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Matthias Herdegen - The Dynamics of International Law in a Globalised World

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Matthias Herdegen

The Dynamics of International Law in a Globalised World

Series: Recht als Kultur

Volume 14 2016

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XXI. The UN Charter S. 229-232

„… XXI. The UN Charter: Different Ways of Reading the Constitution of the International …” „… also inspire the interpretation of the UN Charter. For a great number of states the principle of …” „… seqq. 3 See Constitutional Court of Spain, Case no. 42/2014 (25 March 2014). 230 XXI. The UN Charter …”

I. The Interplay between International Law and 'Globalisation' S. 19-32

„… reading of international treaties, in particular the UN Charter. In Article 24 of the Charter, the …” „… responsibility, the Security Council acts on their behalf.’ Chapter VII of the UN Charter vests the Security …” „… as an ‘armed attack’ under Article 51 of the UN Charter;24 the North Atlantic Council made a …”

XIX. Social and Distributive Justice S. 211-220

„… and the fight against poverty. The UN Charter, according to its Article 1(3), seeks to ‘achieve …” „… over ‘condi- 14 See Posner / Sunstein: Climate Change Justice, pp. 1591 et seqq. 15 Art 2(4) UN Charter …” „… Preamble, Arts 1(2), 14, 55 of the UN Charter; Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning …”

III. Global Morality, Cosmopolitical Commemoration and Interpretation of Experiences S. 47-56

„… international law and the UN Charter, seem to be firmly entrenched nonetheless. The core of human rights and …” „… ‘public conscience’. The UN Charter also mobilises an empirical basis for its principles when it states …” „… Conscience? under chapter VII of the UN Charter as means to restore ‘international peace and security …”

II. The Forces behind the Dynamics of International Law S. 33-46

„… concepts developed in national law. a. ‘International Peace and Security’ (UN Charter) In the UN system of …” „… collective security, chapter VII of the UN Charter vests the Security Council with broad, almost unlimited …” „… aggression, in very narrow terms as an act implicating a blatant violation of the UN Charter.52 51 Medina …”

XVI. Democratic Dilemmas: Views from Within and from Without S. 191-194

„… discrimination) are in breach of the corpus juris gentium, as set forth in the U.N. Charter and the Universal …” „… Russian Federation. Resolution 68/262 of the UN General Assembly4 follows the doctrine of non-recognition …” „… (1 April 2014) UN Doc A/Res/68/262. 193Democratic Dilemmas: Views from Within and from Without the …”

IV. New Structures of Rule-Making S. 57-74

„… 2013) UN Doc CERD/C/82/D/48/2010. 1. The Erosion of the Principle of Consent: Extensive Treaty …” „… Turkish Union in Berlin/Brandenburg v Germany Communication No. 48/2010 (26 February 2013) UN Doc CERD/C …” „… /82/D/48/2010, dissenting opinion of Committee member Vazquez, UN Doc CERD/C/82/3, para. 10 …”

Contents S. 9-14

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 a. ‘International Peace and Security’ (UN Charter) . . . . . . . . . . . 40 b. Proportionality …” „… UN Charter: Different Ways of Reading the Constitution of the International Community …”

VIII. Human Rights in a Globalised World S. 95-108

„… ’, the preambles of the UN Charter and 40 Weber: Die Wirtschaftsethik der Weltregionen. Konfuzianismus …” „… constitutionalism, the German Basic Law of 1949, under the influence of the UN Charter and the Universal …” „… number of other regional human rights bodies as well as UN supervisory committees under international …”

X. The Changing Role of the State S. 121-132

„… of the State the UN Charter) or other sanctions by the international community may seriously …” „… peace and security, trade embargoes imposed by the UN Security Council (under chapter VII of 1 …” „… the 2 UNSC Res 1747 (24 March 2007) UN Doc S/RES/1747; UNSC Res 1803 (3 March 2008) UN Doc S/RES …”

XII. Climate, Water, Biodiversity and Beyond S. 139-142

„… UN Charter.3 The International Seabed Authority in Jamaica, established under UNCLOS (Articles 156 …” „… internationalised under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). UNCLOS declares both the area and …” „… states. In the light of the lasting opposition of a few technologically advanced states, the UN General …”

VI. Layers of Normativity: Ethics, 'Soft Law' and 'Hard Law' S. 81-86

„… that a strict and extensive ban might be understood as a triumph of the Vatican).3 In the end, the UN …” „… reduction of tariffs and other 3 Arsanjani: Negotiating the UN Declaration on Human Cloning, pp. 169, 173 …” „… . 4 UNGA Res 59/280 (23 March 2005) UN Doc A/RES/59/280, Annex. 5 ECJ Case C-34/10 Oliver Brüstle v …”

XV. Law as Culture and the Application of International Rules S. 163-190

„… challenges unforeseen at the time of their adoption. The Charter of the United Nations is the classical …” „… ’ (Articles 24, 39 of the Charter).24 The European Court of Justice has termed the founding treaties of the …” „… European Communities (now the European Union) as a ‘constitutional charter of a Community based on the …”

Introduction S. 16-18

„… protection, and the preservation and restoration of international peace and security under the UN Charter …”

Index S. 251-256

„… Charter of the United Nations 229 ff. Chevron Corporation v Steven Donzi ger et al 131 Chevron …” „… Human Rights 24, 50, 81, 106 UN Security Council 25 ff., 32, 40 f., 44, 55, 69, 72 – chapter VII 40 f …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783465142911

Ursula Werther-Pietsch - World Net Order

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Ursula Werther-Pietsch

World Net Order

Series: New School of Multilateralism

Volume 1 2024

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Annex: A renewed UN Charter S. 135-140

doi.org/10.5771/9783748946595

Jonas Attenhofer - The Application of UN Charter Chapter XI to Military Occupations

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Jonas Attenhofer

The Application of UN Charter Chapter XI to Military Occupations

Series: Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht

Volume 318 2022

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UN Charter Chapter XI: Non-Self-Governing Territories S. 97-176

„… United Nations Conference on International1006.1 Chapter XI, Articles 73 and 74UN CharterChapter XI …” „… Transmission of Information under Article 73e of the Charter,GA Res 66 (I) (14 December 1946) UN Doc A/RES/66 …” „… , focusing on the object and purpose might evenbe the dominant approach.554UN CharterPreambleWE THE PEOPLES …”

Documents S. 15-18

„… theCharter, GA Res 66 (I) (14 December 1946) UN Doc A/RES/66/(I)(1946).Resolution on Special Committee on …” „… information transmitted under Ar-ticle 73e of the Charter, GA Res 219 (III) (3 November 1948) UN DocA/RES/219 …” „… Article 73e of the Charter, GA Res 569 (VI) (18 Jan-uary 1952) UN Doc A/RES/569/(VI) (1946).Resolution on …”

Military Occupation S. 23-96

„… restrained by Article 51 of the Charter:Article 51 UN CharterNothing in the present Charter shall impair the …” „… Charterof the United Nations8 (The UN Charter) stands.9 But the United Na-tions does not claim to be the …” „… required for accession to the UN itself by Article 18(2) of the Charter.See also Frowein, ‘Recognition’ (n …”

Contributions to Collections S. 183-191

„… International Law: The Placeof Peremptory Norms and Article 103 of the UN Charter within theSources of …” „… Force in International Law(1st edn, Oxford University Press 2015).– ‘The UN Charter and Its Evolution …” „… the Charter’ in B Simma (ed), The Charterof the United Nations: A Commentary (2nd edn, C H Beck 2002 …”

Table of Materials S. 15

„… theCharter, GA Res 66 (I) (14 December 1946) UN Doc A/RES/66/(I)(1946).Resolution on Special Committee on …” „… information transmitted under Ar-ticle 73e of the Charter, GA Res 219 (III) (3 November 1948) UN DocA/RES/219 …” „… Article 73e of the Charter, GA Res 569 (VI) (18 Jan-uary 1952) UN Doc A/RES/569/(VI) (1946).Resolution on …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Application of UN Charter Chapter XI to Military OccupationsBeiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht …” „… . Armin von Bogdandyand Prof. Dr. Anne Peters Volume 318Jonas AttenhoferThe Application of UN Charter …” „… Application of UN Charter Chapter XI to Military OccupationsJonas Attenhofer198 pp.Includes bibliographic …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748935544

Stephan Wollbrink - A Violation of International Law as a Necessary Element of a "Threat to the Peace" under the UN Charter

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Stephan Wollbrink

A Violation of International Law as a Necessary Element of a "Threat to the Peace" under the UN Charter

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Recht

Volume 840 2014

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Teleological interpretation S. 69-98

„… with the UN Charter.The applicability of the rule of law in terms of the Security Council’s competences …” „… wording of the UN Charter, there is an indicationthat the founders of the UN intended the Security Council …” „… a law, rule, or obligation”.187Right to Chapter VII measuresBy ratifying the UN Charter the Member …”

Systematic interpretation S. 54-69

„… UN-Sicherheitsrates, p. 6140 Goodrich/Hambro/Simons, Charter of the United Nations, p. 297; Herdegen, Völkerrecht …” „… underlying concept in the UN Charter. Accordingto this article “[t]he parties to any dispute, the continuance …” „… peace.Thus, there is a graduation in the UN Charter regarding the measures theSecurity Council may take under …”

Criteria for compliance with legal obligations S. 118-126

„… concerns the Security Council’s compliance with the UN Charter.The second pertains to compliance of the …” „… by the UN Charter andacts ultra vires if its measures are not in accordance with the provisions ofthe …” „… UN Charter.387 Thus, if the Security Council determines a threat to thepeace even when there is none …”

Bibliography S. 307-318

„… Security Council in the Post-Cold War Era. A Study in the Creative Interpretation of the U.N. Charter, in …” „… Governing Pre-Emptive Strikes and ForcibleMeasures of Anticipatory Self-Defense under the U.N. Charter and …” „… Chapter VII of the UN Charter in Iraq (to protect the Kurds), in Bosnia, Somalia,Rwanda and Haiti), in …”

Anticipatory self-defense and state of necessity S. 137-158

„… CharterEven though the UN Charter, with Article 2 (4), outlaws the use of force, itprovides for an explicit …” „… given point in time, there isonly a latent and remote danger.446 Neither the UN Charter nor any …” „… Anticipatory Self-Defense under the U.N. Charter and General InternationalLaw, Annual Survey of International …”

European Court of Justice and its extensive interpretation of own competences S. 114-118

„… amendment of the UN Charter.In order to prevent increasing non-compliance by the Member States withrespect …” „… for a threat to the peace. Taking into account thepurpose of the UN Charter and Chapter VII, the …” „… for an amendment to the UN Charter.368 Indeed, major amendments to the EU treaty were accomplished …”

Definition of Chapter VII Resolutions S. 28-33

„… Council and the content of such resolutions are in compliancewith the UN Charter is outside the scope of …” „… with the UN Charter. There will also be no evaluation of whetherthe statements of the Security Council …” „… of the UN Charterthrough practice. Therefore, statements like “non-military sources of instability in …”

Competence of the Security Council to adopt general and abstract resolutions S. 189-192

„… , according to general principlesof international law, the UN Charter will have to be interpreted in good …” „… empowered to adopt general abstract resolutions.660While the drafters of the UN Charter probably did not …” „… Council when they signed the UN Charter withits Articles 25 and 48.671 Thus, this principle is not …”

Enhancing morality and legitimacy S. 126-136

„… provided by the UN Charter. On theother hand, these very rules need to be generally accepted by the …” „… the UN Charter. In order to assess if suchheightened transparency is politically feasible, the concept …” „… authors of the UN Charter abstained from employing preciseterms for the three alternatives in Article 39 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-5

„… the Peace” under the UN CharterStephan WollbrinkNomosNomos UniversitätsschriftenRechtBand 840 …” „… Element of a “Threat to the Peace” under the UN CharterNomosBUT_Wollbrink_1026-3.indd 3 10.04.14 …” „… Bonn als Dissertation angenommen. Resolutionen des UN Sicherheitsrates, Rechtsprechung und Literatur …”

Method and structure S. 25-28

„… threat to the peace. Sincethe Security Council has no power to amend the UN Charter or create ad …” „… of the UN Charterthrough practice. Therefore, statements like “non-military sources of instability in …” „… Security Council in the UN system and on the character of the most common measures the Security Council …”

Element of an unlawful act for the determination of a general abstract situation as a threat to the peace S. 192-195

„… governance. However,with respect to the Member States, the UN Charter does not set forth anylimitations as to …” „… "Constitutionalization" of the UN Security System, VanderbiltJournal of Transnational Law 27 (1994), p. 154; Martenczuk …” „… res-IV.673 Stein, Völkerrecht, p. 331 recital 897; Frowein/Krisch in: Simma (ed.), The Charterof the …”

Vorwort S. 5-17

„… exclusion of necessity in the UN Charterdd) 150No peremptory normsee) 151Conclusion regarding necessity …” „… . Resolutionen des UN Sicherheitsrates, Rechtsprechung und Literatur wurden bis Ende 2011 berücksichtigt. Für die …” „… of Contents16Abbreviations / DefinitionsACHPR African Charter on Human and Peoples' RightsACHR …”

Reason for investigation S. 19-24

„… decided to foundthe UN. It received an unprecedented Charter framework to prevent it facingthe same …” „… states includedtwo chapters (Chapter VI and Chapter VII) in the UN Charter that set forthmeasures that …” „… maintenance of international peace and security”4. According to Chapter VI of the UN Charter5, the Security …”

Abbreviations / Definitions S. 17-19

„… RightsUK United KingdomUN United NationsUN Charter Charter of the United NationsUNAMID United Nations …” „… , the international community decided to foundthe UN. It received an unprecedented Charter framework to …” „… purpose, the founding states includedtwo chapters (Chapter VI and Chapter VII) in the UN Charter that set …”

Grammatical interpretation S. 45-54

„… the UN Charter and if political issues might conflictwith the findings of the legal …” „… . The latter term is a technical term towhich a special UN Charter meaning and individual elements are …” „… SecurityCouncil is in accordance with the UN Charter.116One can therefore not conclude that the wording of Article …”

Possibility of global governance by the Security Council S. 187-189

„… Chapter VII the onlysection in the UN Charter that deals with binding measures.653Indeed there are two …” „… SecurityCouncil is able to implement universally binding laws, as the UN Charter isnot a world-constitution.658 …” „… .659 Hence, according to general principlesof international law, the UN Charter will have to be …”

Background S. 275-276

„… actsof terrorism as contrary to the UN Charter’s purposes and principles. TheTaliban and Al-Qaida were …” „… bound by the UN system of collective securityunder customary law986 and had to respect the Security …” „… Resolution 1373 (2001), they had to be considered threats tointernational peace and security by all UN …”

Historical interpretation S. 98-100

„… behavior.This finding is also in line with the purpose of the UN Charter, accordingto which the Security Council …” „… made at the drafting conference of the UN Charter. An assumed countermeasure character could be …” „… historical interpretation isthat a dynamic understanding of the UN Charter and its provisions was initially …”

Conclusion regarding the interpretation of the alternative “threat to the peace” S. 100-102

„… would require an amendment to the UN Charter.302 Cf. S/23500, at 3 (1992) and S/PRST/2011/15B …” „… requirements.This question is of particular importance because the UN Charter does notstipulate any express …” „… Befugnisse des UN-Sicherheitsrates, p. 30 f.; Krisch in:Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations …”

Analysis S. 274-275

„… actsof terrorism as contrary to the UN Charter’s purposes and principles. TheTaliban and Al-Qaida were …” „… bound by the UN system of collective securityunder customary law986 and had to respect the Security …” „… Resolution 1373 (2001), they had to be considered threats tointernational peace and security by all UN …”

Schlussbemerkung S. 226-227

„… VII of the UN Charter. It will also analyze whatreasons the Security Council brought forward for …” „… compliance with the UN Charter. In cases where the Security Councilexpressly referred to breaches of …” „… übertragbar.747SchlussbemerkungDer Sicherheitsrat ist das prägende Organ der UN, da er das Organ mit …”

Analysis S. 294-295

„… consistedof the non-compliance with treaty and UN Charter obligations.In the last resolution, however, the …” „… every nongovernmental entity in Lebanon and altered the mandate of the UN missionalready deployed in …” „… of international law. In addition, Hezbollahwas bound by the UN system of collective security under …”

Subject matter of the breached norm S. 107-109

„… comparison with the other alternatives andthe principles of the UN Charter, one can still conclude that the …” „… , Die Befugnisse des UN-Sicherheitsrates, p. 15; Lailach, Die Wahrungdes Weltfriedens und der …” „… dangeroussituations that the international community can face. This is not only reflected by the system of the UN …”

Background S. 227-228

„… the Security Council adoptedresolutions under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. It will also analyze …” „… evaluate whether the Chapter VII Resolutionswere in compliance with the UN Charter. In cases where the …”

Conclusion regarding the analysis of Chapter VII Resolutions S. 43-45

„… assessment of whether this lack of coherenceis in accordance with the UN Charter and if political issues …” „… possibility of an authentic interpretation of the Charter Wet, l. c.,p. 149; Lillich, Humanitarian …” „… example, theB.I.97 Kadelbach in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations, Interpretation recital 8 …”

Background S. 265-266

„… addition, the warring parties were bound by the UN system of collectivesecurity under customary law …” „… . Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 2 (6) recital 74934 E.g …” „… Therefore, the Security Council decided to replace the already existing Chapter VI UN missionin Sierra Leone …”

Background S. 284-285

„… UN authority.This UN mission was subsequently installed under Chapter VII on requestof the new …” „… mandate, the UN mission is still ongoing.1028 In particular,the large earthquake in 2010, which killed …” „… . The parties to the conflict were bound by the UN system ofcollective security under customary law and …”

Background S. 246-248

„… the UN. TheSecurity Council reacted with a resolution that authorized the Secretary-General and the …” „… topacify important strategic sites in order to create the conditions for anotherUN mission. This mission …” „… analyses of Chapter VII Resolutions246the UN mission constantly came under attack. After several …”

Causal link between unlawful act and peace threatening situation S. 102-107

„… UN Charter does notstipulate any express limitations on the Security Council’s competence todetermine …” „… mit Kernwaffen,p. 205 ff.; Herdegen, Die Befugnisse des UN-Sicherheitsrates, p. 30 f.; Krisch in:Simma …” „… (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations, General Framework Chapter VIIrecital 47305 Cf. Herdegen …”

Background S. 295

„… entity in Lebanon and altered the mandate of the UN missionalready deployed in Lebanon in order to …” „… international law. In addition, Hezbollahwas bound by the UN system of collective security under customary law …” „… (2006)1081 S/RES/1701 (2006) recital 21082 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the …”

Analysis S. 295-296

„… entity in Lebanon and altered the mandate of the UN missionalready deployed in Lebanon in order to …” „… international law. In addition, Hezbollahwas bound by the UN system of collective security under customary law …” „… (2006)1081 S/RES/1701 (2006) recital 21082 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the …”

Analysis S. 252-253

„… addition, the warring parties were bound bythe UN system of collective security under customary law and had …” „… S/RES/788 (1992)870 Cf. S/PV.3138 p. 49 f.871 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of …” „… few days the UN mission wasM.I.872 Fink, Kollektive Friedenssicherung, p. 799 ff.873 S/RES/841 …”

Analysis S. 256-257

„… interfere with the peace process and even brought downseveral UN planes.888 Only when, in 2002, UNITA turned …” „… peace treaties that hadbeen registered with the UN892 and the Security Council’s addressing UNI-TA in …” „… presidents wereO.I.893 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 2 (6 …”

Analysis S. 264-265

„… conventionas they had been negotiated on an international level and had been filed atthe UN archive932. The …” „… and analyses of Chapter VII Resolutions264addition, the warring parties were bound by the UN system of …” „… behalfU.I.933 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 2 (6 …”

Analysis S. 268-269

„… Milosevic accepting a peace plan andhanding over the administration of Kosovo to the UN. The Security …” „… international law.In addition, the warring parties were bound by the UN system of collectivesecurity under …” „… (1999)952 S/RES/1367 (2001)953 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United …”

Analysis S. 285-286

„… adjustments to the mandate, the UN mission is still ongoing.1028 In particular,the large earthquake …” „… widespread sexual abuse and child-traffickingin particular. The parties to the conflict were bound by the UN …” „… 121030 S/RES/1529 (2004)1031 S/RES/1542 (2004)1032 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter …”

Analysis S. 248-249

„… obligedto respect human rights because at least since the 1990s it has been possibleto consider the UN …” „… actors854. As the UN systemalso requires compliance with humanitarian law and human rights, the warlords …” „… ChapterVII powers of the United Nations Security Council, p. 156854 Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of …”

Background S. 267-268

„… plan andhanding over the administration of Kosovo to the UN. The Security Councilthen established an …” „… addition, the warring parties were bound by the UN system of collectivesecurity under customary law and had …” „… (2001)953 Cf. Annex I, J.II, Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 2 (6) recital …”

Determinations of Article 39 situations in the past S. 33-43

„… past Chapter VII Resolutions were incompliance with the UN Charter. There will also be no evaluation of …” „… .), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 39 recital 41; Fink, Kollektive Friedenssicherung, p. 242Part I …” „… InternationalLaw 43 (2002-2003), p. 518 who states that the UN mandate for Haiti was onlypossible due to a deal …”

Necessary severity of the breach S. 109-111

„… not only reflected by the system of the UN Charter but also by the wording of and thepossible measures …” „… leastnegligently cause the respective threat to the peace.IV.344 Nowak/Ermacora (ed.), U.N. Covenant on Civil and …”

International organizations in the role of legislators S. 185-187

„… Chapter VII the onlysection in the UN Charter that deals with binding measures.653Indeed there are two …” „… UN, these resolutions explicitlyaddress all states, thereby requiring them to adopt certain measures …”

Background S. 293-294

„… consistedof the non-compliance with treaty and UN Charter obligations.In the last resolution, however, the …”

Analysis S. 229-230

„… flag of the UN.756AnalysisIn this conflict, the Security Council “determine[d] that the armed …” „… . TheC.I.757 Krisch in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations, Art. 39 recital 41758 Herdegen …”

Background S. 251-252

„… amounted to abreach of international law. In addition, the warring parties were bound bythe UN system of …” „… , Talmon in: Simma (ed.), The Charter of the United Nations,Art. 2 (6) recital 74Annex I: Backgrounds and …”

Key objective S. 24-25

„… threat to the peace. Sincethe Security Council has no power to amend the UN Charter or create ad …”

Conclusion regarding the element of a violation of international law with respect to a potential lawmaking competence of the Security Council S. 195-196

„… States, the UN Charter does not set forth anylimitations as to what kinds of measures the Security …”

Conclusion regarding requirements regarding the unlawful act S. 113-114

„… threat to the peace. Taking into account thepurpose of the UN Charter and Chapter VII, the violated …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845252285

Christian Calliess - Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

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Christian Calliess (ed.)

Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 100 2015

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Andreas Zimmermann Organic Links between the International Court of Justice and the other Principal Organs of the United Nations S. 393-400

„… institutional law of the CharterOn various occasions, the Court had a chance not only to determine its …” „… adopt legally binding decisions under Art. 25 of the Charter,and thus could not only do so when acting …” „… practice by confirming their Charter-conformity asit were.Interpretation of acts of the General Assembly …”

Karin Oellers-Frahm Much Ado About R2P A critical assessment of the prospects of R2P as an „obligation” to protect S. 246-264

„… R2P.Impact on Art. 39 UN CharterAccording to Art. 39 UN Charter, action under Chapter VII requires …” „… provisions ofChapter XVIII UN Charter.Concluding RemarksThe „hallmark”54 of the R2P doctrine was the idea of …” „… already in 1945,when the Charter of the UN came into force, gross violations of human rightshad occurred …”

Kerstin Odendahl Das arabisch-muslimische Menschenrechtssystem S. 1007-1024

„… Statement by UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on the Entry into Force ofthe Arab Charter on Human …” „… http://www.oic-oci.org/english/charter/OIC%20Charter-new-en.pdf abrufbar.12 Vgl. Art. 1 der Charta von 2008.13 Ziffer 2 der Astana …” „… .; Rehman International HumanRights Law, 2010, S. 363 ff.9 Charter of the Islamic Conference, 4.3.1972, UNTS …”

Richard Kreindler Justifications, Excuses and Defenses in the Case of Corruption and Bribery S. 213-225

„… in international law is codified in Article51 of the UN Charter. Article 51 grants the right of …” „… http://ita.law.uvic.ca/documents/WDFv.KenyaAward.pdf.18 U.N. Charter Art. 51 provides that: Nothing in the present Charter shall impair theinherent …” „… Council pursuantto Chapter VII of the UN Charter. By contrast, the means foreseen underinternational law …”

Jörg Polakiewicz Mobile, Counterpoint or Pyramid – The Interaction Between National and European Courts in Human Rights Protection S. 1050-1088

„… Charter,which according to the explanations to the Charter is supposed to have “samemeaning and scope” as …” „… , theEuropean Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and its protocols as wellas EU law, in particular the EU Charter …” „… fundamental rights case-law, starting wellbefore the proclamation of the EU’s Charter of Fundamental Rights on …”

Thomas Giegerich Verfassungshomogenität, Verfassungsautonomie und Verfassungsaufsicht in der EU: Zum „neuen Rechtsstaatsmechanismus“ der Europäischen Kommission S. 499-542

„… _Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.pdf,zuletzt abgerufen am 12.5.2014.28 Art. 2 lit. b, Art. 3 lit. l OAS-Charta. Vgl. näher die von der …” „… http://www.oas.org/OASpage/eng/Documents/Democractic_Charter.htm, zuletzt abgerufen am 12.5.2014).29 Art. 2 lit. b, Art. 3 lit. d und e OAS-Charta.30 Art. 106, 145 …” „… Charter vom 20.11.2007 zählt ebenfalls die Stärkung vonDemokratie, Rechtsstaatlichkeit sowie …”

Markus Kotzur Die Rolle des UN-Sicherheitsrates in aktuellen Krisenszenarien S. 196-212

„… Die Rolle des UN-Sicherheitsrates in aktuellen KrisenszenarienMarkus Kotzur*Einleitung„Der …” „… , „ist das Exekutivorgan derVereinten Nationen. Ihm kommt gemäß Art. 24 Abs. 1 UN …” „… Weltgemeinschaft2 – ohne mit diesem Bild die UN-Charta semantisch mit einer nationalen Vollverfassung gleichsetzen …”

Christian von Buttlar years into the „Responsibility to Protect”-campaign – Taking a breath in an uphill battle for more consistent intervention in humanitarian crises S. 65-77

„… presuppose that the UN-Charter’s prohibition of intervention alone would effectively offer completeprotection …” „… quickly evolved at the UN (even though 9/11 and the USinvasion of Iraq in March 2003 had an impact on the …” „… narrowed the original proposal significantly:21 A mandate by the UN Security Council is considered …”

Christian Tomuschat Peace Treaties and Jus Cogens S. 339-359

„… text of the UN Charter. See Stein, in: Sociétéfrançaise pour le droit international, Comparative …” „… ordered,under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, to respect the international boundarybetween the two States (paras …” „… modus vivendi which should not obscure the aim of re-unification.Under the Charter of the United Nations …”

Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg The Exasperating Debate on the Legality of Unmanned Systems – Time for a Realistic Approach S. 145-162

„… Chapter VII of the UN Charter or on theinherent right of self-defence. Moreover, the right to resort to …” „… , Report of the Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions, Philip Alston, UN Doc …” „… , in: Hangartner/Trechsel (eds.), Völkerrecht im Dienste des Menschen, 1986,pp. 251 et seq.145Charter …”

María Angélica Benavides Der Beurteilungsspielraum im internationalen gerichtlichen Menschenrechtsschutz S. 941-955

„… :„[...] compte tenu de l’importante responsabilité qui imcombe à un gouvernement de protéger sa population contre …” „… latitud, une marged’appréciation pour déterminer s’il existe un danger publique.“Ebenfalls zu erwähnen ist …” „… Einschränkungen bestimmter Rechte erlaubt:„Les États ne jouissent pas pour autant d’un pouvoir illimité en ce …”

Walter Pintens Union européenne et l’émergence d’un droit international de la famille – L’exemple des régimes matrimoniaux et des effets patrimoniaux des partenariats enregistrés S. 806-822

„… Charte des droits fondamentaux. En effet, la Cour de justice aestimé que les partenaires engagés dans un …” „… L’Union européenne et l’émergence d’un droit internationalde la famille – L’exemple des régimes …” „… l’aide d’uneétude de droit comparatif menée par un Consortium Asser-UCL, d’un livrevert suivi d’une …”

Burkhard Hess Die Legitimationskrise der Investitionsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit S. 163-175

„… Settlement of Investment Disputes, dem EnergyCharter Treaty oder dem Permanent Court of Arbitration, sie …” „… . Diese Probleme bestehen hingegen nicht in den UN-Sonderorganisationen (etwa: UNCITRAL).58 Van Harten (Fn …”

Anne Peters The Crimean Vote of March 2014 as an Abuse of the Institution of the Territorial Referendum S. 278-303

„… on the elections of 17 November 2007 which had been qualifiedby the UN Secretary General as „in …” „… InterimAdministration Mission in Kosovo, 3 January 2008, UN Doc. S/2007/768, para. 3:„The elections were organized under …” „… Staatsteilung, 2001, pp. 347-370.Anne Peters290UN Human Rights Covenants of 1966), and this is where the …”

José Martín y Pérez de Nanclares Der judizielle Dialog im gemeinsamen europäischen Rechtsraum unter besonderer Betrachtung der unendlichen Geschichte des EU-Beitritts zur EMRK S. 784-805

„… Globalization and Interdependece,UN Doc. 1/62/150.5 Innerhalb der immensen englischsprachigen Literatur wird …” „… Rechtsakts der Union mit einem der Grundrechtenach der EMRK bestehen; „The Charter of Fundamental Rights of …”

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