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Elisa Hoven, Thomas Weigend - Consent and Sexual Offenses

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Elisa Hoven (ed.), Thomas Weigend (ed.)

Consent and Sexual Offenses

Series: Sexualität in Recht und Gesellschaft

Volume 3 2022

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Aya Gruber United States S. 299-326

„… United StatesAya Gruber*BackgroundAttitudes in the United States toward Sex Crimes and Sex Crime …” „… United States carves out the specific category, “sex crimes,” and fits within that category diverse …” „… ); Jennifer Wriggins, Rape, Racism, and the Law, 6 Harv. Women’s L.J. 103, 118–21 (1983).United States301 …”

Karolina Kremens Regulating Expression of Consent in Sexual Relations S. 43-56

„… , Switzerland, and the United States of America. The chapter ends with conclusions that look beyond the form in …” „… expressed seems not to be that complicated. For example, the RAINN6 website states that consent “should be …” „… consent is”8. The National Sexual Violence Resource Center9 similarly states that consent must be “freely …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… KremensSweden 251Linnea WegerstadSwitzerland 271Nora ScheideggerTurkey 285R. Barış AtladıUnited States 299Aya …” „… License.OnlineversionNomos eLibraryWe acknowledge financial support for the publication of this book by the State …”

Aya Gruber Affirmative Consent S. 57-82

„… .” Critics of retributivism argue that it propelled the United States to become the world’s biggest …” „… fungible. The more pressing question is whether sexual consent is a mental state, an external performance …” „… states. For example, if a person who wants sex says “yes,” sex is obviously “consensual.” Controversy …”

Linnea Wegerstad Sense and Caution. A Comparative Perspective on Sweden’s Negligent Rape Law S. 119-126

„… be expected of a sensible and diligent 13 See the chapter on the United States in this volume.14 …” „… out whether women consent to intercourse. And if a woman finds herself in a helpless state, it is …”

Andrew Dyer Mistaken Beliefs about Consent S. 103-118

„… ‘outdated’.9 From now on, he announced, the law would state that a person would have the mens rea for sexual …” „… complainant’s failure to resist, when her Honour made the findings that she did about the accused’s mental state …” „… issue of consent in rape and sexual assault cases’ in that State.50 Like Cossins, these commentators are …”

Wojciech Jasiński Defining Rape. In Quest of the Optimal Solution S. 11-24

„… international bodies like the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.3 …” „… – overview of legislation and state of play in Europe and international human rights standards, 2018 …” „… rape – overview of legislation and state of play in Europe and international human rights standards …”

Kai Lindenberg The Netherlands S. 211-230

„… the time of writing the draft is awaiting its evaluation by the Council of State, after which it will …” „… on the French Code Pénal, which predominantly carried offences against interests of the state. The …” „… Brown v The United Kingdom, ECtHR, Judgment of 19 February 1997, 09/1995/615/703–705.22 Lindenberg and …”

Thomas Weigend, Elisa Hoven Synopsis S. 327-346

„… Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States of America. Australia and the U.S …” „… victim’s pre-existing state of helplessness is treated as an equivalent to the use of force (Austria …” „… prostitution, of a teenager giving consent in a state of drunkenness, or of B agreeing to having sex with his …”

Gian Marco Caletti Coercion by Violence and its Changing Meaning. The Experience of Italy S. 25-42

„… instance, the theory of “inherent force” in United States law28), the courts have tried to expand the …” „… intercourse.9 As Lysias states in On the murder of Eratosthenes, “seducers corrupt minds, to the point that …” „… state of mind which permits her to drive a car with her rapist sitting beside her”.42The judgment …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748930242

Sarah Raveling - Self-Representation Before International Criminal Tribunals

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Sarah Raveling

Self-Representation Before International Criminal Tribunals

Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Europäischen Strafrecht

Volume 11 2014

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United States S. 467-468

„… 1970R. v Ernest Isaac Woodward, (1944) 29 Cr. App. R. 159, 08 December 1943United StatesAdams v. U.S …” „… . Christopher Simmons (U.S. Supreme Court), 543 U.S. 551, 01 March2005United States of America v. Kashani Farhad …” „… (U.S. Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit), 190F.3d 1097, 13 September 1999United States of America v …”

European Court of Human Rights S. 466-467

„… , 08 December 1943United StatesAdams v. U.S. ex rel. McCann (U.S. Supreme Court), 317 U.S. 269, 21 …” „… 2005United States of America v. Kashani Farhad (U.S. Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit), 190F.3d 1097, 13 …” „… September 1999United States of America v. William Stewart McDowell (U.S. Court of Appeals SixthCircuit), 814 …”

United Kingdom S. 467

„… 1970R. v Ernest Isaac Woodward, (1944) 29 Cr. App. R. 159, 08 December 1943United StatesAdams v. U.S …” „… . Christopher Simmons (U.S. Supreme Court), 543 U.S. 551, 01 March2005United States of America v. Kashani Farhad …” „… (U.S. Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit), 190F.3d 1097, 13 September 1999United States of America v …”

International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia S. 441-465

„… to Reply and Reply: Motion for BindingOrder to United States of America, 02 October 2009Case No. IT …” „… : United States of America,07 December 2010Case No. IT-95-5/18-T, Decision on Prosecution’s Request for …” „… 2011Case No. IT-95-5/18-T, Third Motion for Binding Order: United States of America, 24January 2011Case …”

National jurisdictions S. 16-34

„… thespecific example of the jurisprudence of the United States Supreme Courton the matter. In general it can be …” „… (2009), at 1524-1526.42 United States of America v. Kashani Farhad (U.S. Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit …” „… implicitly does, impermissibly elevatesform over substance.” Ibid., at 1105.43 United States of America v …”

Balance of interests S. 313-325

„… for Binding Order to United Statesof America, 02 October 2009, para.4; Prosecutor v. Radovan Karadži …” „… if an accused expressly states that he or shewould not disapprove of a lengthy trial, as long as they …” „… Self-Representation in War Crimes Trials?, 20 Ohio State Journal onDispute Resolution 3 (2005), at 11-12.1375 Cf …”

Complexity of proceedings and (lack of) legal knowledge S. 131-149

„… , 11 September 2009;Motion for BindingOrder: Government of the United States of America, 11 September …” „… December 2010; Second Motion for Binding Order: United States of America, 07December 2010; Motion for …” „… 2011; Third Motion forBinding Order: United States of America, 24 January 2011; Third Motion forBinding …”

The impact of self-representation on the right to a fair trial S. 114-122

„… Völkerstrafrecht (Baden-Baden: NomosVerlagsgesellschaft) 2010, p.93-94.450 Cf. United States of America v. William …” „… Stewart McDowell (U.S. Court of AppealsSixth Circuit), 814 F.2d 245, 16 March 1987, at 251; United States …” „… 1988, at 740-741 (referring to McDowell); United States of Americav. Kashani Farhad (U.S. Court of …”

Statutory provisions on the right to defend oneself in person S. 54-66

„… Agreement betweenthe United Nations and the Government of Sierra Leone on the Establishment of aSpecial …” „… a decision by a trial chamber of the SCSLin Norman, states that such a situation was not …” „… International Right to Self-Representation in War Crimes Trials?,20 Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution 3 …”

Recognition of the right to self-representation at different stages of the proceedings S. 89-114

„… open the possibility for state courts to provide for a right to defendoneself during the appeals stage …” „… State. Anyother approach is unworthy of a free people.“353 Prosecutor v. Mom?ilo Krajišnik, Case No. IT …” „… counsel399 Anthony Pasquall Faretta v. State of California (U.S. Supreme Court), 422 U.S. 806,30 June 1975 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… Tribunal or the United Nations in general.BUT_Raveling_0875-8.indd 4 04.12.13 10:07 “Of course …” „… 2831. Unintentional obstruction283a. The case of Slobodan Miloševi?288b. Impact of the accused’s state …”

Doctrine S. 431-439

„… (2006)Bartholomeusz, Lance: The Amicus Curiae Before International Courts and Tribunals,5 Non-State …” „… Provisions, Practice and Awareness in the State Union of Serbia andMontenegroCompared to International Human …” „… State Authority. A Comparative Approachto the Legal Process (New Haven / London: Yale University Press …”

Imposition of counsel S. 325-349

„… United States.1424It was argued that the ICTY registry would have been obliged to providethe defendant …” „… legal adviser, Peter Robinson, comes from the UnitedStates of America, the country widely recognised as …” „… associate in the proceedings originated from theU.S., and thus from a major NATO member state, invalidates …”

The role of imposed counsel S. 349-363

„… quietly giving advice”.1530Turning to the United States, Chief Justice Burger in his dissent in …” „… (Court of Appeal), [1971] P. 33, 12 June 1970, at 33.1531 Anthony Pasquall Faretta v. State of California …” „… Pasquall Faretta v. State of California (U.S. Supreme Court), 422U.S. 806, 30 June 1975, at 834 fn.46.1533 …”

Obstruction of the proceedings S. 278-305

„… prosecution case in light of the continuous negative impact ofthe defendant’s state of health on the conduct …” „… state of health of the defendant.1188 According to the trial chamber, thissituation endangered the …” „… beenvisaged in order to allow the proceedings to continue while taking dueaccount of the accused’s state of …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250878

Monica Donghi - Patent Strategy in Pharmaceutical Industry: Are additional patents valuable?

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Monica Donghi

Patent Strategy in Pharmaceutical Industry: Are additional patents valuable?

Series: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center - MIPLC Studies

Volume 20 2014

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United States S. 82

„… ) England and Wales High Court (EWHC) 1487 (Pat). United States Aventis Pharma SA v. Hospira Inc. and Apotex …” „… %201/2011/ 201109968/Provvedimenti/201207467_01.XML. United Kingdom KCI Licensing v. Smith & Nephew, (2010 …”

Acronyms and Abbreviations S. 11-12

„… 320 (1999), 1869 U.N.T.S. 299, 33 I.L.M. 1197 (1994) UK United Kingdom 11 U.S. United States of …” „… America U.S.C. United States Code USPTO United States Patent and Trademark Office Acronyms and …”

Use of Procedural Provisions S. 37-39

„… 2005, Pharmacia & Upjohn filed two patent applications92 in the United States exclusively which are …” „… application had been filed. In the United States latanoprost was covered by the patent US 5,296,504 which had …” „… latanoprost was thus obtained in various EU Member States and gave additional coverage until July 2011.101 In …”

United Kingdom S. 82

„… ) England and Wales High Court (EWHC) 1487 (Pat). United States Aventis Pharma SA v. Hospira Inc. and Apotex …” „… %201/2011/ 201109968/Provvedimenti/201207467_01.XML. United Kingdom KCI Licensing v. Smith & Nephew, (2010 …”

Italy S. 81-82

„… , (2010) England and Wales High Court (EWHC) 1487 (Pat). United States Aventis Pharma SA v. Hospira Inc …” „… http://www.giustizia‑amministrativa.it/DocumentiGA/Roma/Sezione%201/2011/ 201109968/Provvedimenti/201207467_01.XML. United Kingdom KCI Licensing v. Smith & Nephew …”

Statutes S. 82-83

„… ) England and Wales High Court (EWHC) 1487 (Pat). United States Aventis Pharma SA v. Hospira Inc. and Apotex …” „… %201/2011/ 201109968/Provvedimenti/201207467_01.XML. United Kingdom KCI Licensing v. Smith & Nephew, (2010 …”

Conclusion S. 39-41

„… application had been filed. In the United States latanoprost was covered by the patent US 5,296,504 which had …”

Patent Portfolio S. 33-37

„… 2005, Pharmacia & Upjohn filed two patent applications92 in the United States exclusively which are …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845251288

Kate Quinn, Alejandra Peña Gutiérrez - What Is a Museum?

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Kate Quinn (ed.), Alejandra Peña Gutiérrez (ed.), The United States National Committee of the International Council of Museum The United States National Committee of the International Council of Museum

What Is a Museum?

2022

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The United States National Committee oft he International Council of Museums S. 171-174

„… 171The United States National Committee of the International Council of MuseumsThe International …” „… orga-nization made up of museums and museum professionals; ICOM is similar to the United Nations. In every …” „… Ramirez-Montagut, executive director, Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State UniversityDaniel Ronan …”

Part Six Crisis S. 129-156

„… land we occupy in the United States:The National Public Housing Museum is located in Chicago, a city …” „… claimed to be the largest cooperative store in the United States—competing with the prices of large …” „… United States nor China received general approbation for their handling of climate change.The …”

Part One What Is a Museum? S. 1-24

„… else, surely it has demonstrated that currently in the United States—and we are hardly alone—we …” „… , an ongoing debate regarding the definition of muse-ums has taken place both in the United States and …” „… American Museums TodayOBSERVATIONS AND PRIORITIESThomas J. LoughmanMuseums in the United States have long …”

Part Three The Function of Collecting S. 49-74

„… the legacy of enslavement or coloniality in the United States—and what that has meant to how we …” „… this discussion for museums in the United States is a nuance not applicable generally: it is a country …” „… , International Council of Museums, United States, https://www.icomus .org/webinar-series--part-two.2. “What Is a …”

Part Two Safe Places or Social Spaces? S. 25-48

„… incarceration in the United States.At the Museum of Free Derry, a project of the Bloody Sunday Trust in Northern …” „… Norris36 Linda NorrisStatue of Liberty/Ellis Island and the Missouri History Museum in the United States …” „… (and often stolen) by the White majorities of the United States and European nations. In the United …”

Part Four The Whiteness of Museums S. 75-100

„… the United States’ founding fathers, argued that liberty was a human right, and reason and sci-entific …” „… emerged. So, in the West, including the United States, museums were White from the beginning and have …” „… have been difficult for museums in Eu-rope and the United States to be anything but White in their …”

Preface

„… LeadersEdited by Kate Quinn and Alejandra Peña GutiérrezFor the United States National Committee of the …” „… . | International Council of Museums. United States National Committee, sponsoring body. Title: What is a museum …” „… . Description: Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield, 2022. | “The United States National Committee of the …”

Index S. 175-192

„… , 19; social, 127; South Africa, 39; Ukrainian, 44; United States, 21, 139; of violence, 138; Western …” „… SitesICOM-US. See United States Committee, International Council of Museums ICSC. See International Coalition …” „… Climate Change (IPCC), 143United States, xv, 7, 10, 18, 21, 22, 35, 37, 46, 54, 69; Capitol, 61, 67 …”

About the Contributors S. 193-204

„… J. Paul Getty Museum (2006–2008). Born in Scotland and raised in the United States and the United …” „… the United States and Europe as well as continuing to participate actively on the boards of several …” „… cochair of the United States National Committee of the International Council of Museums. His scholarship …”

Part Five Museums as Influencers S. 101-128

„… connectivity and social service. Stephen E. Weil, the distinguished and renowned leader in the United States …” „… United States as being from “about something to for somebody.”1 This phrase is credited to Michael Spock …” „… years later, as the world emerges from a global pandemic and communities across the United States demand …”

About the Editors S. 205-207

„… . Since 2017, Quinn has been on the board of directors for the United States Committee of the …” „… of the Association of Art Museum Directors (AAMD), the American Association of State and Local …” „… United Kingdom, and several universities in the Philadelphia region. She holds a BFA in theatrical design …”

Part Seven What Now/Now What? S. 157-170

„… 13 percent of them might be unable to reopen.1 In April 2021, UNESCO updated its report on the state …” „… height of the pandemic, food insecurity grew more pronounced. According to the United Na-tions, as many …” „… -shows-who-says-what-counts-questions-historical-narratives/.5. “The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021: The World Is at a Crit-ical …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538167816

Gudrun Hochmayr, Walter Gropp - Die Verjährung als Herausforderung für die grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit in Strafsachen

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Gudrun Hochmayr (ed.), Walter Gropp (ed.)

Die Verjährung als Herausforderung für die grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit in Strafsachen

Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Europäischen Strafrecht

Volume 54 2021

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Stephen C. Thaman Country Report United States S. 537-572

„… Country Report United States Stephen C. Thaman Contents Introduction 538 Abstract Analysis of …” „… statutes of limitations in criminal cases are essentially not recognized, the United States (hereafter U.S …” „… . Crim. L. Rev. 2008, 115. 7 Robinson (Fn. 3), § 202(c). Country Report United States 539 This is …”

Gudrun Hochmayr A Comparative Analysis of Statutes of Limitation S. 705-832

„… not been conclusively clarified why this model was not followed in the United States. The basic model …” „… of limitation in the United States – non-limitability of the most serious crimes (capital crimes) and …” „… United States. Comparative legal analysis of national regulations First Complex: The statute of …”

Abkürzungsverzeichnis S. 1005-1014

„… anderem U.S. / US / USA United States (of America) U.S.C. U.S. Code (Kodifikation des allgemeinen …” „… Strafprozessordnung (DE) SMG Suchtmittelgesetz (AT) sog. sogenannt(e/er/es) SOU Statens offentliga utredningar …” „… (Hrsg.), Kommentar zum StGB (DE) Stat. Statute(s) (eng.) – Gesetz(e) Stb Statsblad (Gesetzesblatt, NL …”

Walter Gropp, Gudrun Hochmayr, Thomas Kolb, Magdalena Pierzchlewicz A Model for a Workable Harmonisation of Criminal Statutes of Limitations in the EU S. 905-954

„… presented as a non-binding model rule, comparable to the Model Penal Code in the United States,8 which can …” „… United Kingdom (England and Wales), and the United States (New York). 12 Cf. Hochmayr (fn. 2), A. Walter …” „… ; Gómez Martín, Landesbericht Spanien; Karsai/Szomora, Landesbericht Ungarn; Thaman, Country Report United …”

Samantha Halliday, Susan Lazer, Ann Wood Country Report England and Wales S. 135-148

„… law jurisdictions other than the United States of America.1 In England and Wales, the maxim nullum …” „… decision and there are substantial grounds for objecting to bail. 10 See for example United States v …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… Martín Landesbericht Ungarn 503 Krisztina Karsai / Zsolt Szomora Country Report United States 537 Stephen …”

Gudrun Hochmayr Rechtsvergleichende Analyse der Verjährungsregelungen S. 573-704

„… United States, A. First Complex III.1. 8 Griechenland, Italien, Österreich. 9 Deutschland, Frankreich …” „… Besonderheiten der Rechtslage in den USA Country Report United States A. First Complex III.3. 60 Schweiz; vgl …” „… Report United States A. First Complex III.4. 69 Landesbericht Ungarn A. 2. Komplex II.6. 70 Art. 7 Abs. 2 …”

Walter Gropp, Gudrun Hochmayr, Thomas Kolb, Magdalena Pierzchlewicz Modell einer tragfähigen Harmonisierung der Verfolgungsverjährung in der EU S. 853-904

„… , Country Report United States. Modell einer tragfähigen Harmonisierung der Verfolgungsverjährung in der EU …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748926535

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