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Researches in European Private Law and Beyond

André Janssen (Hrsg.), Hans Schulte-Nölke (Hrsg.)

2020

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Francesco Paolo Patti Machine Learning and European Product Liability S. 107-124

„… Machine Learning and European Product Liability Francesco Paolo Patti Introduction Reiner Schulze …” „… interpretative guidance concerning the Product Liability Directive8 are sufficient tools to tackle the evolutions …” „… in the transport sector. In the present contribution some issues related to the Product Liability …”

Geraint Howells Safety Expectations as the Basis of Product Liability S. 91-106

„… Safety Expectations as the Basis of Product Liability Geraint Howells Working out the defectiveness …” „… liability. For most of the twentieth century negligence or fault liability dominated products liability. In …” „… Stevenson.1 The alleged decomposed snail in the ginger beer bottle was a product liability case that …”

Dirk Staudenmayer Towards a European Private Law of the Digital Economy? - Trends S. 65-90

„… provisions of the Product Liability Directive 85/374/EEC (PLD) and assess the extent to which the provisions …” „… Liability (SWD (2018)137), the European Commission Communication on Artificial Intelligence for Europe (COM …” „… orientations for, the liability and safety frameworks for Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… Product Liability 91 Geraint Howells Machine Learning and European Product Liability 107 Francesco Paolo …” „… rétroactivité dans le projet de réforme du droit belge des obligations 335 Rafaël Jafferali Civil Liability in …”

Manuel Angel Bermejo Castrillo Civil Liability in the Criminal Code: a Spanish Peculiarity S. 353-382

„… Civil Liability in the Criminal Code: a Spanish Peculiarity1 Manuel Angel Bermejo Castrillo …” „… Non-contractual civil liability in the Civil Code In the field of liability, the Spanish Civil Code embraces …” „… type of liability of many specific cases; problems which can be related both to matters of a material …”

Edoardo Ferrante The Amended Proposal COM (2017) 637: a ‘New’ European Sales Law? S. 43-64

„… and the Netherlands national guarantees are based on the expected lifetime of products. In Ireland and …” „… art. 8, par. 3, and 14 Proposal it can be inferred that both the seller’s liability and the …” „… no European time-limit for the seller’s liability? If so, it would be a nonsense even to envisage a …”

Barbara Pasa Legal Translation Within the EU and the Shift of National Legal Paradigms S. 193-218

„… , translation is also a “product”, which bears a relationship of proximity, or distance from the source text and …” „… . 1 The present Chapter is the product of a collaborative research developed with Lucia Morra …” „… , employment rights, financial compensation, social security, liability, human rights, etc. into the ordinary …”

Cristina Amato, Elise Poillot Towards a European Culture of Legal Clinics: Transplanting the American Clinical Model S. 383-412

„… ; Schulze/Staudenmayer/Lohsse (eds.), Liability for Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things: Münster Colloquia on EU …” „… would in fact consider the law as a natural product rooted into the people’s culture and history, that …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845298467

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Smart Products

Sebastian Lohsse (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Dirk Staudenmayer (Hrsg.)

2022

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Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell Product Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems – Is the Product Liability Directive ready to accommodate smart products? S. 201-216

„… Product Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems –Is the Product Liability Directive ready to …” „… Liability Rules: the ProblemThe European Union product liability regime pivots on two core elements: product …” „… and defect. Since its adoption in 1985, the Directive on liability for defective product (hereinafter …”

Jutta Gurkmann Smart liability for smart products S. 237-238

„… Smart liability for smart productsIntroductory Statement of Jutta Gurkmann, Federation of German …” „… consideration product liability, sales law and AI regulation.The regulation in force determining when …” „… current product liability regulation it is at least difficult to say whether software and therefore smart …”

Georg Borges Liability for self-learning smart products S. 181-200

„… learning in the product liabilityMachine learning, as described at the beginning, enables the production of …” „… product liabilityAs just shown, the training of an AI system can lead to the creation of a new product …” „… manufacturer of the defective product in such cases and thus the addressee of possible liability.A simple …”

Susanne Dehmel How should ‘smart products’ be handled in contractual and (product) liability law? S. 229-236

„… How should ‘smart products’ be handled in contractual and (product) liability law?Susanne Dehmel …” „… products and to injured users of an AI application under product and producer liability. Additional …” „… , against the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of product liability, and against the owners of the vehicles …”

Gerhard Wagner Software as a Product S. 157-180

„… to govern the liability of manufacturers, namely products liability.Products LiabilityWithin the …” „… Non-contractual liability for smart productsSoftware as a ProductGerhard Wagner1Introduction: Why …” „… European Union, products liability is one of the few areas of non-contractual liability governed by Union …”

Jean-Sébastien Borghetti Introductory statement S. 245-246

„… how smart products should be handled in product liability law.The first one is whether smart products …” „… require liability rules which make not only the providers, but also the users of such products liable for …” „… products have a specificity that would justify switching from the traditional fault-based liability to …”

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer ‘Smart Products’ – A Focal Point for Legal Developments in the Digital Economy S. 11-44

„… regimes therefore remains an open issue.Questions of product liabilitySmart products are also accompanied …” „… enforce claims against such third parties for an update of a smart product or for liability for failure to …” „… liability per the Product Liability Directive (PLD)44, smart products blur the picture ever increasingly …”

André Janssen The Update Obligation for Smart Products – Time Period for the Update Obligation and Failure to Install the Update S. 91-108

„… the reasonable time period for updates of smart products should be longer than the liability period …” „… Commerce Law 2020, 131,138.The Update Obligation for Smart Products101the liability period for updates …” „… The Update Obligation for Smart Products – Time Period for the Update Obligation and Failure to …”

Evelyne Gebhardt Introductory Statement S. 223-228

„… endless and current product liability law fails to provide answers. Now, what is clear is that we need to …” „… escapes the remits of product liability law, the latter needs to be designed to take account of these …” „… through updates as well as the capacity for self-learning, stress the need to modernize product liability …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… productsSoftware as a Product 157Gerhard WagnerLiability for self-learning smart products 181Georg BorgesProduct …” „… Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems – Is the Product Liability Directive ready to accommodate smart …” „… products? 201Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras BallellDiscussion PanelLiability for AI 219Axel VossIntroductory …”

Bernhard A. Koch One Specific Problem from a Tort Law Perspective S. 241-244

„… conference, e.g. the question of whether, and if so, to what extent the Product Liability Directive (PLD) in …” „… – apart from finding an appropriate liability solution for each individual product in that conglomerate …” „… its current form can adequately respond to harm caused by smart products, I would like to highlight …”

Gerhard Schomburg Introductory Statement S. 239-240

„… currently under investigation by the Commission. Where necessary the Product Liability Directive should be …” „… Introductory StatementGerhard Schomburg1On the subject of the panel, how ‘smart products’ should be …” „… products’According to our new rules for the transformation of the Sales of goods Directive and the Digital Content …”

Christiane Wendehorst The Update Obligation – how to make it work in the relationship between seller, producer, digital content or service provider and consumer S. 63-90

„… model’ of Internet of Things (IoT) products, which characterises IoT products as a combination of: (i …” „… (Requirements for conformity of the goods) and Article 7a (Liability of the producer and the supplier of digital …” „… Federal Government: § 477a and § 477b (Direct liability of the producer); the draft text for the EU …”

Axel Voss Liability for AI S. 219-222

„… must be in line with the Product Liability Directive, the General Data Protection Regulation, the …” „… certainty.Why we need European liabilityThe political dimensionOn the issue of regulating liability for AI …” „… absence of a contract or fault.What principles should guide a European regulation on AI liability?Our aims …”

Karin Sein Modifications of digital content or services and of digital elements in smart products – Possible application problems S. 111-132

„… provider and relieve the seller of most of its liability.ConclusionsArticle 19(1) of the newly adopted DCD …” „… Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart productsModifications of …” „… digital content or services and of digital elements in smart products – Possible application …”

Hans Schulte-Nölke Digital obligations of sellers of smart devices under the Sale of Goods Directive 771/2019 S. 47-62

„… The Update Obligation for smart productsDigital obligations of sellers of smart devices under the …” „… the wording of the SGDThe basic provision on the liability of the seller is Article 10 (1) SGD, which …” „… will therefore be left aside for the purposes of this paper.14Liability of the seller for the …”

Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart products – how to design the contracts S. 133-154

„… Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart products – how to design …” „… digital content and digital services – in particular streaming services and online games – such products …” „… the right to modify a digital product2 by virtue of the applicable terms of service. In B2B and B2C …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748929772

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International Sales Law

Larry DiMatteo (Hrsg.), André Janssen (Hrsg.), Ulrich Magnus (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2021

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Michel Cannarsa Chapter 24 Products Liability S. 809-838

„… Code of the People’s Republic of China, Book VII Tort Liability, Chapter IV Product Liability,Articles …” „… Liability.Chapter 24 Products Liability812 Michel Cannarsa789erty of the plaintiff where CISG and products liability …” „… orproperty caused by the defect’.93 The concept of defect is defined in Products LiabilityDirective Article 6 …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 29 Post-Contract: Continuing Obligations & Rights S. 996-1034

„… ., EU Product LiabilityDirective 85/374/EEC of 25 July 1985). Instead, the parties may agree to obtain …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759. Products Liability Claims …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167VI. Products Liability Insurance …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XLIV

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H. 36CHAPTER 3PRECONTRACTUAL LIABILITY IN THE CIVIL LAWÁdám FuglinszkyPrecontractual Conduct and …” „… Liability …” „… . 42Evaluation of Precontractual Liability …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 4 Pre-contractual Liability in the Common Law S. 114-150

„… Disclaimers of LiabilityDisclaimer language (subject to contract, without prejudice, subject to …” „… Law, suchdisclaimers are effective in preventing a finding of obligation and attendant liability.In …” „… CHAPTER 4PRE-CONTRACTUAL LIABILITY IN THE COMMON LAWLarry A. DiMatteoA. Topics Covered …”

Séverine Saintier Chapter 27 Agency and Distribution Agreements S. 918-967

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102918 Séverine Saintierc) Products Liability and Warranties …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110II. Changing the Products …” „… and that belief is traceable to the principal’s manifestations.§ 2.06 Liability of undisclosed …”

Larry A. DiMatteo, André Janssen, Ulrich Magnus, Reiner Schulze Chapter 1 Introduction S. 1-15

„… that the CISG expressly or implicitly fails to cover, suchas, pre-contractual liability, products …” „… seller to the buyer; and Chapter 24 discusses the issue of‘Products Liability’. The rest of the Chapters …” „… ), before proceeding to the issue of pre-contractual liability.This area covers duties relating to the …”

Petra Butler Chapter 30 Choice of Law S. 1035-1095

„… private international law rules and for example limitation of liability lawscan make it difficult for a …” „… Start v Maher Forest Products, US District Court [W.D. Washington] 17 July 2006 in (2006) IHR259, 260 …” „… precedent established by Vita Food Products v Unus Shipping Company91and the Rome I Regulation, places some …”

Ádám Fuglinszky Chapter 3 Precontractual Liability in the Civil Law S. 37-113

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Part I:Precontractual Conduct and LiabilityA. Topics CoveredThe first part of Chapter 3 covers …” „… 910III. Evaluation of Precontractual LiabilityGeneral Acceptance in Civil LawBesides the …” „… Common Law approach see Chapter 4.IV. Classification of Precontractual Liability:Contract, Tort or sui …”

Wentong Zheng Chapter 15 Sales and Intellectual Property Rights S. 445-463

„… ’ and‘claims’ based on intellectual property. A seller’s liability under Article 42 of the CISG,1.1 The term …” „… third party has asserted or will assert that right.As for the seller’s liability for third-party ‘claims …” „… ’ based on intellectual property, thereis a difference of opinion as to whether the seller’s liability …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 22 Excuse: Force Majeure and Hardship S. 690-736

„… excuse varies more greatly in legalsystems that also accept hardship as a shield against liability for …” „… difficultto obtain relief from contractual liability. Freedom of contract suggests that a contractshould be …” „… strictly enforced as a product of private autonomy. The certainty and pre-dictability of contract …”

Larry A. DiMatteo, Giuditta Cordero-Moss Chapter 28 Long-Term Contracts: Installment and Supply Contracts S. 968-995

„… distribution of liabilityB. Introductory NoteLarry A. DiMatteo and Giuditta Cordero-Moss 96912345between the …” „… effectsthat such an exemption from liability has on the other party’s rights and obligations.The definition of …” „… ’ would normally support anexcuse from liability for non-performance. However, the unique impact of …”

Michael Bridge Chapter 19 Remedies and Damages S. 559-611

„… loss falls squarely within CISG Article 74 and is strict.See Chapter 24 on ‘Products Liability’. In …” „… prices and the amount of future sales. If a seller wrongfullyrefuses to deliver a new product or a …” „… product that the buyer had not previously been in thebusiness of selling, there may be little concrete …”

N. Orkun Akseli Chapter 25 Assignment, Delegation and Third-Party Rights S. 839-876

„… or liability of thedelegating obligor.”XII. Chinese LawChinese Contract Law regulates assignment of …” „… liability of the supplier to the debtor in respect of an assignment made inbreach of the terms of the …” „… or liability of the assignor forbreach of such an agreement, but the other party to such agreement …”

Bruno Zeller Chapter 14 Conformity of Goods S. 423-444

„… are made by the seller, the producer (section4(1) and (2) of the Product Liability Act …” „… deemed to conform to the contract and, finally, providesfor an exception to the seller’s liability [in …” „… losses caused by the defected goods. If the seller wasunaware of the defects, then its liability is …”

Sieg Eiselen Chapter 5 Scope of CISG S. 151-175

„… issue of product liability from the scope of the Convention.47 Theapplication of Article 5 CISG is …” „… CISG has much more onerous provisions for the buyerregarding the liability for defective goods than is …” „… 5 This Convention does not apply to the liability of the seller for death or personal injury caused …”

Francesco Paolo Patti, Willibald Posch Chapter 26 Defenses S. 877-917

„… mistake, the defect in consent may be generally used as a ground toescape from liability.CommentaryOnly …” „… in cases of contractual liability?(3) What are the consequences neglecting a limitation period to …” „… damage, liability indamages as well as the extent of compensation to be paid, depend on the circumstances …”

Harriët N. Schelhaas, Harry M. Flechtner Chapter 20 Avoidance for Breach of Contract S. 612-661

„… , the liability of that non-performing party includes damages for future non-performanceprevented by the …”

Reiner Schulze Chapter 8 Formation of Contract S. 255-294

„… delivery, extent of one party's liability to the other or the settlement ofdisputes are considered to alter …” „… , qualityand quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party's liability to the other or …” „… extra-contractual liability under the conditions set outby the general law, and has no obligation to compensate the …”

Michael Bridge Chapter 21 Risk of Loss S. 662-689

„… Product Liability Act [Produkthaftungsgesetz]) or his assistant, including without limitation in …” „… the subject matter is borne by the buyer, the buyer's rightto demand the seller to bear liability for …” „… (seller’s liability for non-conformity arising prior to the transfer of risk to thebuyer); OLG Linz 23 …”

Qiao Liu Chapter 18 Anticipatory Breach S. 534-558

„… other party to bear liability for breach ofcontract.F. CommentaryI. The Test of Anticipatory Breach‘It …” „… Anticipatory Breach542 Qiao Liu222324ly extends the liability of the party in breach. This concern may be …” „… & Schwenzer’); Saidov,43 Farnsworth, pp. 579–80.44 GE Terms and Conditions for Sale of Products and Services …”

Lisa Spagnolo, Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 23 Contract Interpretation and Merger Clauses S. 737-808

„… delivery, extent of one party’s liability to the other or the settlement ofdisputes are considered to alter …” „… . United Kingdom Sale of Goods Act 1979Section 55(1) Where a right, duty or liability would arise under a …”

André Janssen Chapter 16 Examination and Notification of Non-Conformities S. 464-498

„… Notification of Non-Conformities474 André Janssen23(2) After the seller voluntarily assumes liability for …” „… breach of contract, where the seller retracts theassumption of liability on the ground that the time …”

Edoardo Ferrante Chapter 11 Validity of Contract Terms S. 337-364

„… necessarily bethe product of a real intention to be bound. Legal systems often prove to be unsatisfiedwith a …” „… perform. It means that the contract is valid. Liability for breach of amerely ‘apparent’ obligation would …” „… the CISG, initialimpossibility does not entail invalidity of the sales, but liability of the …”

Christian Fleischmann, Martin Schmidt-Kessel Chapter 13 Delivery of Documents S. 388-422

„… contracts. The law of documentary sales is a product of the custom of theinternational community of …” „… )’ (1988) 2 Emory J Int’lDisp Res 234.6 Grobarčíková & Sosedová, ‘Carrier’s liability under the …” „… the letter of credit, it assumes joint liabilitywith the first bank for the payment obligation.47 …”

Ulrich Magnus Chapter 9 Incorporation of Standard Terms S. 295-321

„… their general termsof sale to all buyers of products or all requesters of services who ask for this for …” „… limiting its liabilityor otherwise related to the material interest of the other party, and explain the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748922056

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International Sales Law

Larry A. DiMatteo (Hrsg.), André Janssen (Hrsg.), Ulrich Magnus (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Band 2016

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Michel Cannarsa Chapter 24: Products Liability S. 783-812

„… Chapter 24: Products LiabilityMichel CannarsaA. Topics Covered …” „… Torts – Products LiabilityOne engaged in the business of selling or otherwise distributing products who …” „… damage to property relates to extra-con-tractual products liability.At first sight, it seems that the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-LVI

„… : 713Lisa SpagnoloProducts Liability .......................................................Chapter 24 …” „… . 781Products Liability ........................................................Chapter 24: 783Michel …” „… – Products Liability ....V. 789United Kingdom Sale of Goods Act 1979 ..............................VI. 789 …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 29: Post-Contract: Continuing Obligations & Rights S. 979-1024

„… the producer (§ 4(1) and (2) of the Product LiabilityAct [Produkthaftungsgesetz]) or his assistant …” „… to obtain a proscribed level of products liabilityinsurance to minimize their product liability risks …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759. Products Liability Claims …”

Severine Saintier Chapter 27: Agency and Distribution Agreements S. 897-948

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102c) Products Liability and Warranties …” „… liability.X. Chinese Contract Law(1) A contract concluded in the name of a principal by a person who acts …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110II. Changing the Products …”

Petra Butler Chapter 30: Choice of Law S. 1025-1086

„… law rules and for ex-ample limitation of liability laws can make it difficult for a party to …” „… Maher ForestProducts, US District Court [W.D. Washington] 17 July 2006 in (2006) IHR 259, 260 …” „… Court, in contrastto the common law precedent established by Vita Food Products v Unus Ship-ping Company …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 4: Pre-contractual Liability in the Common Law S. 57-90

„… LiabilityDisclaimer language (subject to contract, without prejudice, subject to satis-factory engineering reports …” „… disclaimers are effective inpreventing a finding of obligation and attendant liability.In the end, it is the …” „… Chapter 4: Pre-contractual Liability in the Common LawLarry A. DiMatteoA. Topics Covered …”

Larry A. DiMatteo, André Janssen, Ulrich Magnus, Reiner Schulze Chapter 1: Introduction S. 1-20

„… , such as, pre-contractual liability, trade terms, products liability, assignment and delegation ofrights …” „… of ‘Products Liability’. The rest of the chaptersdiscuss other important areas of contract and sales …” „… product of anyone legal system but represents a convergence of rules drawn from several legal systems or …”

Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 22: Excuse: Impossibility and Hardship S. 665-712

„… liability. Freedom of contract sug-gests that a contract should be strictly enforced as a product of private …” „… orovercome. This limitation of liability for breach comes under various names inthe different legal systems …” „… being relived from liability related to breach due to theoccurrence or non-occurrence of an …”

Rafael Illescas Ortiz Chapter 3: Pre-contractual Liability in the Civil Law S. 39-56

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Part 1:Pre-contractual Conduct and Pre-contractual LiabilityA. Topics CoveredThe scope of this part …” „… CISG.Search for a CISG Benchmark on Pre-contractual LiabilityIn my view, there are still two practical ways to …” „… Chapter 3: Pre-contractual Liability in the Civil LawRafael Illescas OrtizPart 1: Pre-contractual …”

Michael Bridge Chapter 19: Remedies and Damages S. 529-586

„… type of loss falls squarely within Article 74 and is strict. See Chapter 23 on‘Products Liability’. In …” „… refuses to delivera new product or a product that the buyer had not previously been in the business of …” „… clause which limits or excludes one party’s liability for non-performance or which permits one party …”

Bruno Zeller Chapter 14: Conformity of Goods S. 379-404

„… the Product Liability Act [Produkthaftungsgesetz]) or his assistant, including without limitation in …” „… such claims.Where, according to contractual provisions, the seller's guarantee liability for the …” „… guarantee liability for defects according to thecontractual provisions, the people's court shall not support …”

N. Orkun Akseli Chapter 25: Assignment, Delegation and Third-Party Rights S. 813-854

„… delegated discharges any duty or liability of the dele-gating obligor.E. Sampling of LawsN. Orkun Akseli …” „… the supplier to the debtor or any liability ofthe supplier to the debtor in respect of an assignment …” „… in (1998) NJW 3205, 3206; Usinor Industeel v LeccoSteel Products, Inc., US Dist Ct (ND Ill), 28 March …”

Giuditta Cordero-Moss, Larry A. DiMatteo Chapter 28: Long-Term Contracts: Installment and Supply Contracts S. 949-978

„… from liability has on the other party’s rights andobligations. The definition of what constitutes a …” „… support an excuse from lia-bility for non-performance. However, the unique impact of weather on …” „… claim an exemption form liability for non-performance. By including certainevents in the list of force …”

Sieg Eiselen Chapter 5: Scope of CISG S. 91-118

„… controversial issue of product liability from thescope of the Convention.46 The application of Article 5 is …” „… provisions for the buyer regarding the liability for defective goods thanis found in most common law …” „… apply to the liability of the seller for death or personal injury caused by the goodsto any person.The …”

Wentong Zheng Chapter 15: Sales and Intellectual Property Rights S. 405-428

„… , is whether there are territorial limitations on the seller’s potential liability.Two legal regimes …” „… property. A seller’s liability under Article 42,therefore, arises as long as a third party holds a right …” „… right.As for the seller’s liability for third-party ‘claims’ based on intellectual prop-erty, there is a …”

Willibald Posch Chapter 26: Defenses S. 855-896

„… in cases of contractual liability? (3) What are the consequencesneglecting a limitation period to …” „… to the occurrence of the damage, liability indamages as well as the extent of compensation to be paid …” „… unconscionability’, which is used to protect consumers fromoverly one-sided contracts that are products of the …”

Reiner Schulze Chapter 8: Formation of Contract S. 203-242

„… and 4 on ‘Precontractual Liability’,especially the coverage of precontractual instruments, such as the …” „… goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party's liability to the other or the settlement of …” „… andquantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party's liability to the other or the …”

Michael Bridge Chapter 21: Risk of Loss S. 635-664

„… seller, the producer (§ 4(1) and (2) ofthe Product Liability Act [Produkthaftungsgesetz]) or his …” „… months of the transfer of risk (BGB § 476).14 See Article 36 (seller’s liability for non-conformity …” „… reason for government intervention is a flaw in the goodsengaging liability on the part of the seller …”

Lisa Spagnolo Chapter 23: Contract Interpretation S. 713-782

„… and time of delivery, extent of one party’s liability to the other or the settlement of disputesare …” „… Where a right, duty or liability would arise under a contract of sale of goods by implication of law, it …” „… exemption clauses in a contract are void:(1) one that exempts liability for personal injury caused to the …”

André Janssen Chapter 16: Examination and Notice of Non-Conformity S. 429-466

„… support such claims.(2) After the seller voluntarily assumes liability for breach of contract, where the …” „… seller retracts the assump-tion of liability on the ground that the time periods mentioned in the …”

Harry M. Flechtner Chapter 20: Avoidance of Contract S. 587-634

„… avoidingparty. Where avoidance occurs after unexempted non-performance by one of the parties, the liability of …” „… of the contract by the other party, but the breaching party isexempt from liability for damages (i.e …” „… liability for the seller'sactual damages brought about by the buyer's refusal to accept the goods it …”

Ulrich Magnus Chapter 9: Incorporation of Standard Terms S. 243-266

„… of products or all requesters of services who ask for this for a professional activ-ity. These terms …” „… regarding its liability, and give explanations of such clauses at the request of the other party.The …” „… burdensome terms (which limit liability) must1.2.82 See Article 2 Standard Terms Law.83 Article 39(2) Chinese …”

Edoardo Ferrante Chapter 11: Validity of Contract Terms S. 285-312

„… must necessarily be the product of a real intention to be bound. Legal systemsoften prove to be …” „… perform. It means that the contract is valid. Li-ability for breach of a merely ‘apparent’ obligation …” „… scope of theCISG, initial impossibility does not entail invalidity of the sales, but liability ofthe …”

Qiao Liu Chapter 18: Anticipatory Breach S. 499-528

„… liability of the party in breach.This concern may be dismissed by the fact that a right of suspension rests …” „… Products and Services Form ES 104 (Rev. 4) Clause 2.3,see http://www.gerightcontrols.com/tnc/en/terms.htm …” „… may demand him to bear liability for breach of contract before the expiration ofthe time of …”

Christian Fleischmann, Martin Schmidt-Kessel Chapter 13: Delivery of Documents S. 341-378

„… documentary sales is a product of the custom of theinternational community of merchants, ship-owners, marine …” „… joint liability with the first bank for the payment obliga-tion.45e) Special Requirements Regarding the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265155

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Liability for Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things

Sebastian Lohsse (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Dirk Staudenmayer (Hrsg.)

2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Cristina Amato Product Liability and Product Security: Present and Future S. 77-96

„… Product Liability and Product Security: Present and Future Cristina Amato* Introduction According …” „… , ‘Product Liability: Basic Prob‐ lems in a Comparative Law Perspective’ in Duncan Fairgrieve (ed), Product …” „… (ed), Product Liability in Compa‐ rative Perspective (Cambridge University Press 2006) 129: in a case …”

Bernhard A Koch Product Liability 2.0 – Mere Update or New Version? S. 97-116

„… New Approaches: Basis for Liability and Addressees Product Liability 2.0 – Mere Update or New …” „… apply‐ ing the standard concepts of tort law in general and of product liability in particular to …” „… into the Products Liability Directive (PLD)1 can still be used.2 After all, technology has clearly …”

Gerald Spindler User Liability and Strict Liability in the Internet of Things and for Robots S. 125-144

„… health. Hence, product safety and liability for products has become more im‐ portant than ever before …” „… liability rules (IV.). However, the scene would not be complete if we ignored the interplay with product …” „… comes to liability: IT-products, in particular software, are complex and can obviously never be 100 …”

Gerhard Wagner Robot Liability S. 25-62

„… provisions of the Mem‐ ber States concerning liability for defective products, SWD(2018) 157 final, 51. 28 …” „… Commission (n 27) SWD(2018) 157 final, 5, emphasis added. Gerhard Wagner 34 The Products Liability Directive …” „… 85/374/EEC on product liability is the ex‐ ception.29 It supplies a comprehensive framework for damages …”

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer Liability for Artificial Intelligence S. 9-24

„… Intelligence be Defective?’ and C Amato, ‘Product Liability and Product Security: Present and Future’, in this …” „… European legislation in liability law, namely the Product Liability Direc‐ tive (PLD)19, which was passed …” „… liability for new technologies from a holistic point of view. The aim of the Product Liability branch is to …”

Jean-Sébastien Borghetti How can Artificial Intelligence be Defective? S. 63-76

„… the case when liability is based on a product’s defect. A preliminary question is there‐ fore: what …” „… : product liability and liability for fault. Most Western legal systems have special product liability …” „… 1970s, were a source of inspiration for the 1985 Euro‐ pean Directive on product liability2. This text …”

Ernst Karner Liability for Robotics: Current Rules, Challenges, and the Need for Innovative Concepts S. 117-124

„… consider fault liability, respon‐ sibility for auxiliaries, and risk-based and product liabilities. Fault …” „… harmonised product liability regime will increase sub‐ stantially.7 Of the many questions raised for product …” „… understood as a product in the sense of the Product Liability Directive is highly controversial.8 Given that …”

Herbert Zech Liability for Autonomous Systems: Tackling Specific Risks of Modern IT S. 185-200

„… for product liability).7 The capability of selflearning may be described as autonomy. According to …” „… attractive enough to be broadly ac‐ cepted. Product liability (defective products) Liability for AI is …” „… currently being discussed mainly as a product liability problem.21 At least hardware implementing AI is a …”

Giovanni Comandé Multilayered (Accountable) Liability for Artificial Intelligence S. 165-184

„… , ‘Products liability and autonomous vehicles: who’s driving whom’ (2017) 23 Richmond Journal of Law and …” „… products liability or autonomous liability regimes based on strict liability. For instance, David Vladeck10 …” „… ) errors, the products liability settled principles should be adopt‐ ed to govern artificial intelligent …”

Miquel Martín-Casals Causation and Scope of Liability in the Internet of Things (IoT) S. 201-228

„… . Causation in its labyrinth: Rules and practice Causation in the Products Liability Directive and its …” „… shortcomings The Product Liability Directive leaves most issues referring to causation to national law. Art 1 …” „… , ‘Product Liability Directive’, in Piotr Machnikowski (ed), European Product Liability: An Analysis of the …”

Georg Borges New Liability Concepts: the Potential of Insurance and Compensation Funds S. 145-164

„… contains gaps as compensation pur‐ suant to Product Liability law will frequently not be available in the …” „… product be defective is a significant barrier to liability and secondly, and perhaps more importantly, the …” „… . Product liability law treats the importer and the manufacturer equally and does so for good reason. The …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Gerhard Wagner How can Artificial Intelligence be Defective? 63 Jean-Sébastien Borghetti Product Liability …” „… and Product Security: Present and Future 77 Cristina Amato New Approaches: Basis for Liability and …” „… Addressees Product Liability 2.0 – Mere Update or New Version? 99 Bernhard A Koch Liability for Robotics …”

Eva Lux Consequences of Digitalization from the National Legislator’s Point of View – Report on a Working Group S. 229-234

„… liability. Is our liability system with for example riskbased liability in traffic or product liability …” „… together with a number of experts working on issues concerning robotics and liability. As a result of …” „… a gap of liability. Not only for this very important issue but also regarding some other crucial …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845294797

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