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Mária Szikszai - Community Networks and Cultural Practices in Twentieth-Century Romania

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Mária Szikszai

Community Networks and Cultural Practices in Twentieth-Century Romania

2023

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Chapter Three. Ethnic and National Identity S. 43-50

doi.org/10.5771/9781666923254

Roberta Medda-Windischer - Old and new minorities: Reconciling diversity and cohesion

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Roberta Medda-Windischer

Old and new minorities: Reconciling diversity and cohesion

Series: Schriftenreihe der Europäischen Akademie Bozen, Bereich »Minderheiten und Autonomien«

Volume 13 2008

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National Identity and Membership of a Polity S. 68-72

„… science and sociology. A. National Identity and Membership of a Polity One common metaphor in discussions …” „… constitutional principles.186 The second dimension of national identity concerns the way a political community …” „… component of national identity has to do with the way one relates to one's community.188 Identity is not a …”

Introduction S. 93-99

„… , integrating into the overall national society while keeping one’s identity. 281 In some cases, claims related …” „… equality, and on the other to preserve the characteristics and the separate identity of minorities. This …” „… religious identity within a diverse society. Full and effective participation in cultural, social and …”

European Citizenship and Long-Term Residence S. 84-89

„… point by saying that social unity and identity-shaping are indeed too central to our political morality …” „… . European Citizenship and Long-Term-Residence At the supra-national level, the citizenship of the European …” „… additional dual citizenship, which implies both the national and the European one without jeopardising the …”

Identity Rights and Religion S. 172-211

„… mankind. The identity to be protected and promoted may be national, ethnic, cultural, religious or …” „… national or ethnic, cultural, religious and linguistic identity of minorities within their respective …” „… national minority, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, there is now a range of identity …”

Subjective Factors S. 60-62

„… addition to their identity as members of a national minority. The decision as to whether an individual is a …” „… desire to be treated as such. This is what nowadays is referred to as the awareness of its own identity …” „… complex.149 One of the principles established under the FCNM is that every person belonging to a national …”

Conclusion - Developing Membership and Complementary Identities S. 89-92

„… , it was argued we contented that a concept of national identity in terms of free and spontaneous …” „… saying that social unity and identity-shaping are indeed too central to our political morality and that …” „… .262 Zolberg has written that we should not think of “identity-formation as a constantsum game, whereby …”

Conclusion - Beyond the Old/New Minority Dichotomy S. 62-67

„… increasingly irrelevant? Can aliens better integrate through a subjective concept of national identity based on …” „… unsettled issue at both national and international level. The right to existence and the recognition of …” „… to maintain a collective identity which differs from a dominant culture. Culture in this context is …”

Is National Citizenship still relevant? S. 72-76

„… 72 ship, a form of identification. National identity is …” „… the dead heroes. These symbols play an important part in articulating national identity. In a …” „… loyalty of all major groups. National identity is thus a matter of moral and emotional identification with …”

Introduction S. 13-16

„… into the national body through assimilation or naturalisation. Along these lines, Chapter 3 (Identity …” „… concept of national identity based on self-identification or is national formal citizenship still a …” „… possible to promote and cultivate a common identity formed by multiple identities while maintaining …”

Multiculturalism: A Critical Appraisal S. 23-30

„… , David Miller, Citizenship and National Identity (Polity Press, Cambridge, 2000), at 105-106. 32 See …” „… them. Canada officially adopted a 'multiculturalism' policy at the national level in 1971. Australia …” „… , official name of ethnic groups, national holidays, teaching of history, official apologies).17 From these …”

Specific Aspects of the General Rule of Equality S. 155-172

„… mankind. The identity to be protected and promoted may be national, ethnic, cultural, religious or …” „… upon which approach to interpretation is adopted by national administrations, legislatures and courts …” „… abilities of these individuals to participate in the wider national society. However, they do not contribute …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-9

„… 8Chapter 3: Identity, Citizenship and Membership of a Polity 68 A. National Identity and Membership …” „… Reference for Minority-Majority Relations 34 1. National Courts and International Human Rights Law 36 …” „… of a Polity 70 B. Is National Citizenship still relevant? 72 C. Citizenship and Sovereignty of …”

Attempts to find a General Definition of Minorities S. 53-55

„… of the population of a state, in a non-dominant position, whose members - being nationals of the …” „… avoidance of word `inferior`, the use of clearer term such as ‘citizens’ instead of ‘nationals’ and made …” „… of national minorities was made by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in its …”

Bibliography S. 259-285

„… , “Citizenship and National Identity: Some Reflections on the Future of Europe”, 12 Praxis International …” „… National Identity (Polity Press, Cambridge, 2000). Ministère de l´intérieur et de l´aménagement du …” „… 2003. Eide, Asbjørn, Commentary to the UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or …”

Common Definition of Minorities: Cons and Pros S. 48-53

„… assist and encourage the efforts of migrant workers to preserve their national and ethnic identity and …” „… , 2008),104 or of ‘national minority’, as in Article 21 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (2000),105 …” „… of National Minorities, this convention is based on the Copenhagen Document adopted on 29 June 1990 …”

Individual versus Collective Rights: The 'Securitisation' of Ethnic Relations S. 99-103

„… Associated Powers and Poland, signed at Versailles on 28 June 1919 states (Art. 8): "Polish nationals who …” „… the other Polish nationals." Consolidated Treaty Series, Vol. 225, 412. See, Patrick Thornberry …” „… 61-65. See also, Thomas D. Musgrave, Self-Determination and National Minorities (Oxford University Press …”

State Responses to the Challenge of Diversity and Cohesion S. 17-23

„… territory achieve a cultural solidarity sufficient at least to sustain a national existence". The citation …” „… and the successful integration of third-country nationals. See, Council of the European Union, The …” „… Issues Regarding the Situation of National Minorities (N.P. Engel Verlag, Kehl, Strasbourg, Arlington …”

Objective Factors S. 55-60

„… until recently in Pakistan,126 or the formal recording of ethnic affiliation on individual identity …” „… assert an individual or integrated identity is likely to fit most easily with general policies of …” „… depend on particular national circumstances.”, and further it reiterates: “… [I]t cannot be said that the …”

Conclusions - Human Rights and Minority Protection as Integrating Factors S. 38-39

„… 38 Yet, the main obstacle preventing the full application of human rights instruments at national …” „… national legal system or when it is not applicable due to its incomplete content. Non-self-executing norms …” „… conclusion that only by virtue of a genuine and effective cooperation between national and international …”

Conclusions - The Tree Model: The Best of All Possible Integration Models? S. 253-258

„… the political agenda of many societies. The growing diversity of national communities has generated …” „… , linguistic and cultural identity and groups that identify with them. This is achieved through the extension …” „… Framework Convention on National Minorities, together with the preservation of unity and cohesion through …”

Right to Existence and Recognition of Minority Groups S. 103-109

„… regard to maintenance and development of their identity. C. Right to Existence and Recognition of …” „… , international and national laws have progressed sufficiently to afford minority groups the fundamental right of …” „… part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such” (Article 2). There is no mention of …”

Majority-Minority Relationship: Human Rights as Limits to Tolerance - The Diversity Management Decalogue S. 229-239

„… assimilation Principle deducted from right to identity/diversity as enshrined in the following Articles …” „… sense of belonging and trustworthiness as well as promoting and cultivating a common identity formed by …” „… the views and opinions of other international bodies, are directly enforceable in the national legal …”

Conclusion - Defining Common but Differentiated Protection of Minorities S. 239-243

„… (right to existence, non-discrimination and equality, right to identity and diversity, effective …” „… (national and international tribunals); they are based on norms directly enforceable i.e. European …” „… , colonial legacy, contribution to the history or economy of the national wider society, and so on. 242To …”

Why Do We Need a Common Definition of Minorities? S. 40-48

„… Report of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities states, rather ambiguously …” „… non-discrimination-individual rights model and eventual integration. What they desire, Walzer says, is 'national liberation …” „… members and preservation and development of their identity within the dominant society, but also those …”

The Tree Model for Minority Integration S. 30-34

„… . The state, under the supervision of supra-national bodies such as, in Europe, the CoE European Court …” „… recognition of diversity, namely the recognition of religious, ethnic, linguistic and cultural identity and …” „… National Minorities (hereinafter referred to as “the Framework Convention” or “FCNM”),41 to all minority …”

Political Participation S. 211-229

„… , Commentary on the Effective Participation of Persons Belonging to National Minorities in Cultural, Social and …” „… Participation of (National) Minorities”, 25/3, Journal of European Integration (2003), 225-248. 212 …” „… ; involving these persons in the preparation, implementation and assessment of national and regional …”

Integration Policies as 'Fertiliser' of the Tree Model for Minority Integration S. 247-253

„… might call national society as a whole. This so-called ‘nested process’ should be recognised in policy …” „… ethnic and/or national identification: that is, identificational integration.885 As a result …” „… , European Forum for Migration Studies (University of Bamberg) et al., “EFFNATIS - Effectiveness of National …”

Universal System of Protection: The United Nations S. 109-113

„… of pivotal importance not only to protect the identity and diversity of minority groups but also to …” „… “race, colour, sex, language, religion, political and other opinion, national or social origin, property …” „… Convention”) may be based on a variety of factors such as race, colour, descent, national origin, or ethnic …”

European System of Protection: The European Union S. 120-130

„… , until 19 July 2003, to introduce the national laws and arrangements necessary to meet the standards …” „… Commission the measures they have taken to transpose into their national law the EU Directives. Therefore …” „… Community law requiring substantial legislative changes at national level and it might, on the face of it …”

Equality and Non-Citizens S. 130-155

„… , religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.” 437 …” „… pertaining to non-citizens is only limited to the nationals of other States Parties. With regard to …” „… national an emergency advance on his pension, to which he had contributed through his employment, solely on …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845212562

Jens Stilhoff Sörensen - Splitting Europe

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Jens Stilhoff Sörensen

Splitting Europe

2022

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7 Russian Identity and Foreign Policy: National Reconstruction S. 127-146

„… backwardness, Chapter 7Russian Identity and Foreign PolicyNational Reconstruction128 Chapter 7as historian …” „… interpreting agents, processes and events, and as Russian Identity and Foreign Policy 129material in national …” „… definition of national identity, and in Russia foreign policy has been an integral component of this process …”

1 Introduction: Splitting Europe S. 1-20

„… Germany is also examined.Chapter 7, ‘Russian Identity and Foreign Policy: National Reconstruction …” „… ’, provides a general interpretive analysis of Russian foreign policy and national identity formation. The …” „… party had imploded into competing fragments with ever-stronger identity-political proclamations by the …”

4 The Dissenters S. 53-76

„… to national identity and nationalism. These tension fields sometimes intertwine, with mobilisation …” „… rule gave a blow to national identity that have been important to rehabilitate in the transition …” „… de-nationalise public life. Anything belonging to national identity is labelled nationalism, in a negative sense …”

9 Conclusion S. 191-198

„… relationship with the West in terms of how it has been seeking its identity.The chapter thereby provides a …” „… can be both on subnational and national levels. The former results in movements that may come with …” „… institutions. The latter, counter-reactions on a national level, may come in the form of national mobilisation …”

References S. 199-218

„… (2016b) Russia’s Foreign Policy: Change and Continuity in National Identity, Rowman …” „… National Self Determination’ in Huttenbach, H and F Privitera (eds) Self-Determination from Versailles to …” „… Union, Routledge.Arkes, H (1972) Bureaucracy, the Marshall Plan and the National Interest, Prince-ton …”

Index S. 219-228

„… Industry, “creative destruction” of, 58Hungary, 13, 55; academic freedom in, 56 – 57, 72n20; national …” „… interference in National Day Speech” (Traynor), 61“Hungary’s Orban Calls for Global Anti-Migrant Alliance with …” „… Eye on 2018 Elections” (Dunai), 61ICBMs, 115identity politics, 9, 11 – 12, 19n23, 84ideology …”

5 Neoliberalism, Elite Revolt and Dislocation of the Left S. 77-98

„… nationally rooted working class and its dependence on national democratic institutions. Lasch was first and …” „… was replaced by exclusion and the emphasis on class was replaced by an emphasis on identity.22The …” „… workers marched voluntarily to the frontlines in national-ist fervour, rather than aligning in …”

Preface

„… 997 Russian Identity and Foreign Policy: National Reconstruction 1278 Meltdown: New Cold War 1479 …” „… meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of …”

8 Meltdown: New Cold War S. 147-190

„… intellect, lacking national identity or simply as terrorists. Sakwa describes an interview in which the …” „… national security interest. There is no longer an ideological conflict between capitalism and communism, no …” „… actions, including the bolstering of national defense and taking retaliatory or asymmetrical measures’.13 …”

3 Towards a Neoliberal Union S. 35-52

„… none of the national electorates where consulted, until a referendum in Britain in 1976. The exclusion …” „… legality of directives and conflicts between the Union and national law. Here there is no recording of the …” „… an independent judiciary, the European Court, capable of rulings against the national govern-ments …”

6 Lost Visions and Failed Promises: Ending the Cold War and the End of the Soviet Union S. 99-126

„… understand Russian foreign policy and national identity formation more generally, which the next chapter sets …” „… forces set in motion here, such as the national mobilisation in especially the Baltics and parts of the …” „… anti-Soviet revolution from below in the republics. The national-ist mobilisation was also limited to the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538150801

Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem - Wandel der Medienordnung - Reaktionen in Medienrecht, Medienpolitik und Medienwissenschaft

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Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem

Wandel der Medienordnung - Reaktionen in Medienrecht, Medienpolitik und Medienwissenschaft

Series: Publikationen des Hans-Bredow-Instituts

Volume 2009

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National Identity and Cultural Values as Elements of Diversity: Broadcasting Safeguards S. 331-348

„… 323 C 14 National Identity and Cultural Values as Elements of Diversity: Broadcasting Safeguards …” „… U.S. can determine on its own whether it wishes to preserve cultural or national identity for the …” „… Britain). An overview of regulations can be found in Wiesand (1985, 1986). C 14 National Identity and …”

Protection of the Communications Order through Broadcasting Supervision S. 379-419

„… cultural and political identity at the European, national and/or regional level, special quota rules have …” „… own, identity-forming programs would otherwise be lacking. The experiences with quota rules are …” „… , not simply created new rules itself but also relies on harmonized national regulations and the …”

Chancengleichheit in zukünftigen Kommunikationssystemen S. 303-331

„… Konfliktlosigkeit kein Instrument zur Konfliktbereinigung ist! 323 C 14 National Identity and Cultural Values …” „… – diskutierte Problematik eingebunden, ob Rundfunk auch dazu dienen kann, nationale Identität zu schützen (C 14 …” „… and protection of cultural identity from a European perspective. Four subgoals of diversity are …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… 13 Chancengleichheit in zukünftigen Kommunikationssystemen.......297 14 National Identity and …”

State-Guaranteed Funding of Public Service S. 295-303

„… cultural and linguistic identity • Multiplicity of programme formats • Coverage of important events …” „… – insbesondere international – diskutierte Problematik eingebunden, ob Rundfunk auch dazu dienen kann, nationale …”

New Roles for Public Television in Western Europe: Challenges and Prospects S. 791-811

„… , tighter funding, and competition with private (national and international) rivals. They may be tempted to …” „… producers, and in board-level deliberations. Public television bodies may set national viewing share …” „… the inflows of international communication. In addition to coverage of national developments in sports …”

Schriftenverzeichnis S. 857-899

„… .), The Politics of the Communications Revolution in Western Europe, 1987 94. „National Identity and …” „… . Mitherausgeber von: „Satellitenkommunikation. Nationale Mediensysteme und internationale Kommunikationspolitik …” „… – Nationale Rundfunkordnungen“ in: Rundfunk und Fernsehen, Vol. 34, 1986, S. 5-22, wiederabgedruckt in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220383

David Bosold, Petr Drulák, Nik Hynek - Democratization and Security in Central and Eastern Europe and the Post-Soviet States

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David Bosold (ed.), Petr Drulák (ed.), Nik Hynek (ed.)

Democratization and Security in Central and Eastern Europe and the Post-Soviet States

Series: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Volume 2012

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Hanna Vasilevich Authoritarianism versus Democracy in Belarus: Does National Identity Matter? S. 77-100

„… 77 Authoritarianism versus Democracy in Belarus: Does National Identity Matter? by Hanna …” „… national identity in Belarus seems to be a plausible explanation for this situation. In fact, there is …” „… . The weak national identity which, in the author’s view, is the reason for both the election of the …”

Petr Drulák Concluding Remarks: Are There any Lessons to Learn? S. 293-304

„… post-communist conflicts. However, as Hanna Vasilevich argues, a lack of a genuine national identity …” „… these two countries also lack a widely shared national identity narrative. External actors Apart from …” „… Estonian identity raises doubts about whether the label of “Baltic” has any meaning. He argues that the …”

Vsevolod Samokhalov Colored Revolutions in the wider Black Sea Region and the Geopoliticization of Democracy S. 125-148

„… elements of the identity-informed research on Russian foreign policy. It should take into account and …” „… value to the identity-informed research of Russian foreign policy. In brief, if Russia wants to enjoy …” „… was mostly construed in terms of post-Soviet studies and/or post-imperial identity with the …”

David Bosold, Christian Achrainer Democratization and Security in Central and Eastern Europe and the Post-Soviet States S. 9-22

„… neighbors and a significant improvement of its national security—has thus far not materialized with regard …” „… the state and its underlying construction of national narratives and identities (from Soviet …” „… volume will address country-specific factors of democratic transition by highlighting different national …”

Lucas Kello The Advantages of Latitude: Estonia’s post-Communist Success Story S. 23-54

„… Estonia’s return to freedom must therefore consider the question of national defense. Second, it will be …” „… evince the presence of a stable Estonian “collective identity;” the other, in order to reveal its …” „… examination of the convictions of leaders in positions of national authority. As the ultimate “carriers …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 by Nik Hynek and Vit Stritecky Authoritarianism versus Democracy in Belarus: Does National …” „… Identity Matter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 by Hanna …”

Zhanyl Bokonbaeva Drawbacks and Limitations of the U. S. Democracy Promotion in Kyrgyzstan S. 249-266

„… . 2 Kyrgyzstan National Opinion Poll, October 8–26, 2008. International Republican Institute. Baltic …” „… practices of democratization”7 in Kyrgyzstan, with Europe (meaning European national governments, the …” „… Asian region into the center of world politics: The Bush administration’s National Security Strategy …”

Assel Rustemova Beyond Democratic Theory: Exploring Authoritarian Liberalisms in Central Asia S. 229-248

„… national identity and attachment of its population to the Soviet past. Janyl Bokonbaeva, on the other …” „… development is a central national goal and the sole legitimizing principle of each government. The …” „… freedom while securing “the formation of a national state, army and national culture […] [and] setting …”

Svitlana A. Kobzar Passive versus Active Leverage: The European Union’s Impact on the Democratization of Ukraine S. 101-124

„… Central Eastern European Countries (CEECs) developed national strategies for technical assistance that …” „… government did not embark on creating a national program for managing EU technical assistance.35 Unlike the …” „… of the government while asserting that the “[n]ational interests of Ukraine require the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845234595

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