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Eleni Trova, Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris - The Olympic Games of the European Union

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Eleni Trova, Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris

The Olympic Games of the European Union

2011

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Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sporting Games and the theory of the Games S. 17

„… ?of?international?conflictsand?symbolisms.?Perhaps,?Athens?constituted?a?chance?of?particular?importance?forthe?development?of?ideas?in?the?body?of?Europe?and?in?front?of?the?eyes?of?billionsof?tele-spectators.?The?IOC?gave?this?opportunity?to?Athens?and?to?Europe?at?difficult?times?and?during?exceptionally?sad?historical?conflicts?in?the?area.Sporting Games and the theory of the …” „… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …” „… ?Those?Games?cannot?be?reallycharacterized?as?Games?of?power,?but?mainly?as?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Bibliography S. 285-299

„… G.,?Dovotion?to?John?Nash,?Theory?of?Games,?Euroasia,?2002Kousoulis S. / Malatos A.,?Sports?Legislation?(In?Greek),?Ant.?Sakkoulas,?Athens-Komotini …” „… .von Neumann J./Morgenstern O.,?Theory?of?Games …” „… Th.,?Restrictions?on?Personal?Rights?because?of?the?organisation?of?Olympic?Games,?inKlamaris?N./?Bredimas?A./?Malatos?A.,?Olympic?Games?and?Law,?Ant.N.Sakkoulas?PublishersAthens-?Komotini?2005,?p.165.Avlonitis G./Ladias S.,?Ambush?Marketing?and?the?Olympic?Games?“Athens?2004 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The human body, the international society and the fair play of history S. 18-25

„… ?firstly?to?the?ascertainment?of?the?pluralism?of?the?rules?whichexpresses?the?different?sources?of?authority;?but?also?sources?without?the?element23 For?the?theory?of?the?games,?among?many?others,?von Neumann J./Morgenstern O.,?Theoryof?Games …” „… G.,?Devotion?to?John?Nash,?Theory?of?Games?(in?Greek),?Euroasia,Athens?2002,?Huizinga J., ?Homo?Ludens:?A?Study?of?the?Play?Element?in?Culture?,?Paladin,Suffolk?1970.24 …” „… Chapter?1The historical and ideological background of the Olympic GamesThe human body, the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The importance of sporting events for the international procedures S. 16-17

„… ?of?international?conflictsand?symbolisms.?Perhaps,?Athens?constituted?a?chance?of?particular?importance?forthe?development?of?ideas?in?the?body?of?Europe?and?in?front?of?the?eyes?of?billionsof?tele-spectators.?The?IOC?gave?this?opportunity?to?Athens?and?to?Europe?at?difficult?times?and?during?exceptionally?sad?historical?conflicts?in?the?area.Sporting Games and the theory of the …” „… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …” „… proceduresOlympic?Games?have?been?closely?linked?with?the?political?and?historical?evolutionsince?the?period?when?the?Delphi?Oracle?consulted?Ifitos,?the?king?of?Elis,?in?776BC,to?organize?sporting?and?cultural?games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Game with its rules-tests of legal pluralism S. 17

„… ?of?international?conflictsand?symbolisms.?Perhaps,?Athens?constituted?a?chance?of?particular?importance?forthe?development?of?ideas?in?the?body?of?Europe?and?in?front?of?the?eyes?of?billionsof?tele-spectators.?The?IOC?gave?this?opportunity?to?Athens?and?to?Europe?at?difficult?times?and?during?exceptionally?sad?historical?conflicts?in?the?area.Sporting Games and the theory of the …” „… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …” „… ?Those?Games?cannot?be?reallycharacterized?as?Games?of?power,?but?mainly?as?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Host City Contract and the Olympic Charter S. 90-95

„… GamesThe?exercise?of?power?by?contract?is?a?governance?especially?popular?in?modernlegal?thought131 …” „… .?The?Olympic?Movement?has?adopted?the?contractual?action?as?animplementation?of?the?theory?of?the?social?contract132?and?has?created?the?conditionsto?advan …” „… ?Host?City?is?found,?as?well?as?with?a?special?and?independent?legal?person,?the?Organizing?Committee?of?the?Olympic?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The rule of law and the fair play S. 77-79

„… ?A?),?which?approved?the?regulations?of?procurements?and?of?designs-services?of?the?Organizing?Committee?of?the?Olympic?Games …” „… ,it?concerns?games?or?sports,?not?subjects?of?law.Extremely?interesting?as?to?the?relation?between?the?two?principles?is?the?caselaw?of?the?Swiss?Federal?Court,?which?has?repeatedly?ruled?on?the?relation?betweenrules?of?games?and?rules?of?law.?Obviously,?that?resulted?from?the?increased?interestof? the?Swiss? legal?order? in?sports?activity?and?from …” „… ? legal?order?aims?atregulating?property?or?financial?relations?or?relations?bearing?on?the?personality?andnot?relations?bearing?on?games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… The?importance?of?sporting?events?for?the?international?procedures 16Sporting?Games?and?the?theory?of?the?Games 17The?Game?with?its?rules-tests?of?legal?pluralism 17 …” „… Olympic Games of the European UnionNomosBUT_Skouris_6372-9.indd 3 27.09.11 09:451. Auflage 2011 …” „… Introduction 15The?hosting?of?the?Games,?the?regulations?and?the?institutions 15 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The London 2012 Olympics S. 50-51

„… Olympic?Games?in?a?free?and?Democratic?Country)?and?the?International?Amnestywill?insist?on?pointing?out?the?need?for?human?rights?and?their?violations.47The London 2012 OlympicsOn?the?27th?of?July?1012 …” „… ?the?opening?ceremony?of?the?London?Games …” „… ?Games?were?European?citiesand?in?particular?the?three?of?them?were?cities?of?the?EU.?The?matter?of?the?sub-46 Crabb K.?C./Xiang …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Ad hoc section (ADH) S. 99-100

„… (ADH)If?speed?is?necessary?for?disputes?resolution?is?sport?in?general,?it?seems?to?be?morethan?indispensable?when?disputes?emerge?during?world?events,?such?as?the?OlympicGames.?In?1995?the?IOC,?ICAS?and?CAS?decided?that?during?the?Atlanta?Olympicsan?ad?h …” „… oc?section?of?CAS?should?be?there?in?order?to?face?immediate?potent?disputes.So,?in?Olympic?Games?and?World?Cups?there? is?an?ad?hoc?section?of?the?CAS,competent?to?deal?with?disputes?arising?during?the?Games.170 …” „… ? the?Games?or?during?aperiod?of?ten?days?preceding?the?opening?ceremony?of?the?Games.171?ADH?decisionsare?supposed?to?be?rendered?within?24 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The contemporary exercising body S. 31-33

„… ?Games,?succeeded?in?enhancing?the?fundamentalprinciples?of?the?Enlightenment,?as?were?expressed?in?the?Anglo-Saxon?educationalsystem?of?that?age?as?well?as?the?theory …” „… nomenon?in?theframework?of?the?theory?of?the?games.?Even?though?the?amateur?sport?could?beequalized?to?the?leisure?exercise,?it?would?be?wrong?to?accept?that?the?meaning?ofsport?is?exhausted?in?the?approach?of?games …” „… ? theRousseau’s?theory …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The challenge of the first European Olympic Games S. 51-54

„… mission?of?the?organization?to?the?EU?law?as?well?as?the?one?of?the?harmonic?coexistence?of?Europe?and?sport?is?always?vital.?The?coexistence?of?the?EU?with?thesport?is?a?matter?that?has?bothered?intensely?both?the?theory …” „… ?and?the?communityorgans.?Subsequently,?a?European?dimension?of?sport?constituters?a?matter?whichattracts?the?attention?every?time?that?a?city?of?the?EU?is?to?organize?a?major?sportingevent,?such?as?the?Olympic?Games.?The?Community?Law?as?well?as?the?case?law/jurisprudence?are?now?dealing?with?systematically?with?sport?and?after?the?Bosmanjudgement,? there? have? been?many? judgements …” „… ? firstOlympic?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The commercialization of the Games and the early violations. S. 259-262

„… The commercialization of the Games and the early …” „… violations.At?the?beginning?of?the?revival?of?the?Games …” „… ?himself?was?quite?concerned?about?the?coverageof?the?great?cost?that?the?Games?represented.?George?Averoff?who?donated?$390,000 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova CAS and ECHR S. 100-101

„… ?and?the?operative?part?of?the?decision?(“?dispositif?“?)?can?be?communicated?to?the?parties?before?the?reasons.177178Now,?in?order?to?take?part?in?the?Gam …” „… al?hearing,?the?right?to?rebut?the?opponent’s?case.?In?reality?many?of?these?rightsare?not?applied?by?CAS?and?especially?by?the?ad?hoc?section.?Some?minor?restric-175 Arbitration?Rules?for?the?Olympic?Games,?article?10?and?15,?Schreuer …” „… C.,?The?ICSID?convention:?A?commentary,?Cambridge?University?Press,?Cambridge?2001,?p.893.176 Arbitration?Rules?for?the?Olympic?Games,?ar.15.177 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova European law and Olympic Games S. 152-154

„… ? practices,?whichwould?result?in?the?prevalence?of?the?Treaty?in?all?cases.Apart?from?that,?the?application?of?Community?law?as?a?whole?should?be?considered?self-evident?in?view?of?the?organization?of?the?Olympic?Games …” „… .?Sectors?thatwill?come?under?the?Community?law?are,?inter?alia,?the?status?of?entering?into?publiccontracts,?the?status?of?assessing?environmental?repercussions?and?environmentalprotection,?etc.European law and Olympic GamesOn?the?27th?of?July?2012?the?opening?ceremony?of?the?30 …” „… th?Olympic?Games?willtake?place?in?London.?They?will?be?held?2 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Host City Contract and Olympic Games-the penetration of the Olympic Movement Rules in the national legal orders S. 88-90

„… ?autonomy?of?the?NOCs?is?of?pivotal?importance.In?the?vast?majority?of?the?states?the?NOCs?constitute?a?legal?person?of?privatelaw.?In?the?framework?of?the?Greek?law,?the?Hellenic?Olympic?Committee?recognizes? the? Hellenic? Olympic? Committee? as? a? legal? person? of? public? law? called“Olympic? Games …” „… ?and?the?president?decision?130/2000.The Host City Contract and Olympic Games-the penetration of the OlympicMovement Rules in …” „… ? showtolerance?and?respect?to?the?special?character?of?the?Games?and?have?not?challengedthis?contract.?According?to?the?contract,?the?Organizing?Committee?of?the?OlympicGames?(OCOG),124?the?NOC?and?the?host?city?are?jointly?and?severally?liable?forall?comm …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Addendum S. 165-167

„… ?lawmaking?systems?met?each?other.?Indeed,?this?meeting?acquired?a?special?interest,?because?ofthe?appeal?and?the?wider?dimension?of?sport.In?any?case,?though,?the?Games …” „… of?the?IOC?and?after?an?interesting?hatch?at?the?huge?market?of?the?East?and?especially?the?one?of?China,?the?Games?in?2012 …” „… A./Malatos A.(eds):?Olympic?Games?and?Law,?Ant.N.Sakkoulas?Publcations,?Athens-Komotini,?2003,?Baroutas …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Violence and Sport in International Treaties-The Council of Europe position S. 66-69

„… • Construction?and?organization?of?stadiums?in?a?way?that?could?prevent?fightsamong?spectators.?This?can?be?succeeded?by?splitting?the?fans?of?the?two?teamsand?controlling?strictly?the?tickets?before?the?Game.?Renown?troublemakersshould?be?preventing?from?entering?the?stadium?and?there?should?be?also?a?banon?alcohol?inside?the?stadium.• Social? and …” „… .• Cooperation?among?national?sporting?authorities?in?international?gamesThe?suppressive?measures?should?aim?at?the?apprehension?and?conviction?of?thehooligans?and?should?have?a?criminal?character.?However,?it?is?mentioned?that?theyshould?not?undermine?the?principle?of?the?independence?of?justice.70 …” „… es?ratified?this?Convention?including?Greece?and?England?which?arethe?first?two?cities?that?organize?Games?under?the?absolute?application?of?EC?lawin?sport.In?both?England?and?Greece,?there?is?special?legislation?against?spectator?violence.?In?England?there?is?the?Sporting?Events?(Control?of?Alcohol?etc.)?Act?1985,69 Farantos G.,? Philosophy? I …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The interest of modern states in sport S. 59-60

„… tonomy?of?the?sports?movement?to?a?pivotal?issue.?This?issue?becomes?even?moreacute?in?view?of?a?forthcoming?Olympic?organization?by?a?Member?State?of?theEuropean?Union.?Such?is?the?case?of?Greece,?where?the?Olympic?Games …” „… public?according?to?the?French?public?law?theory …” „… attributes of the Olympic organization – An autonomous legislativeframework for the Olympic GamesThe legal …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The legislative delineation of the principles of the Olympic Charter and consequences thereof. The concept of the Sporting Spirit, of sports traditions and of the Olympic Ideal and fair play S. 71-73

„… ? issue?of?asking?the?NATOassistance?in?the?2012?Games?but? they?decided?that? it?was?rather?early?for?suchdiscussions.The international …” „… ?level?of?international?law,?the?piece?and?security?of?the?Games?constitutes?a?mixture? of?one? ideology?and?one?grant.?After?Munich?and? the?11th …” „… ?legal?approach,?in?so?far?as?they?are?incorporated?into?alegislative?system,?which?converses?with?the?positive?law.From?what?has?been?briefly?said,?it?is?obvious?that?the?Fundamental?Principlesof?the?Olympic?Charter?have?a?political?connotation?and?essence.?It?is?clearly?understood?that?through?the?revival?of?the?Olympic?Games?in?late?19th?century,?the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The legislative regulation of sport in the Greek legal order S. 207-209

„… The?organization?of?the?Games?during?the?Summer?of?2004 …” „… ?highlighted?the?absence?of?the?European?character?of?the?Games …” „… ? rights?and?obligations,?as?well?as?the?issues?pertaining?to?their?organization?and?operation?are?prescribed?by?their?statutes.?Naturally,?the?law?lays?down?a?minimum?frame?of?rulesthat?govern?sports?associations,?as?well?as? the? terms?of?its?acknowledgement?assuch.This?law?was?voted?after?the?Olympic?Games?of?2004 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Community law and sport S. 149-152

„… ): The?Balance?between?the?Game?and?the?Money:?final?report.Professional?sport?in?the?European?Union:?regulation?and?re-regulation,?T.M.C.?Asser?Press,The?Hague,?2000,?Gardiner S./ Boyes …” „… S.,?Governance?of?Sport?:?National,?European?andInternational?Perspectives.?Sports?Law,?Cavendish,?London?2006.319 As?to?broadcasting?rights?for?games …” „… ? practices,?whichwould?result?in?the?prevalence?of?the?Treaty?in?all?cases.Apart?from?that,?the?application?of?Community?law?as?a?whole?should?be?considered?self-evident?in?view?of?the?organization?of?the?Olympic?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The end of amateur sport and the role of the IOC S. 58-59

„… ?allowed?the?participation?of?allathletes?in?the?Olympic?Games,?irrespective?of?whether?they?were?amateurs?or?professionals.?On?the?other?hand,?it?established?a?system?that?allowed?the?Games …” „… The?English?term?Host?City?has?been?adopted?by?the?Olympic?Charter?and?signifies?the?citywhere? the?Olympic?Games?will? take? place,?by?virtue? of?a?contract?with? the …” „… tonomy?of?the?sports?movement?to?a?pivotal?issue.?This?issue?becomes?even?moreacute?in?view?of?a?forthcoming?Olympic?organization?by?a?Member?State?of?theEuropean?Union.?Such?is?the?case?of?Greece,?where?the?Olympic?Games?of?2004will?be?held?in?Athens.The interest of modern states in sportIn?the?20 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport: a defined Community term with international references S. 167-168

„… pressionor?improvement?of?the?physical?condition?and?spiritual?health,?creating?social?relationships?or?succeeding?performances?in?games?of?all?levels”382 …” „… About?this?questioning?see?Skouris P./Trova E.,?From?the?First?Olympic?Games?of?Athensto?the?First?Olympic?Games …” „… t?this?issue,?seethe?website?of?the?British?union?of?philosophy?on?sport?http://www.britishphilosophyofsport.paisley.ac.uk/philsport.html?and?the?website?of?the?international?union?of?the?philosophy?of?sport?http://www.iaps.paisley.ac.uk/newsletter.html.?Also?see?Farantos G.,?Prefaceof?Theory-Philosophy?of?Sport?(in?Greek),?Telethrion?Athens,?1996 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The connection of the rules of the Olympic Movement with the Host City and hence with the legal order of the country that hosts the Olympic Games S. 90

„… GamesThe?exercise?of?power?by?contract?is?a?governance?especially?popular?in?modernlegal?thought131 …” „… .?The?Olympic?Movement?has?adopted?the?contractual?action?as?animplementation?of?the?theory?of?the?social?contract132?and?has?created?the?conditionsto?advan …” „… ?Host?City?is?found,?as?well?as?with?a?special?and?independent?legal?person,?the?Organizing?Committee?of?the?Olympic?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Olympism S. 82-83

„… ? the?goodexample,?and?the?respect?of?the?global?fundamental?moral?principles.As?a?cosmic?theory,?Olympism,?is?based?on?the?position?that?sport?educates?thefair?play?to?people?through?the?respect?of?the?rules?of?playing?the?game …” „… ance?of?the?Olympic?Charter?rules?is?secured?by?aprivate?law?contract?that?is?institutionally?provided?by?it.?Every?city?that?undertakesto?host?the?Olympic?Games …” „… otal?of?the?Olympic?Movement.?Its?structure?comprises?the?fundamental?principles,?the?rules?and?the?amendments?that?the?IOC?adopts.?Special?chapters?regulatematters?that?concern?the?Olympic?movement,?the?IOC,?the?Ifs,?the?NOCs?and?finallythe?Olympic?Games.?It?has?to?be?noted?here?that?it?is?a?very?concise?and?simultaneously?clear?text.110 Greek?law …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport as a means of expression of the freedom of association S. 57-58

„… al?pluralism?in?sports?law,?changing?up?to?a?great?extent?basic?acceptances/positions?of?the?theory:?the?EC?law?claimed?and?gained?its?prevalenceThe legislative framework of sport and its relation to the Olympic organizationSport as a means of …” „… ?allowed?the?participation?of?allathletes?in?the?Olympic?Games,?irrespective?of?whether?they?were?amateurs?or?professionals.?On?the?other?hand,?it?established?a?system?that?allowed?the?Games …” „… The?English?term?Host?City?has?been?adopted?by?the?Olympic?Charter?and?signifies?the?citywhere? the?Olympic?Games?will? take? place,?by?virtue? of?a?contract?with? the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Host City Contract of Athens and the Olympic Charter S. 209-211

„… th?IOCSession.?However,?it?was?expressly?stated?that?any?amendment?thereof?should?prevail.?Therefore,?at?least?in?theory,?the?host?city?contract?obliged?Greece?to?not?perpetrate?any?form?of?discrimination,?to?respect?the?sustainable?development?and?theAgenda?21 …” „… ?SA),?should?beconstituted?and?would?assume,?jointly?and?severally?with?the?two?other?contractingparties,?the?responsibility?to?stage?the?Games …” „… ?for?the?Games?of?the?XXVIII?Olympiad?of?the?year2004 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The historical and ideological background of the Olympic Games S. 18

„… Chapter?1The historical and ideological background of the Olympic GamesThe human body, the …” „… historyCoubertin?mentions?that?“sports?and?Olympic?Games …” „… tal?collection?of?values,?which?beyond?their?naturalexistence?are?developing?via?the?participation?on?sport.?This?principle?comprisesthe?fundamental?values?of?the?modern?theory?of?sport?and?of?the?sport?education?ona?human?basis.4Coubertin?is?also?respons …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Movement Rules: Autonomy and Pluralism. S. 55-57

„… eriod.?Also,?it?hasto?be?pointed?out?that?the?sporting?rules?have?an?indefinite?ambit/scope?They?areabout?the?federation?rules,?the?rules?of?each?game …” „… ? surroundsmodern?sport,?especially?because?of?the?Olympic?Games.?EC?law?acquires?for?thisreason?a?special?interest?too.The?Olympic?Movement,?since? the?moment …” „… ? that?was?founded,?outfitted?withinstitutional?autonomy?and?its?own?regulatory?framework.?Being?fully?aware?of?the“rules?of?playing?the?game …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Nairobi Treaty S. 262-263

„… t?ended?up?with?the?adoption?of?an?international?treaty?whichprotected?the?Olympic?symbol?internationally.?In?theory …” „… ? theOlympic?insignia?is?the?emergence?of?the?ambush?marketing?phenomenon?in?themid?80 s.?This?phenomenon?threatens?the?entire?institution?of?the?Olympic?Games564 IOC?Circular,?March …” „… nown?as?“?parasite”?or?“?guerrilla”?marketing,?was?seen?in?theOlympic?Games …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Movement S. 80-82

„… ? the?goodexample,?and?the?respect?of?the?global?fundamental?moral?principles.As?a?cosmic?theory,?Olympism,?is?based?on?the?position?that?sport?educates?thefair?play?to?people?through?the?respect?of?the?rules?of?playing?the?game …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The International respond S. 135-137

„… tivity,?while?they?are?said?to?eat?lamb?testicles?(?a?kind?of?contemporarytestosterone)?to?enhance?their?capacity.?Inca?Slaves?were,?also,?considered?to?workbetter?after?chewing?coca?leaves.?In?modern?sport?history?doping?was?first?mentioned?in?the?Olympic?Games?of?Sent?Louis?in?1904 …” „… ?when?WADA?revealed?its?anti-doping?Code?in?Copenhagenand?the?Copenhagen?declaration?which?followed?suggested?that?governments,?atleast?in?theory,?supported?WADA’s?efforts.?The?Code?rather?than?being?seen?as?amodel?set?of?regulations,?should?be?viewed?as?a?number?of?basic?requirements?withadditional?recommendations.286 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845233499

May-Britt U. Stumbaum - The European Union and China

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May-Britt U. Stumbaum

The European Union and China

Series: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Volume 2009

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International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis and Multilevel Games: Approaching European Union Foreign Policy S. 30-40

„… decisionmaking process.2.2 International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis and Multilevel Games …” „… (Ginsberg, 2001: 21). Others promote an “eclectic approach to theorybuilding” (White, 2004: 24), welcoming …” „… and the ARF5).The Challenge of European Foreign Policy to International Relations TheoryApproaches in …”

Approaches to European Foreign Policy as a Process: European Foreign Policy Analysis as a Sub-Field of IR S. 40-46

„… “multilevel network theory” on this twolevel game as one of three levels on which foreign policy actors have …” „… ) approaches differ in their willingness to introduce theory. While some analysts are striving to integrate a …” „… twolevelgame serves as a starting point, in the following two models will be introduced that combine the …”

EU Policy-Making Towards the People’s Republic of China – The Puzzle of Decision-Making and Non-Decision-Making S. 46-59

„… , introducing rational choice and multilevel games in European foreign policy analysis provides a useful …” „… . However, in order to make the model applicable to the “building blocks” of theory, decisions (the …” „… that decisions constitute the “building blocks of theory” (Peterson and Blomberg, 1998), this book …”

Introduction S. 29-30

„… process.2.2 International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis and Multilevel Games: Approaching …” „… (Ginsberg, 2001: 21). Others promote an “eclectic approach to theorybuilding” (White, 2004: 24), welcoming …” „… theory and to foreign policy analysis and introduce a third way to deal with EFP, the application of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.2 International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis and Multilevel Games: Approaching European …”

Bibliography S. 229-249

„… . (1991) “Review essay: Bridging the Theory/MetaTheory Gap in International Relations,” Review of …” „… Politics, 18(2): 391409Andreatta, F. (2005) ‘Theory and the European Union’s International Relations’, in …” „… : IFRI).Bauer, S. and Remacle, E (2004) ‘Theory and Practice of MultiLevel Foreign Policy: The European …”

Evolution: Recurring Patterns in the Development of European Foreign Policy and Sino-European Relations S. 67-82

„… “twocamptheory.”19 However, practical necessities brought forward the Chinese ideological flexibility in times …” „… the time of the EPC’s introduction. The confidential management of EPC resembled a diplomatic game …” „… progressed from this model towards a “three world theory,” where he placed the two superpowers in the “first …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845213637

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Felix Schröter

Spiel | Figur

2021

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11 Literaturverzeichnis S. 314-335

„… Medienverzeichnis The Circle(s) of Gameplay». In: Bernard Perron / Mark J. P. Wolf (Hg.). The Video Game Theory …” „… , Karen (2008). Game Sound. An Introduction to the History, Theory, and Practice of Video Game Music and …” „… Theory of Interacting with Sound and Music in Video Games. Cambridge, MA / London, UK: MIT Press …”

2 Zum Stand der Figurenforschung S. 19-54

„… ) oder Bejeweled (PopCap Games, 2001). Ist es vor diesem Hintergrund nicht ausreichend, so ließe sich …” „… is the Avatar? Fiction and Embodiment in Avatar-Based Singleplayer Computer Games (2006) prominent …” „… gerade in den Gründungsjahren der interdisziplinären Game Studies der Import literatur- und …”

4 Figurenrezeption im Computerspiel S. 103-146

„… rezeptionsästhetische Ansätze in jüngerer Vergangenheit auch in den Game Studies ein Echo gefunden.4 sinnlicher …” „… Forschungsfragen der Game Studies im weiteren Sinne einer rezeptionsästhetischen Perspektive zuordnen lassen …” „… interdisziplinären Game Studies wurden solche Rezeptionsweisen bereits durch eine Vielzahl von Studien …”

13 Register S. 338-347

„… . Emotionen, Gameplay-) 52, 118, 140, 200–201, 245 Game Design 29, 38, 46, 100, 141, 148, 156, 165, 180 …” „… , 223, 229 Game Engine 65, 94, 241 Game Studies 12–13, 20–21, 25, 38–40, 43– 46, 49, 56–57, 61, 68, 83 …” „… , 117, 118, 131, 137, 199, 260, 276–278, 281, 296 Independent Games 98, 212, 303 Individualisierung …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783741001321

Joachim Behnke - Entscheidungs- und Spieltheorie

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Joachim Behnke

Entscheidungs- und Spieltheorie

Series: Studienkurs Politikwissenschaft

Volume 2020

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Literatur S. 223-226

„… . In: Econometrica, 22, 23-36. Binmore, Ken (2007a): Game Theory. A very short Introduction. Oxford …” „… . Binmore, Ken (2007b): Playing for Real. A Text on Game Theory. Oxford. Black, Duncan (1948): On the …” „… game theory, 27, 269-299. Bowles, Samuel (2016): The Moral Economy. New Haven. Bowles, Samuel/ Herbert …”

Stichwortverzeichnis S. 227-230

„… An Economic Theory of Democracy 31 Assurance-Game 101, 107, 204, 207 Attraktor 207 Ausbeutung – des …” „… . 95 cheap talk 64, 140, 164 Chicken-Game 97, 107 – sequentielles 119 Commitments 59, 134, 137, 163 …” „… 203 Flexible Response 134 Flood, Merrill 89 227 Focal Point 66, 67, 163, 190 games of chance Siehe …”

1. Einführung S. 9-18

„… Klassiker der Spieltheorie überhaupt, „Theory of Games and Economic Behavior“, wurde. Der substanzielle …” „… strategische Spiele (games of strategy), in Abgrenzung von Glücksspielen (games of chance) und …” „… Geschicklichkeitsspielen (games of skills). Die übergeordneten Eigenschaften von Spielen bestehen darin, dass sie von …”

12. Evolutionäre Spieltheorie S. 203-218

„… Theory of Games“ trugen. Daher wird oft vor allem John Maynard Smith als Begründer der evolutionären …” „… wie dem Gefangenendilemma und dem Assurance-Game aus. Wir betrachten hierfür die Spaltenbzw …” „… Integration evolutionstheoretischer Konzepte in die Spieltheorie 205 Replikatordynamik für das Assurance-Game …”

5. Nullsummenspiele – Spiele des reinen Konflikts S. 71-88

„… berühmtesten Beispiele für ein Nullsummenspiel stammt aus von Neumanns und Morgensterns „Theory of Games and …” „… einer kardinalen Nutzentheorie ist von Neumanns und Morgensterns Theory of Games and Economic Behavior …” „… (1944). Anwenderfreundliche und kurze Einführungen dazu finden sich z.B. in Colmans Game Theory & its …”

11. Experimentelle Spieltheorie S. 187-202

„… dargestellt sind. Ein weiteres Standardwerk zur experimentellen Spieltheorie ist „Behavioral Game Theory“ von …” „… Ultimatumspiel in der klassischen Form, um ein One-Shot-Game, al- 11.2 11. Experimentelle Spieltheorie 188 so um …” „… darüber hinaus zu bedenken, dass es sich hierbei kaum um ein One-Shot-Game gehandelt hat, sondern um einen …”

2. Entscheidungen unter Sicherheit und unter Unsicherheit S. 19-36

„… Colmans Game Theory & its Applications in the Social and Biological Sciences. Dieses Buch ist sehr …” „… Nutzendifferential, wie es Anthony Downs in seinem 1957 erschienenen Klassiker An Economic Theory of Democracy …” „… Literatur Ein Klassiker der Entscheidungs- und Spieltheorie ist Luce und Raiffas Games and Decisions von …”

3. Entscheidung unter Risiko S. 37-56

„… Nutzenfunktion wurde in deren Klassiker der Spieltheorie Theory of Games and Economic Behavior von 1944 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748903635

zfwu Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik

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zfwu Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik

Browse Volumes: zfwu Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik

zfwu Volume 17 (2016) Issue 3 ISSN Online: 1862-0043

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Thomas Beschorner, Martin Kolmar Locating Ordonomics S. 446-458

„… reader of the concept of a game as used in game theory. We will refer to the easier to define class of …” „… ). In order to solve a game, two further ingredients are necessary, a decision theory that allows making …” „… (usually Nash equilibria). Why do we feel that it is necessary to recapitulate elementary game theory …”

doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2016-3

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