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Michael Davis - Engineering as a Global Profession

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Michael Davis

Engineering as a Global Profession

2021

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Part I: Distinguishing Engineering from Other Professions S. 1-88

„… certain technical standard considering the moral ideal it was designed to serve. Conduct is …” „… , technical standards incorporate the same standards a code of ethics would in England, Australia, or the …” „… ”). Whether the technical standards of engineers in a certain country in fact serve as an implicit code of …”

Part II: The Study of Engineering as a Profession S. 89-120

„… (reasonable) technical standards for safety, efficiency, qual-ity, and documentation. Or, to put the point …” „… their ethics, including their technical standards, but absent such a study showing the opposite, I think …” „… ethics, my best guess is that most engineers learn ethics through instruction in technical standards …”

Part IV: Engineering’s Globalism S. 217-302

„… , both the rigidity necessary to apply the same 222 Chapter 16standard to a large number of quite …” „… special software. The software switches from standard mode to test-rig mode when the traction control …” „… mode preempted the standard mode. The test-rig mode is not supposed to change any setting affecting …”

Part III: Professional Responsibility of Engineers S. 121-216

„… engineering societies have been developing technical standards of this sort for more than a century. There is …” „… indi-vidual engineers to solve an ethical problem is to get their technical society to change the standards …” „… a more recent history of similar standard-setting by international bodies, such as the IEEE or …”

Preface

„… • LondonEngineering as a Global ProfessionTechnical and Ethical StandardsMichael DavisPublished by Rowman …” „… Cataloging-in-Publication DataNames: Davis, Michael, 1943– author.Title: Engineering as a global profession : technical and …” „… ethical standards / Michael Davis.Description: Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield, [2021] | Includes …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538155059

Patricia C. Franks - The Handbook of Archival Practice

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Patricia C. Franks (ed.)

The Handbook of Archival Practice

2021

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Appendix 1-A. Summary of ISO Standards and Technical Reports Relevant to Entries in the Handbook S. 425-436

„… 425Appendix 1-ASummary of ISO Standards and Technical Reports Relevant to Entries in the …” „… Online Browsing Platform (OBP).ISO Standard or Technical Report DescriptionTerms Used in the Standard or …” „… Technical ReportGeneral Standard for Information and DocumentationISO 5127:2017Information and …”

Section 6. DIGITAL PRESERVATION S. 207-282

„… repository where content could be described and managed in a standards-based system and mi-grated into new …” „… Digital Preservation: the complete set of actions, technical and sociocultural, necessary to ensure that …” „… and incorporating recognized standards and best prac-tices including Premis, PRONOM, Dublin Core, and …”

Section 4. ARRANGEMENT AND DESCRIPTION S. 141-180

„… technical standard for encoding descriptive, admin-istrative, and structural metadata about archival records …” „… ) (Technical Subcommittee on Encoded Archival Standards 2019). EAD was widely adopted by the archives community …” „… Society of American Archivists’ Technical Subcommittee on Encoded Archival Standards. Through its …”

Section 1. THE PREVAILING ENVIRONMENT S. 1-30

„… followed.ISO STANDARDS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS FOR ARCHIVES AND RECORDS MANAGEMENTThe International …” „… standards and technical reports have been released since 2001, including all parts of ISO 23081 Records …” „… Implementation.Nowadays we can speak about a harmonized ISO standards and technical reports system on records management …”

About the Contributors S. 465-480

„… Society of American Archivists’ Technical Subcom-mittee for Encoded Archival Standards.Entry: Encoded …” „… Archival StandardsRodgers, Robyn K., MLISSenior ArchivistDepartment of Veteran AffairsRobyn Rodgers has …” „… Australia. In recent years, his work has focused on standards for archi-val description and digital …”

Section 9. RISK MANAGEMENT, SECURITY, AND PRIVACY S. 339-384

„… and adhere to the same cybersecurity standards.WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR THE ARCHIVIST?Corporate …” „… standards.USING FILE ANALYSIS TOOLSThe manual process of analyzing information through standard metadata can be …” „… -solutions-and-tools/file-formats-and -standards.European Commission. 2020. “Identifying Redun-dant, Outdated and Trivial Content.” Accessed July 11 …”

Section 2. RECORDS CREATION AND RECORDKEEPING SYSTEMS S. 31-84

„… creating and storing records. Blockchain, an emerging technology, is one of the latest. ISO technical …” „… is designed to comply with professional standards for management of records, such as those defined in …” „… ISO 15489 (ISO 2016). Many are not.The technical components and operations of blockchains and …”

Section 3. APPRAISAL AND ACQUISITION S. 85-140

„… Standard (DACS) guidelines for required data elements in a single-level descrip-tive record:• Reference …” „… packed and shipped by standard means, such as FedEx, often an accessioning archi-vist must travel to pack …” „… . 2019. Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS). https://saa-ts-dacs.github.io/dacs/06_part_I/02 …”

Appendix 5-B. Resources for Disaster Planning and Recovery Assistance S. 451-452

„… stewards, first responders, and emergency managers by providing education and training; technical …” „… , scientific/technical, and records and archival management advice and information on stabilization, security, logistics …” „… , electrical, and related hazards.• Maintains NFPA 232, Standard for the Protection of Records.8 Northeast …”

Alphabetic List of Entries S. 481-482

„… Standards and Technical ReportsStrategic Planning, 417–421. See also Appendix 10-C, Strategic Placement …” „… Encoded Archival Description (EAD), 159–162Encoded Archival Standards, 163–166Entry titles with page …”

Index S. 483-490

„… Standards and Technical Reportsstrategic planning, 417–421; DEAI and, 401; sustainability and, 422–423 …” „… ; strategic planning and, 419; WCAG 2.0 AA standards and, 218accessioning, 86–90; archival activism and, 5 …” „… digital preservation and, 217; encoded archival standards and, 165–166; accruals (accretions) and, 91 …”

Section 5. STORAGE AND PRESERVATION (ANALOG) S. 181-206

„… files may also influence technical decisions made about the scanning process.EXAMPLESScanning …” „… the borders of the scanning box as necessary. Once set at the edges of the stan-dard paper size, this …” „… Earthquake Brace shelving per standards, local building codes.6 Fire Consult local fire marshal for fire …”

Preface

„… Standards and Technical Reports Relevant to Entries in the Handbook 425Appendix 3-A: Collection Development …” „… ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for …” „… Encoded Archival Description (EAD) 1594.7 Encoded Archival Standards 1634.8 Finding Aid 1674.9 Linked …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538137352

Wieslaw Babik - Knowledge Organization in the 21st Century: Between Historical Patterns and Future Prospects

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Wieslaw Babik (ed.)

Knowledge Organization in the 21st Century: Between Historical Patterns and Future Prospects

Series: Advances in Knowledge Organization

Volume 14 2014

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Ricardo Eito-Brun Ontologies and the exchange of technical information: Building a knowledge repository based on ECSS standards S. 281-288

„… of technical information: Building a knowledge repository based on ECSS standards Abstract The …” „… , the ECSS standards provide a normative framework that specifies, among other requirements, the …” „… ECSS standards, and they provide the intended purpose, scope, and structure of the documents and …”

Widad Mustafa El Hadi, Laurence Favier Bridging the Gaps between Knowledge Organization and Digital Humanities S. 477-485

„… information systems, lexicometrics, the digitalization of cultural, scientific and technical heritage, web …” „… electronic resources and associated technical capabilities for creating, searching and using information. In …” „… Calhoun, 2014). One of the best-known examples using these standards is Europeana, the European Library …”

Agnes Hajdu Barat Hungarians in the history of the UDC S. 244-251

„… Institute in 1923 (the institution that preceded the Economics National Technical Information Centre and …” „… are closer to the international standard. Káplány edited his monograph, Principles of Library …” „… Full Editions Since 1968 the Hungarian Standards Office has published booklets containing the full …”

Veronica Silva Rodriguez Marques The treatment of theatrical text content and the dissemination of information S. 421-428

„… institution responsible for the technical standardization in Brazil, has the standard “NBR 6028/2003 …” „… Brasileira de NormasTécnicas (ABNT), the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International …” „… the standards from the Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), the American National …”

Michele Hudon KO and classification education in the light of Benjamin Bloom’s Taxonomy of learning objectives S. 524-531

„… competencies established by the Association for Library Collections and Technical Services (ALCTS), four …” „… organization and intellectual access, including relevant national and international standards; 2. knowledge of …” „… access and information organization (Association for Library Collections and Technical Services, 1995 …”

Michael K. Buckland Knowledge Organization and the Technology of Intellectual Work S. 14-21

„… technical development: printing, telecommunications, document copying, and computing. Writing. By …” „… compact precision cameras, standard film speeds, and 35 mm safety film were available. Banks, newspapers …” „… , or falsified (Buckland 2012). From a technical perspective document facsimile copying is not …”

Barbara Szczepanowska Promotion of knowledge on the international level - the example of occupational safety S. 588-593

„… institutions which deal with labour, labour medicine, prevention, employment, education, labour standards etc …” „… ., social security institutions, universities and technical universities, OSH training centres, social …” „… accidents insurance, labour inspection, technical supervision inspection, employers’ associations …”

Sahbi Sidhom Numerical training for the information retrieval in medical imaginery: Modeling of the Gabor filters S. 413-420

„… literature. Summarily, the texture parameters are given by calculating the average and the standard …” „… the standard deviation: After the application of the Gabor filter on the image, with the various …” „… energy • Calculation of the standard deviation The fig.1 illustrates the principal parts of the …”

Suellen Oliveira Milani, Jose Augusto Chaves Guimaraes, Hope A. Olson Bias in subject representation: convergences and divergences in the international literature S. 335-342

„… in the careful and equitable application of standards and their adaptation to local contexts …” „… techniques and tools available to indexers at all points in the technical spectrum. Maybe for this reason …” „… those who develop the standards for representation (i.e. classificationists) also see known objects …”

H. Peter Ohly Sociological aspects of knowledge and knowledge organization S. 41-49

„… convention and accordingly regards universal standards skeptical. Simultaneously in the sciences came up a …” „… : - Function of scientific-technical systems - Capitalism in the information area - Information systems for …” „… intelligence (1986, 2008) comes in response thereto in so far as he places human values higher than technical …”

Agnieszka Mlodzka-Stybel Towards continuous improvement of users’ access to a library catalogue S. 509-515

„… information-oriented processes. The period of adapting working conditions to the EU standards requires the intensive …” „… areas of science, both human and technical science, and also an extensive collection of books of …” „… Scientific and Technical Information, Zakopane. ExLibris. 2012. How to Publish ALEPH Records in Google …”

Lynne C. Howarth, Eva Hourihan Jansen Towards a Typology of Warrant for 21st Century Knowledge Organization Systems S. 216-221

„… standard occupational classification system published in Canada. We argue that this shift in semantic …” „… Classification (NOC), can be described as the standard classification scheme organizing knowledge about jobs and …” „… occupational analyses and standards, research papers, as well as on-line information including country-wide …”

Gabriela Besler, Jolanta Szulc Gottlob Frege’sTheory of Definition as Useful Tool for Knowledge Organization. Definition of ‘Context’- Case Study S. 312-319

„… dictionary definitions of the context: from the term known colloquially they make a technical term …” „… objectives is, however, significantly associated with Frege's philosophy. A thought is a technical term in …” „… been known. For example, the definitions written in the standard format for predicate calculus have …”

Izabela Kijenska-Dqbrowska, Marta Kuzminska Classifications and interdisciplinarity within scientific disciplines and its influence on contemporary e-society in Poland S. 572-579

„… on analyses of technical, engineering and life sciences, while they are believed to be more tangible …” „… scientific fields. As the technical and engineering sciences are more prone to referring to bordering …” „… natural/life science 577 Standard triple levelled classification consists of three descriptive levels …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… the 21st Century Ricardo Eito-Brun: Ontologies and the exchange of technical information …” „… : Building a knowledge repository based on ECSS standards Devika P. Madalli, B. Preedip Balaji, Amit …”

Jill McTavish Everyday life classification processes and technologies S. 252-257

„… standards and guidelines into food advice for the Canadian population. By “colloquial, everyday …” „… socio-technical landscape. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York: Palgrave Macmillan. …”

Devika P. Madalli, B. Preedip Balaji, Amit Kumar Sarangi Music domain analysis for building faceted ontological representation S. 289-296

„… subject are: music_education, computer_music, music_standards, music_ information retrieval. Determining …” „… in documentation- the development of PRECIS: a theoretical and technical history. Journal of …”

Pauline Rafferty Genette, Intertextuality, and Knowledge Organization S. 351-358

„… standards did not. In the FRBR model, we can see evidence of Genette’s influence in the mapped …” „… Resources & Technical Services, 50(4), 264-273. Fowler, A. Kinds of literature: an introduction to the …”

Marcia Lei Zeng, Karen F. Gracy, Maja Zumer Using a Semantic Analysis Tool to Generate Subject Access Points: A Study using Panofsky’s Theory and Two Research Samples S. 493-500

„… basis for subject analysis of all cultural objects, as suggested by the content standard Cataloging …” „… User-Supplied Data Improve Subject Access to Library Collections?” Library Resources & Technical Services …”

Dagobert Soergel Knowledge Organization for Learning S. 22-32

„… animal kingdom in the Britannica Elementary Encyclopedia does not reflect the standard taxonomic order …” „… . Technical Report IHMC Cmap Tools, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition. Retrieved January 30 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783956504396

Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi, Christine Godt, Peter Rott, Lesley Jane Smith - Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium - Liability in the Third Millennium

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Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi (ed.), Christine Godt (ed.), Peter Rott (ed.), Lesley Jane Smith (ed.)

Haftungsrecht im dritten Millennium - Liability in the Third Millennium

Series: Schriftenreihe des Zentrums für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen (ZERP)

Volume 52 2009

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Hans-W. Micklitz The Service Directive – Consumer contract law making via standardisation S. 483-508

„… consumer services 494 D. Comparative analysis of the technical standards on services 494 I. Scope …” „… the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on Information society services, issue …” „… organisation of a Technical Committee itself. C. Stocktaking – the existing and envisaged standards on …”

Zhu Yan The Legislative Background of Chinese Tort Law and Its Key Issues S. 111-128

„… belongs to the German legal family from the aspect of legal technical methods. And this is also a common …” „… research mainly focussed on the law of standard contract terms (Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen/AGB).1 …” „… social structure and characteristics are decisive for the civil legislation standard, legislation is a …”

Dieter Hart Organisationshaftung und Medikationssicherheit. Krankenhausorganisation als Gegenstand der Arzthaftung S. 345-362

„… der medizinischen Standards und Anpassungsnotwendigkeiten der rechtlichen Sorgfaltsmaßstäbe – aus …” „… Standards und Anpassungsnotwendigkeit der rechtlichen Sorgfaltsmaßstäbe aus zivilrechtlicher Sicht, ZaeFQ …” „… Gehilfen. Neben den Standards guter Behandlung, Aufklärung und Dokumentation gibt es auch solche für die …”

Giovanni Comandé Patients’ Medical Tourism and Electronic Health Records: Mobility between Sector Regulations and Systemic Interactions S. 331-344

„… liability 337 E. Paper medical records vs. Electronic medical records 340 F. Malpractice standards and …” „… the relevant regulated topics are certainly, but not exhaustively: medical malpractice standards, data …” „… or offer), triggers in a dramatic way the need, for example, to harmonise insurance standards, to …”

Aurelia Colombi Ciacchi Alte und neue Paradigmen in der Fahrlässigkeitshaftung S. 157-180

„… englische Fassung der Art. 4:101 und 4:102 spricht eigentlich von „Verhaltensstandard“ (standard of conduct …” „… Standard wurde zum ersten Mal in der englischen Literatur von Sir William Jones am Ende des 18 …” „… , 1766, 1806, 1880, 1962 Code civil. Der Standard des guten Familienvaters entspricht im Frankreich dem …”

Vernon Valentine Palmer Immaterial Damages, the Protection of Personality Interests and the Relevance of Contract Law S. 215-224

„… have an actual example of this high standard. A. Introduction I. Personality Interests and the Law of …” „… satisfied. He found this was too technical and merely elevated form over substance. The result is that the …”

Josef Falke Management von Risiken technischer Produkte im Rahmen der Neuen Konzeption zur technischen Harmonisierung und Normung. Alte Prinzipien, empirische Erfahrungen und neue Orientierungen S. 431-482

„… standards_policy/vademecum/index.htm> zugänglichen ausführlichen Erläuterung in European Commission, Vademecum on European …” „… zugänglich unter standards_policy/mandates/database/>. Management von …” „… European Standards Bodies for a guidance document in the field of safety of consumers and children – child …”

Mauro Bussani, Marta Infantino Fault, Causation and Damage in the Law of Negligence. A Comparative Appraisal S. 145-156

„… standard of conduct expected of the defendant, or the ascertainment of the causal link. Similarly, the …” „… that (surely) acknowledges numerous technical differences within the various national traditions8 …”

Gunther Teubner Kannibalisierung des Wissens: Schutz kultureller Diversität durch transnationales Recht? S. 553-576

„… Vorschläge, einen Schutz der TCE im Bereich der communal domain durch harmonized minimum standards and …” „… zuletzt CBD, Report of the Meeting of the Group of Technical Experts on an Internationally Recognized …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845213859

Fabiola Rodríguez Garzón - Diskriminierung durch IT in der Berufsorientierung?

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Fabiola Rodríguez Garzón

Diskriminierung durch IT in der Berufsorientierung?

Series: Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik

Volume 28 2024

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6 Operationalisierung und methodisches Vorgehen S. 197-242

„… zunächst keine Abweichung von einem solchen Standard– verursacht durch Preexisting Biases oder Technical …” „… Technical Biases beobachtbar zumachen (Abschnitt 6.1.2). Darauffolgend wird eine Metrik entwickelt, dieden …” „… und Gendered Technical Bias als Ursacheneines Verstoßes gegen das geschlechtsspezifische …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-30

„… Dis‐kriminierung aufgrund von Gendered Preexisting Biases in den Daten undGendered Technical Biases im Algorithmus …” „… Nut‐zer:innen anknüpfende Diskriminierung verursacht wird. Im Algorithmuswurden indes keine Gendered Technical …” „… undMessung von Gendered Preexisting Biases in den Daten sowie den Gende‐red Technical Biases im Algorithmus …”

7 Ergebnisse der Untersuchung einer Diskriminierung durch das ADM-System BERUFE Entdecker S. 243-342

„… des Gendered Technical Bias desAlgorithmus (vgl. Unterabschnitt 6.2.3). Abbildung 32 zeigt eine Skizze …” „… , ob ein Gendered Technical Bias vorliegt. In dem Abschnitt 7.4findet auf Basis der Ergebnisse und mit …” „… Tätigkeitsbeschreibungen wird aufdie Datenbank BERUFENET der BA und auf die International StandardClassification of …”

1 Einleitung S. 31-40

„… eineDiskriminierung dar. Das Verständnis von Fairness im jeweiligen Anwen‐dungskontext setzt einen Standard für die …” „… Ausprägung der Daten und dieGestaltung des Algorithmus. Eine Abweichung von diesem Standard durchsogenannte …” „… Preexisting Biases in den Daten oder Technical Biases in derEntscheidungslogik verursacht eine Diskriminierung …”

2 ADM-Systeme: Informationstechnische Grundlagen und Diskriminierung S. 41-80

„… Diskriminierung von einem kontextbezo‐genen und spezifizierten Standard abhängig gemacht. Eine Abweichungvon …” „… diesem Standard, etwa durch einen Bias in den Daten, im Algorithmusund/oder im Anwendungskontext der …” „… ADM-Systemen ist es daher zentral, obAbbildung 4:2.3 ADM-Systeme – Diskriminierung53ein Standard und welcher …”

5 Darstellung und Problematisierung des ADM-Systems BERUFE Entdecker S. 161-196

„… , dass PreexistingBiases in den Daten und Technical Biases im Algorithmus Diskriminierun‐gen verursachen …” „… eine Ab‐weichung vom Fairness-Standard durch ein Genderskript erzeugt wordensein und somit potenziell …” „… eine Diskriminierung der Nutzer:innen vorlie‐gen. Doch welcher Fairness-Standard gilt für BERUFE …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 345-376

„… De-Scription of Technical Objects, in: Bijker, WiebeE./Law, John, Hg., Shaping Technology/ Building Society, S …” „… Österreich (2017): Bericht des Rechnungshofes. Arbeitsmarktservice(AMS), Technical report, Reihe BUND 2017/60 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748920359

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