.(b)?It?was?announced?that?the?FSB?published?an?initial?list?of?global?systemically?important?financial?institutions?(G-SIFIs).?These?will?be?submitted?to?strengthened?supervision,?a?new?international?standard?for?resolution?regimes?as?well?as?additionalcapital?requirements?from?2016 …” „… ? implemented?by?the?competent,?on?a?case-by-case?basis,?international?fora.Finally,?it?is?worth?mentioning?that?as?regards?the?international?governance?the?G20members?agreed?with?the?proposal?of?the?UK?Prime?Minister,?David?Cameron,?for?theG20?to?remain?an …”

More specifically: instruments to achieve the policy objective of ensuring banking stability: the ‘bank safety net’ S. 77-106

„… ?the?markets?for?OTC?derivatives?(forwards,?OTC?options,?swaps),?or?the?holding?of?assets?(equity?and?debt).?The?recent?(2007-200?)?international?financial?crisis?provides?the?most?important?evidence?in?this?respect.14 …” „… s.143 See,?in?particular,?International?Monetary?Fund?(2010),?Chapter?2.144 …” „… recent (2007-2009) international financial crisis, the real sectorof the economy may be adversely …”

The regulatory framework of the Basel Committee on the micro-prudential and macro-prudential regulation of international banks S. 248-282

„… cense?to?accept?deposits?fromthe?public?(they?were?not?‘depository?institutions’?according?to?United?States?law)?and?were?notsubject?to?binding?rules?regarding?their?capital?adequacy.?On?this,?see?Posner?(2010),?pp.?55-60,and?Tirole?(2010),?pp.?24-26.Here …” „… ?convergence?ofthe?above-mentioned?micro-prudential?rules,?although?many?states?have?already?adopted?relevant?provisions?in?their?domestic?legislation.(b)?The?second?factor?concerns?macro-prudential?rules,?most?of?which?are?introducedfor?the?first?time?in?public?international?financial?law …” „… ose?the?restrictive?measures?that?they?deem?appropriate?in?order?to?ensure?effective?prudential?supervision?of?the?international?bank’sforeign?establishment.?Such?restrictive?measures?include?the?refusal?to?grant?an?operating?license,?but?only?as?a?last?resort.The?1??6?reportThe?1??6?report?contains?a?list?of?2??conclusions?and?recommendations?“on the …”

TABLES INCLUDED IN THE TEXT S. 23-24

„… Standing?Committees?and?Working?Groups?of?theFinancial?Stability?Board 14?Table?? Institutions?of?public?international?financial?law 157Table …” „… The?four?levels?of?the?making?and?enforcement?of?publicinternational?and?European?financial?law:?a?comparativeview 15?Table?11 International?for?a?(in?chronological?orderof?establishment) 174Table?12 …” „… Minimum?regulatory?capital?of?international?banksaccording?to?the?provisions?of?the?regulatory?frameworkcurrently?in?force?and?the?new?regulatory?framework 277Table?17 …”

Classification of services provided in the financial system S. 49-57

„… )):(a)?The?category?of?services?to?positive?savers?includes?taking?deposits?or?other?repayable?funds?from?the?public,?a?service?that?(according?to?EU?banking?law,?1?and?thelaw?of?most?states? in …” „… Act?(widely?known?as?'Gramm-Leach-Bliley?Act',?Public?Law?106-102,113?Stat.?133?).?On?this?act,?see?briefly?Mishkin?((2007),?pp.?26?-26 …” „… /barnier/headlines/news/2012/01/20120116.?1 Public?Law?111-203,?124?Stat.?1376-2223.?2 …”

Excursus: Groups of financial firms S. 57-59

„… firmsIn?view?of?the?above,?there?are?many?categories?of?financial?firms?allowed?to?provideall?of?the?financial?services?stipulated?by?the?law?of?a?given?state.?Irrespective?of?theapproach?adopted?at?a?given?time?and?at?a?given?state,?a?general?rule?applies:?in?all?statesa?legal?monopoly?has?been?established?in?three?cases …” „… ? financialfirms?in?order?for?the?group?to?effectively?cover?the?entire?spectrum?of?financial?services,?always?taking?into?account?restrictions?laid?down?by?domestic?law.100?6 Regarding?the?risk?arising?from?a?financial?group’s?operation,?see?Dierick?(2004),?pp …” „… ),?mainly?on?account?of?different?policy?objectives.102The following analysis is based on the ‘public interest approach’ to regulatory intervention …”

The infrastructures of the financial system S. 44-49

„… payments”,?Bank?for?International?Settlements,?March,?available?at:?http://www.bis.org/publ/cpss52.htm,?pp.??-15.56 See Committee?on?Payment?and?Settlement?Systems?(2006):?“General guidance for …” „… development”,?Bank?for?International?Settlements,?January,?available?at:?http://www.bis.org/publ/cpss70.htm.57 In?this? field …” „… ? thebeneficiary?(e.g.?single?or?standing?direct?debit?order?for?the?payment?of?public?utility?bills).(b)?In?the?second?case,?the?payer?authorises?his/her?bank.5 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845236391

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Digital Transformations in Public International Law

Angelo Jr. Golia (Hrsg.), Matthias C. Kettemann (Hrsg.), Raffaela Kunz (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht

Band 317 2022

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Angelo Jr Golia, Matthias C. Kettemann, Raffaela Kunz Digital Transformations in Public International Law: An Introduction S. 11-22

„… IntroductionDigital Transformations in Public International Law: An IntroductionAngelo Jr Golia …” „… volume about the regulatory challenges the internet poses to public international law is almost a …” „… not (only) to analyse the application of public international law to the new regulatory fields that …”

Vera Strobel Strategic Litigation and International Internet Law S. 261-284

„… , ‘Public Interest Litigation Before Domestic Courts in The Netherlands on the Basis of International Law …” „… opinions and positions, e.g., in the interpretation of legal regulations in public international law or …” „… impacts of strategic litigation on public international law would be necessary, but would reach beyond the …”

Katharina Luckner #WhoseLawIsItAnyway – How Social Media Augments Civil Society Participation in International Law-Making S. 235-260

„… international law and policy have a significant impact on public well-being in all nation-states around the …” „… international law and negotiate the provision of a public good, computational methods such as agent-based …” „… International Law-MakingKatharina LucknerAbstract Social movements are an important part of a functioning …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… | 317Digital Transformations in Public International LawBeiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht …” „… Kunz [Eds.]Digital Transformations in Public International LawThe Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists …” „… | Matthias C. Kettemann | Raffaela KunzDigital Transformations in Public International LawGolia, Angelo Jr …”

Contributors S. 285-286

„… Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg, GermanyKatharina Luckner PhD Candidate, University of …” „… University, Manchester, UKStefanie Schmahl Professor of German and Foreign Public Law, Public International …” „… Public Law and International Law, University of Gießen, Germany285 …”

Alena Douhan The Changing Nature of Sanctions in the Digital Age S. 99-132

„… Digital Age101The Expanding Nature of Sanctions in International LawThe notion of sanctions is one of the …” „… 45 (2002), 9–34 (13–15); Edward McWhinney, ‘International Law-based Responses to the September 11 …” „… (n. 2); Michael Schmitt, ‘‘Attack’ as a Term of Art in International Law: The Cyber Operations …”

Adam Krzywoń Online Communication and States’ Positive Obligations: Towards Comprehensive European Human Rights Protection S. 205-232

„… generally not directly bound by international human rights law, which is effective predominantly in vertical …” „… , can undermine the effectiveness of long-established public law instruments for human rights protection …” „… (2nd edn, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications 2006), 128; Molly Land, ‘Toward an International Law …”

Edoardo Celeste The Constitutionalisation of the Digital Ecosystem: Lessons from International Law S. 47-74

„… ‘International Law and the Internet’ hosted by the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and …” „… on Public International Law,’ Collected Courses of The Hague Academy of International Law 281 (1999 …” „… System (DOS), public international law.43 The European Court of Justice would have transformed an …”

Rossella Pulvirenti The Impact of the Internet on International Criminal Law S. 179-204

„… The Impact of the Internet on International Criminal LawRossella PulvirentiAbstract This chapter …” „… through the internet and, thus, how the internet has changed International Criminal Law (ICL). More …” „… Criminal Law (ICL) under two different perspectives. First, it enhances the quality of the international …”

Pia Hüsch Error 404: No Sovereignty Analogy Found S. 25-46

„… international law to cyberspace. These challenges have not gone unnoticed, and international legal scholarship …” „… cyberspace and, more generally, how the predominantly territorial understanding of existing international law …” „… consensus that international law applies to cyberspace5 and the absence of a comprehensive international …”

Uchenna Jerome Orji Rethinking the African Union Non-Aggression Treaty as a Framework for Promoting Responsible State Behavior in Cyberspace S. 77-98

„… international law academics to study how international law applies to cyber oppressions conducted by States.7 …” „… that general principles of existing international law apply to cyber operations without the need for …” „… : https://cdcoe.org/research/tallinn-manual/.8 Michael N. Schmitt (ed.), Tallinn Manual on International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare …”

Stefanie Schmahl Digitalisation and International Human Rights Law: Opportunities and Critical Challenges S. 135-178

„… Kittichaisaree, Public International Law of Cyberspace (Cham: Springer 2017), 23; Victoria Ibold, ‘Transnational …” „… international law’s content.64 However, this duty contains a further obligation upon States parties to ensure …” „… Part IIIRightsDigitalisation and International Human Rights Law: Opportunities and Critical …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748931638

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International Investment Law

Marc Bungenberg (Hrsg.), Jörn Griebel (Hrsg.), Stephan Hobe (Hrsg.), August Reinisch (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2015

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Rainer Hofmann III. The Protection of Individuals under Public International Law S. 46-63

„… international invest-ment law.III. The Protection of Individuals under Public International LawRainer Hofmann …” „… III. The Protection of Individuals under Public International LawRainer HofmannA. Introduction …” „… traditional public international law andcontemporary public international law.Under the former (i.e …”

Burkhard Schöbener IV. Outlook on the Developments in Public International Law and the Law Relating to Aliens S. 64-79

„… IV. Outlook on the Developments in Public International Law andthe Law Relating to AliensBurkhard …” „… legal trainee Mr. Markus Jobst, both ofwhom have worked at the Department for Public Law, International …” „… , there has been a development in public inter-national law that at least acknowledges that an individual …”

Stephan Hobe I. The Development of the Law of Aliens and the Emergence of General Principles of Protection under Public International Law Stephan HobeThe Development of the Law of Aliens S. 6-22

„… RudolfBernhardt (ed), Encyclopedia of Public International Law, vol. 1 (North Holland, 1981) 1102et seq.; Andrea …” „… Public International Law (Oxford University Press, 2003); Carlos Calvo, Le Droit Interna-tional …” „… , ‘Law of Aliens’ in: Rudolf Bernhardt (ed), Encyclopedia of Public InternationalLaw, vol. 1 (Elsevier …”

Markus Krajewski III. Investment Law and Public Services S. 1629-1643

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Literature: Francesco Costamagna, ‘Regulating Public Services and International InvestmentLaw’ in …” „… example, one of the most comprehensive treatises on investment law and public law, thevolume International …” „… international investment law on public ser-vices it is necessary to determine if and how public services can or …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XLVIII

„… ...................III. 46Rainer HofmannOutlook on the Developments in Public International Law and the LawRelating to …” „… . & Int’lL.Austrian Review of European and International LawAVR Archiv des Völkerrechts(Archive of Public …” „… Journal of International LawBus. Law. Business LawyerBus. L. Int’l Business Law International …”

Marc Bungenberg, Jörn Griebel , Stephan Hobe, August Reinisch Chapter 1: General Introduction to International Investment Law S. 1-5

„… development not only of a new field oflaw but of the whole of public international law, especially by giving …” „… Aliens and the Emergence of GeneralPrinciples of Protection under Public International Law’, ch. 2.I …” „… the Law of Aliens and the Emergence of GeneralPrinciples of Protection under Public International Law …”

Pierre-Marie Dupuy, Jorge E. Viñuales VIII. Human Rights and Investment Disciplines: Integration in Progress S. 1739-1767

„… law:constitutional links to human rights law, and the incidence of international pub-lic policy.A first possibility …” „… determining the scope of anarbitration clause is the potential reference to public international law in the …” „… international treaties, customary interna-tional law, and general principles. This possibility to rely on public …”

Catharine Titi IX. International Investment Law and Good Governance S. 1768-1783

„… , especiallyin light of international investment law’s increased exposure to public scrutiny, itis important to …” „… public international law level, good governance refers to public gover-nance and this is the focus of the …” „… Kulick, GlobalPublic Interest in International Investment Law (Cambridge University Press, 2012) 317 …”

Karsten Nowrot Chapter 10: Obligations of Investors S. 1154-1185

„… ; Andreas Kulick,Global Public Interest in International Investment Law (Cambridge University Press, 2012)57 …” „… ., 1587–1603 and RainerHofmann, ‘The Protection of Individuals under Public International Law’, ch. 2.III …” „… agreements that provide for investment pro-visions23 constitute the public international law ‘backbone’ of …”

Ursula Kriebaum VIII. Expropriation S. 959-1030

„… Public International Law (Ox-ford University Press, 2003); John P. Bullington, ‘Problems of International …” „… Public Law – Searching for Light in the Dark’ in Stephan W. Schill (ed), In-ternational Investment Law …” „… in 1974 by2 For a historical perspective of the public international law norms on the protection of …”

Marc Jacob, Stephan W. Schill I. Fair and Equitable Treatment: Content, Practice, Method S. 700-763

„… Stephan W. Schill (ed), International Investment Law and Comparative Public Law(Oxford University Press …” „… Equitable Treatment, the Ruleof Law and Comparative Public Law’ in Stephan W. Schill (ed), International …” „… 442–485.13 On viewing international investment law as a public law discipline and making use of com-parative …”

Lars Markert, Helene Bubrowski B. National Setting Aside Proceedings in Investment Arbitration S. 1460-1481

„… International TradeLaw with regard to the UNCITRAL Model Law:It was understood that the term ‘public policy …” „… findings, particularly in matters of public interna-tional law.3431. See also Argentina v. BG Group PLC, US …” „… Court, ibid., p. 16).32 An example of a prima facie test in public international law was elaborated by …”

André von Walter I. Investor-State Contracts in the Context of International Investment Law S. 80-92

„… international law according to the classic rules of public interna-tional law. The applicable law to those …” „… international law should not, however, leadto the conclusion that public international law could not require the …” „… princi-ples of public international law and give rise to the international responsibility ofthe State party to …”

Ole Spiermann IV. Investment Arbitration: Applicable Law S. 1373-1390

„… public inter-national law rather than conflicts of laws. Public international law lays down2.sieur Y c …” „… contemplated fromthe point of view of public international law.Party AutonomyThere is a strong presumption that …” „… is presumed that general principles of law, orsimply public international law, is applicable.6 This …”

Katharina Diel-Gligor, Rudolf Hennecke D. Investment in Accordance with the Law S. 566-576

„… rooted in public international law.13 Otherwise, it wouldbe possible for the respondent State to …” „… public international law and its principlesand policies, the latter controls.24Other arbitral tribunals …” „… host State law and/or public interna-tional law warrants a deprivation of investment protection. Still …”

Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan VI. Investment Law and Intellectual Property Rights S. 1692-1713

„… Chiew, Intellectual Property, Public Health and International Investment Law(master thesis on file with …” „… Principles in International IP- and Investment LawObligations to grant national treatment are at the core of …” „… Schreuer (eds), The Oxford Handbook of International Investment Law(Oxford University Press, 2008 …”

Ralph Alexander Lorz, Manuel Busch E. Investment in Accordance with the Law – Specifically Corruption S. 577-589

„… ), The Max PlanckEncyclopedia of Public International Law (Oxford University Press, 2008–2012), available …” „… : Standards of Treatment (Kluwer LawInternational, 2009) 526–528.45 Richard Kreindler in Hobér, Magnusson and …” „… Anne Marie Whitesell(eds), Global Reflections on International Law, Commerce and Dispute Resolution …”

Bruno Simma, Dirk Pulkowski I. Two Worlds, but Not Apart: International Investment Law and General International Law S. 361-371

„… ‘cannot be read and interpreted in isolation from public international law,and its general principles’.7 …” „… harmoniously. While public international lawprovides the discursive deep structure for investment law, the …” „… LawI. Two Worlds, but Not Apart: International Investment Law and GeneralInternational LawBruno Simma …”

Catherine Kessedjian III. Where Public meets Private: a Few Thoughts on Investment Law and Arbitration S. 1879-1883

„… http://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/public_statement.5 Surya P. Subedi, International Investment Law – Reconciling Policy and Principle (Hart …” „… III. Where Public meets Private: a Few Thoughts on Investment Law andArbitration1Catherine …” „… foreign investors. Interna-tional law requires non-discrimination and national treatment, but the system …”

Andrea K. Bjorklund B. NAFTA’s Contributions to Investor-State Dispute Settlement S. 261-282

„… international law,including fair and equitable treatment and full protection and security.’7 The Ar-ticle 1105 …” „… (Kluwer Law International, 2006, updated 2008, 2009); Céline Lévesque, ‘Influences on theCanadian FIPA …” „… treatment in international investment law: nationaltreatment; the minimum standard of treatment; and the …”

Kaj Hobér II. Does Investment Arbitration have a Future? S. 1873-1878

„… precedent, staredecisis, in public international law, nor, for that matter in international arbi-tration in …” „… have al-ways enjoyed protection under customary international law. Prior to theBIT era, however, the …” „… arbitration.Chapter 14: The Future of International Investment Law1876 Kaj Hobér8(b) One issue which remains a problem …”

Irmgard Marboe I. The System of Reparation and Questions of Terminology S. 1031-1044

„… Liability: A Functionaland Comparative View’ in Stephan Schill (ed), International Investment Law and Public …” „… and Comparative View’ in Stephan Schill (ed), Internation-al Investment Law and Public Law (Oxford …” „… ExpropriationUnder public international law, it is generally recognised that a State has theright to expropriate …”

Ursula Kriebaum III. Arbitrary/Unreasonable or Discriminatory Measures S. 790-806

„… Francioni, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann (eds), Hu-man Rights in International Investment Law and Arbitration …” „… , 2008) 63–100; Olivier De Schutter, International Hu-man Rights Law (Cambridge University Press, 2010 …” „… ); Stephen Vasciannie, ‘The Fair and Eq-uitable Treatment Standard in International Investment Law and …”

Christian Tietje XI. Investment Law and Sovereign Wealth Funds S. 1802-1816

„… the General Body of Rules of Public Interna-tional Law’, ch. 5, 361 et seq. and ‘Standards of …” „… , 2011); Markus Burgstaller, ‘Sovereign wealth funds and inter-national investment law’, in Chester Brown …” „… and Diego Devos (eds), International Monetary and Finan-cial Law – The Global Crisis (Oxford …”

Index S. 1913-1952

„… 1944provisional applicationChapter 4 III A 15public authority in international lawChapter 13 XII 68 …” „… public emergency Chapter 4 I 25public international law Chapter 5 I 1public law concept Chapter 8 I …” „… ;Chapter 11 IV 36; Chapter 13 VII 20– customary international lawChapter 5 I 17– English law Chapter 6 II …”

Karl-Heinz Böckstiegel I. The Future of International Investment Law – Substantive Protection and Dispute Settlement S. 1863-1872

„… Present State of DevelopmentPublic international law has always included some substantive rules of …” „… may have effects on the scope of the law applicable toinvestments.Public international law will …” „… treaty of public in-ternational law such as a BIT or according to the ICSID Convention. Thereby,general …”

August Reinisch IV. The Likely Content of Future EU Investment Agreements S. 1884-1903

„… Schill (ed), International InvestmentLaw and Comparative Public Law (Oxford University Press, 2010 …” „… Competence’ in August Reinisch and Christina Knahr (eds), International InvestmentLaw in Context (Eleven …” „… Future of International Investment Law1886 August Reinisch567finalised. Rather, the nitty-gritty still …”

Yun-I Kim I. Investment Law and the Individual S. 1585-1601

„… International LawThe role of the individual and their perception in public international law hassignificantly …” „… public international law. With few ex-ceptions,1 no similar mechanism of noteworthy effect has been …” „… contribution by Rainer Hofmann, ‘The Protection of Individuals under Pub-lic International Law’, ch. 2.III …”

Jorge E. Viñuales VII. Investment Law and Sustainable Development: The Environment breaks into Investment Disputes S. 1714-1738

„… Comparative Public Law (Oxford University Press, 2010) 279–315; ChesterBrown, A Common Law of International …” „… ), paras.245–246; Institut de Droit International, The Application of Foreign Public Law, Session …” „… international law, a non-discriminatory regulation for a public purpose,which is enacted in accordance with due …”

Stefan Kröll VII. Enforcement of Awards S. 1482-1504

„… ICSID Convention.23In case of non-ICSID awards a comparable public international law obliga-tion to …” „… investment agreement (IIA)26 or of the remediesexisting generally under public international law for a breach …” „… supple-mented by a public international law obligation on the States where enforcementis sought to enforce the …”

Christina Binder IV. Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness S. 442-480

„… ’ in Stephan W. Schill (ed), International Investment Law andComparative Public Law (Oxford University …” „… , ‘Adjudging the Exceptional at International Law: Se-curity, Public Order and Financial Crisis’ (2008) Jean …” „… En-cyclopedia of Public International Law, last updated 2011, available at http://mpepil.com.81 The Rainbow …”

Ulrich Klemm III. Financing of Foreign Direct Investment by Development Finance InstitutionsThis contribution is current as of July 2012. S. 1569-1584

„… under International Public LawAll multilateral DFIs, be they global or regional, have legal personality …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84. Status of Multilateral Institutions under International Public Law 9C. Types of Finance …” „… their status as bodiesof international public law, which means that all aspects of their …”

Andrew Newcombe B. The Americas S. 202-220

„… International, 2010); and José Enrique Alvarez, The Public InternationalLaw Regime Governing International …” „… international investment law, including the Hullrule, arose out of economic and political conflicts between the …” „… obligation to compensatefor expropriation were increasingly contested in international law, as reflected …”

August Reinisch II. The Interpretation of International Investment Agreements S. 372-410

„… ) 724, 769.80 Richard Gardiner (n. 1) 265.81 See Joost Pauwelyn, ‘Role of Public International Law in …” „… read in clinicalisolation from public international law.’).83 Campbell McLachlan, ‘Investment Treaties …” „… well as those of the BIT – cannot be read and inter-preted in isolation from public international law …”

Chester Brown I. The Evolution of the Regime of International Investment Agreements: History, Economics and Politics S. 153-185

„… 54–55; Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law (Oxford UniversityPress, 2008) 533–536.I …” „… that the responsibility of a State was to bedetermined in accordance with public international law.100 …” „… international law and general principles of lawconcerning the protection of aliens generated much disagreement …”

Carsten Kern VI. Transfer of Funds S. 870-886

„… InvestmentTreaties: A Comparative Law Perspective’ in Stephan Schill (ed), International InvestmentLaw and Public Law …” „… Publishing, 2006); Milan R.Shuster, The Public International Law of Money (Oxford University Press, 1973 …” „… requirements andpreferences.5 See Milan R. Schuster, The Public International Law of Money (Oxford University …”

Vivienne Bath, Luke Nottage C. The ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement and ‘ASEAN Plus’ – The Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA) and the PRC–ASEAN Investment Agreement S. 283-303

„… in International Investment Law (OxfordUniversity Press, 2013) 182–213; Vivienne Bath and Luke …” „… Constitutionalization of International Law: Challenges to Evolution under the newASEAN Charter’ (2011) 49(2) Colum. J …” „… (eds),Regionalism in International Investment Law (Oxford University Press, 2013) 182–213.15 See Agreement on …”

Jörn Griebel D. The New EU Investment Policy Approach S. 304-325

„… Treatment, the Rule of Law, and Com-parative Public Law’ in Stephan W. Schill (ed), International Investment …” „… resolution in internation-al investment law.There are a couple of further interesting aspects to be found in …” „… Griebel and Steffen Hindelang (ed), International In-vestment Law and EU Law (Springer, 2011); Marc …”

Joachim Karl F. The Negotiations on the OECD Multilateral Agreement on Investment S. 342-360

„… Dolzer andChristoph Schreuer, Principles of International Investment Law (Oxford University Press,2008 …” „… Developments in International Investment Law (Paris, 2009); AlanRugman, ‘New Rules for International Investment …” „… ; MuthucumaraswamySornarajah, The International Law on Foreign Investment (Cambridge University Press,2010); UNCTAD, World …”

Stephan W. Schill XII. Multilateralization: An Ordering Paradigm for International Investment Law S. 1817-1838

„… , ‘The Public InternationalLaw Regime Governing International Investment’ (2009) 344 RC 193, 261–318.39 …” „… of precedent in international law see Marc Jacob, ‘Precedents: Lawmak-ing Through International …” „… in Stephan W. Schill (ed), International In-vestment Law and Comparative Public Law (Oxford …”

Borzu Sabahi, Kabir Duggal, Nicholas Birch VI. Limits on Compensation for Internationally Wrongful Acts S. 1115-1129

„… , ‘Moral Damages in Investment Arbitration and Public Interna-tional Law’ in Ian A. Laird and Todd J …” „… Arbitra-tion and Public International Law’ in Ian A. Laird and Todd J. Weiler (eds), Investment …” „… in International Investment Law(Oxford University Press, 2009); Campbell McLachlan, Laurence Shore …”

Arno Gildemeister V. Investment Law and Taxation S. 1677-1691

„… Schill (ed), International In-vestment Law and Comparative Public Law (Oxford University Press, 2010 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Literature: Arthur R. Albrecht, ‘The Taxation of Aliens Under International Law’ (1952) 29BYIL …” „… Limita-tions on Tax Legislation in Context’ in Stephan Schill (ed), International Investment Law andComparative …”

Christoph Schreuer V. The Future of International Investment Law S. 1904-1912

„… V. The Future of International Investment LawChristoph SchreuerA. Introduction …” „… have found themselves on the re-V. The Future of International Investment LawChristoph Schreuer …” „… (Oxford University Press, 2008) 207–212.V. The Future of International Investment LawChristoph Schreuer …”

Gabriel Bottini, Veronica Lavista, Mariana Lozza E. MERCOSUR and CAFTA S. 326-341

„… ClaireBalchin (eds), The Backlash against Investment Arbitration (Kluwer Law International,2010).The purpose of …” „… Sornarajah, The International Law on Foreign Investment (Cam-bridge University Press, 2004) 20–21.2 Tratado …” „… Investment Arbitration (Kluwer Law International, 2010)3, 8. The tribunal in the Pac Rim v. El Salvador case …”

James Crawford, Simon Olleson III. The Application of the Rules of State Responsibility S. 411-441

„… public international law. At the most general level, its purpose is, on the onehand, to define the …” „… dispute which are governed not by international lawbut by a relevant system of domestic law, for instance …” „… law arein general a mere question of fact,40 such that internal law and international lawin principle …”

August Reinisch V. National Treatment S. 846-869

„… ), International Investment Law and Comparative Public Law (Oxford Uni-versity Press, 2010) 243–278; Jürgen Kurtz …” „… Handbook of International Investment Law(Oxford University Press, 2008), 259, 261.2 Andrea Bjorklund, ‘The …” „… Themaat, The Changing Structure of International Economic Law(Brill, 1981) 19–21; UNCTAD (n. 2) 7–8.9 …”

Irmgard Marboe III. Valuation in Cases of Expropriation S. 1057-1081

„… ’, ch. 8.VIII., 959–1030.10 Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law (Oxford University …” „… Schöbener, ‘Outlook on the Developments in Public International Law and theLaw Relating to Aliens’, ch. 2.IV …” „… ), Encyclopedia of Public International Law, vol.1 (North-Holland Publishing, 1992) 931; similarly Anton Roth …”

Stephan Wittich II. State Responsibility S. 23-45

„… Codification of Public International Law (Manchester UniversityPress, 1970) 128.37 The Committee consisted of …” „… international law. A potential law-breaker anticipating certain adverse ef-fects of his own breach will be …” „… of the International LawCommission’.51 That survey listed a number of selected topics for …”

Achim-R. Börner IV. Investment Law and Energy S. 1644-1676

„… in international investment law’ (2006) 26JERL 450–470; Jörn Griebel, ’Lehren aus der …” „… internationalinvestment law’ (2009) 27 JERL 377–403; Stephan Hobe, ’Völkerrechtlicher Notstand im in-ternationalen …” „… review see Anoushiravan Khoshkish, International Law of Investment: AnOverview (1983) 1 World Policy …”

Marc Bungenberg, Manjiao Chi C. Chinese Investment Law S. 221-239

„… international investment lawmaking’, Paper prepared for the American Society of International Law International …” „… necessary – also established in future EU–China (and probablyUS) international investment law.Litigation on …” „… ), The politics of international economic law (Cambridge University Press, 2011) 162–185; Emmanuel …”

Marc Bungenberg, Stephan Hobe II. The Relationship of International Investment Law and European Union Law S. 1602-1628

„… exception to the principle of supremacy of European Union lawvis-à-vis public international law, which is …” „… between pub-lic international law, especially international investment law, and EU law. On theissue of the …” „… more general interrelation between public international law and EUlaw, the Court of Justice has already …”

Sabine Konrad C. Protection for Non-Profit Organisations S. 555-565

„… forPromoting NGOs and their Activities (Kluwer Law International, 2003); Rudolf Dolzer andChristoph Schreuer …” „… , Principles of International Investment Law (Oxford University Press,2008); EU Network of Independent Experts …” „… ), 403–416; Robert Jennings and ArthurWatts, Oppenheim’s International Law (Oxford University Press, 1992 …”

Armand de Mestral III. Pre-Entry Obligations under International Law S. 685-699

„… III. Pre-Entry Obligations under International LawArmand de MestralA. Introduction …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Literature: Rudolf Dolzer and Christoph Schreuer, Principles of international investment law(Oxford …” „… International LawArmand de Mestral 68745refers to ‘establishment’ in its list of covered rights in various …”

Anthony Sinclair VII. Umbrella Clause S. 887-958

„… Arbitration: Lead-ing cases from the ICSID, NAFTA, Bilateral Treaties and Customary International Law(Cameron …” „… : Robert Jennings and Arthur Watts (eds), Oppenheim’s International Law(Longman, 1992) 1280.VII. Umbrella …” „… for both international lawand any applicable national law. This is evident both in establishing the …”

Monique Sasson III. Investment Arbitration: Procedure S. 1288-1372

„… , Ursula Kriebaum, August Reinisch andStephan Wittich (eds), International Investment Law for the 21st …” „… and VaughanLowe, The Settlement of Disputes in International Law, Institutions and Procedures (Oxford …” „… ; Rudolf Dolzer and Christoph Schreuer, Principles of Internation-al Investment Law (Oxford University …”

Irmgard Marboe V. Valuation in Cases of Breach of Contract S. 1103-1114

„… of Public International Law (last up-dated July 2007), available at http://www.mpepil.com; see also …” „… international law that a sovereign cannot bepermitted to set up one of his own municipal laws as a bar to a …” „… Performance’, 2006 Vil-lanova Law/Public Policy Research Paper No. 2006-8, available at …”

Lucy F. Reed, Jonathan E. Davis A. Who is a Protected Investor? S. 614-637

„… the [S]tate of nationali-ty is disputable in public international law, and is indeed disputed …” „… of international law that the domes-tic laws of States determine nationality.24 The task of a …” „… Acconci,‘The Requirement of Continuous Corporation Nationality and Customary International LawRules on Foreign …”

Ralph Alexander Lorz II. Protection and Security (Including the NAFTA Approach) S. 764-789

„… Protection and Security’, in StephanW. Schill (ed), International Investment Law and Comparative Public Law …” „… , ‘Interpreta-tion in International Law’ in Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of PublicInternational …” „… ), InternationalInvestment Law and Comparative Public Law, 183–212, 191; Christoph Schreuer, ‘Full Pro-tection and Security …”

Kaj Hobér, Joshua Fellenbaum I. Political Risk Insurance and Investment Treaty Protection S. 1517-1551

„… : Cases, Materials and Commentary (Kluwer Law International, 2005); PaulComeaux and Stephan Kinsella …” „… Stephan Kinsella, ProtectingForeign Investment under International Law. Legal Aspects of Political Risk …” „… clausesincluded therein.At the international law level investors enjoy protection under customary in-ternational …”

Morris Besch II. Typical Questions Arising within Negotiations S. 93-152

„… . Munir Maniruzza-man, ‘International Arbitrator and Mandatory Public Law Rules in the Context of State …” „… Their Binding Force. Reflections onPublic and Private International Law’ (2011), available at …” „… , 1994); Prosper Weil, ‘The State, the Foreign Investor, and International Law:The No Longer Stormy …”

John P. Gaffney, Zeynep Akçay A. European Bilateral Approaches S. 186-201

„… jurisdiction from the BIT, which is a treaty governedby public international law. The award on jurisdiction has …” „… EU instrument. Under public internation-al law, existing European BITs will remain in force until …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Literature: George Bermann, ‘Navigating EU Law and the Law of International Arbitration’(2012) Arb …”

Markus Perkams B. Protection for Legal Persons S. 638-652

„… public international law. There, Judge Broweropined, it would also have included the entities in question …” „… continuous nationalityrule in public international law, see id., para. 225. It held that under that rule the …” „… laws and private inter-national law. In those laws, they are used to determine the existence of a legal …”

Andreas R. Ziegler X. Investment Law in Conflict with WTO Law? S. 1784-1801

„… frag-mentation of the international legal system and the (perceived) fragmentation of public interna-tional law …” „… to International Economic LawTreaties regulating or at least including aspects of bilateral economic …” „… international economic law based onthe rule of law.I would thus agree with Bjorklund and Nappert:The …”

Michael Hahn II. EU Rules and Obligations Related to Investment S. 671-684

„… and Christina Knahr (eds), International Investment Law in Context(Eleven, 2008) 73–93; Jukka Snell …” „… international investment law, i.e. thebody of several thousand BITs2 and their application in what sometimes …” „… general international law, be a domaineréservé for any State. Absent specific bindings to the contrary …”

August Reinisch IV. Most Favoured Nation Treatment S. 807-845

„… Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed), Max PlanckEncyclopedia of Public International Law, vol. VII (Oxford University …” „… Wolfrum (ed),Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, vol. VII (Oxford University Press,2012 …” „… Public International Law (Oxford University Press, 2003) 604.22 ILC Draft Articles (n. 5), Commentary (1 …”

Jean-Christophe Honlet, Barton Legum, Anna Crevon A. ICSID Annulment S. 1431-1459

„… arbitration systems but from public inter-national law systems. At the time the ICSID Convention was being …” „… negotiated,the possibility of annulment of an arbitral award was well accepted in public in-ternational law. As …” „… a different view on a debatable point of law.’);Helnan International Hotels A/S v. Egypt, ICSID Case …”

Michael Hahn I. WTO Rules and Obligations Related to Investment S. 653-670

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Literature: Rudolf Dolzer and Christoph Schreuer, Principles of International InvestmentLaw (Oxford …” „… (eds), The Oxford Handbook of International Invest-ment Law (Oxford University Press, 2008); Nellie …” „… in GATT Law – Or So They thought …Whereas the Havana Charter of the International Trade Organization …”

Jan Asmus Bischoff, Richard Happ A. The Notion of Investment S. 495-544

„… of Aliens and the Emergence of Gen-eral Principles of Protection under Public International Law’, ch …” „… and Business, 2013) 101–116;Jan A. Bischoff, ‘Interpretation of International Uniform Law’ in Jürgen …” „… Bischoff/Richard Happ 495EU’s role in the field of international investment protection law’ (2011) 48 CMLR …”

Christina Knahr F. The Territorial Nexus between an Investment and the Host State S. 590-597

„… Binder, Ursula Kriebaum, August Reinisch and Stephan Wittich (eds), In-ternational Investment Law in the …” „… Argentinean bonds, have been sold in international financial markets, outside Argentina,with choice of law and …” „… ;’ secondly, Pakistan effectivelygranted SGS a public law concession (‘a concession under public law’), since …”

Michael Waibel II. Investment Arbitration: Jurisdiction and Admissibility S. 1212-1287

„… Waibel, ‘Corfu Channel Case’ in WolfrumRüdiger (ed), Max Planck Encyclopaedia of Public International Law …” „… Codes’ in Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed), MaxPlanck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (Oxford University …” „… law is typically a hybrid of international and domestic law (usually ofthe host State). Different laws …”

Jan K. Schäfer I. Alternatives to Investment Arbitration S. 1186-1211

„… the arbitration rulespromulgated by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law(UNCITRAL …” „… arbitration lawyers and vice versa.Similarly, public international lawyers, the second group of persons …” „… International Investment Law and Policy (Cambridge University Press, 2013) 243–264,258 proposing that ICSID (i …”

Sabine Konrad B. Protection of Investments Owned by States S. 545-554

„… fact, one of the most quoted cases in international law,the Chorzów Factory case, related to the …” „… On the protection of public law entities or entities owned by or affiliated with a State underthe …” „… constituted or otherwise organised under applicable law,whether for profit or otherwise, and whether …”

Giorgio Sacerdoti, Matilde Recanati XIII. Approaches to Investment Protection outside of Specific International Investment Agreements and Investor-State Settlement S. 1839-1862

„… .), Liber Amicorum Judge Shigeru Oda (Kluwer LawInternational, 2002) 269–284.49 Cf. Diallo case, Preliminary …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Literature: Georges Abi-Saab, ‘The International Law of Multinational Corporations: A Cri-tique of …” „… International Law’ (2008) 57 ICLQ361–401; Peter Muchlinski, ‘Diplomatic Protection of Foreign Investors: a Tale …”

Marc Bungenberg, Catharine Titi VIII. Precedents in International Investment Law S. 1505-1516

„… , as in public international law in general1 – includ-ing in the WTO dispute settlement system2 …” „… VIII. Precedents in International Investment LawMarc Bungenberg and Catharine TitiA. Introduction …” „… Colin Picker, Isabella Bunn and Douglas Arner (eds), International Economic Law:The State and Future of …”

John Y. Gotanda VIII. Interest S. 1142-1153

„… Ripinsky and Kevin Williams, Damages in International Investment Law(British Institute of International and …” „… Irmgard Marboe, Calculation of Compensation and Damages in International Investment Law(Oxford University …” „… (Martinus Nijhoff, 2010); Mark Kantor, Valuation forArbitration (Kluwer Law International, 2008) 261–287 …”

Patrick Dumberry VII. Moral Damages S. 1130-1141

„… , ‘Moral Damages in Investment Arbitra-tion and Public International Law’ in Ian A. Laird and Todd J …” „… . Weiler (eds), Investment TreatyArbitration and International Law – Volume 3 (Juris, 2010); Wade M …” „… . Coriell and Silvia M.Marchili, ‘Unexceptional Circumstances: Moral Damages in International Investment Law …”

Richard E. (Rory) Walck II. Methods of Valuing Losses S. 1045-1056

„… , 1999); Sergey Ripinsky andKevin Williams, Damages in International Investment Law (British Institute of …” „… and Valuation in International Investment Law’(2007) 4 Transnational Dispute Management, Issue 6, 1–64 …” „… guidance on the standard of compensation found incustomary international law, ‘[w]hen it comes to the …”

Stephan Wittich V. Investment Arbitration: Remedies S. 1391-1430

„… , oppression, fraud, etc.) and to deter the general public. Some earlier deci-sions in international law …” „… . Amerasinghe, Local Remedies in International Law(Cambridge University Press, 2004) chapter 9.V. Investment …” „… into conformity with what is required by international law,usually leave the decision on the specific …”

Irmgard Marboe IV. Valuation in Cases of Breaches of International Law Unrelated to Expropriation S. 1082-1102

„… Law(British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2009) 88–101, 188–358; Borzu SabahiCompensation …” „… IV. Valuation in Cases of Breaches of International Law Unrelated toExpropriationIrmgard MarboeA …” „… Law International, 2008); Irmgard Marboe, Calculationand Damages in International Investment Law …”

Richard Happ A. The Energy Charter Treaty S. 240-260

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Literature: Peter D. Cameron, International Energy Investment Law (Oxford UniversityPress, 2010 …” „… accordance with the international law of thesea: the sea, sea-bed and its subsoil with regard to which that …” „… investors andthus make them partial subjects of international law.24 At the time of writing, 43cases …”

Joachim Steffens II. Excursus: German Political Risk Insurance S. 1552-1568

„… andprovides comprehensive legal protection for investors under the authority of in-ternational law. The high …” „… markets. The current economic and financialcrisis has demonstrably challenged the international climate …” „… sought to grow new and former sales and procurement markets, ulti-mately increasing the international …”

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Universalität und Partikularität des Völkerrechts in geschichtlicher Perspektive

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Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? (2011) S. 1-30

„… [14] Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? 1 Introduction 1.1 History and …” „… based. 2 Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? [15] 1.2 Interest Of course, each …” „… universality should be constructed? Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? 3 [16] 1.4 …”

Ius belli in der Völkerrechtsgeschichte – universelle Geltung oder Beschränkung auf „anerkannte Kulturvölker“? (2008) S. 291-328

„… scott (Hrsg.), The Classics of International Law Bd. 20, Oxford 1944, Bd. 2 engl., S. 348. Zu Suarez …” „… WestLaKe, The Classics of International Law, Nr. 2, Washington 1912; Alberico Gentilis, De iure belli …” „… .), The Classics of International Law, Oxford 1950; an diese Schrift knüpft die umfassende und …”

Veröffentlichungen zur Völkerrechtsgeschichte seit 2008 S. 517-520

„… zum 70. Geburtstag, Berlin 2011, S. 211 – 223 Universality and Continuity in International Public Law …” „… International Law, Papers of a Symposium on the History of International Law, September 2005, Institute of …” „… International Law, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, ELEVEN International Publishing, Utrecht 2011 Abhandlungen …”

Erstveröffentlichungsnachweise S. 513-516

„… Erstveröffentlichungsnachweise Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? in: Thilo …” „… Marauhn, Heinhard Steiger (Hrsg.), Universality and Continuity in International Law. Papers of a …” „… Symposium on the History of International Law, September 2005, Institute of International Law …”

Emanzipiert sich das universelle Völkerrecht der Gegenwart von seinem europäischen Ursprung? (2013) S. 63-80

„… of Public International Law“ in ihrer von Rudolf Bernhardt herausgegebenen Erstauflage von 1984/1995 …” „… International Law and India, Baden-Baden 2005 sowie Aufsätze in verschiedenen Zeitschriften und Sammelwerken …” „… , „The Gentle Civilizer of Nations – The Rise and Fall of International Law 1870 – 1960“.11 Anders als …”

Zwischen-Mächte-Recht im Frühmittelalter (2011) S. 265-290

„… Menschheit begegnen“.9 In der Encyclopedia of Public International Law wird nicht nur die …” „… .), Encyclopedia of Public International Law, vol. 2, Amsterdam 1995, 717 – 861. 11 Dazu thilo marauhn …” „… . mein Beitrag Universality and Continuity in International Public Law (S. 13 – 43), in diesem Band S. 1 …”

Georg Schwarzenberger (1908 – 1991) (2015) S. 249-264

„… der Encyclopedia of Public International Law 1. Aufl. noch einmal zusammengefasst. 258 Georg …” „… , AJIL 33 (1939) 56 – 77; International Law and Totalitarian Lawlessness, London 1943; Three Types of …” „… Gesellschaft, übers. v. Anneliese Herbst, Tübingen 1955 International Law and Totalitarian Lawlessness, London …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX I . Universalität 1 . Universality and Continuity in International Public Law? (2011) . . . 1 …” „… Völkerrechtshistoriographie, dass die Begriffe „Völkerrecht“ und sein Nachfolger „international law“ europäischen Ursprungs …” „… Völkerrechts. Zwar wurde der europäische Begriff Völkerrecht/International law zu einem Allgemeinbegriff für …”

Supremat – Außenpolitik und Völkerrecht bei Leibniz (2015) S. 391-456

„… order of the European law of nations, or European public law. Bearers of the ius suprematus were the …” „… of International Law, 2 Bde, New York 1924. 4 hermann Kirchner, Legatus, ejusque jura, Dignitas …” „… European conf licts. Thus, on the European level and in the law of nations, Leibniz tried to put the …”

Von einer eurozentrischen zu einer globalen Völkerrechtsgeschichte? (2014) S. 31-48

„… „Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law“ haben sich vorgenommen, die sogenannte …” „… „eurozentrisch“ ausgerichtete Historiographie des Völkerrechts zu einer „Global History of International Law“ zu …” „… of the History of International Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012, XL und 1228 S. 2 Bardo …”

Das natürliche Recht der Souveränität der Völker – Die Debatten der Französischen Revolution 1789–1793 (2011) S. 135-172

„… „Selbstbestimmung der Völker“ ist in der Gegenwart ein im internationalen Recht verankertes positives Recht.1 Es …” „… ); François laurent, Histoire du droit des gens et des relations internationales / Études sur l’histoire de …” „… le droit international, in: ders., Études de droit international et de droit politique (Paris 1896 …”

Was heißt und zu welchem Ende studiert man Völkerrechtsgeschichte? (2011) S. 49-62

„… zu „History of the Law of Nations“ in der Encyclopedia of Public International Law Bd. 2, Amsterdam …” „… bereits für den älteren Begriff Völkerrecht selbst und den jüngeren International law, die seit ungefähr …” „… Ordnungsvorstellungen mit dem genannten „international law of civilized nations“ einer in zivilisierte …”

Was haben die Untertanen vom Frieden? (2013) S. 457-480

„… untersagt. Wer bei dem Versuch, 18 Jan Hendrik Willem VerziJl, International Law in a Historical …” „… . 19 VerziJl, International Law, S. 410 ff., der auch andere Begriffe nennt. Was haben die …” „… Concept of International Legal Personality. An Inquiry Into the History and Theory of International Law …”

‚Bellum iustum‘ versus Gewaltverbot? – Humanitäre Intervention und ‚just war‘ gegen Schurkenstaaten (2010) S. 207-248

„… : Encyclopedia of Public International Law (ed. by R. Bernhardt) 1, Amsterdam et al. 1992, 215 – 230 und weitere …” „… , institutionell ausgebauter Rechtsraum war. Auf ‚internationaler‘, d. h. damals europäischer Ebene zwischen den …” „… , Baden-Baden 1984, 119 sqq.; für die Frühe Neuzeit: K.-H. lingens, Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit und …”

Kein politischer Frieden ohne Religionsfrieden, kein Religionsfrieden ohne Rechtsfrieden – Das Modell des Westfälischen Friedens (2009) S. 173-206

„… International Law 1870 – 1960, Cambridge 2002, S. 98 ff. Der Spätscholastiker Francisco de Vitoria hatte …” „… Westfälischen Friedens [50] europäische Völkerrecht der Zeit, das droit public de l’Europe ein. Die Grundsätze …” „… Reichstag von 1530 und die Einheit der Kirche. Internationales Symposion der Gesellschaft zur Herausgabe …”

Frieden und Religion in der Völkerrechtspraxis um 1600 oder die Geburt des europäischen Völkerrechts (2011) S. 353-390

„… internationalen Beziehungen zwischen 1559 und 1660 in der Konfessionalisierung im strukturellen Verbund mit der …” „… internationalen Beziehungen, hrsg. v. Heinz DucHHarDt und franz Knipping, Bd. 2 Paderborn 2007, S. 386 f., 394 f …” „… Folgevertrag, ihren wohl ersten internationalen Vertrag als Utrechter Union.40 In einem Manifest hob Elisabeth …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265254

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Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium - Liability in the Third Millennium

Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi (Hrsg.), Christine Godt (Hrsg.), Peter Rott (Hrsg.), Lesley Jane Smith (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen (ZERP)

Band 52 2009

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Thomas Giegerich Another Incoming Tide? Tort Liability in Public International Law S. 577-606

„… 577 Another Incoming Tide? Tort Liability in Public International Law Thomas Giegerich* A. From …” „… Responsibility 579 III. The Influence of Public International Law on Private Tort Claims: Theoretical …” „… Public International Law 579 though the recently drafted reform Treaty of Lisbon7 reformulates Art. 288 …”

Lesley Jane Smith Grounding Space: Liability for commercial space operations S. 607-626

„… 608 sponsibility and liability for damage under public international law. This paper discusses whether …” „… operations 609 natural or legal person – within public international law continues to claim attention.4 …” „… objects. Beyond this, public international law operates on the basis of two grounds of jurisdiction …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-26

„… Incoming Tide? Tort Liability in Public International Law Thomas Giegerich 577 Grounding Space: Liability …” „… informed consent PICC UNIDROIT Principles of International Contract Law PJ The Police Journal PL Public …” „… er zugleich stets international sichtbar. Erstmals war er 1980 Visiting Scholar an der Law School UC …”

Gunther Teubner Kannibalisierung des Wissens: Schutz kultureller Diversität durch transnationales Recht? S. 553-576

„… International Law Commission (ILC) eingerichteten Arbeitsgruppe unter der Leitung von Martti Koskenniemi ihren …” „… International Law: Difficulties Arising from the Diversification and Expansion of International Law: Report of …” „… the Study Group of the International Law Commission: Draft Conclusions of the Work of the Study Group …”

Franz Werro The Right to Inform v. the Right to be Forgotten: A Transatlantic Clash S. 285-300

„… constitutional law of both national and international level no longer merely imposes a duty on the State to …” „… interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law …” „… reference to the Federal Constitution.11 Private law was insulated from public law and the constitutional …”

Nuno Ferreira Fundamental Rights, Constitutional Principles, and the Law of Torts: Tortfeasors v. Tort Victims S. 49-84

„… strictly (traditional) private law institutions? 78 1. Principles of Good Faith and Public Policy / Ordre …” „… example, in international law, G. van Bueren, The International Law on the Rights of the Child …” „… Discrimination in International Law, The Hague, 1973. 81 D. L. de Campos, O Direito e os Direitos da …”

Bill W. Dufwa Horizontal Effect of the European Convention: Swedish Case Law S. 85-110

„… with any proposition that the courts as public authorities will be obliged to fashion a law on privacy …” „… . Altogether one might ask whether the traditional split between public and private law is partly responsible …” „… . Ever increasing international literature on comparative law,90 as well as at least one national case …”

Giovanni Comandé Patients’ Medical Tourism and Electronic Health Records: Mobility between Sector Regulations and Systemic Interactions S. 331-344

„… freedom of movement and health tourism 332 C. E-health, the market(s) and the law: casting e-health …” „… * Prof. Dr. LL.M. Esq., Full Professor Private Law, Scuola Superiore Sant’ Anna, Pisa, Italy, Director …” „… regulate e-health, will have a significant impact on general private law rules and Member States …”

Giorgio Resta ‘Guilty Until Proven Innocent’: Trial by Media and European Law S. 243-284

„… based on a paper presented at Duke University School of Law Conference: “The Court of Public Opinion …” „… public confidence in the law and promotes deterrence of deviant behaviours. Moreover, it is beneficial …” „… . 333, 382 D-F. ‘Guilty Until Proven Innocent’: Trial by Media and European Law 249 public interest …”

Walter van Gerven Judicial Convergence of Laws and Minds in European Tort Law and Related Matters S. 29-50

„… . Lever/P. Larouche, Cases, Materials and Text on National, Supranational and International Tort Law …” „… fundamental principle of administrative and fiscal law (in Satilmis: continuity of public service), (ii) that …” „… member state of the European Union or to an international court of justice as long as the rule of law is …”

Patrick O’Callaghan Remedies in Tort Law: Coherence in a Muddle? S. 131-146

„… analysis of this case, see G. Samuel, Public and Private Law: A Private Lawyer’s Response, 46 MLR (1983 …” „… the line between public and private law and between rights in rem and rights in personam. Indeed, as …” „… of Remedies 136 1. ‘Remedy’ as an action, cause of action, or the law’s configuration of the …”

Vernon Valentine Palmer Immaterial Damages, the Protection of Personality Interests and the Relevance of Contract Law S. 215-224

„… 215 Immaterial Damages, the Protection of Personality Interests and the Relevance of Contract Law …” „… Vernon Valentine Palmer* A. Intoduction 215 I. Personality Interests and the Law of Delict 215 II. The …” „… Glance 219 I. South Africa 219 II. France 220 III. United Kingdom (English and Scots law) 222 C …”

Andreas Furrer, Alexandra Körner Die Rückwirkungen des neuen außervertraglichen internationalen Schuldrechts der EU auf die Schweiz S. 531-552

„… 531 Die Rückwirkungen des neuen außervertraglichen internationalen Schuldrechts der EU auf die …” „… . Rechtslage in der EU 548 a) Eingriffsnormen und ordre public (Art. 16 und 26) 548 b) Haftung mehrerer 549 …” „… 2. Rechtslage in der Schweiz 550 a) Ordre public 550 b) Haftung mehrerer / Regress (Art. 144 IPRG …”

Hans-W. Micklitz The Service Directive – Consumer contract law making via standardisation S. 483-508

„… 496 VII. Consumer representation 497 E. First observations on law-making via standardisation 497 I …” „… . Disclaimer 497 II. The regulatory divide – traditional law-making and less traditional regulation via …” „… contract The definition of the content of the contract is the acid test for law-makers and standardmakers …”

Axel Halfmeier Zur Entwicklung des Internationalen Deliktsrechts im neuen Mittelalter S. 511-532

„… VI. Haftung und Internationales Recht Liability in International Law 511 Zur Entwicklung des …” „… . 14 H. Yntema, The Historic Bases of Private International Law, 2 Am. J. Comp. Law (1953), 297, 304 …” „… Private International Law? Re-conceptualizing the Country-of-Origin Principle as Vested Rights Theory …”

Gert Brüggemeier Schriftenverzeichnis / Table of Publications S. 641-648

„… of Tort Law. A Pre-Statement of Law, London 2004 (reprint 2006) 14. Haftungsrecht. Struktur …” „… Schmidt, Heidelberg 2005. 9. Fundamental Rights and Private Law in the European Union, 2 Bände, Cambridge …” „… 2009 (mit Colombi Ciacchi und Comandè), im Erscheinen 10. Personality Rights in European Tort Law …”

Reinhard Damm Prädiktive Gesundheitsinformationen, Persönlichkeitsrechte und Drittinteressen: Prinzipiendiskussion und Rechtspolitik S. 303-332

„… . Kennedy/A. Grubb, Principles of Medical Law, Oxford, 1998, 110; D. Giesen, International Medical Malpractice …” „… eine damit verknüpfte und international ausgetragene Kontroverse um einen so genannten „genetischen …” „… Technologies: A Comparative Study of the Law of Germany and the U.S., 21 N.Y.L. Sch. J. Int'l & Comp. L …”

Zhu Yan The Legislative Background of Chinese Tort Law and Its Key Issues S. 111-128

„… protection is not a task for tort law only, which is a part of private law, and public law should play a …” „… Suit/WuSong), but also consists in the limited availability of laws and legislations to the public …” „… specializes in the elements of some special types of torts. From the perspective of comparative law, tort laws …”

Mauro Bussani, Marta Infantino Fault, Causation and Damage in the Law of Negligence. A Comparative Appraisal S. 145-156

„… . Larouche, Cases, Materials and Text on National, Supranational and International Tort Law, Oxford et al …” „… . M. Honoré, Causation and Remoteness of Damage, in: International Enc. Comp. Law, The Hague, 1971 …” „… 145 Fault, Causation and Damage in the Law of Negligence. A Comparative Appraisal Mauro Bussani …”

Norbert Reich “Federalism and Effective Legal Protection” – Some thoughts about a recent study by Johan Lindholm ‘State procedure and Union rights’ S. 381-394

„… – familiar to EU lawyers – that state courts apply their own procedural law in enforcing Federal substantive …” „… , CMLRev 2000, 687; id, Conflict of Laws and the Harmonisation of Substantive Law in the EU, in: Liber …” „… liability law1 of which a preliminary conceptual version appeared in the liber amicorum dedicated to this …”

Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi Alte und neue Paradigmen in der Fahrlässigkeitshaftung S. 157-180

„… Jahre siehe http://frontpage.cbs.dk/ law/commission_on_european_contract_law/. 6 Die Ähnlichkeit …” „… paneuropäischen Deliktsrechts das Licht gesehen. 2005 veröffentlichte die European Group on Tort Law (EGTL) ihre …” „… „Grundsätze eines europäischen Deliktsrechts“ (Principles of European Tort Law, PETL).1 Drei Jahre später …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845213859

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