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Zoé Nautré - U.S. Idealism Meets Reality

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Zoé Nautré

U.S. Idealism Meets Reality

Series: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Volume 2010

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Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 41-43

„… ?terrorism?and?how?to?respond?to?this?phenomenon?remain?contested.Policy implementation and practical obstaclesCompeting …” „… ? involved?in?the?foreign?policy?process?(such?as?treasury?or?the?intelligence?services)?hints?at?the?complexity?and?the?practical?challenges?in?policy?implementation.?Incentives?and?structures?that?motivate?or?discourage?bureaucrats?and?their?activities?further?complicate?the?different?U.?S.?government?agencies’?agendas.Bureaucrats, incentives and …” „… ? implementation?of ?U.?S.?democracy?promotion?in?the?Middle?East,?namely,?the?Pentagon,?the?U.?S.?Department?of …”

Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 145-149

„… ? from?public?discourse?afterwards.Policy implementation and practical obstaclesFollowing?9/11 …” „… ? the?issue?of ?democracy?promotion?was?likely?to?face?several?obstacles.?The?practical?implementation …” „… ? terrorism?developed,?with? repercussions? for?policy? implementation.?Increasingly,?the?root?causes?of …”

Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 152-154

„… ?terrorism?in?Morocco?is?an?appropriate?working?assumption?is?unclear.?Given?the?evidence,?it?seems?that?democracy?promotion?would?only?ever?represent?one?part?of ?a?solution?to?tackle?the?root?causes?of ?terrorism.Policy implementation and practical …” „… slow?implementation?on?other?factors,?such?as?corruption?in?local?politics?or?indecisive?party?politics.?On?the?other?hand,?relying?on?one?single?person,?the?king?of ?Morocco?in?this?case,?for?stability?might?be?dangerous.?As?one?observer?noted:“Right now things …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 143-145

„… ? long-term?security?interests?translated?directly?into?practical?problems?in?the?implementation?stage.Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorismGiven?this?variety?of …” „… ? from?public?discourse?afterwards.Policy implementation and practical obstaclesFollowing?9/11 …” „… ? for?policy? implementation.?Increasingly,?the?root?causes?of ?terrorism?were?perceived?as?an?aspect?of …”

Bureaucrats, incentives and structures S. 43-45

„… services) hints at the complexity and the practical challenges in policy implementation. Incentives and …” „… counter-terrorism debates influences his way of policy implementation. This matters because governmental politics …” „… insensitive to the practical problems of implement their ideals.” Joel D. Aberbach and Robert D. Putnam and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… to fight the root causes of terrorism . . . . . . . . . . . . 144Policy implementation and practical …” „… implementation and practical obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Bureaucrats …” „… promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Policy implementation …”

Expectation of the role of outsiders S. 172-173

„… us?contested?development?theories,?practical?policy?implementation?was?guided?by?several?unresolved?questions:?Should?the?U.?S.?attempt?to?exert?pressure?so?that?the?Moroccan?regime?would?feel?more?inclined?to?allow?for?greater?political? liberalization??What?kind?of ?democracy?did? the?U.?S.?want? to …” „… ?U.?S.?policy?makers?working?on?Morocco?can?be?drawn.To?begin?with,?Morocco?is?in?comparison?to?its?neighbors?and?from?a?practical?perspective? an? easy? country? to? carry? out? democracy? promotion? programs.? Domestic …” „… ?familiarity?with?local?structures?and?finally?practical?issues,?such?as?the?ability?of ?the?U.?S.?embassy?in?Rabat?to?absorb?the?funding?available?for?democracy?promotion?measures?after …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 150-152

„… ?the?time?overrode?all?other?imperatives.?Added?to?this,?USAID?did?not?want?to?be?politicized.?The?practical?implementation?of ?democracy?promotion?was?further?complicated?by?the?range?of …” „… ?terrorism?in?Morocco?is?an?appropriate?working?assumption?is?unclear.?Given?the?evidence,?it?seems?that?democracy?promotion?would?only?ever?represent?one?part?of ?a?solution?to?tackle?the?root?causes?of ?terrorism.Policy implementation and practical …” „… ? made?policy?implementation?in?this?area?challenging.?Broadly?simplified,?some?at?the?State?Department?had?little?incentive?to?carry?out?policy?and?the?Pentagon?was?concerned?with?the?impact?of ?policy?on?wider?strategic?operational?goals,?which?for?most?of …”

Obstacles to poicy implementation S. 185-188

„… ?U.?S.?policies?were?often?unrealistic.?Other?government?agencies?simply?did?not?adhere?to?the?new?rationale,?disregarding?practical?challenges?on?the?ground,?so?much?so?that?democracy?promotion?faced?significant?resistance?in?implementation.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 185 06.09.2010 15:37:41 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality186 …” „… s.?But?the?tools?applied?also?expressed?the?caution,?the?moral?and?practical?ambiguities?in?implementation,?as?well?as?the?remaining?conservatism?and?skepticism?regarding?the?real?benefit?for?the?U.?S.?of ?democratic?results?in?the?Middle?East.?The? instruments? applied? also?highlighted …” „… ?terror,?was?there?truly?a?rupture?with?prior?support?of ?authoritarian?states?in?the?Arab?world?Obstacles to policy implementationThe? initial …”

U. S. exceptionalism S. 23-34

„… ?practical?challenges?in?policy?implementation.?Furthermore,?analysis?will?endeavor?to?identify?open?questions?for?further?theoretical?work,?illustrative?of ? the?complexity?of ? the? issues?at?stake.?Overall,? the?study? identifies …” „… ?U.?S.?foreign?policy?implementation?and?its?repercussions?on?the?Arab?world.?As?a?result,?the?framework?is?practice-oriented?and?approachable?to?practitioners?and?academics?alike.Specifically,? the? goal? here? is? to? explain? how? post? 9/11? policies? were? conceptionalized?and? then …” „… .? foreign?policy?process?and?the?many?difficulties?faced?in?the?implementation?of ?policy.?This?is?a?different?approach?and?focus?from?other?major?studies?of …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 36-41

„… ?the?analytical?framework?will?deal?with?competing?imperatives?affecting?practical?policy?implementation.?At?the?same?time,?it?will?discuss?U.?S.?attitudes?towards?democracy?promotion?in?general,?a?concept,?which?is?embedded?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy?traditions?and?narratives.?The?most? important? issue?to?examine?here …” „… ?terrorism?and?how?to?respond?to?this?phenomenon?remain?contested.Policy implementation and practical obstaclesCompeting …” „… ?the?government?regarded?democracy?promotion?as?an?effective?means?by?which?to?‘drain?the?swamp’?in?regards?to?terrorist?activities?in?the?region.?U.?S.?policy?incentives?as?well?as?structural?challenges?to?policy?implementation?will?be?analyzed?in?the?next?section?with?these?factors? in?mind.?Outlining?the?different …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 173-181

„… us?contested?development?theories,?practical?policy?implementation?was?guided?by?several?unresolved?questions:?Should?the?U.?S.?attempt?to?exert?pressure?so?that?the?Moroccan?regime?would?feel?more?inclined?to?allow?for?greater?political? liberalization??What?kind?of ?democracy?did? the?U.?S.?want? to …” „… ?familiarity?with?local?structures?and?finally?practical?issues,?such?as?the?ability?of ?the?U.?S.?embassy?in?Rabat?to?absorb?the?funding?available?for?democracy?promotion?measures?after …” „… ?9/11.?From?the?beginning?of ?the?new?policy?implementation?phase,?in?2003 …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 45-47

„… ?understanding?between?individuals.?These?are?often?overlooked?factors?when?tracing?actual?policy?implementation.?U.?S.?government?officials,?especially?at?embassies,?constantly?shift?and?rotate?positions.?Career-wise?it?might?be?in?their?personal?interest?to?pour?considerable?energy?into?a?subject,?the?timing?of …” „… ?a?rotation?(with?regards?to?funding?cycles?and?their?ability?to?influence?how?funds?will?be?spent)?might?impact?policy?implementation,?as?will?the?extent?to?which?staff–both?within?agencies?but?also?between?agencies–get?along.Policy?coherence?also?depends?on?intra-agency?communication?and?hinges?on?the?level?of ? understanding? among? individuals …” „… ?the?above?are?structural?challenges?to?the?implementation …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 149-150

„… ?the?time?overrode?all?other?imperatives.?Added?to?this,?USAID?did?not?want?to?be?politicized.?The?practical?implementation?of ?democracy?promotion?was?further?complicated?by?the?range?of …” „… ? made?policy?implementation?in?this?area?challenging.?Broadly?simplified,?some?at?the?State?Department?had?little?incentive?to?carry?out?policy?and?the?Pentagon?was?concerned?with?the?impact?of ?policy?on?wider?strategic?operational?goals,?which?for?most?of …”

Lack of definition S. 47-49

„… ?democracy?in?the?Middle?East,?the?goal?here?is?to?afford?deeper?insight?into?the?assumptions,?mindset?and?frameworks?of ?U.?S.?policy?makers?and?democracy?promoters? involved? in? the?shaping?and? implementation?of …” „… ? funding? for?their? activities.?Their? expectations? and? the? actual? implementation?practices?might …” „… ?history,?economic?development,?culture,?regional?integration?and?so?on.?Democracy?promoters?however?work?on?certain?assumptions?that?shape?and?influence?their?policy?implementation.?The?goal? is?here?to?outline?the?most?important?debates? that?affect?U.?S.?democracy?promoters …”

Expectations of the role of outsiders S. 158-160

„… ?U.?S.?activities?because?it?is?practical.Overall,? U.?S.? activities? in? Morocco? need? to? be? seen? in? the? context? of ? competing …” „… ? to?positive?change.?This?section?has?explored?the?different?competing?interests?that?guided?and?limited?U.?S.?policy?implementation.?The?next?section?will?deal?with?development?theories?that?affect?U.?S.?policy?makers?in?their?daily?operational?goals?at?a?more?subconscious?level.Contested development theories: Middle EastExpectations of the role of …” „… ?procedure?affected?U.?S.?policy?makers?in?their?policy?implementation.In?line?with?this?rationale,?some?democracy?promoters?both?within?and?outside?of ?the?U.?S.?government?thought? ‘all?we?need?to?do?is?to?empower?people’?and?‘all? they?need?is …”

A fundamental change? S. 183-185

„… ?U.?S.?policies?were?often?unrealistic.?Other?government?agencies?simply?did?not?adhere?to?the?new?rationale,?disregarding?practical?challenges?on?the?ground,?so?much?so?that?democracy?promotion?faced?significant?resistance?in?implementation.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 185 06.09.2010 15:37:41 Uhr …” „… ?terror,?was?there?truly?a?rupture?with?prior?support?of ?authoritarian?states?in?the?Arab?world?Obstacles to policy implementationThe? initial …” „… ?U.?S.?policy?implementation.?This?three?part?analytical?framework?allowed?one?to?gain? insight …”

Conservatism and tolerance S. 127-128

„… ?of ?the?law?was?according?to?U.?S.?NGOs?active?in?Morocco?mainly?possible?because?the?king?insisted?on?it.?Further,?the?law?continues?to?face?many?challenges? in? implementation?as? local?courts?often? ignore?rights?of ?women?because …” „… discussed?in?the?next?chapter,?the?monarchy’s?monopoly?over?the?reform?discourse?also?limits?the?scope?of ?external?democracy?promoters’?efforts?in?very?practical?ways.Conservatism and …” „… .?The?implementation …”

When idealism and realism converge S. 34-36

„… ?the?analytical?framework?will?deal?with?competing?imperatives?affecting?practical?policy?implementation.?At?the?same?time,?it?will?discuss?U.?S.?attitudes?towards?democracy?promotion?in?general,?a?concept,?which?is?embedded?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy?traditions?and?narratives.?The?most? important? issue?to?examine?here …” „… ? in? the? decision? making? and? policy? implementation? process.? As? discussed …” „… ?the?government?regarded?democracy?promotion?as?an?effective?means?by?which?to?‘drain?the?swamp’?in?regards?to?terrorist?activities?in?the?region.?U.?S.?policy?incentives?as?well?as?structural?challenges?to?policy?implementation?will?be?analyzed?in?the?next?section?with?these?factors? in?mind.?Outlining?the?different …”

Monopoly over the reform discourse S. 125-127

„… ?of ?the?law?was?according?to?U.?S.?NGOs?active?in?Morocco?mainly?possible?because?the?king?insisted?on?it.?Further,?the?law?continues?to?face?many?challenges? in? implementation?as? local?courts?often? ignore?rights?of ?women?because …” „… discussed?in?the?next?chapter,?the?monarchy’s?monopoly?over?the?reform?discourse?also?limits?the?scope?of ?external?democracy?promoters’?efforts?in?very?practical?ways.Conservatism and …” „… .?The?implementation …”

When idealism and realism merge S. 137-141

„… ? interest,?also?caused?some?practical?problems.?Anecdotal?evidence?suggests? that? discussions? regarding? democracy? promotion? in? the? Middle? East …” „… ith?the?Iraq?war,?grew?increasingly?unpopular,?frustrating?policy?implementation?even?further.Unexpected?troubles?in?stabilizing?Iraq?reduced?the?leverage?for?U.?S.?pressure?on?other?fronts.?It?also?absorbed?an?unexpected?amount?of ?manpower?and?energy.?Further,?the?White? House? did? not? anticipate? the? possibility? that …” „… ?In?any?case,?associating?democracy?promotion?with?the?Iraq?war?made?policy?implementation …”

Diplomatic pressure S. 89-91

„… ? to?democracy?promotion?significantly?changed?U.?S.?policy?towards?the?Middle?East.?As?highlighted?in?the?conceptual?framework?(in?the?section?on?competing?interests?and?contested?development?theories),?practical? implementation?of ?the?new?post?9/11 …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 156-158

„… ?U.?S.?activities?because?it?is?practical.Overall,? U.?S.? activities? in? Morocco? need? to? be? seen? in? the? context? of ? competing …” „… ? to?positive?change.?This?section?has?explored?the?different?competing?interests?that?guided?and?limited?U.?S.?policy?implementation.?The?next?section?will?deal?with?development?theories?that?affect?U.?S.?policy?makers?in?their?daily?operational?goals?at?a?more?subconscious?level.Contested development theories: Middle EastExpectations of the role of …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 51-57

„… that affect the implementation of U. S. democracy promotion activities. These also include two other …” „… for different practical steps: some make the case for helping to build state capacity, others argue …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 160-172

„… ?their?policies.?U.?S.?policies?were?therefore?guided?by?several?assumptions?about?how?democratic?transition?should?take?place,?shaping?the?implementation?of ?their?policies.Pre-requisites for democracy?The?debate?about?the?incompatibility?of …” „… ? is?a?pre-requisite?to?development?rather?than?a?pre-requisite?necessary?for?democracy.?As?a?consequence,?one?would?expect?that?in?the?actual?implementation?of ?democracy?programs,?democratization?would?be?judged?to?be?of …” „… ?U.?S.?policy?makers?working?on?Morocco?can?be?drawn.To?begin?with,?Morocco?is?in?comparison?to?its?neighbors?and?from?a?practical?perspective? an? easy? country? to? carry? out? democracy? promotion? programs.? Domestic …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845227160

Julia Rückert - The European Water Framework Directive as a Driver for Good Water Governance in the Republic of Turkey

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Julia Rückert

The European Water Framework Directive as a Driver for Good Water Governance in the Republic of Turkey

Series: Weltwirtschaft und internationale Zusammenarbeit

Volume 16 2014

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Practical evidence of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive into Turkey’s water governance S. 227-240

„… 227 11 Practical evidence of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive into Turkey’s …” „… is able to benefit from the practical implementation of the WFD alignment process. 11.1 The alignment …” „… -11 Practical evidence of the WFD implementation into Turkey’s water governance 228 ing Chapter 27 on …”

The Water Framework Directive as a driver for good water governance in Turkey: conclusions, synthesis and discussion S. 241-252

„… timeframes. Until the still unknown date of Turkey’s EU accession, the practical implementation of the WFD …” „… , there is room for practical implementation. The same is effective for the attribute of being equitable …” „… public participation but, on the level of practical implementation and by applying a adaptive …”

Good water governance S. 117-136

„… water governance makes first steps in practical implementation. Subsequently, to understand the …” „… transferability for practical implementation. None of these holistic and sustainable paradigms »[…] have thus far …” „… objectives includes the practical implementation of IWRM in the 28 EU Member States. The assumption that the …”

Good governance: development, concepts and interpretations S. 34-60

„… (cf. Murphy 2002). Another unavoidable argument within the practical implementation of the good …” „… interpretation for practical implementation. Accordingly, many actors in the field of international relations …” „… implementation of institution building measures and public participation. Here, institutions are understood as …”

Water resources management: international discourse and major approaches S. 61-116

„… ‘Bonn Keys’ were crucial for the practical implementation of the IWRM concept as they recommended to …” „… the sense of the resource itself. In order to compare the theoretical to the practical implementation …” „… the gap between a theoretical or conceptual approach and the practical implementation. Closing this …”

Turkey’s water resources S. 173-190

„… or social costs of hydropower dam construction during the development and the implementation of the …” „… . 4650), if there is the need to obtain and administer their land and property for the implementation of …” „… between implemented policies and current state of implementation. Indicator 1, the quality of water …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-25

„… re-organization on the basis of good water governance 222 11 Practical evidence of the implementation of the Water …” „… implementation promotes Editor’s preface 8 the core elements of good water governance and the sustainable …” „… supports the implementation of good water governance in EU Candidate Countries. The study shows that even …”

Introduction S. 26-33

„… indispensable for the implementation of development cooperation projects, especially through the United Nations …” „… principles of good governance and of the resulting enabling conditions for their implementation. Good water …” „… implementation of IWRM within its Member States. Next to developing a coherent framework of water resources …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845257938

Joachim Heilmann, Bernd Oppermann - Reform der russischen Juristenausbildung

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Joachim Heilmann (ed.), Bernd Oppermann (ed.)

Reform der russischen Juristenausbildung

2007

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T. V. Krasnova Some Issues on the Improvement of Legal Studies Teaching Methods S. 208-210

„… defend their points of view. Implementation of practical methods of teaching into the learning process …” „… (norm), being comprehended. The implementation of this approach requires first of all a very serious …” „… about the effectiveness of practical methods in teaching legal subjects, it is worth paying special …”

Z. I. Voronina Improvement of Methodical Approaches to Conducting Academic Classes S. 202-208

„… . Implementation of practical methods of teaching into the learning process has a very positive influence on the …” „… to the need, that practical experience of knowledge application is more than our pure knowledge of …” „… predetermined by practical tasks, the lectures offer to students. But this should be an integral didactic …”

The Turku-Declaration S. 211-215

„… , mediatory, information and technological); forming practical skills complementary to academic ones …” „… implementation of the modular principle for educational process organization. 5. Practice-focused principle …” „… clinics”; c. involving judicial and other law enforcement organs into the lawyers practical training …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845204116

Verena Frick, Oliver W. Lembcke, Roland Lhotta - Politik und Recht

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Verena Frick (ed.), Oliver W. Lembcke (ed.), Roland Lhotta (ed.)

Politik und Recht

Series: Politik und Recht

Volume 2017

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Andreas Corcaci Conceptual considerations on compliance in the European Union S. 487-504

„… implementation, practical application, and enforcement. It was argued that only the first three phases equate to …” „… preferences. Such questions have been addressed in implementation and compliance research, which is in turn a …” „… domestic politics on the process of implementation«7. While a growing number of studies combine …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845280349

Ulrich Karpen - Gesetzgebungslehre - neu evaluiert - Legistics - freshly evaluated

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Ulrich Karpen

Gesetzgebungslehre - neu evaluiert - Legistics - freshly evaluated

Series: International Association of Legislation (IAL) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (DGG)

Volume 12 2008

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Law Drafting and Legislative Process – Outline of a Training Course for Law Drafters S. 124-132

„… implementation of the law more difficult;– sometimes absence of resources and technical manpower is the main …” „… implementation, poor 125quality creats problems of understanding, interpretation, and enforcement by executive …” „… straightforward – drafters can be taught drafting rules und conventions and can be given practical exercises to …”

Sachregister / Subject Index S. 237-255

„… Implementation of Legislative Evaluation 149Implementation problems 122Implementationsprobleme 27Impuls 39, 44 …” „… Human-Rights-Society 182Husarenritt 26I(IAL) 194Ich-AG 50, 55Imperative 137, 139 Implementation 24, 75, 87 …” „… , 75, 89Generell-abstrakt 13Implementation 75Kundmachung 87Normenflut 5, 30, 31, 35, 55, 85, 88, 92, 97 …”

On the State of Legislation Studies in Europe 12 Theses S. 104-123

„… the scope of the entitlement state. – Precise procedural rules are necessary for the implementation of …” „… is also practical social science. It criticizes, proposes and offers instructions for action. Some …” „… practical suggestions involve the development of the welfare state, the constitutional state, and …”

Institutional Framework for an efficient Regulatory Impact Assessment S. 141-148

„… RIA (ex-post-RIA) means to monitor the implementation of a law and to control the quality of its …” „… – and from outside – professors, experts with more practical skills, lawyers, judges (who know the …” „… problems of implementation of a law), representatives of organized interests and the public.2. The …”

Mannual For Law Drafting S. 197-218

„… impulse for drafting a law until the law’s implementation and evaluation of its quality, there are a lot …” „… be achieved and the easier is implementation of the law.Î Accountability. Everybody must be in a …” „… Constitutional Court,Î Implementation of international obligations,Î The mediaÎ And others.Before starting the …”

Implementation of Legislative Evaluation in Europe: Current Models and Trends S. 149-179

„… implementation.Because presidents didn’t have complete control over the agendas of executive agencies, since the 1970s …” „… 149Implementation of Legislative Evaluation in Europe: Current Models and …” „… changes in their design and implementation are occurring as they are made to serve new purposes and …”

Gesetzesfolgenabschätzung in der Europäischen Union S. 69-90

„… in jüngster Zeit konzentriert sich die Forschung auf die Implementation und Wirkung von Normen. Unter …” „… Vgl. § 96a GOBT, auch § 56 GOBT (Enquete-Kommissionen).40 Regner, The View of the Practical Swedish …” „… of Bills of Italy’s Parliamentary Experience. Implementation of Art. 11 ter of Law 468/1978 und …”

Legislation, Development and Democracy S. 180-196

„… legislation and governance is, finally, to enable the implementation of the law, to assist people in obeying …” „… based on and limited by legislation and successful implementation of laws.Before then proceeding to …” „… The law is a vital factor for implementation of governmental actions, acceptance and effectivity. It …”

Zum Stand der Gesetzgebungswissenschaft in Europa 12 Thesen S. 9-29

„… effectivness of the Act as 19soon as it is practical after the expiration of five years from its commencement …” „… European Association of Legislation (EAL) fördert zur Zeit ein Projekt, welches die Implementation von …” „… .– Legitimationsprobleme– Probleme externer Effekte– Internalisierungsprobleme– Implementationsprobleme …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845212074

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