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Ulrich Becker, Armin Hatje, Michael Potacs, Nina Wunderlich - Verfassung und Verwaltung in Europa

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Ulrich Becker (ed.), Armin Hatje (ed.), Michael Potacs (ed.), Nina Wunderlich (ed.)

Verfassung und Verwaltung in Europa

2014

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Ziller Jacques Hierarchy of Norms: Hierarchy of Sources and General Principles in European Union Law S. 334-352

„… hierarchy, even though in practice it may lead to blur the lines of that hierarchy.The Rank of Case-lawWhat …” „… Hierarchy of Norms: Hierarchy of Sources and General Principlesin European Union LawJacques …” „… ZillerNovel Issues of Hierarchy and of General Principles in European UnionLawThere does not seem to be any …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… der Berufsfreiheit gemäß Artikel 15 derGrundrechtecharta 304Nina WunderlichHierarchy of Norms …” „… : Hierarchy of Sources and General Principles inEuropean Union Law 334Jacques ZillerII. Europäisches …”

Galetta Diana-Urania European Court of Justice and preliminary reference procedure today: national judges, please behave! S. 680-697

„… within the Community. It doesnot create a hierarchy between national courts and the Court of Justice”.In …”

Birkinshaw Patrick The United Kingdom in Europe and Europe in the United Kingdom – an Indelible Influence? S. 17-42

„… asking ‘Who’s boss now?’ Lawyers take comfortfrom hierarchy. The judgments starting with Factortame have …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845255774

Robert C. Marshall - Cooperation in Economy and Society

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Robert C. Marshall (ed.)

Cooperation in Economy and Society

2010

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PART II. COOPERATION AND HIERARCHY S. 105-172

„… IICOOPERATION AND HIERARCHY10_460_Marshall_Finals.indb 105 9/21/10 11:04 AM10_460 …” „… cooperation is vital to relations of conflict and hierarchy in contract hog operations. Cooperation is a …” „… conquest of the Asante Confederacy, British au-thorities dismantled the hierarchy of chiefly officials and …”

Preface

„… . Hutson, Bruce H. Dahlin, and Daniel MazeauPart II: Cooperation and Hierarchy5 Cooperation in Conflict …” „… , Conflict, and Hierarchy in Ancient Near Eastern Marginal Environments 149Benjamin W. PorterPart III …” „… counterposition of market and hierarchy requires at least some nonmarket processes within hierarchies. March (1966 …”

Index S. 279-290

„… . See also hierarchyElster, Jon, 262encomienda system, 61endogeneity, 40Energreen, 206enforcement of …” „… , 68–69stratification. See hierarchySuccessful Farming, 227Sugden, Robert, 265Sun-Maid Raisin Growers of …” „… , 241–42; redistribution and hierarchy, 93. See also reciprocitydiversification of livelihood among …”

PART I. COOPERATION AND COMPETITION S. 1-104

„… of Human Evolution 29:275–299.Boehm, C. 1999. Hierarchy in the Forest: The Evolution of Egalitarian …” „… prosocial behavior is low in a society characterized by hierarchy and force. Nepotistic relationships …”

PART III. COOPERATION AND COOPERATIVES S. 173-236

„… illustrates that cooperation can coexist with individualism, competition, and hierarchy. The catadores on the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780759119833

A. Neelameghan, K.S. Raghavan - Categories, Contexts and Relations in Knowledge Organization

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A. Neelameghan (ed.), K.S. Raghavan (ed.)

Categories, Contexts and Relations in Knowledge Organization

Series: Advances in Knowledge Organization

Volume 13 2012

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Pierre Tirilly, Charles-Antoine Julien Random Walks for Subject Hierarchy Simplification S. 117-123

„… , Canada Random Walks for Subject Hierarchy Simplification Abstract Although subject hierarchies are …” „… among the nodes. A random walk algorithm simulates the route of a user within the hierarchy, under the …” „… . 1http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ 118 Fig. 1: Example of a subject hierarchy represented as a …”

Charles-Antoine Julien, Pierre Tirilly, John E. Leide and Catherine Guastavino. Using the LCSH Hierarchy to Browse a Collection S. 109-116

„… Using the LCSH Hierarchy to Browse a Collection Abstract The Library of Congress Subject Headings …” „… in its subset of the LCSH hierarchy in order to facilitate LCSH browsing as well as information …” „… string from the authority records, and build their specific LCSH hierarchy. The resulting subset of LCSH …”

Leonard Will The ISO 25975 Data Model for the Structure of an Information Retrieval Thesaurus S. 284-290

„… used to label them but rather by their place in a hierarchy and by scope notes which specify the …” „… Each concept can have a pointer linking it to the concept at the top of any hierarchy in which it …” „… strictly speaking redundant, because top concepts could be identified by navigating up the hierarchy until …”

T. Padmavathy, M. Krishnamurthy Ontological Representation of Knowledge for Developing Information Services in Food Science and Technology S. 145-152

„… of the given document (article) in the collection Source Published Classes and their Hierarchy …” „… class hierarchy. Most of the remaining terms are properties of these classes. We organized the classes …” „… into a hierarchical taxonomy ( Table 2). Table 2: Classes and their hierarchy in the FSWKB Ontology …”

Michael Shepherd, Tara Sampalli Ontology as Boundary Object S. 131-137

„… concept–term relations such as the synonyms. It is a class hierarchy with extensive overlap of classes. The …” „… of a boundary object among multiple communities of practice through its class hierarchy with …” „… Terminologies in clinical notes SNOMED CT® concepts (hierarchy) and concept ID Fatigue, low energy, very …”

Vera Dodebei, Miriam Gontijo, Evelyn Orrico Knowledge Representation by Social identity Categories: The Brazilian Institute for Web Science Research, A Case Study S. 366-367

„… System), where the facets of law will be in an ontological semantic matrix with relational hierarchy of …” „… facets. Here the ‘relational’ hierarchy means the thesaurus like structure of the facets, where they are …”

Eduardo Ismael Murguia, Rodrigo de Sales CNPq‟s Knowledge Area Table as a Knowledge and Power Apparatus S. 183-189

„… Science and Archival Science in the Table‟s hierarchy. This led to a demand to promote …” „… longer an Aristotelian vision translated into rhetoric hierarchy, but a dynamic and modern effort to …” „… research and academic work. KAT/CNPq‟s classifying relations establish hierarchy among the different areas …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Charles-Antoine Julien, Pierre Tirilly, John. E. Leide and Catherine Guastavino. 109 Using the LCSH Hierarchy to …” „… Subject Hierarchy 117 Simplification Benildes Coura Moreira dos Santos Maculan and 124 Gercina Ângela …”

M. Cristina Pattuelli, Sara Rubinow Charting DBpedia: Towards a Cartography of a Major Linked Dataset S. 75-82

„… shallow class hierarchy of 320 classes created by manually deriving 170 classes from the most popular …” „… hierarchy. As Damova et al. (2010) point out, inconsistencies are shown, for example, in the degree of …”

Benildes Coura Moreira dos Santos Maculan, Gercina Ângela Borém de Oliveira Lima Faceted Taxonomy as Mechanism for Browsing and Accessing Digital Libraries of Thesis and Dissertations: A Case Study S. 124-130

„… traditional sense, presents a domain in the form of a simple hierarchy. A faceted taxonomy is capable of …” „… , organized in the form of browsable links, in which there is a hierarchy of facets and sub-facets under each …”

Christopher S.G. Khoo Dong Zhang, Mi Wang and Xin Jie Yun. Subject Organization in Three Types of Information Resources: An Exploratory Study S. 83-89

„… deep hierarchy (with a few main categories and many levels of subcategories), and prefer the main …” „… information websites, and the hierarchy of hyperlinks from Web directories. From a preliminary analysis of …”

Rick Szostak The Basic Concepts Classification S. 24-30

„… should be handled by the creation of a hierarchy of subject headings, and „qualification‟ (everything …” „… . Subdivision occurs logically. Existing classification systems often abuse hierarchy by including e.g …”

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE S. 395-398

„… , 169, 170, 172 Subject analysis, 242 hierarchy, 117 indexing irt Images, 345, 353 …”

Renato Rocha Souza, Flávio Codeço Coelho, Suemi Higuchi The CPDOC Semantic Portal: Applying Semantic and Knowledge Organization Systems to the Brazilian Contemporary History Domain S. 262-266

„… a rich set of navigational options: concept or hierarchy based navigation, and also full-text …”

Joseph T. Tennis Facets and Fugit Tempus: Considering Time‟s Effect on Faceted Classification Schemes S. 58-62

„… class number) would fall into place in the hierarchy and the systematic arrangement of classes that is …”

Maja Žumer, Marcia Lei Zeng, Joan S. Mitchell FRBRizing KOS Relationships: Applying the FRBR Model to Versions of the DDC S. 190-194

„… expression. The item entity is the last entity in the abstraction hierarchy and reflects the actual copies …”

Kavi Mahesh, Pallavi Karanth A Novel Knowledge Organization Scheme for the Web: Superlinks with Semantic Roles S. 90-95

„… an uncontrolled vocabulary with no single acceptable hierarchy of well-defined concepts. The …”

Shu-jiun Chen, Marcia Lei Zeng, Hsueh-hua Chen Alignment of Conceptual Structures in Controlled Vocabularies in the Domain of Chinese Art – A Discussion of Issues and Patterns S. 249-255

„… ) l l MATERIALS FACET Materials(Hierarchy Name) materials(matter)

Birger Hjorland Is Knowledge Organization = Information Organization? S. 8-14

„… traditional topics from KO, such as hierarchy, folksonomies, metadata, thesauri, and faceted classification …”

Melodie J. Fox Communities of Practice, Gender and Social Tagging S. 352-358

„… the others do not have a comparable hierarchy. Genre was divided into two levels. Such terms as …”

L. Hajibayova, E. K. Jacob A Theoretical Framework for Operationalizing Basic Level Categories in Knowledge Organization Research S. 159-165

„… well as its placement in the original hierarchy, demonstrated that equivalence across systems occurred …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783956504402

Margit Vanberg - Competition and Cooperation Among Internet Service Providers

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Margit Vanberg

Competition and Cooperation Among Internet Service Providers

Series: Freiburger Studien zur Netzökonomie

Volume 14 2009

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History of the Internet hierarchy S. 42-45

„… willing toaccept a limited interconnectivity service.3.3 History of the Internet hierarchyIn the NSFNET …” „… continued to endorse the network hierarchy that had existed previously. Financial support could bereceived …” „… general hierarchy structure of the Internet, which interpretrouting data available, for instance, from the …”

The implicit price for peered interconnection S. 119-122

„… highest level of the Internet hierarchy will agree to enter into apeering contract. Peering on the …” „… top-level of the Internet hierarchy is a trustworthyjob. The interconnection hierarchy of the Internet is …” „… Internet hierarchy is only entered into with interconnection partners consideredtrustworthy.In conclusion …”

Developments in network interconnection S. 39-42

„… History of the Internet hierarchyIn the NSFNET era, the NSFNET was the single wide-area backbone network …” „… emerging “network of networks” consisted of three hierarchy levels: (1) the national backbone capacity of …” „… providers. With this development the direct interconnections between networks on lower hierarchy levels …”

Terms and conditions of Internet interconnection today S. 56-61

„… middle networklevels of the Internet hierarchy may have several interconnection agreements, butthey must …” „… . The three-tier hierarchy of the Internet is explained. Furthermore, both the technical and the …” „… Internet hierarchy to ISPs active on lowerlevels. Upon closer examination it was shown that the services …”

Conclusions S. 61

„… development of network interconnection between ISPs. The three-tier hierarchy of the Internet is explained …” „… betweenISPs active on the Tier-1 level of the Internet hierarchy to ISPs active on lowerlevels. Upon closer …”

The Crémer, Rey and Tirole model S. 122-125

„… 122the Internet hierarchy is only entered into with interconnection partners …” „… meet thenetwork requirements necessary to peer with several ISPs of higher hierarchy levels.Peering is …” „… ISPs not activeon the highest level of the Internet hierarchy need at least one transit agreement witha …”

Short history of the Internet S. 34-37

„… origins of theInternet hierarchy. Section 3.4 describes the TCP/IP protocol, and section 3.5 recapitulates …” „… .• How did the present hierarchy between ISPs evolve? This aspect of Internethistory is looked into in …”

Collusion on the Tier-1 level S. 129-132

„… hierarchy is in focus. For instance, for Internet interconnection via peering it is true that there is no …” „… , do not correspond as well to the market for Internet backbone services on the highest hierarchy level …”

Index S. 185-187

„… 24Internet hierarchy 34,42f., 60,121,131Internet service provision 24ff.- applications layer of …”

Conclusions S. 132-133

„… effectively hinder Tier-1 ISPs fromdiscriminating ISPs on lower levels of the Internet hierarchy. The …”

Packet-switching research S. 45-46

„… hierarchy have changed over time and are always subject tofurther change.32 The case of nuclear war was also …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… of the Internet hierarchy 423.4 Design and development of the TCP/IP Protocol 453.4.1 …”

Computer networking S. 37-39

„… hierarchy between ISPs evolve? This aspect of Internethistory is looked into in section 3.3.• Where did the …”

Network effects in Internet service provision S. 115-117

„… on lower hierarchy levels (collective dominance). Section 7.5concludes the chapter.7.1 Network …”

Analyzing the cost characteristics of the logical layer of the Internet S. 81-84

„… their place in the network hierarchy(see section 3.4.4 on routing above). Investments into routers …”

Compatibility standards S. 111-114

„… the specialized functions higher up in the technological hierarchy. With this view, standardization …”

Summary S. 167-171

„… focus on the development of networkinterconnection between ISPs. The three-tier hierarchy of the …”

References S. 177-184

„… (2002), Characterizing the InternetHierarchy From Multiple Vantage Points, IEEE Infocom, New York, NY …”

Critique of the model by Crémer, Rey and Tirole and alternative modeling S. 125-129

„… beincreased significantly by coordination on the lower hierarchy levels. Elixmann andScanlan (2002: 111) argue …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845212906

Astrid Epiney, Marcel Haag, Andreas Heinemann - Die Herausforderung von Grenzen - Le défi des frontières - Challenging boundaries

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Astrid Epiney (ed.), Marcel Haag (ed.), Andreas Heinemann (ed.)

Die Herausforderung von Grenzen - Le défi des frontières - Challenging boundaries

2007

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Alison McDonnell The Hierarchy of Norms in EU Law – Empowering and controlling the Commission S. 372-386

„… 372 The Hierarchy of Norms in EU Law – Empowering and controlling the Commission Alison McDonnell …” „… * Alison McDonnell The Hierarchy of Norms in EU Law A. Introduction Ten years ago, at a time when academic …” „… writings on the hierarchy of norms in Community law were few and far between, the article on this subject …”

Martin Killias The European Arrest Warrant – How Efficiency Led to Ignore Diversity S. 801-811

„… hierarchy of harmed interests (life at one end of the scale, with rules of conduct at the other end), the …” „… than individuals ranking lower in the hierarchy. The real problem is not the relative ranking on the …”

Anne Peters Typology, Utility and Legitimacy of European Soft Law S. 405-428

„… Gemeinschaftsrechts/ The Dynamics of EC-law, 1997; Roland Bieber/Isabelle Salomé, Hierarchy of Norms in European Law …” „… unwanted connotations of coercion and hierarchy, which may in political terms, be inopportune. Second …” „… and the option of judicial enforcement makes the shadow of hierarchy darker in EC-law than in public …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-20

„… 356 Alison McDonnell The Hierarchy of Norms in EU Law – Empowering and controlling the Commission 372 …”

Bibliographie Roland Bieber S. 857-865

„… Verwaltungsblatt, 1996, p. 1337-1342. 90. Hierarchy of Norms in European Law (avec Salomé), Common Market Law …”

Kieran St. C. Bradley Delegated Legislation and Parliamentary Supervision in the European Community S. 286-301

„… , paragraphs 9 and 10. 2 Roland Bieber and Isabelle Salomé, Hierarchy of Norms in European Law, CMLRev, 1996 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845204802

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