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Hendrik Müller-Lankow

Market-Making

Series: Studien zum Handels-, Arbeits- und Wirtschaftsrecht

Volume 177 2018

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6. Kapitel: Market-Maker als Objekte des Aufsichtsrechts S. 185-242

7. Kapitel: Einige spezifische aufsichtsrechtliche Vorgaben für Market-Maker S. 243-276

doi.org/10.5771/9783845296135

Erik R. Fasten - Financial Markets and Public Finance

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Erik R. Fasten

Financial Markets and Public Finance

Series: Neue Studien zur Politischen Ökonomie

Volume 10 2012

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Application to the Rating Market S. 95-100

„… turmoil of financial markets.Several arguments for the high concentration24 and the high profit margins in …” „… 4.5 Application to the Rating MarketThis section links the theoretical results with empirical …” „… observations in the rating industry and discusses the findings. The increasing complexity of financial markets …”

The market without the certifier S. 81-83

„… exuberant in the setup as marketsmay collapse.81Market solution (possible)Market collapses as high-quality …” „… markets.Proposition 4 (a) In the Lemon Market (? > 12 ) no trades occur without certification.(b) In the Honey Market …” „… or sales on stock markets feature a similar structure. We assume that in thefirst-price auction …”

Computation of market-implied default probabilities S. 127-134

„… contributes to the sound functioning of financial markets,even though they have been heavily criticised during …” „… markets, in particular, thebusiness model of rating agencies (Chapter 4), and• the transmission channel of …” „… triggered market revaluations and increased risk premiafor most countries.Second, we compute the …”

Market-based implicit default probabilities S. 28-33

„… plans for European banks.2.4.2 Market-based implicit default probabilitiesFor the analysis in the …” „… borrow on international or domestic credit markets in the future and therewith potentially reducing …” „… fiscal space,2. market sanctions that do not only limit the government, but also the domesticeconomy, e.g …”

Financial market rescue measures: Direct impact S. 136-137

„… A.4 Financial market rescue measures: Direct impact on governmentdebt 2008-2009Capital injections …” „… methodology refer to van Riet (2010). The cut-off date is18 January 2010.136A.5 Financial market rescue …”

Financial market rescue measures: Contingent liability S. 137-138

One-sided certification S. 83-88

„… . This result holds in both markets.For the remaining information structures, results differ between …” „… Honey Market,since the information asymmetries are overcome by the market itself even without …” „… asthe seller’s profit from certification is increasing in quality in both markets, the Lemonand the …”

Two-sided certification S. 90-95

„… variations hold in both markets.The rating probability of the buyers decreases with two-sided certification …” „… markets.Several arguments for the high concentration24 and the high profit margins in the ratingindustry were …” „… sellers in the market and induces buyer-sided competitionin prices, or remains unrated. Buyers seek to be …”

Comparison of one-sided certification S. 88-90

„… shares are smaller in the Honey Market,since the information asymmetries are overcome by the market …” „… profit of the certifier do not depend on the market structure in the Honey Market.The certifier cannot …” „… exploit the additional gains from trade in a market with a low market parameter ? . The bidding behaviour …”

Introduction S. 77-78

„… . Therewith, they reduce information asymmetries and increase efficiency in capital markets.Their main …” „… Chapter 4: Two-sided Certification:The market for Rating Agencies4.1 IntroductionThis chapter …” „… analyses the impact of third party certification on markets with asymmetrically distributed information. We …”

The Setup S. 79-81

„… appropriate technologies to assess the quality of the goods in the market andtherewith offer their expertise …” „… in the market to reduce information asymmetries. Biglaiser (1993) shows that such a third party, a …” „… “middleman”, improves welfare generation.5 While Biglaiser’s middlemen trade physically in the market …”

Introduction S. 17-18

„… Chapter 1: IntroductionThe interaction between public finances and financial markets has recently …” „… , governments are creditconstraint by financial markets if investors fear a high probability of …” „… . Institutions that evolved in both, financial markets and governance structures,are examined and their …”

Theoretical Motivation S. 22-25

„… and an increase of the comovement of asset markets in different countries (Allen andGale, 2000 …” „… market volatility, which they refer to as interdependence.6For a review of the methodologies determining …” „… contagion within credit markets referto Rigobon (2001). Rose and Spiegel (2009) examine the 2007-08 …”

Related Literature S. 20-22

„… . Financial market participants might alter their expectations on risks and theattached prices of …” „… overview of recent developmentsin government finances and describes the computation of market …” „… financial market spillovers and assess the probability of default of sovereign entities. The literatureon …”

Conclusion S. 100-102

„… Market. Appendix C.1 gives a summary report on the equilibrium valuesof the main variables in the model …” „… associated market outcomes. In an asymmetric information framework three options areconsidered: offering …” „… certification services merely to buyers or to sellers and the saleon both sides of the market. Buyers and …”

Related literature S. 78-79

„… We differentiate a lemon market as introduced by Akerlof (1970) and a honey marketwhere trades …” „… breakdown of markets due to information asymmetries.In general, the credible assessment of products …” „… quality related pricing.Hence, issuers in the lemon market gain from the introduction of rating agencies …”

Bibliography S. 159-169

„… of debt. Journalof Monetary Economics, 42(3):447 – 469.Akerlof, G. (1970). The market for “lemons …” „… ”: quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. The quarterly journal of economics, pages 488–500.Albano, G …” „… Universitätsverlag.Bayoumi, T., Goldstein, M., and Woglom, G. (1995). Do Credit Markets DisciplineSovereign Borrowers …”

Introduction S. 19-20

„… consequence of the financial crisis, the market reassessed creditrisks for sovereign entities and required …” „… interventions increased sovereign default risks in some advanced countries.2 This triggered market revaluations …” „… and increased risk premia formost countries.Second, we compute the market-implied risk-neutral default …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-16

„… . Fasten2.AuflageSovereign Risks, Credit Markets and Fiscal FederalismFinancial Markets and Public …” „… Wort for the production of the book.5AbstractThe interaction between financial markets and public …” „… economic instability. This thesis examines institutionsthat evolved in both, financial markets and …”

Price-Earnings Ratios in Selected Countries S. 157-158

„… D.5 Price-Earnings Ratios in Selected CountriesUK-DS Market - PER051015202530351973 1983 1993 2003 …” „… US-DS Market - PER051015202530351973 1983 1993 2003GERMANY-DS Market - PER05101520251973 1983 1993 2003 …” „… EU-DS Market - PER0510152025301973 1983 1993 2003FRANCE-DS Market - PER0510152025301973 1983 1993 2003 …”

Institutions to contain indebtedness S. 58-62

„… are neither clear to the political actors nor to the financial market.In turn, the evaluation of local …” „… pure forms of eitherautonomy or vertical integration. The financial market will not limit the …” „… financing for the respective entities, and ultimately the financial market mechanism17 are often quoted as …”

Sources of variables S. 156-157

„… .156D.5 Price-Earnings Ratios in Selected CountriesUK-DS Market - PER051015202530351973 1983 1993 2003 …” „… US-DS Market - PER051015202530351973 1983 1993 2003GERMANY-DS Market - PER05101520251973 1983 1993 2003 …” „… EU-DS Market - PER0510152025301973 1983 1993 2003FRANCE-DS Market - PER0510152025301973 1983 1993 2003 …”

Primary data set S. 33-36

„… different measures directedat the sound functioning of financial markets.29 In the last decades the …” „… financial sectorhas been characterized by a significant transformation process. Market integration increased …” „… the market-implied default probability.2.5.1 Primary data setWe examine a primary data set which …”

Appendix Proofs S. 146-153

„… Lemon Market overall realised welfare adds uptoW 38 1?? and a rent ofWmax?W1??8 is lost due to …” „… corresponding profit?C 18 . The remainder of the market (quality interval 0, q¯ ) is traded without a ratingat a …” „… price of q¯214 . As all products are traded in this market the seller’s profit is:?S Wmax??C1??2?18 (C.6 …”

Devolution tendencies S. 54-58

„… by market participants. If this isnot the case and all information is entirely available, the problem …” „… markets.55Each citizen chooses to live in a jurisdiction, which offers a bundle of taxes and localpublic …” „… the market. Citizens are able to evaluate the financialposition of the sub-national jurisdictions …”

Cost of public debt in the euro area S. 25-28

„… in the last decades. The emerging market debt crisis in the 1980s resulted in various defaults …” „… financial and economic crisis. Government interventions have revived markets, but at substantial costs …” „… centuriesand link the distress in financial markets to sovereign distress. They compile a data set on …”

Macroeconomic Environment S. 116-118

„… taxation system but also refer to the reaction of the market participantsto variations of the tax system …” „… is essential in our analysis, asit anchors the asset prices to the actual earnings in the market and …” „… empirically the effects of industrialproduction, long-term interest rates and inflation on stock markets and …”

Summary results S. 145-146

„… Appendix C: Two-sided Certification: The market for RatingAgenciesC.1 Summary resultsOnly sellers …” „… Only buyers Both sides? > 12 (lemon market)price for seller rating 1??2 -1627 1??price for buyer rating …” „… ??profit seller 1??81??817162 1??welfare 38 1??38 1??65162 1??? < 12 (Honey Market)price for seller rating …”

Conclusion S. 44-46

„… showsthat the framework is credible, since the market reacts to news related to one MemberState by …” „… aswell as recovery rates and risk spillovers from foreign asset markets. We also model theinteraction …” „… from government bond yield spreads. The sharp increase in the market-perceived sovereigndefault …”

Cross-country spillovers S. 37-41

„… additional means on thecredit market to rescue its own banks, incentives for foreign governments might …” „… between asset markets is controversial. On the one hand, common movements of equity markets might be …” „… caused by common shocks that hit all markets or a shock from one ormore countries might spill over to …”

Role of Public Debt S. 47-54

„… , 1989). The model impliesstrong assumptions that are often challenged: perfect capital markets, lump-sum …” „… markets are also often quoted to challenge the Ricardo-Barro equivalence proposition. In a perfect capital …” „… market, only one discount rate exists. Default or liquidity risks and transaction costs, however, lead to …”

Related Literature S. 104-107

„… . Several factorssuggest that asset markets currently have a higher impact on the economy than they didtwo …” „… account (Eysterand Rabin, 2005). Figure 5.2 illustrates the interrelations of market environment …” „… , expectations of market participants and the economicenvironment. However, determinants and fundamentals of …”

Conclusion S. 75-76

„… , the market discipline hypothesis statesthat financial markets ultimately sanction governments if the …” „… hand, seek to signal sustainable publicfinance policies to the credit market and, on the other hand …”

Application to the German Tax System S. 110-115

„… cross-share holdings, whichwere observable in the German market, prevented high capital gains tax revenues …” „… position of an investor, influences the investment decision and, in turn, the market price. Tax allowances …” „… variations are illustrated in Figure 5.6. Besides the increase of the market capitalisation, the …”

Risk transfer from the private to the public sector S. 36-37

„… risk transfers by market participants.36We estimate panel models to assess the public vulnerability …” „… factors: the market value of assets, the attached volatility and the current capital structure offinancial …” „… suggests that the market anticipated the commitment of governments to bail out financial sector …”

Implications of the results S. 41-44

„… Financial Stability Board, increase transparency in financial markets and allowmarket participants to better …” „… market reacts to news related to one MemberState by increasing the required risk premium and the …” „… foreign asset markets. We also model theinteraction between different sovereign bonds. In addition, we …”

Data Description S. 62-66

„… the credit market to follow prudent fiscal policies. In turn, thecredit rating of the jurisdiction is …” „… et al. (2002), and for a discussion aboutthe rating market, refer to Chapter 4.62own political power …” „… stance in the country and reflect the financial market positions inthe respective year. Increasing values …”

Estimations and results S. 118-123

„… rates and inflation on stock markets and show a strongimpact of the respective variables on asset prices …” „… market, which share an upward trend in the observation period.5.4.2 Estimations and resultsIn this …” „… into prices. Changes might be already anticipated by market participantsand might be incorporated right …”

Effective Marginal Tax rate in Germany S. 115-116

„… interpolation is applied.23 The weights for the German market were computed using data obtained from Thomson …” „… taxation system but also refer to the reaction of the market participantsto variations of the tax system …”

Application to Germany S. 70-75

„… , institutions to contain excessiveindebtedness are described. On the one hand, the market discipline hypothesis …” „… statesthat financial markets ultimately sanction governments if the probability of default ishigher than the …” „… publicfinance policies to the credit market and, on the other hand, are tied to decisions madeby the central …”

Static Analysis S. 66-69

„… significantly influenced by the overall government debt. However, the actualrisk premia required by the market …” „… financial market participants and therefore seek to establish self-imposed rules. Credibleself-imposed rules …”

Standard deviation of default probabilities of selected Euro area countries S. 139

„… variables applied in the panel estimationsVariable Description Sourceprob market-based implicit default …”

Stylised sovereign balance sheet S. 134-135

„… credit markets- outstanding loansnet fiscal assets- present value of taxes, revenues andfees minus …”

Key variables applied in the panel estimations S. 139-140

„… variables applied in the panel estimationsVariable Description Sourceprob market-based implicit default …”

Sources of risk for the public balance sheet S. 135-136

„… finances. All sections aretherefore not complete135A.4 Financial market rescue measures: Direct impact on …”

Conclusion S. 124-126

„… literature yet. Due to the increasing importanceof asset markets for the economy, the fiscal transmission …”

Introduction S. 103-104

„… Scholes (1982)and Black and Scholes (1974) underline that in perfect capital markets, the marginalinvestor …”

Results and Transmission channel S. 123-124

„… fiscalpolicy was not considered in the fiscal literature yet. Due to the increasing importanceof asset markets …”

Empirical results S. 144-145

„… ??profitseller1??81??8171621??welfare381??381??651621???<12 (HoneyMarket)priceforsellerrating14-33? ?522?5 …”

Dynamic Analysis S. 69-70

„… have to signal sustainable public finances to financial market participants and therefore seek to …”

Construction of the Effective Marginal Tax Rate S. 107-110

„… rate of the marginal investor that is willing to buy an asseton the market and in turn determines the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845239859

Christa Larsen, Jenny Kipper, Daniel Porep, Anja Walter, Carsten Kampe, Markus Höhne, Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp - Pathways of Greening Labour Markets

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Christa Larsen (ed.), Jenny Kipper (ed.), Daniel Porep (ed.), Anja Walter (ed.), Carsten Kampe (ed.), Markus Höhne (ed.), Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp (ed.)

Pathways of Greening Labour Markets

Series: Forschung und deren Anwendung im Bereich des regionalen und lokalen Arbeitsmarktmonitorings im transnationalen Vergleich (Veröffentlichungen des IWAK)

Volume 14 2023

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FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS OF GREENING LABOUR MARKETS S. 19

„… 19 1. FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS OF GREENING LABOUR MAR-KETS 1.1 Regulation and Operationalisation The …” „… European Green Deal and its Impact on Labour Markets. The Rules on the Taxonomies of Sustainable Activities …”

Christa Larsen, Jenny Kipper Pathways of Greening Labour Markets. Opportunities and Challenges for Regional and Local Labour Market Observation in Europe and Beyond S. 11-18

„… 11 Pathways of Greening Labour Markets. Opportunities and Challenges for Regional and Local Labour …” „… Market Observation in Europe and Beyond Introduction Sustainability is a topic that has occupied the …” „… European Network on Regional La-bour Market Monitoring (EN RLMM) for ten years. Already in 2014, a network …”

Marta Marzena Sosnowska, Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska Managerial Skills Demanded in Sustainability Transitions – Projection from the American Labour Market S. 365-384

„… Labour Market Marta Marzena Sosnowska and Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska Introduction Sustainability transitions …” „… American labour market? (2) What are the sectors which demand skills of sustainability transitions in the …” „… novel skills in the labour market and it profiles the education of workers. Rosenberg, Lotz-Sisitka, and …”

Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp The Green Transition in Local Labour Markets: new Subnational Evidence for 30 OECD Countries S. 99-108

„… 99 The Green Transition in Local Labour Markets: new Subna-tional Evidence for 30 OECD Countries …” „… ), analysing how much and why regional labour markets have greener or less green labour mar-kets. The analysis …” „… shows that the green transition could exacerbate existing or create new divides in the labour market …”

Elena Magrini, Julia Nania, Mauro Pelucchi, Rudra Sett, Will Hanvey, Layla O’Kane, Duncan Brown, Bledi Taska The Green Transition in Labour Markets Across Europe: an Analysis of Job Postings Data S. 321-346

„… 321 The Green Transition in Labour Markets Across Europe: an Analysis of Job Postings Data Elena …” „… industries, and creating disruptions in the labour mar-ket (Bowen, Kuralbayeva, and Tipoe 2018). As …” „… workers will be equipped with the right skills to succeed in a green labour market (Napierala and Kvetan …”

María Leonor Jalón del Río, Estibaliz Olivares Echevarria The Impact of the Climate Challenge on the Basque Country‘s Labour Market and the Results of an Administrative Data Analysis to Detect Trends in the Basque Country‘s Labour Market S. 73-98

„… 73 The Impact of the Climate Challenge on the Basque Country’s Labour Market and the Results of an …” „… Administrative Data Analysis to Detect Trends in the Basque Country’s Labour Market María Leonor Jalón del Río …” „… 1: The impact of the climate challenge on the Basque Country’s labour market. The aim of this part …”

Alessandra Motz, Moreno Baruffini, Dorit Griga The Swiss Labour Market and the Green Transition: Expected Impacts, Monitoring Challenges, and Policy Needs S. 141-156

„… 141 The Swiss Labour Market and the Green Transition: Expected Impacts, Monitoring Challenges, and …” „… to monitor the labour market outcomes of this trend. There are, indeed, some attempts to identify …” „… consistently linked to labour market data. Even where some information on the labour market outcomes of the …”

Ludger Weller, Simon Schmid Navigating the Transition to a Green Economy: The Crucial Role of Skills for Regional and Local Labour Markets S. 309-320

„… Local Labour Markets Ludger Weller and Simon Schmid Introduction In order to avert the worst impacts of …” „… analyses and empirical estimates of the impacts of a green transition on labour markets remain at the level …” „… importance of the labour market and geographical granularity. We will detail the approaches that enable more …”

Marco Ricceri The European Green Deal and its Impact on Labour Markets. The Rules on the Taxonomies of Sustainable Activities S. 19-46

„… 19 1. FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS OF GREENING LABOUR MAR-KETS 1.1 Regulation and Operationalisation The …” „… European Green Deal and its Impact on Labour Markets. The Rules on the Taxonomies of Sustainable Activities …” „… entire production chain of the goods placed on the market, from upstream sup-pliers to downstream …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… [Eds.]Pathways of Greening Labour MarketsOpportunities and Challenges for Regional and Local Labour Market …” „… EditionRainerHamppPathways of Greening Labour MarketsOpportunities and Challenges for Regional and Local Labour Market …” „… | Kleine-Rueschkamp, Lukas Pathways of Greening Labour MarketsOpportunities and Challenges for Regional and Local …”

Markus Höhne, Carsten Kampe, Daniel Porep, Anja Walter Economic Significance and Personnel Policy Challenges of the Energy Transition in Brandenburg – Findings from a Company Survey S. 261-286

„… skilled workers in the relevant key labour markets is widely discussed (Märkische Allgemeine 2023 …” „… assess the skilled labour situation in key labour markets for climate protection (Friedrich Ebert …” „… Stiftung 2019). The study “Jobwende” distinguishes three essential labour market seg-ments for climate …”

INFORMATION ON THE AUTHORS S. 385-404

„… Faculty of Economics (Università Della Svizzera Italiana, USI), he analysed labour market flexibility …” „… markets and border-regional economics, explicitly focusing on trans-border mobility and the “quality” of …” „… development of data analytics for customers outside of the Americas. His background is in labour market …”

Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp How Can We Measure Green Jobs? S. 109-120

„… Green Transition on Re-gional Labour Markets? In addressing climate change and environmental degradation …” „… contribute to a greening of the labour mar-ket, which has major labour market implications. First, new types …” „… markets, “there is a lack of systematic evidence on the green transition’s impact on local labour markets …”

Gabrielle Climie Reduce, Reuse, Rebuild? The Challenge of STEM Skills in Retrofitting the South West of England for a Greener Future S. 227-240

„… projects. Retrofit and RheEnergise In the context of greening labour markets, retrofit refers to …” „… need for labour market analysis to inform stakeholders is pressing when responding to global climate …” „… (Robiglio 2015: 9) such as those needed for the green agenda to regional labour markets. RheEnergise, as an …”

Romain Boitard, Francesca Rosso Accelerating the Shift to a Green Economy in the EU Neighbourhood. Opportunities and Challenges for Integrating Sustainability and Green Skills in Education, Training, and Employment Policies S. 47-72

„… 47 1.2 Complexity of Implementation and Methodological Challenges for Labour Market Observation …” „… compounded by the global and regional labour market structural adjustments resulting from international …” „… accelerated the energy transition to renewable sources and opened new mar-kets, as well as the gradual phasing …”

Tijs Creijghton Resilience or Ressentiment: Keeping the Climate Transition Just S. 157-176

„… 2022a; OECD 2020b; OECD 2019b])”38 (ibid.). The pace with which labour market devel-opment and …” „… readjustment process in the labour market, with the reallocation of employment across sectors and industries …” „… likely to increase labour market inequal-ity, just as digitalisation or globalisation has.” (ibid.) 160 …”

Renato Fontana, Ernesto Dario Coal was our Life. The Green Transition and New Production Patterns S. 177-210

„… areas of the labour market, and re-quires profound transformations in the habits of companies, as well …” „… global perspectives. Entering the pathways of greening labour markets means getting ready to think of a …” „… research organisations on the diffusion of pathways for a greener labour market, from both a European and a …”

Understanding Behaviour of Companies and Demand for Support S. 261

„… skilled workers in the relevant key labour markets is widely discussed (Märkische Allgemeine 2023 …” „… assess the skilled labour situation in key labour markets for climate protection (Friedrich Ebert …” „… Stiftung 2019). The study “Jobwende” distinguishes three essential labour market seg-ments for climate …”

STRATEGIC APPROACHES FOR OBSERVING THE GREENING OF SECTORS, OCCUPATIONS, AND SKILLS S. 261

„… skilled workers in the relevant key labour markets is widely discussed (Märkische Allgemeine 2023 …” „… assess the skilled labour situation in key labour markets for climate protection (Friedrich Ebert …” „… Stiftung 2019). The study “Jobwende” distinguishes three essential labour market seg-ments for climate …”

Taymour Elmasry Towards a Transregional Governance of Skilled Migration S. 241-260

„… workers and future migrants are kept low. While some of the trained workers join the local labour market …” „… , the EC adopted the strategy of leading by example, drawing on what Chad Damro (2015) called “Market …” „… trade ties and the weight of the Eu-ropean single market. In doing so, acting as a proper ‘global …”

Ralitsa Savova Climate Changes as Dystopia. Ways to turn Environmental Challenges into Opportunities and to Think Green S. 211-226

„… and creating a green labour mar-ket. Creating Buffers The measures that the EU is taking to reduce …” „… European market for trading in emissions permits;  stimulating the development of forests and other green …” „… declines in mature markets continuing to be offset by con-tinued strong demand in emerging Asian economies …”

Roschan Pourkhataei Monsef, Finn Arnd Linking Taxonomy-Eligibility and Employment Survey Data: Job Profiles in the Renewable Energy Sector in Germany S. 287-308

„… the pressure on an already tight labour market. Irrespective of the climate agenda, companies in …” „… the limited supply on the la-bour market are exacerbated by an overall ageing of the German population …” „… developments in the labour market, with employment outcomes de-rived from sectoral changes in value-added and …”

Claudia Plaimauer, Stefan Humpl Mastering the Twin Transition: Skills Demand in Technical Facility Management S. 347-364

„… characterising current occupa-tional practice was created, to serve as conceptual basis for a labour market …” „… and Filtering Strategy OJAs were used as main source for characterising detailed labour market de-mand …” „… data platform for comprehensively capturing national OJA markets. All OJAs published between 1 January …”

Regulation and Operationalisation S. 19

„… 19 1. FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS OF GREENING LABOUR MAR-KETS 1.1 Regulation and Operationalisation The …” „… European Green Deal and its Impact on Labour Markets. The Rules on the Taxonomies of Sustainable Activities …”

Aleksandra Webb, Ronald McQuaid Green Ambitions and Industrial Change: how past Lessons and Current Opportunities can help with the Green Transition. The Case of the Scotland S. 121-140

„… access to the labour market, high quality work, including good working conditions, inclusive training …” „… greener and fairer models 132 of production, which could stimulate labour market and benefit regional …” „… Beatty, Christina/Fothergill, Steve (1996): Labour market adjustment in areas of chronic industrial …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783957104236

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Rudolf Moegele, Friedrich Erlbacher

Single Common Market Organisation

2011

Results in this title

Disturbances as regards internal market prices S. 830

„… internal market prices The Commission may take the necessary measures in the case of the following …” „… markets: (a) with regard to the products of the sugar, hops, beef and veal, milk and milk products …” „… , sheepmeat and goatmeat sectors, where the prices on the EU market for any of those products rise or fall …”

Price reporting in the sugar market S. 74-76

„… introduced by Regulation 361/2008 in Art. 8(1)(e)(ii) sCMO48. Article 9 Price reporting in the sugar market …” „… The Commission shall set up an information system on prices in the sugar market, including a system …” „… for the publication of price levels for the sugar market. The system shall be based on information …”

p Promotion on third-country markets S. 387-389

„… mentioned provision. Article 103p Promotion on third-country markets 1. Support under this Article shall …” „… new markets, necessary for the expansion of market outlets; (e) studies to evaluate the results of the …” „… point of proposing that support programmes should contain measures of promotion on third-country markets …”

Special market measures in the cereals sector S. 167-171

„… be necessary in order to react efficiently and effectively against threats of market disturbances in …” „… co-financing, unless expressly empowered to do so by the Council1. Article 47 Special market measures in the …” „… cereals sector 1. Where the market situation so dictates, the Commission may take special intervention …”

Special market measures in the rice sector S. 171-173

„… on the internal market and on external measures. From the fact that the exceptional measure was dealt …” „… with under the Title concerning the internal market whereas the regular export refund was covered by …” „… 48 Special market measures in the rice sector 1. The Commission may take special measures to: (a …”

Disturbances caused by quotations or prices on the world market S. 830-831

„… internal market prices The Commission may take the necessary measures in the case of the following …” „… markets: (a) with regard to the products of the sugar, hops, beef and veal, milk and milk products …” „… , sheepmeat and goatmeat sectors, where the prices on the EU market for any of those products rise or fall …”

Measures to facilitate the adjustment of supply to market requirements S. 204

„… facilitate the adjustment of supply to market requirements In order to encourage action by trade …” „… organisations and joint trade organisations to facilitate the adjustment of supply to market requirements, with …” „… the exception of action relating to withdrawal from the market, the Commission may take the following …”

c Marketing rules to improve and stabilise the operation of the common market in wines S. 437-438

„… stabilise the operation of the common market in wines 1. In order to improve and stabilise the operation of …” „… the common market in wines, including the grapes, musts and wines from which they derive, producer …” „… (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1047/2009 of 19 October 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets as regards the marketing standards for poultrymeat S. 1035-1036

„… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)91 …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 247/2008 of 17 March 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) S. 1015-1016

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)1 THE …” „… . Nevertheless, in view of the favourable trends on the market for this kind of fibre under the current aid …” „… scheme and in order to contribute to consolidating innovative products and their market outlets …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1140/2009 of 20 November 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) S. 1036-1037

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)93 THE …” „… Commission can take measures in cases of disturbances of the market of certain agricultural products where …” „… internal market prices significantly rise or fall. Milk and milk products are, however, not covered by that …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 361/2008 of 14 April 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) S. 1017-1021

„… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… CAP in the framework of the establishment of common organisations of the markets for the agricultural …” „… common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector7 was amended mainly with a view to achieving a …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 491/2009 of 25 May 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) S. 1033-1035

„… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… management committee for the common organisation of agricultural markets,… 10. COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)82 THE …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 13/2009 of 18 December 2008 amending Regulations (EC) No 1290/2005 on the financing of the common agricultural policy and (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) in order to set up a School Fruit Scheme S. 1023-1026

„… Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets, … 6. COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No …” „… agricultural policy and (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… wide-ranging reform of that sector to promote its competitiveness and market orientation and to bring it more …”

Exceptions S. 783-791

„… on Milk of 15 June 2010 (http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ markets/milk/hlg/report_ 150610_en.pdf …” „… agreements which affect or are likely to affect an agricultural market, regulated by a CMO, at Union level …” „… the market in question and from taking decisions which conflict with competition decisions of the …”

Traditional supply need for refining S. 695-700

„… , http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ markets/sugar/reports/descri_en.pdf. 13 Art. 10(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 828/2009. 1 …” „… ) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions …” „… and in world sugar market, Agricultural Policies in OECD Countries: Monitoring and Evaluation, 2007 …”

Sugar Protocol commitments S. 700-703

„… market – Description, http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ markets/sugar/reports/descri_en.pdf. 13 Art. 10(2 …” „… market for sugar under the Everything But Arms (EBA) initiative as from the 1st of July 2009. 4As Art …”

Guaranteed price S. 700

„… market – Description, http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ markets/sugar/reports/descri_en.pdf. 13 Art. 10(2 …”

Commentary on Arts 186–188 S. 831-839

„… disrupt the availability of supply on the EU market and where that situation is likely to continue or to …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… laying down a specific market support measure in the dairy sector, OJ 2009 L 330 p. 70. 3 Regulation (EC …”

Introduction to Section III S. 173-180

„… the world market. This situation is opposed to that covered by lit. a of Art. 48(1) which is meant to …” „… fall of the world market price for rice. Further, while the situation covered by Art. 187 would …” „… normally trigger external market measures Art. 48 refers only to internal market measures. Insofar an …”

a Withdrawal of sugar in the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 marketing years S. 198-203

„… market before the end of the period of withdrawal according to paragraph 4, the minimum price of the …” „… reform of the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, and amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… market. This is a fundamental tool for management of the quota system, allowing the Commission to …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1234/2007: Recitals, list of amendments S. 2-24

„… 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… market for agricultural products should be accompanied by the establishment of a common agricultural …” „… policy (hereinafter CAP) to include, in particular, a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 122-125

„… intervention measures in various product sectors. Whilst the other chapters of Title I “Market intervention …” „… ” cover specific market intervention measures – public intervention and private storage (Ch. I), systems …” „… market intervention measure but constitutes a kind of catchall chapter within the scope of Title I.1 …”

Introduction to Section I S. 125-128

„… four different measures to adjust the supply to market requirements if initiated by trade organisations …” „… or joint trade organisations. Section I Exceptional market support measures Introduction to Section I …” „… 1 Diseases of farm animals for food production may considerably disturb the market for the affected …”

Animal diseases S. 128-155

„… exceptional support measures for the affected market in order to take account of restrictions on …” „… only to the extent and for the duration strictly necessary to support the market concerned. Recitals …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Sect. I Exceptional market support measures Art. 44 Busse 127 Reemers Publishing Services GmbH …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 72/2009 of 19 January 2009 on modifications to the Common Agricultural Policy by amending Regulations (EC) No 247/2006, (EC) No 320/2006, (EC) No 1405/2006, (EC) No 1234/2007, (EC) No 3/2008 and (EC) No 479/2008 and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 1883/78, (EEC) No 1254/89, (EEC) No 2247/89, (EEC) No 2055/93, (EC) No 1868/94, (EC) No 2596/97, (EC) No 1182/2005 and (EC) No 315/2007 S. 1026-1032

„… to their objectives and to analyse their effects on the relevant markets. In this context, the …” „… to ensure competitiveness and market orientation for the sector, while keeping the role of …” „… intervention as a safety net in the event of market disruptions and facilitating farmers’ response to market …”

Distribution to the most deprived persons in the Community S. 98-104

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm resold on the market as soon as market trends allow for it …” „… organisations in implementing the action. 2. A product may be mobilised on the Community market where: (a) it is …” „… policy and (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Reference prices S. 67-74

„… in paragraph 1 of this Article in the light of developments in production and the markets. Recitals …” „… possibility was also given to the Commission to withdraw sugar from the market to maintain the structural …” „… was explicitly defined as representing “the desired market support level”10. For pigmeat, the basic …”

Scope S. 59-65

„… intervention and private storage aid, two market management instruments which have characterized Community …” „… market support activities from the early days of the CAP. 3 Public intervention in particular has been …” „… view to ensuring competitiveness and market orientation while maintaining the role of a safety net in …”

Opening of public intervention S. 83-87

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm support price levels. It is essential that these market …” „… further deterioration of prices and disturbance of the Community market”19. 15 By way of derogation from …” „… February 2011, “if prices in the sector for milk and milk products on the Community market are likely to …”

Quota systems and production potential S. 204-216

„… facilitate the adjustment of supply to market requirements In order to encourage action by trade …” „… organisations and joint trade organisations to facilitate the adjustment of supply to market requirements, with …” „… the exception of action relating to withdrawal from the market, the Commission may take the following …”

Production charge S. 190-197

„… production from the internal market. The starting point was the pre-existing production levy that amounted to …” „… organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2001 L 178, p. 1. Sect. III Measures in the sugar sector …” „… contribute to the financing of the expenditure occurring under the common organisation of the markets in the …”

Introduction to Subsection II S. 307-309

„… The transitional planting right regime predates the reform of 2008. Under the common market …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… of attaining a market equilibrium. Capping the upstream production factor “vine”, first devised for …”

Export refund fixation S. 729-733

„… world market situation, the specific requirements of certain markets, or obligations resulting from …” „… availabilities of that product on the Community market, – prices for that product on the world market. (b) the …” „… aims of the common market organisation which are to ensure equilibrium and the natural development of …”

Introduction to Section IVb S. 376-379

„… of the Common Market Organisation for wine: Final report prepared for European Commission-DG …” „… Agriculture, Innova Spa, 2004. 1The complexity of the common organization of the wine market (wine CMO) not …” „… marked improvement of previous measures based on two main principles: – Simplification of the market …”

Minimum beet price S. 180-184

„… quota. IV. The 2006 market reform 19As of 2003, the market organisation, until then focussed mainly on …” „… February 2006 (EC) No 318/2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector13, reforming …” „… the traditional market support mechanism, and Council Regulation (EC) No 320/2006 of 20 February 2006 …”

Conditions of granting for pigmeat S. 110-111

„… average Community market price recorded on the basis of the Community scale for the classification of …” „… 10 August 2001 laying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

Conditions of granting for sheepmeat and goatmeat S. 111-112

„… average Community market price for pig carcasses as established by reference to the prices recorded in …” „… each Member State on the representative markets of the Community and weighted by means of coefficients …” „… specifications as to the duration of this market situation nor the representative markets have been laid down by …”

Scope of export refunds S. 720-727

„… to enable exports on the basis of world market quotations or prices and within the limits resulting …” „… quota on imports, necessary to stabilise the Union market. Export refunds moreover, serve to safeguard …” „… between prices within the Union and on the world market. 2 However, subsidised exports are subject to …”

Introduction to Subsection I S. 301-302

„… vines in response to market demand. Such prospective liberalisation as a result of the 2008 reform is …” „… not compatible with EU-managed market intervention mechanisms such as crisis distillation.4 The …” „… liberalisation of planting rights and the concomitant phasing out of market support measures constitute the …”

Introduction to Chapter I S. 58-59

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm PART II INTERNAL MARKET Part II of the sCMO Regulation is …” „… the longest Part of the sCMO Regulation. It contains all the EU internal market rules. It consists of …” „… two Titles, namely one entitled Market intervention (Title I) and one entitled Rules concerning …”

Withdrawal of sugar S. 197-198

„… the structural balance of the market at a price level which is close to the reference price, taking …” „… Article 300 of the Treaty, the Commission may decide to withdraw from the market, for a given marketing …” „… year, on the basis of expected market trends. For the marketing year 2008/2009, that coefficient shall …”

g Approval of operational programmes S. 355-367

„… strategy for sustainable operational programmes in the fruit and vegetable market. Such a strategy shall …” „… and market orientation of the sector so as to contribute to achieving sustainable production that is …” „… competitive both on internal and external markets; reducing fluctuations in producers’ income resulting from …”

Security S. 625-638

„… management of the markets concerned and, in particular, for monitoring the imports of the products in …” „… measures concerning the market in ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin, OJ 2003 L 346, p. 19. Sect. I …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. Licences as a market monitoring tool …”

Additional import duties S. 664-672

„… markets of the Member States. 17This similarity has led to litigation as these provisions raise the issue …” „… and grape must, in order to prevent or counteract adverse effects on the Community market which may …” „… (the trigger volume). The trigger volume shall be based on market access opportunities defined, where …”

a Entry price system for the fruit and vegetables and the processed fruit and vegetables sectors S. 658-664

„… Basmati rice to the Union market a 0 % duty access for the main suppliers; India and Pakistan. 12In order …” „… market persists”15, the duty for husked rice may be extended to imports under this regime. 13Concerning …” „… product on Member States’ representative import markets or on other markets, where appropriate. Specific …”

General introduction S. 24-44

„… common organisation of agricultural markets (CMO) in the strict sense …” „… Union adopted Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …” „… markets are now basically contained in one rather than some 50 individual Council acts. This has rendered …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 248/2008 of 17 March 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards the national quotas for milk S. 1016-1017

„… market outlets have developed it is required to guarantee a minimum level of raw material supply. So in …” „… France. In order to continue enabling gradual adaptation of farm structures to the new market conditions …” „… 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Public intervention periods S. 80-83

„… intervention system should be kept in place to contribute to stabilising the market” under certain conditions …” „… of fall of market prices9. 4 Art. 12(1) sCMO. 5 Olmi, p. 162. Cfr. Recital 3 of Council Regulation …” „… market in cereals, OJ 1987 L 182, p. 40 and Recitals 8 and 9 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1908/1987 of …”

Emergency S. 859-861

„… market situations which are not already addressed by the intervention mechanisms provided for in the sCMO …” „… bases for the adoption of measures in case of special market situations which are to be used before …” „… market measures in the cereals sector3. – Arts 186, 187 and 188 sCMO allow the Commission to take the …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 620-624

„… a substantial role in the management of the access of third country products to the EU market. A …” „… disturbances on the EU market due to imports, where the bound tariff level does not provide enough protection …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… 15:22:35 3B2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Mo¨gele/Erlbacher (eds) Single Common Market …” „… Common Market Organisation – Article-by-Article Commentary of the Legal Framework for Agricultural …” „… Markets in the European Union – edited by Rudolf Mo¨gele Friedrich Erlbacher C.H. Beck Hart Nomos …”

Introduction to Section IVa S. 300-301

„… . IVa] Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in …” „… ) No 1493/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine, OJ 1999 L 179, p. 1. 3 …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes …”

v By-product distillation S. 399-400

„… receive support as promotion measures on third markets under Art. 103p.8 Article 103v By-product …” „… withdraw production surpluses from the market at a guaranteed minimum price by means of four different …” „… grape marc and wine lees4. – The potable alcohol distillation aimed at supporting the market in wines …”

d Designation of responsible national authorities for the wine sector S. 829-830

„… and the gathering of information to monitor the wine market, the documents accompanying consignments …” „… organisation of the market in wine, OJ 1999 L 179, p. 1. 1 [Art. 185d] Inserted by Council Regulation (EC) No …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

Implementing rules S. 120-122

„… storage may be submitted; (e) the adoption of the list of representative markets referred to in Articles …” „… referred to in Article 27(1); (h) the condition of mobilisation on the Community market referred to in …” „… production to the local market, – any derogations which may be granted to Member States which so request for …”

Export refund distribution S. 727-729

„… suited to the nature of the product and the situation on the market in question, allowing the most …” „… export refund must be (i) the most suited to the nature of the product and the situation on the market in …” „… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No …”

Suspension of outward processing arrangements S. 773-776

„… the Community market is disturbed or is liable to be disturbed by outward processing arrangements, the …” „… market in live trees and other plants, bulbs, roots and the like, cut flowers and ornamental foliage, OJ …” „… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

Implementing rules S. 203-204

„… allocations, as far as not voluntarily renounced, and even if temporarily withdrawn from the market. With this …” „… minimum price where the withdrawn sugar is being sold on the Community market under Article 52(4). 1 This …” „… relating to the market management measures identified in Arts 50(4), 52(1) and 52(4) sCMO. 2 The specific …”

Conditions for granting S. 333-336

„… sugar which the industry would have to bear in the event of supply on the world market and the price of …” „… the surplus sugar available on the Community market or the reference price if there is no surplus …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006, on the common organisation of the markets in the …”

Financing S. 158-166

„… , (EC) No 1182/2005 and (EC) No 315/2007, OJ 2009 L 30, p. 1. Sect. I Exceptional market support …” „… had not generally contested Sect. I Exceptional market support measures Art. 46 Busse 159 Reemers …” „… exceptional market support measures is of utmost importance”, since cofinancing by the Member States would …”

Interbranch organisations S. 539-544

„… markets should be organised from the bottom up29 and balances the powers between the different actors …” „… common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ 1972 L 118, p. 1. 29 Cfr. Olmi, p. 109. 30 …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

u Investments S. 396-399

„… harvest insurance shall not distort competition in the insurance market. Implementing provisions: Art. 16 …” „… States must ensure that competition in the insurance market is not distorted3 so as to avoid that the …” „… for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine …”

Specific rules S. 675-690

„… Community market and the need to safeguard the equilibrium of that market. Article 145 Opening of tariff …” „… disposal on the markets of those Member States. Recitals: Recital 70 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2. Requirements related to market management …”

Registration of contracts in the hops sector S. 823-825

„… market situation and the consequent conditions for smoothly phasing out the milk quota system …” „… submitted with regard to dried fodder, the German Alcohol Monopoly and the dairy market. Against this …” „… hops market in the EU and the prospects for its development to be available.3 Art. 185 is apart from …”

Introduction to Section III S. 104-105

„… Private storage as a measure for supporting the market is provided for in Arts 28 to 38 sCMO. The measure …” „… of granting private storage aid for supporting the market of certain agricultural products is aimed …” „… at correcting the temporary disequilibrium on these markets. Hence, in some periods the supply of …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 528-534

„… producer and interbranch organisations in the agricultural markets, including their recognition, rules on …” „… interbranch organisations may have a positive impact on the organisation of agricultural markets, particularly …” „… within the internal market. 7The present Chapter takes account of the potential of producer and …”

Marketing standards S. 415-419

„… to ensure the conditions for a smooth disposal of those products on the market; (iii) the interest of …” „… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3. Single market …”

Scope S. 44-52

„… be read. Article 11 Scope 1. This Regulation establishes a common organisation of the markets for the …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… markets” versus “specific measures” . . . 12 III The special rule concerning potatoes contained in para. 4 …”

Introduction to Section III S. 336-338

„… intended to contribute to balancing the milk market and stabilizing the market prices by increasing the …” „… promoting of a more market oriented agriculture, intervention prices (now referred to as reference prices2 …” „… and 12 Council Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common organisation of the market in …”

Producer organisations S. 534-539

„… structure of the market concerned and the actual conditions in which it functions.22 This approach further …” „… governed by the common organisation of the market for the sector in question, they are under an obligation …” „… ) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions …”

Loss in consumer confidence S. 155-158

„… co-financed market measure.144 This incident gives further ground for the already uttered criticism145 that …” „… and eggs sector, the Commission may adopt exceptional market support measures in order to take account …” „… of serious market disturbances directly attributed to a loss of consumer confidence due to public …”

r Green harvesting S. 393-394

„… for green harvesting shall contribute to restoring the balance of supply and demand in the market in …” „… wine in the Community in order to prevent market crises. 3. Support for green harvesting may be granted …” „… on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No …”

s Mutual funds S. 394-395

„… conditions5. Green harvesting, which has to be justified on the grounds of restoring market balance and …” „… prevention of market crisis, may not be applied on the same parcel for two consecutive years6.The beneficiary …” „… provide assistance to producers seeking to insure themselves against market fluctuations. 2. Support for …”

Conditions of granting for white sugar S. 108-109

„… remain at that level, taking into account the market situation, the Commission may decide to grant aid …” „… pigmeat market in form of private storage aid in part of the United Kingdom, OJ 2008 L 345, p. 56. 3 Art.6 …” „… for the pigmeat market in form of private storage aid in part of the United Kingdom, OJ 2008 L 345, p …”

Conditions of granting for olive oil S. 109-110

„… and is likely to remain at that level given the market situation, Art. 32 provides the Commission with …” „… market in the event of a serious disturbance on the market in certain regions of the Community, inter …” „… alia, when the average price recorded on the market during a representative period is less than: (a …”

Aid for skimmed milk processed into casein and caseinates S. 341-343

„… to create a serious imbalance in the market, the Commission may decide that aid shall be granted for …” „… Commission taking into account the development of the market situation for skimmed-milk powder and the …” „… milk products creating or likely to create serious imbalance in the market. 3The aid may be fixed in …”

a Additional requirements for the marketing of the products of the fruit and vegetables sector S. 419-430

„… Market for goods and services and assist international trade.” Article 113a1 Additional requirements for …” „… marketing standards may not display such products or offer them for sale or deliver or market them in any …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …”

Interprofessional agreements S. 184-190

„… by Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 of 29 September 2003 establishing common market rules for …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… market in sugar and the quota system, OJ 2006 L 178, p. 39. 3 The scheme on horizontal agreements is …”

Introduction to Part IV S. 776-778

„… features of the markets for agricultural products, the Treaty has conferred on the EU-legislator the power …” „… particularities of the agricultural markets which are characterised on the one hand by particular structures and …” „… successive reforms of the CAP was to orient the European agriculture towards a more market oriented approach …”

Introduction to Subsection III S. 316-317

„… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …” „… to restore the market equilibrium. Overcapacity and over-supply still obtained and whatever the …” „… reasons were for the failure of those instruments to bring about the hoped-for equilibrium, a market …”

q Conditions of eligibility S. 318-319

„… new organisation of the wine market after the reform in 2008 and equally sets out to tackle the …” „… not receive Community support under any other common market organisation within the five wine years …” „… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

w Potable alcohol distillation S. 400-401

„… overproduction of wines not intended to be placed on the market. However, it was obvious that equilibrium between …” „… result from the abrupt abolition of market mechanism so financed by the EU budget. 3With particular …” „… twofold; firstly, to improve the quality of wines by withdrawing bad-quality wines from the market, and …”

a Transfer of amounts available in the wine sector to rural development S. 858-859

„… 1493/1999 for intervention measures to regulate agricultural markets as referred to in Article 3(1)(b) of …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …”

x Crisis distillation S. 401-403

„… measure may create a distortion of the market since it could subsidise overproduction. 2 Support for …” „… the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/ 2005, (EC …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in Art. 103x Part II Title I Ch. IV Aid …”

Single CMO Regulation and WTO rules S. 586-614

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3. WTO aspects of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 (sCMO Regulation) 25 II. Market access …” „… . Market access …” „… world total imports in 2008. However, both the EU and the US have lost export market share in recent …”

General principles S. 614-620

„… 318/20062 on the sugar market which was the most recent basic Regulation prior to the adoption of the sCMO …” „… agriculture pursues the objective to preserve the functioning of the internal market for agricultural products …” „… Council Regulation No 120/67/EEC of 13 June 1967 on the common organisation of the market in cereals, OJ …”

Surplus levy S. 280-287

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… dairy production. It is set at a level that should discourage dairy producers to market milk and milk …” „… between offer and demand on the dairy market featured by structural overruns by means of limitation of the …”

Index S. 1038-1045

„… aid 34 – outward processing 174 – reference price 8 4, 11, 13, 23, 28 – scope of market interventions …” „… public intervention 12 13 et seq. – special market measures 47 – tariff classification 152 Circumvention …” „… – disturbances as to internal market prices 186 – disturbances by quotations or prices on world market 187 …”

Introduction to Section III S. 235-240

„… the accumulation of excess quantities to distort the balance on the EU sugar market.4 Therefore, the …” „… on the world market reached the level of $ 500, and just over $ 400 for raw sugar, but that the …” „… balance between offer and demand on the milk market. 2In 1976 milk production in the EEC increased by 10 …”

Marketing standards for milk and milk products S. 440-445

„… defend the position of milk and milk products on the markets, to achieve more clarity for the consumer …” „… ingredient of animal origin. They were put on the market as products similar to traditional milk products …” „… products got a wide share of the market the sale of milk would decrease and thereby increase the surplus of …”

f Extension of rules S. 557-562

„… organization of the market in the fruit and vegetables as regards producers’ organizations, OJ 1983 L 325, p. 1 …” „… 3284/835, the ECJ had ruled that the CMO of the fruit and vegetables market in force at that time did not …” „… organisations, thus encouraging greater market stability, Member States should be permitted to extend specific …”

a Unlawful plantings planted after 31 August 1998 S. 302-304

„… prohibition (introduced by the common market organisation in Council Regulation (EC) No 822/872) applying to …” „… , some Member States argued that the need for a reform of the common market organisation, which was …” „… March 1987 on the common organization of the market in wine, OJ 1987 L 84, p. 1. 3 The Regulation also …”

Promotional levy in the milk and milk products sector S. 820-822

„… equivalent in order to finance the measures on promoting consumption in the Community, expanding the markets …” „… products on the internal market and in third countries6. Hence, despite the changes in the EU’s policy on …” „… ) No 804/68 on the common organization of the market in milk and milk products, OJ 1994 L 30, p. 1. 2 …”

Communications in the ethyl alcohol sector S. 840-844

„… referred to in Article 195(1), shall draw up a Community balance for the market in ethyl alcohol of …” „… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes, trade with third countries, production …”

Commentary on Arts 180–182a S. 799-820

„… repealed and replaced by Regulation (EC) No 1184/200612. For the area of agricultural market policy the …” „… progressive development or functioning of the internal market. However, in these cases the system of prior …” „… and promotion measures for agricultural products on the internal market and in third countries, OJ …”

Calculation of import duties for cereals S. 649-653

„… the given product (Art. 136), domestic market prices (Art. 140a) or data from actual imports …” „… European cereals market, the Community negotiated access to his market and a limitation of its production …” „… the market in oils and fats, OJ 1966 L 172, p. 3025. 7 Cahiers de la PAC: cultures arables, p. 18 …”

Intervention limits S. 87-90

„… market price for beef and veal in a Member State or region thereof, over a representative period is below …” „… paragraph if the market situation and, in particular, the development of market prices, so requires …” „… and market orientation, while maintaining the role of safety net. II. Intervention limits 2Art. 13(1 …”

Sugar disposal S. 96-98

„… ” Article, thus completing the pre-existing notions of avoidance of disturbance of the market and ensuring …” „… full respect of the general principles of Art. 25, in such a way as to avoid disturbing the market and …” „… internal market of the Community, to charitable organisations – recognised by the Member State concerned or …”

Introduction to Section II S. 166-167

„… guardian of the internal market had been empowered to regulate the question of producer contributions in …” „… overcome the market crisis and therefore does not make an application according to Art. 44(2) subpara. 1 …” „… concern production-related situations, the two exceptional measures in Sect. II aim at specific market …”

a Special security in the wine sector S. 638-643

„… General for Agriculture and Rural Development, Expost evaluation of the Common Market Organisation for …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC …”

o Duration S. 317-318

„… for the need and legitimacy of such a premium may have featured the recognition that the common market …” „… , grubbing-up will reduce the area under vines and contribute to the market balance before the full market …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

Additional and supplementary isoglucose quota S. 219-222

„… Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 as regards the management of the Community market in sugar and the quota system …” „… ) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ …” „… reform in the European Union and in world sugar markets, p. 76. Sect. II Subsect. I Quota allocation and …”

Aid for skimmed milk and skimmed milk powder for use as feedingstuffs S. 338-341

„… serious imbalance in the market would indicate that prices for skimmed milk (powder) would be rather low …” „… of casein by granting an aid would have a significant additional effect. Furthermore, market …” „… in the market, the Commission may decide that aid shall be granted for Community produced skimmed …”

Quota management S. 222-225

„… sugar and isoglucose per Member State or region with a view to avoiding market imbalances in the …” „… desired (lower) level that will bring the sugar market in balance but according to the first para. of Art …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Financial provisions S. 844-858

„… responsible for the implementation and management on the ground of the market policy measures set out in or …” „… for the entire first pillar of the CAP including market policy, direct income support and other …” „… specific measures, – defines the scope of market policy financing i.e. the measures to be financed by the …”

COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 435/2009 of 26 May 2009 amending Annex I to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 (Single CMO Regulation) as regards certain codes of the Combined Nomenclature S. 1032-1033

„… of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… Agricultural Markets, … 9. COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 435/2009 of 26 May 2009 amending Annex I to Council …” „… of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Calculation of import duties for broken rice S. 654-658

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …” „… December 1995 on the common organisation of the market in rice, OJ 1995 L 329, p. 18. 6 Art. XXVIII(1) of …” „… importing more expensive. On the other hand, this measure also guarantees a certain flow to the Union market …”

Introduction to Subsection I S. 216-217

„… regulation of the market such as the quotas in the sugar sector, which are capable of varying over time …” „… depending on the situation of the market or the needs of the common agricultural policy.”76 Section II Sugar …” „… the EU sugar sector more competitive on the liberalizing world market by significantly cutting the …”

m Stricter national rules S. 315-316

„… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …”

h Implementing rules S. 375-376

„… agricultural policy and (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… of the Common Market Organisation for wine: Final report prepared for European Commission-DG …” „… Agriculture, Innova Spa, 2004. 1The complexity of the common organization of the wine market (wine CMO) not …”

t Harvest insurance S. 395-396

„… be invested in types of assets and securities like stocks, bonds and other money market instruments …” „… or be used to insure fund members against market fluctuations. It is the latter which constitutes the …” „… , firstly, reduce producers’ exposure to market fluctuations and, secondly, to somewhat compensate for the …”

Marketing standards for products of the eggs and poultry meat sectors S. 448-454

„… position on the market, these products have not been substituted by mixed spreadable. A reduction of …” „… refunds and exceptional market support measures in case of animal diseases. 2 Moreover, it was decided by …” „… organization of the market in poultrymeat, OJ 1975 L 282, p. 77. 2 Council Regulation (EEC) No 2771/75 of 29 …”

Carry forward of surplus sugar S. 232-234

„… (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ …” „… to avoid the surplus sugar distorting the sugar market.2 Ch. IV of Regulation (EC) No 967/20063 …” „… prevention of a distortion of the sugar market is the objective of the carry forward of surplus sugar, the …”

Surplus levy S. 234-235

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm market before the beginning of the marketing year to which …” „… withdrawn from the market in accordance with Articles 52 and 52a and for which the obligations provided for …” „… , before 30 November; withdrawal from the market according to Art. 52 sCMO,1 the supply of the outermost …”

c Accompanying documents and register in the wine sector S. 828-829

„… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… vineyard register, compulsory declarations and the gathering of information to monitor the wine market, the …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

q Restructuring and conversion of vineyards S. 389-393

„… conditions such as: – the existence of potential new market outlets and export opportunities for the products …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …” „… the common organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes, trade with third …”

a Rules of association of producer organisations S. 547-551

„… ) market their entire production concerned through the producer organisation; (d) provide the information …” „… . 2004 on the common organisation of the market in olive oil and table olives, OJ 2004 L 161, p. 97. 1 …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …”

National quotas S. 244-247

„… ” means a limitation of the right to market milk and milk products. Dairy farmers remain free to produce …” „… any quantity of milk they want. However, if they market milk above their individual quota they run the …” „… possible review in the light of the general market situation and particular conditions existing in certain …”

a Special import requirements for wine S. 709-712

„… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… . 158a] Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in …” „… ) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes, trade …”

a Compatibility with the integrated administration and control system S. 870-874

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …” „… organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes, trade with third countries, production …”

b Marketing of the meat of bovine animals aged 12 months or less S. 430-437

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… a common organisation of the agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain products …” „… main consumer markets in the European Union. As a rule, no reference was made to the type of feed …”

Implementing rules S. 56-58

„… 15:57:00 3B2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm PART II INTERNAL MARKET Part II of the sCMO Regulation …” „… is the longest Part of the sCMO Regulation. It contains all the EU internal market rules. It consists …” „… of two Titles, namely one entitled Market intervention (Title I) and one entitled Rules concerning …”

Suspension of inward processing arrangements S. 717-719

„… . Article 1601 Suspension of inward processing arrangements 1. Where the Community market is disturbed or is …” „… ) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions …” „… be adopted in cases where the internal market is disturbed or is liable to be disturbed by inward …”

Organisation of the Management Committee S. 874-887

„… Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets (hereinafter referred to as the …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

Suspension of import duties in the sugar sector S. 672-674

„… market, or the effects would be disproportionate to the intended objective. Besides WTO tariff quotas set …” „… “the most favourable purchasing opportunities on the world market”, takes account of international …” „… . 142] Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets …”

Introduction S. 458-466

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… the products. 2 The significance attached to a geographical indication in a globalised market …” „… competitive market2. 3 The process of the consolidation of the use of origin designations, and particularly of …”

Application of Articles 81 to 86 of the Treaty S. 779-783

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… the particular characteristics of the agreements and markets at issue. In this regard, as laid down in …” „… agreement have a combined market share of less than 5 % on any relevant market affected by such agreement …”

h Repeal of the extension of rules S. 563-565

„… a substantial part of the internal market or jeopardises free trade, or that the objectives of …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Exclusion of competition in substantial part of internal market or jeopardy to free trade …” „… organization of the market in the fruit and vegetables as regards producers’ organizations, OJ 1983 L 325, p. 1 …”

a Vineyard register and inventory S. 825-827

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/ 2005, (EC …” „… gathering of information to monitor the wine market, the documents accompanying consignments of wine …”

General principles S. 95-96

„… place in such a way as to avoid any disturbance of the market, to ensure equal access to the goods and …” „… intervention. They are the following: – Avoidance of any disturbance of the market; – Ensuring equal access to …” „… market and ensuring equal access and treatment. II. Sales from intervention 6In accordance with proper …”

l Content of support programmes S. 383-384

„… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290 …” „… implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine as regards …” „… third-country markets. Following deliberations in the Council the compulsory nature of the promotion measure was …”

g Transitional prohibition on planting vines S. 309-310

„… , together with the market mechanisms to be phased out earlier, ensure that producers will have had the time …” „… to get inured to reacting to market signals and not take undue risks for which the traditional market …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

m Eligible measures S. 384-385

„… case include a measure intended to promote wine products on third-country markets. Following …” „… , new measures mirroring the old market support mechanism were included with either temporary …” „… retained, or rather re-introduced, to “alleviate the otherwise abrupt termination of the usual market so …”

Eligible products S. 105-106

„… commonly applied measure for this sector, private storage has become insufficient to deal with the market …” „… the evolutions of the markets, can decide if the measure of granting private storage aid will be …” „… on the common organisation of the market in wine, OJ 2008 L 148, p. 1. 1 [Art. 28] Council Regulation …”

r Amount of the grubbing-up premium S. 319-320

„… under a common market organisation other than the wine common market organisation, the verification of …” „… situation under the common market organisation as per Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999. Art. 2(3) of this …” „… the relevant wine (not the vines) was deemed regularised and could therefore be put on the market. Art …”

za Languages S. 511-512

„… April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/ 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… national markets. In order to avoid national legislation imposing national language(s), which constitutes a …”

n Implementing measures S. 316

„… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …” „… to restore the market equilibrium. Overcapacity and over-supply still obtained and whatever the …” „… reasons were for the failure of those instruments to bring about the hoped-for equilibrium, a market …”

f Duration S. 309

„… , together with the market mechanisms to be phased out earlier, ensure that producers will have had the time …” „… to get inured to reacting to market signals and not take undue risks for which the traditional market …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

Marketing standards for fats S. 445-448

„… on the transparency of the markets? Could it be left to self-regulating mechanisms within the …” „… consumer properly and did not accept possible harmful effects of milk substitutes on the milk market as …” „… limited to one specific product. The provisions tend to standardise the market of a range of products …”

Import duties S. 643-649

„… agricultural market, INRA, 2003; Lyons, EC Customs Law, Oxford University Press, 2008. Contents: I. General …” „… internal market with manufacturers exporting from other countries6. For this purpose, the tariff gives a …” „… for which the internal market prices are above the external market prices. The principle behind the …”

Safeguard measures S. 712-717

„… : http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/06_en.pdf. 12 Art. 40 and 43 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008. 13 Art. 45 of Commission …” „… , such as the common organisation of the markets in fishery and aquaculture products.6 3Safeguard …” „… markets in the sugar sector (OJ L 58, p. 1). 6 Art. 30 of Council Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 of 17 …”

Carcass classification S. 116-120

„… reporting enables a regular (weekly) monitoring of market developments at EU and Member State level. (b …” „… ) Secondly, the reported prices constitute the basis for triggering or suspending certain market support …” „… . 186 sCMO5 various exceptional market support measures6. Eligibility for support under those measures …”

d Accompanying measures S. 306-307

„… earlier common market organizations is that producers must prove non-circulation and if distillation is …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and Sect. IVa Subsect …”

COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 510/2008 of 6 June 2008 amending Annex VI to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 for the 2008/09 marketing year S. 1022-1023

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)43 …” „… accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

Implementing rules S. 299-300

„… existing on the market, it results from para. 6 that potato starch can also be produced outside the …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No …”

Implementing rules S. 413-415

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm tion of Agricultural Markets6. Currently, the detailed …” „… market requirements in the silkworm sector and adopted Regulation (EEC) No 845/722. The Regulation …” „… Organisation of Agricultural Markets4. Currently, the implementing rules for the silkworm sector are laid down …”

a Scope S. 466-467

„… ; (b) ensuring the smooth operation of the common market in the products concerned; and (c) promoting …” „… their access to third-country markets. The relevant rules relate to the protection, on the one hand, of …” „… essential characteristics of different products placed on the market2. Secondly, from the producers …”

g Notification S. 562-563

„… industrial processing are objectively different from goods intended for the fresh-product market.19 14Art …” „… for its market conditions.24 Article 125g Notification Member States shall notify the Commission …” „… competition in a substantial part of the internal market or jeopardises free trade, or that the objectives of …”

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1184/2006 S. 887-888

„… referred to in Article 1a of this Regulation which form an integral part of a national market organisation …” „… respective market rules in the sCMO Regulation. 2Art. 200 modifies Regulation (EC) No 1184/20064 following …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine, OJ …”

u Definitions S. 496-499

„… of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003, (EC) No …” „… , p. 1. 1 [Art. 118u] Council Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in …” „… ) sufficiently distinctive and/or enjoy an established reputation on the Community market; (c) have been …”

Imports of hops S. 706-709

„… strict criteria are established for the marketing of hops on the internal market. Hops are a traditional …” „… 1696/71 of the Council of 26 July 1971 on the common organisation of the market in hops, OJ 1971 L 175, p …” „… the market in hops and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 1696/71, (EEC) No 1037/ 72, (EEC) No 879/73 and …”

zb Enforcement S. 512-513

„… national markets. In order to avoid national legislation imposing national language(s), which constitutes a …” „… from, the market. Recitals: Recitals 39 and 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 479/20081; recital 4 of …” „… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290 …”

Calculation of import duties for husked rice S. 653-654

„… are considered by the Commission and the importers themselves as relevant for the market and as the …” „… . The Commission adds to this f.o.b. price freight costs quoted on freight markets between United States …” „… follow market trends, while minimizing the uncertainty for importers, which is a Council-level …”

b Compulsory declarations in the wine sector S. 827-828

„… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …” „… the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No …” „… , compulsory declarations and the gathering of information to monitor the wine market, the documents …”

Repeals S. 888-889

„… and of the respective market rules in the sCMO Regulation. 2Art. 200 modifies Regulation (EC) No …” „… the market in wine, OJ 1999 L 179, p. 1. 2 Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on …” „… the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ 1996 L 297, p. 1. 3 Council …”

z Optional particulars S. 507-511

„… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/ 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine …”

Scope S. 227-230

„… . This provision makes it possible for new participants to make a new market entry. However, in case the …” „… 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p …” „… while making sure that the surplus sugar would not distort the sugar market,3 and this provision has …”

Individual quotas S. 247-258

„… expiry of the regime if the situation on the dairy market so required. In this respect Art. 184(6 …” „… evaluate the dairy market situation. In this regard the concept of legitimate expectations has to be duly …” „… particular the shift from production for on-farm consumption to production for the market. 10 Para. 5 of Art …”

p Scope and definition S. 318

„… new organisation of the wine market after the reform in 2008 and equally sets out to tackle the …” „… not receive Community support under any other common market organisation within the five wine years …” „… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

Combined nomenclature S. 620

„… a substantial role in the management of the access of third country products to the EU market. A …” „… disturbances on the EU market due to imports, where the bound tariff level does not provide enough protection …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

s Existing protected wine names S. 494-496

„… Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003 …” „… 17 May 1999, on the common organisation of the market in wine, OJ 1999 L 197, p. 1. Art. 118s Part II …”

Controls and administrative measures and administrative penalties and their reporting S. 863-870

„… the market but, in essence, burned on the fields. Spain unsuccessfully argued that the EU provisions …” „… 1290/20053 with regard to EU-financed market measures.4 According to the latter provision Member States are …” „… and effectiveness of the implementation of market policy, protect the Union’s financial interests and …”

b Obligatory regularisation of unlawful plantings planted before 1 September 1998 S. 304-306

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… on the common organization of the market in wine, OJ 1987 L 84, p. 1. Art. 85b Part II Title I Ch …” „… of the provision in comparison to earlier common market organizations is that producers must prove …”

Introduction to Section Ib S. 500-502

„… ) and the vintage year, allowing wine farmers in the EU to produce and market “varietal wines”4; – the …” „… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

a Agreements and concerted practices in the fruit and vegetables sector S. 791-793

„… ) agreements, decisions and concerted practices which may lead to the partitioning of markets in any form …” „… operation of the market organisation; (c) agreements, decisions and concerted practices which may create …” „… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …”

l Extension of rules S. 571-574

„… operators may be requested: (a) shall have one of the following aims: (i) production and market reporting …” „… 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ No 1996 L …” „… 1996 on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ 1996 L 297, p. 1. 4 Cfr. von …”

COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 513/2010 of 15 June 2010 amending Annex VI to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards the adjustment of the quotas as from the 2010/2011 marketing year in the sugar sector S. 1037-1038

„… Commission to react to market disturbances in a flexible and swift manner. (7) Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 …” „… 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions …” „… the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets, … 96 OJ …”

Intervention prices S. 90-95

„… intervention may be fixed per, Member State or region of a Member State on the basis of recorded average market …” „… beef and veal, than the average market price recorded in a Member State or a region of a Member State …” „… with Art. 18(3)(b) the maximum buying-in price shall not be higher than the average market price in a …”

a Aids to producer organisations S. 345-349

„… products, in order to address specific market situations.3 In the case of hops, Member States could …” „… stabilisation of the hops market, the adaption of the hops production to the requirements of the market …” „… ; (ii) concentration of supply and the placing on the market of the products produced by its members …”

e National financial assistance S. 354-355

„… States where producer organisations market less than 20 % of fruit and vegetables production; (h) it is …” „… educational establishments. 4. The percentage provided for in paragraph 1 shall be 100 % in the case of market …” „… producer organisations market less than 15 % of the value of fruit and vegetable production and whose fruit …”

Operator organisations S. 546-547

„… , 212/87, Unilec vs. Larroche, para. 15: “The setting-up of a common organization of the market places an …” „… Article 122(a)(iii); (c) market their entire production concerned through the producer organisation; (d …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 865/2004 of 29. 4. 2004 on the common organisation of the market in olive oil …”

Conditions and aid-level for butter S. 106-107

„… particularly difficult market situation, butter can enter private storage earlier, as was the case in 2009 when …” „… the market, the aid may be increased. Recitals, implementing rules and literature: See Introduction to …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

Quota allocation S. 217-218

„… 1 Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets …” „… of 19 June 2001 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2001 L 178, p. 1 …” „… 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p. 1. 1 [Art. 57 …”

Aid for the acquisition of quotas S. 279-280

„… regulatory effect of the quotas on the market for milk and milk products, Member States were allowed to …” „… such aid does not depend on the possible effects that that it may have on the functioning of the market …” „… regulation, it is unlawful, even if it was not such as to distort the functioning of that market.5 2 Recital …”

j National and regional reserve of planting rights S. 313-314

„… reserve. This has actually created a market of sorts for such rights in Member States where they fetch a …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… techniques used guarantee that the subsequent production is adapted to market demand; (b) the yields …”

k Granting planting rights from the reserve S. 314-315

„… guarantee that the subsequent production is adapted to market demand; (b) the yields concerned are typical …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Method of production of agricultural ethyl alcohol S. 515-516

„… merely set out “specific measures concerning the market in ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin.2 These …” „… pursued were mainly to increase market information, monitor trade flows and establish a forum for …” „… measures concerning the market in ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin, OJ 2003 L 97, p. 6. 2 See Bianchi …”

Introduction S. 518-519

„… 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No …” „… market organisation regulation had to be changed (see Council Regulation (EC) No 2165/20054). 5 Last but …” „… certain detailed rules implementing Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 on the common organisation of the market …”

a Reporting and evaluation in the wine sector S. 839-840

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… Article 195(1), shall draw up a Community balance for the market in ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin …” „… April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC …”

Eligible products S. 107-108

„… may amend the list of products laid down in point (c) of the first subparagraph if the market …” „… , during a representative period, and is likely to remain at that level, taking into account the market …” „… emergency support measures for the pigmeat market in form of private storage aid in part of the United …”

Approved undertakings S. 218-219

„… of 19 June 2001 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2001 L 178, p. 1 …” „… 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p. 1. 1 [Art. 57 …” „… ] Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the …”

k Recognition and withdrawal of recognition S. 567-571

„… 1983 amending Regulation (EC) No 1035/72 on the common organization of the market in the fruit and …” „… Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organization of the market in fruit and …” „… vegetables in order to mitigate the risk that it abuses its power in order to strengthen its own market …”

j Compatibility and consistency S. 379-381

„… supply and demand, the need for the development of a competitive and sustainable market featuring …” „… are deemed most suitable to achieve the objectives of the new market organization. This constitutes …” „… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

Certification for hops S. 454-456

„… Council Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 of 26 July 1971 on the common organisation of the market in hops, OJ …” „… 1696/71 on the common organization of the market in hops, OJ 1977 L 137, p. 7. 4 Council Regulation (EC …” „… ) No 1952/2005 of 23 November 2005 concerning the common organisation of the market in hops and …”

x Applicability of horizontal rules S. 502-504

„… ) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …” „… , durability, 1 Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market …”

a Potato starch premium S. 331-333

„… common organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for fibre, OJ 2000 L 193, p. 16. That …” „… sugar which the industry would have to bear in the event of supply on the world market and the price of …” „… the surplus sugar available on the Community market or the reference price if there is no surplus …”

d Specific provisions for the marketing of wine S. 438-440

„… name to market products obtained by the fermentation of fruit other than grapes; or (b) it is part of a …” „… ) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions …” „… obtained by the fermentation of fruit other than grapes. At the time of the wine market reform in 2008 some …”

Marketing standards for olive oils and olive-pomace oils S. 456-458

„… certification procedure also has a marketing aspect on the international market. The minimum requirements …” „… the marketing of these products on the EU market. These descriptions and definitions are in practice …” „… there is a need to protect the retail market. 5 The marketing standards for olive oil referred to in …”

Use of casein and caseinate in the manufacture of cheese S. 513-515

„… relabelled or withdrawn from the market. This applies to products marketed in the EU or, subject to certain …” „… measures concerning the market in ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin.2 These measures included mainly …” „… market information, monitor trade flows and establish a forum for discussion and preparing of decisions.6 …”

i Scope S. 379

„… supply and demand, the need for the development of a competitive and sustainable market featuring …” „… are deemed most suitable to achieve the objectives of the new market organization. This constitutes …” „… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

Committee S. 874

„… Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets (hereinafter referred to as the …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

Definitions S. 52-54

„… , in order to safeguard the proper working of the single market based on common prices, the provisions …” „… market support measures, the quota-regimes, aid schemes and export refunds. 6Finally, the term …” „… taken, e.g. in Art. 47 concerning special market support measures in the cereals sector, Art. 136 …”

Rules concerning storage S. 112-114

„… measure is simply that the situation of the market is “particularly difficult”. This market situation is …” „… measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private storage aid, OJ 2001 L 217, p. 5. 1 [Art. 39 …” „… market intervention mechanisms provided for in Ch. I of Part II of the sCMO Regulation: equality of …”

National quota reallocation and reduction of quota S. 225-227

„… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …” „… the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p. 1. 3 Recitals 12 and 13 …” „… before. This provision makes it possible for new participants to make a new market entry. However, in …”

c Verification of non-circulation or distillation S. 306

„… earlier common market organizations is that producers must prove non-circulation and if distillation is …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and Sect. IVa Subsect …”

Production refund for starch (repealed) S. 333

„… sugar which the industry would have to bear in the event of supply on the world market and the price of …” „… the surplus sugar available on the Community market or the reference price if there is no surplus …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006, on the common organisation of the markets in the …”

Production refund in the sugar sector S. 333

„… sugar which the industry would have to bear in the event of supply on the world market and the price of …” „… the surplus sugar available on the Community market or the reference price if there is no surplus …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006, on the common organisation of the markets in the …”

Conditions for measures to be applied in cases of disturbances and implementing rules S. 831

„… disrupt the availability of supply on the EU market and where that situation is likely to continue or to …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… laying down a specific market support measure in the dairy sector, OJ 2009 L 330 p. 70. 3 Regulation (EC …”

Conditions of granting for products of the beef and veal sector S. 110

„… average Community market price recorded on the basis of the Community scale for the classification of …” „… 10 August 2001 laying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

Conditions of granting for skimmed milk powder (repealed) S. 110

„… average Community market price recorded on the basis of the Community scale for the classification of …” „… 10 August 2001 laying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

Conditions of granting for cheese (repealed) S. 110

„… average Community market price recorded on the basis of the Community scale for the classification of …” „… 10 August 2001 laying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

ANNEX XIII MARKETING OF MILK FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 114(2) S. 953-955

„… Member States shall report to the Commission on developments in the market in milk products and competing …” „… the final consumer by the producer: (a) on the production site, or (b) in a local public market or by …” „… law, the definition of the terms ‘local public market’, ‘door-to-door selling’ and ‘region of …”

Special transfer measures S. 275-278

„… of the market in milk and milk products, OJ 1987 L 285, p. 1. 2 Bianchi, p. 663. Sect. III Subsect …” „… market-based mechanisms including private sales and quota stock exchanges. Member States may determine whether …” „… transferred quota. 14 Direct transfers without land between producers at a market price, determined via …”

a Potato starch quotas S. 296-299

„… would constitute a state aid that would not be compatible with the common market. In a case where a …” „… promote a more market-oriented and sustainable agriculture6. 3Art. 1 lit. (f) of Regulation (EC) No …” „… excess quantities. 7 Although practically not used given the overcapacity existing on the market, it …”

Export licences S. 719-720

„… markets concerned and, in particular, for monitoring the exports of the products in question. 2. Articles …” „… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …” „… refunds 1. To the extent necessary to enable exports on the basis of world market quotations or prices and …”

ga Aid for the supply of fruit and vegetable, processed fruit and vegetable and banana products to children S. 367-375

„… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… agricultural policy and (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… Journal, but can be found at: http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets …”

v De minimis S. 323-324

„… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …”

Implementing rules S. 674-675

„… corresponding to the world price, which has been generally much lower than the EU market price. The suspension …” „… , give due weight to the supply requirements of the Community market and the need to safeguard the …” „… equilibrium of that market. Article 145 Opening of tariff quotas The Commission shall provide for the annual …”

Retention of quotas S. 278-279

„… the market for milk and milk products, Member States were allowed to revert quota belonging to a …” „… possible effects that that it may have on the functioning of the market for milk and milk products …” „… if it was not such as to distort the functioning of that market.5 2 Recital 20 Regulation (EC) No …”

Implementing rules S. 327-328

„… Council Regulation (EC) No 1786/2003 on the common organisation of the market in dried fodder, OJ 2005 L …” „… the market in dried fodder, OJ L 270, 21. 10. 2003, p. 114. That Regulation was incorporated ab initio …” „… processor and prove that they have placed the fibres obtained on the market, the aid shall be granted to the …”

d Community financial assistance S. 353-354

„… by producer organisations in Member States where producer organisations market less than 20 % of …” „… in paragraph 1 shall be 100 % in the case of market withdrawals of fruit and vegetables which shall …” „… the operational fund. In regions of Member States where producer organisations market less than 15 …”

y Use of concentrated grape must S. 403-404

„… 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… where chaptalised wines would no longer fall under the common market organisation for wine, and thus …” „… rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in …”

b Scope S. 519-520

„… Regulation (EC) No 1507/20063). In order to enable this change the Council common market organisation …” „… (EC) No 1493/1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine, as regards the use of pieces of …” „… common organisation of the market in wine, OJ 2005 L 345, p. 1. Art. 120b Part II Title II Ch. I …”

i Financial contributions of non-member producers S. 565-566

„… Article 125f(1); (b) the cost of research, market studies and sales promotion undertaken by the …” „… organization of the market in the fruit and vegetables as regards producers’ organizations, OJ 1983 L 325, p. 1 …” „… cost of research, market studies and sales promotion undertaken by the organisation or association and …”

Agreements and concerted practices in the tobacco sector S. 793-794

„… in the following cases where: (a) they may lead to the partitioning of markets in any form within the …” „… Community; (b) they may affect the sound operation of the market organisation; (c) they may create …” „… : (a) knowledge of production and the market; (b) definition of minimum qualities; (c) use of …”

Binding effect of agreements and concerted practices on non members in the tobacco sector S. 794-795

„… market; (b) definition of minimum qualities; (c) use of cultivation methods compatible with the …” „… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

Definitions S. 240-244

„… Member State, who produces and markets milk or who is preparing to do so in the very near future; (d …” „… markets milk or who is preparing to do so in the very near future. Those provisions indicate that the …” „… the rule. 17Regarding the dairy sector, however, “quota” means a limitation of the right to market …”

Tobacco Fund S. 406-410

„… 2075/92 of 30 June 1992 on the common organization of the market in raw tobacco, OJ 1992 L 215, p. 70. Art …” „… amending Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 on the common organisation of the market in raw tobacco, OJ 1998 L 210 …” „… December 2003 amending Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 on the common organisation of the market in raw tobacco …”

o Recognition S. 576-580

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290 …” „… balance of supply and demand of wine in the EU market (see recital 44 of Regulation (EC) No 479/2008). 4 …”

Export refunds for live animals in the beef and veal sector S. 756-764

„… competition opportunities between the world market and the Union market. Article 168 Export refunds for live …” „… market organisations to operate smoothly. However, where no precise rules are laid down at Union level …” „… barriers to trade in live animals and allowing market organisations to operate smoothly pursued by …”

Marketing years S. 54-55

„… foreseen in the sCMO Regulation, notably public intervention, private storage, exceptional market support …” „… . 47 concerning special market support measures in the cereals sector, Art. 136 concerning the …” „… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …”

s Procedure and budget S. 320-321

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

n General rules concerning support programmes S. 385-386

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/index. 1 [Art. 103n] Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of …” „… the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/2005, (EC …” „… market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/ 2005, (EC) No …”

Minimum export prices S. 772-773

„… arrangements1 1. Where the Community market is disturbed or is liable to be disturbed by outward processing …” „… market in live trees and other plants, bulbs, roots and the like, cut flowers and ornamental foliage, OJ …” „… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

Reporting in respect of certain sectors S. 822-823

„… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… 2010 and 31 December 2012 to the European Parliament and Council regarding the evolution of the market …” „… submitted with regard to dried fodder, the German Alcohol Monopoly and the dairy market. Against this …”

Products eligible for public intervention S. 76-80

„… 14. 12Each month, the Commission shall inform the Management Committee of the average market price …” „… decide for public intervention if the market situation so requires in accordance with Art. 13(2). For …” „… stocks of rye due to insufficient disposal outlets on the internal and external markets (cfr. recital 5 …”

ANNEX XVI DESCRIPTIONS AND DEFINITIONS OF OLIVE OIL AND OLIVE POMAGE OILS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 118 S. 963-964

„… must in fermentation extracted from raisined grapes shall be put on the market only for the manufacture …” „… . Production rules (a) choice of seed to be used according to intended destination (fresh market …” „… from the market. XVI.a LIST OF RULES FOR NONMEMBER PRODUCERS Annexes A 963 …”

Transfers of quotas together with land S. 268-275

„… market of quotas the access to which would be determined by the purchasing power of stakeholders to the …” „… of milk, but to draw purely financial benefits because of their market value.4 In cases where part of …” „… the transferring producer would charge the EU milk market with unwanted milk that is not covered by a …”

Granting of export refund S. 734-756

„… organization of the market in cereals.1 2Art. 165 sCMO provides for the export refund applicable in the first …” „… common organization of the market in cereals, OJ 1992 L 181, p. 21. Sect. II Export refunds Art. 167 van …” „… products covered by the common organisation of the markets.7 10 Therefore, in interpreting the terms in the …”

i Replanting rights S. 311-313

„… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …” „… reserve. This has actually created a market of sorts for such rights in Member States where they fetch a …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …”

k Submission of support programmes S. 381-383

„… 479/20082. 1 Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …” „… the common organisation of the market in wine as regards support programmes, trade with third …”

z Cross-compliance S. 404-406

„… where chaptalised wines would no longer fall under the common market organisation for wine, and thus …” „… rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in …” „… April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC …”

Circumvention clause S. 861-863

„… information necessary for the application of this Regulation or for market monitoring and analysis and for …” „… enshrined in Art. 4(3) TEU. Besides monitoring the agricultural markets, the Commission depends on the …” „… the market but, in essence, burned on the fields. Spain unsuccessfully argued that the EU provisions …”

Industrial sugar S. 230-232

„… the Commission.17 However, if in future the world market price reaches a level corresponding to the EU …” „… organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p. 1. Sect. II Subsect. II Quota overrun Art. 62 …” „… common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector, OJ 2006 L 58, p. 1. Sect. II Subsect. II Quota …”

u Exemptions S. 321-323

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

a Classification of wine grape varieties S. 516-518

„… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …”

ANNEX XIV MARKETING STANDARDS FOR PRODUCTS OF THE EGGS AND POULTRYMEAT SECTORS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 116 S. 955-957

„… public market or by door-to-door selling in the region of production of the Member State concerned. Where …” „… establish, according to national law, the definition of the terms ‘local public market’, ‘door-to-door …” „… the final consumer on a local public market in the region of production of the Member State concerned …”

Payment of subscription by non-members S. 580-583

„… Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine, OJ …” „… account being taken of the market situation and to encourage changes in economic behaviour.3 The 5th …” „… 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

b Recognition S. 551-554

„… accounting management of their activities; and (g) they do not hold a dominant position on a given market …” „… Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organization of the market in fruit …” „… association does not hold a dominant position on a given market unless this is necessary in pursuance of the …”

Imports of hemp S. 703-706

„… the markets in flax and hemp grown for fibre, OJ 2008 L 149, p. 38. 2 Council Regulation (EC) No …” „… on the common organisation of the market in flax and hemp, OJ 1970 L 146, p. 1. 4 Council Regulation …” „… (EC) No 1673/2000 of 27 July 2000 on the common organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for …”

b Operational funds S. 352

„… vegetable markets and shall cover in this context: (a) market withdrawal; (b) green harvesting or …”

w Complementary national aid S. 324

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 183/2009 of 6 March 2009 amending Annex VI to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards the adjustment of the quotas for the 2009/2010 marketing year in the sugar sector S. 1032

„… of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… Agricultural Markets, … 9. COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 435/2009 of 26 May 2009 amending Annex I to Council …”

m Protection S. 487-490

„… noted earlier5; 1 Council Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine …” „… from placing in the market wine products unlawfully bearing a DO or a GI8. 6 The protection shall apply …” „… . 118s. 3 http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission …”

y Compulsory particulars S. 504-507

„… April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/ 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… market organisation had to be changed in order to avoid any confusion with customs language and the …”

a Transitional rules in the fruit and vegetables and the processed fruit and vegetables sectors S. 890-893

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

e Implementing measures S. 307

„… The transitional planting right regime predates the reform of 2008. Under the common market …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

Tariff quotas S. 675

„… Community market and the need to safeguard the equilibrium of that market. Article 145 Opening of tariff …”

Opening of tariff quotas S. 675

„… Community market and the need to safeguard the equilibrium of that market. Article 145 Opening of tariff …”

t Fees S. 496

„… of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003, (EC) No …” „… , p. 1. 1 [Art. 118u] Council Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in …”

Articles 19 to 24 (repealed) S. 95

„… place in such a way as to avoid any disturbance of the market, to ensure equal access to the goods and …” „… intervention. They are the following: – Avoidance of any disturbance of the market; – Ensuring equal access to …”

Articles 14 to 17 (repealed) S. 90

„… intervention may be fixed per, Member State or region of a Member State on the basis of recorded average market …” „… beef and veal, than the average market price recorded in a Member State or a region of a Member State …”

l De minimis S. 315

„… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

w Definition S. 502

„… ) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

Commentary on Arts 165, 166 S. 734

„… organization of the market in cereals.1 2Art. 165 sCMO provides for the export refund applicable in the first …” „… common organization of the market in cereals, OJ 1992 L 181, p. 21. Sect. II Export refunds Art. 167 van …”

Implementing rules in respect of agreements and concerted practices in the fruit and vegetables and tobacco sectors S. 795

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …”

Exchange of information between the Member States and the Commission S. 861

„… information necessary for the application of this Regulation or for market monitoring and analysis and for …” „… enshrined in Art. 4(3) TEU. Besides monitoring the agricultural markets, the Commission depends on the …”

t Cross-compliance S. 321

„… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …” „… (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

x Implementing measures S. 324-325

„… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

m Notification and repeal of the extension of rules S. 574-575

„… Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organization of the market in fruit and …” „… common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ No 297 L 297, p. 1. 2 Cfr. von Rintelen …”

Import licences S. 624-625

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… import licences for the management of the markets concerned and, in particular, for monitoring the …”

a Aid to producer groups S. 351-352

„… vegetable markets and shall cover in this context: (a) market withdrawal; (b) green harvesting or …”

c Operational programmes S. 352-353

„… vegetable markets and shall cover in this context: (a) market withdrawal; (b) green harvesting or …”

j Extension of rules of associations of producer organisations S. 566-567

„… cost of research, market studies and sales promotion undertaken by the organisation or association and …” „… market in the fruit and vegetables as regards producers’ organizations, OJ 1983 L 325, p. 1. Art. 125k …”

h New planting rights S. 310-311

„… organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …”

Guaranteed quantity S. 326-327

„… 1786/2003 on the common organisation of the market in dried fodder, OJ 2005 L 61, p. 4. 3 Council Regulation …” „… (EC) No 1786/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in dried fodder, OJ L …”

d Application for protection relating to a geographical area in a third country S. 474-475

„… applications4. 1 Council Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine …” „… Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

o Designation of competent control authority S. 490-491

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down certain detailed …” „… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/index_en.htm. Art. 118p Part II Title II Ch. I Marketing standards and conditions for the production 490 Jimeno …”

q Amendments to product specifications S. 493-494

„… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003, (EC) No …” „… Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

g Methods of analysis S. 524-525

„… obtaining statistical information on the markets in the products referred to in Article 115; (d) as regards …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2008 L …”

n Financial contributions of non-members S. 575-576

„… common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ No 297 L 297, p. 1. 2 Cfr. von Rintelen …” „… markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2009 L …”

Export refund adjustment for cereals S. 733-734

„… included in Art. 13(8) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 on the common organization of the market in …” „… Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 of 30 June 1992 on the common organization of the market in cereals …”

Application of Articles 87, 88 and 89 of the Treaty S. 795-796

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …” „… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …”

Transitional rules S. 889-890

„… before the adoption of Regulation (EC) No 1234/20071, laid down specific market Regulations in these …” „… agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation), OJ …”

ANNEX XII DEFINITIONS AND DESIGNATIONS IN RESPECT OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 114(1) S. 952-953

„… manner of placing on the market; (b) ‘designation’ means the name used at all stages of marketing. II …” „… Member States shall report to the Commission on developments in the market in milk products and competing …”

ANNEX XVIa EXHAUSTIVE LIST OF RULES THAT MAY BE EXTENDED TO NONMEMBER PRODUCERS PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 125F AND ARTICLE 125L S. 964-965

„… according to intended destination (fresh market/industrial processing); (b) thinning in orchards. 3 …” „… by-products and used material; (e) rules concerning products withdrawn from the market. XVI.a LIST OF RULES …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 470/2008 of 26 May 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 as regards the transfer of tobacco aid to the Community Tobacco Fund for the years 2008 and 2009 and Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 with regard to financing of the Community Tobacco Fund S. 1021-1022

„… establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Implementing rules S. 330-331

„… Council Regulation (EC) No 1673/2000 on the common organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for …” „… organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for fibre, OJ 2000 L 193, p. 16. That Regulation was …”

o Single Payment Scheme and support to vine-growers S. 386-387

„… market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/ 2005, (EC) No …” „… mentioned provision. Article 103p Promotion on third-country markets 1. Support under this Article shall …”

b Definitions S. 467-472

„… the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No …” „… large extent of national interests pending the consolidation of a fully-fledged common market …” „… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

Introduction to Chapter I of Part IV S. 778-779

„… amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on …” „… 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain …”

Entry into force S. 893-896

„… of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …” „… certain market mechanisms in time. These systems of fading out (sometimes also discussed as “soft landing …”

Community origin S. 65-67

„… Access to these two market management measures has been limited to products originating in the Union …” „… . 27(1) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organization of the market …”

Aids to operator organisations S. 349-351

„… more of the following areas: (a) the market follow-up and administrative management in the olive oil …” „… organisation of the market in olive oil and table olives, OJ 2004 L 161, p. 97. 4 Cfr. Recital 44 of Regulation …”

c Content of applications for protection S. 472-474

„… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …” „… . 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No …”

p Verification of compliance with specifications S. 491-493

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/index_en.htm. Art. 118p Part II Title II Ch. I Marketing standards and conditions for the production 490 Jimeno …” „… organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003, (EC) No …”

Tariff rates for bananas S. 690-692

„… times since 1993, when Council Regulation (EEC) No 404/933 established a Common Market Organization for …” „… February 1993 on the common organization of the market in bananas, OJ 1993 L 47, p. 1. 4 See Recital 10 of …”

Adoption of standards, implementing rules and derogations S. 525-528

„… the taking of samples; (iv) detailed rules for obtaining statistical information on the markets in the …” „… common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products …”

Implementing rules S. 765-769

„… placing on the market of a third country complies with the relevant requirements of food law ” unless …” „… and the circumstances in which the food or feed concerned could not be placed on the market in the …”

ANNEX XXII CORRELATION TABLES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 202 S. 979-1015

„… a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural …” „… until the end of 2007/2008 marketing year. Nevertheless, in view of the favourable trends on the market …” „… innovative products and their market outlets, application of this aid should be extended until the end of the …”

Issue of licences S. 625

„… management of the markets concerned and, in particular, for monitoring the imports of the products in …”

Validity S. 625

„… management of the markets concerned and, in particular, for monitoring the imports of the products in …”

Aid to be granted to silkworm rearers S. 413

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm tion of Agricultural Markets6. Currently, the detailed …”

ANNEX XIb CATEGORIES OF GRAPEVINE PRODUCTS S. 946-952

„… . Operators from a third country wishing to place on the Community market meat as referred to in paragraph 1 …” „… on the market; (b) ‘designation’ means the name used at all stages of marketing. II. Use of the term …”

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 S. 887

„… referred to in Article 1a of this Regulation which form an integral part of a national market organisation …”

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 S. 887

„… referred to in Article 1a of this Regulation which form an integral part of a national market organisation …”

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 2201/96 S. 887

„… referred to in Article 1a of this Regulation which form an integral part of a national market organisation …”

f National framework and national strategy for operational programmes S. 355

„… strategy for sustainable operational programmes in the fruit and vegetable market. Such a strategy shall …”

Implementing rules S. 643

„… agricultural market, INRA, 2003; Lyons, EC Customs Law, Oxford University Press, 2008. Contents: I. General …”

g Scrutiny by the Commission S. 477

„… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

h Objection procedure S. 477

„… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

n Register S. 490

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down certain detailed …”

Conditions and aid-level for cheese (repealed) S. 107

„… may amend the list of products laid down in point (c) of the first subparagraph if the market …”

Rules for tendering procedures S. 114

„… basic principles for tendering procedures used for the application of one of the market intervention …”

a Additional aid S. 330

„… Council Regulation (EC) No 1673/2000 on the common organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for …”

r Cancellation S. 494

„… Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

Calculation of import duties for husked basmati rice S. 654

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …”

Calculation of import duties for milled rice S. 654

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …”

Construction of references S. 889

„… before the adoption of Regulation (EC) No 1234/20071, laid down specific market Regulations in these …”

b Transitional rules in the wine sector S. 893

„… of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO …”

c Association of producer organisations in the fruit and vegetables sector S. 554-555

„… association does not hold a dominant position on a given market unless this is necessary in pursuance of the …”

f Preliminary national procedure S. 476-477

„… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

Applicability of the tariff classification S. 694-695

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Contribution of producers to the surplus levy due S. 287-288

„… 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets …”

Eligibility S. 328-329

„… placed the fibres obtained on the market, the aid shall be granted to the farmers. In cases where the …”

Guaranteed quantity S. 329-330

„… Council Regulation (EC) No 1673/2000 on the common organisation of the markets in flax and hemp grown for …”

e Applicants S. 475-476

„… common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No. 1493/1999, (EC) No. 1782/2003 …”

v Protection S. 499-500

„… ] Council Regulation (EC) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending …”

Implementing rules S. 583-586

„… (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

Implementing rules S. 411-413

„… Agricultural Markets6. Currently, the detailed rules are laid down in Commission Regulation No 917/2004. The …”

a National aid for distillation of wine in cases of crisis S. 798-799

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

ANNEX XVb RESTRICTIONS S. 962-963

„… put on the market only for the manufacture of liqueur wines only in the wine-growing regions where …”

Intervention centres S. 114-116

„… basic principles for tendering procedures used for the application of one of the market intervention …”

Cases of inactivity S. 264-266

„… market a quantity equal to at least 85 % of their individual quota during at least one twelve-month …”

Amounts paid in excess or unpaid S. 294-296

„… surplus producers, this would constitute a state aid that would not be compatible with the common market …”

c Oenological practices and restrictions S. 520-522

„… , point B of the Proposal for a Council Regulation on the common organisation of the market in wine and …”

Common provisions concerning producer and interbranch organisations S. 544-546

„… of the market places an obligation on the Member States to refrain from taking any measure which may …”

Temporary transfers S. 266-268

„… market value. 4 Some producers systematically exceed their quota by a small amount and therefore seek to …”

j Homonyms S. 480-482

„… are located in different countries to identify products placed on the same market. 2 In principle, the …”

Specific national provisions S. 796-798

„… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific …”

ANNEX V COMMUNITY SCALES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF CARCASSES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 42 S. 927-930

„… market prices, a different presentation may be set out in accordance with the procedure referred to in …”

Management of tariff quotas opened by third countries S. 769-771

„… organisation of the market in milk and milk products, OJ 1999 L 160, p. 48. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

ANNEX XIa MARKETING OF THE MEAT OF BOVINE ANIMALS AGED 12 MONTHS OR LESS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 113B S. 943-946

„… Article 113b and this Annex. 2. Operators from a third country wishing to place on the Community market …”

i Decision on protection S. 477-480

„… ) No. 479/2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No …”

ANNEX III DEFINITIONS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 2(1) S. 921-926

„… / isoglucose equivalents. In order to avoid restrictions on the market for products with low sweetening power …”

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VRÜ | WCL Volume 17 (1984) Issue 4 ISSN Online: 2941-9603

Results in this title

China Market Publishing Corporation (Hrsg.) Collection of Laws and Regulations of China Concerning Foreign Economic and Trade Relations S. 552-553

E.U. Petersmann The Changing Structure of International Economic Law. On a Recent Book by P. VerLoren van Themaat S. 503-522

„… redistributive conceptions of njust prices« or of cartelistic market-sharing agreements . A liberal and …” „… , environ mental pollution or the law of the sea, which often cannot be solved by market mechanisms alone …” „… solved by relying on market forces? e) To wh at extent have private individuals and Transnational …”

Carlos J. Moneta The Malvinas Conflict: Some Elements for an Analysis of the Argentinian Military Regime´s Decision-Making Process (1976-1983) S. 457-473

„… financial market, closely connected with international financial capital . In order that it be …” „… Tierra de Fuego . As far as trade is concerned, the project promotes a diversification of markets, in …” „… increasing the importance of hitherto secondary markets (Japan and specially the USSR and Socialist Europe …”

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