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Wolfgang Ischinger

World in Danger

2020

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Making Peace Without Weapons? Foreign Policy and Military Power S. 137-166

„… 137SIXMAKING PEACE WITHOUT WEAPONS?Foreign Policy and Military Power EVERY WAR HAS COME TO AN END …” „… a closer look at these crises, as they offer important lessons for foreign policy decisions of today …” „… How relevant is the use of military force in conflicts like the one in the Balkans? Are military means …”

Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century: Challenges and Opportunities S. 227-242

„… prevention policy.The degree to which events in other regions of the world have effects on our own country …” „… 227NINEFOREIGN POLICY IN THE TWENTY- FIRST CENTURYChallenges and OpportunitiesGERMANY: NETWORKED …” „… through each year— Ischinger_World in Danger_a,b_i-xiv_1-266.indd 228 8/20/20 3:41 PMForeign Policy in …”

Russia: From a Common European Home to a New Cold War? S. 77-114

„… powers. But a modern great power needs not only territory and military might, but also economic and …” „… economy, and a problematic health care system. Aside from military might and energy reserves, Russia has …” „… relatively little to offer. “Good foreign policy consists in building trust, winning new Ischinger_World in …”

World Out of Joint S. 1-30

„… between the roles of the military and the police, between foreign and domestic policy, and between …” „… Europe about the unreliability of Trump’s foreign policy.Polling numbers published by the Pew Research …” „… the governing board, in 2019 global military spending rose to unprecedented levels, indicating a …”

Europe: Only Strong Together S. 195-226

„… foreign and security policy has a great deal to do with significant changes in German military and …” „… country. How then can we improve the effectiveness of European foreign policy?We could continue the …” „… must in-clude a common external energy policy.Another foreign policy topic that will require more unity …”

War in Syria: Intervene or Look Away? S. 115-136

„… 115FIVEWAR IN SYRIAIntervene or Look Away?FROM THE ARAB SPRING TO A FOREIGN POLICY NIGHTMARESyria …” „… affairs of the state over to the Supreme Military Council. What happened in Egypt repeated itself bit by …” „… escalated, leading to violence and finally to military rule, with the end result of consoli-dating the …”

The United Nations: Who Provides for Global Order? S. 167-194

„… of sustainable structures after hostilities have ceased. The security policy topics to which the UN …” „… Kosovo, but no explicit authorization for the use of military force to prevent the Serbian attacks and …” „… in postwar history— were to actively participate in a military operation, this would not even be …”

America First: Superpower, but the World's Policeman No More S. 51-76

„… in 1962, when, for nearly two whole weeks, military escalation seemed imminent. The U.S. policy …” „… POLICY BETWEEN ISOLATION AND INTERVENTIONThe history of American foreign policy is a history of …” „… contradic-tions. On the one hand, U.S. foreign policy is anchored in a deep- seated national pathos that pervades …”

Subject Index S. 253-0

„… . military operations in, 65Africa: Ebola outbreak in, 192; lack of representation on Security Council, 178 …” „… ; lessons learned from, 137–38; military force utilized in, 138, 143–44; refugee populations from, 139, 140 …” „… ; international response to, 58, 141–44; military force uti-lized in, 144; peace negotiations during, 17, 111 …”

Preface

„… MAKING PEACE WITHOUT WEAPONS? 137Foreign Policy and Military Power SEVEN THE UNITED NATIONS 167Who …” „… international security policy, since 2008.“As a leading diplomat and strategist, Wolfgang Ischinger has worked …” „… Conference, the world’s leading forum for debating international security policy, since 2008.“As a leading …”

The Art of Diplomacy S. 31-50

„… than foreign policy. Accordingly, the British ambassador to Germany announced that the visit would …” „… handshakes. While the success of British foreign policy is hamstrung by the wake of the country’s withdrawal …” „… flaunting.It is true: Ultimately what counts in foreign policy is not symbols and words, but decisions and …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780815738442

J. E. Sumerau - The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Transgender Studies

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J. E. Sumerau (ed.)

The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Transgender Studies

2023

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5. Policy Whiplash: Transgender Military Service in the Twenty-First Century S. 53-66

„… - members/.Center for Military Readiness. 2019. “The Trump/Mattis Transgender Policy—What Are the Facts?” April 7 …” „… - inclusive - transgender - military - policy/.Stockman v. Trump. 2017. “Complaint for Declaratory and …” „… 53C H A P T E R 5Policy WhiplashTransgender Military Service in the Twenty- first CenturyMáel …”

Index S. 173-180

„… of desire from, 127–30“cisgender reality,” 32–33, 168Citizens for Good Public Policy, 31classism …” „… military service, 61–62Cox, Laverne, 153, 166creativity, 14criminal justice system, 39; Farmer v. Brennan …” „… and, 43; transgender military service and, 55–56. See also medical transitiongender diversity, 17, 22 …”

Preface

„… . Intersectionality, Trans People, and the Criminal Justice System 39Sarah E. Rogers 5. Policy Whiplash: Transgender …” „… Military Service in the Twenty- First Century 53Máel Embser- Herbert 6. The Intersection of Transgender …”

6. The Intersection of Transgender and Intersex Experiences S. 67-84

„… intersex “corrective” treatments are indeed generally covered by insurance, but if an insurance policy …” „… explained to them that she was born intersex and then her vagina and uterus were removed by military doctors …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538136027

Thomas Stehnken - The Politics of Interaction in Innovation Systems

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Thomas Stehnken

The Politics of Interaction in Innovation Systems

Series: Studien zu Lateinamerika

Volume 5 2010

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Technology policy during military rule from 1964 until 1985 S. 91-94

„… Technology policy during military rule from 1964 until 1985 The current Brazilian Innovation System was …” „… . During military rule, this institutional setup was at the heart of Brazil’s technology policy (Suzigan …” „… , Brazil was included in the elusive list of future military and economic global powers, the renowned BRICs …”

The process of finding the right balance between centralization and decentralization of policy-making competencies S. 161-168

„… centralization and decentralization of policy-making competencies Federalism was an organizing principle from …” „… in Brasília and, under the ISI dogma, the respective ministries became central policy-making …” „… national policy-making capacities are limited as they inevitably have to be in line with subnational …”

The devolution of ST&I policies S. 151-161

„… policy-making institutions. Second, as a consequence of its repression, military rule generated extensive and …” „… policy-making process for which, in reality, regional specificities were considered only in a rather limited way …” „… acknowledged by policy-makers on either level of the federal system that innovation is not the result of a …”

The weakness of the NIS and the end of import substitution industrialization S. 94-97

„… departments in state-owned enterprises, such as Petrobrás, Telebrás and Eletrobrás. During military rule, this …” „… institutional setup was at the heart of Brazil’s technology policy (Suzigan & Furtado 2006) and, in essence, has …” „… first step of creating a coordinated national ST&I policy that tried to systemize the pattern of …”

Conselho Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia – CCT S. 113-116

„… changing framework conditions inasmuch as ST&I is sometimes highly valued among a policy-maker – and later …” „… ultimately the power structure of the current ST&I policy network, it is vital to take a look at the relevant …” „… some detail. Formally, the highest entity in the Brazilian ST&I policy network is the National Council …”

Science, Technology & Innovation policy – The distinctiveness of the policy field S. 46-48

„… reasons. Science policy became truly important during the cold war since science was of strategic military …” „… understand why they are successful.” (1999: 3). For policy-makers this poses a great difficulty, because they …” „… challenges to policy-makers: How can the technological and innovative capabilities of domestic actors, not …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… history 91 6.1 Technology policy during military rule from 1964 until 1985 92 6.2 The weakness of the …” „… decentralization of policy-making competencies 161 8.1.2.1 The limited power of subnational entities in national …” „… Innovation systems 42 2.3 Interaction and networks 45 2.4 Science, Technology & Innovation policy - The …”

Regional development during the ISI period S. 97-99

„… regional policy-makers as being something utterly important. Governors were more concerned with securing …” „… Authoritarian military rule was the culmination of the centrality of the federal state, a tendency that stems …” „… ST&I policy. When the state created the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo …”

State of the literature S. 32-38

„… policy-making in Brazil that focuses on the endogenous potential of regions. Additionally, the approach of Perry …” „… policy makers, regional development agencies and scholars of all types of professions to highlight …” „… ) who explicitly refers to the implications of governmental and federal organization for S&T policy …”

The research design S. 21-28

„… obstacles to effective policy-making that inhibit better coordination among actors and levels and improved …” „… national and subnational policy-makers are not yet embracing the rules of the knowledge society – but why …” „… policy-making (Heraud 2003, Koschatzky & Kroll 2007) - all of which is, in turn, determined by power resources …”

Brazilian firms and the new Industrial, Technological and Foreign Trade Policy (PITCE) S. 140-148

„… in Brazilian ST&I policy-making history. In the past, volatile financial allocations to ST&I created …” „… 140 7.5 Brazilian firms and the new Industrial, Technological and Foreign Trade Policy (PITCE …” „… to enter global competition, the New Industrial, Technological and Foreign Trade Policy (PITCE), is …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845224169

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Ina Wiesner (ed.)

German Defence Politics

Series: Schriften der Akademie der Bundeswehr für Information und Kommunikation

Volume 30 2013

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Hans-Werner Wiermann German defence and military policy in the UN, NATO and the EU from the point of view of the Military Policy Division, Armed Forces Staff S. 79-102

„… 79 German defence and military policy in the UN, NATO and the EU from the point of view of the …” „… Military Policy Division, Armed Forces Staff Hans-Werner Wiermann Introduction: military and defence …” „… associated with security are defence policy and military policy. As a result of the lessons learned during …”

Tom Dyson Conclusion German defence politics – a view from abroad S. 373-394

„… policy-making community to sanction an expanded role for the Bundeswehr and develop the military structures …” „… civilian oversight of military input to defence planning. The state of German defence policy and the …” „… literature on German defence policy posits that German strategic culture – rooted in the moral and military …”

Christoph Reifferscheid, Ulf Bednarz Inside German defence The Federal Ministry of Defence S. 103-126

„… Forces Policy ‘simply because of his/her lack of military expertise’ be right in this instance, too? By …” „… ensuring the coherent shaping of this policy. Security and defence policy comprises military and armament …” „… responsible for the detailed planning of military policy in accordance with the strategic guidelines issued …”

About the authors S. 395-399

„… Ministry of Defence, including in the FMOD Policy Planning Staff, as a branch chief in the Military Policy …” „… Bundeswehr, deputy director of the Military Policy Directorate and later chief of the Security Policy …” „… University in Hamburg. His preferred fields of research are military economics, environmental economics, and …”

Ina Wiesner German defence politics – an introduction S. 13-22

„… relatively recent publications on Germany’s foreign, security and defence policy (Böckenförde/Gareis, 2009 …” „… the fact that a number of outstanding analyses of German security and defence policy have been …” „… policy, it is dedicated to German defence politics. Defence policy and defence politics Like any other …”

Sven Bernhard Gareis The making of Germany’s security and defence policy – actors, responsibilities, procedures, and requirements S. 49-78

„… Germany or Europe. As for the military, the Defence Policy Guidelines issued in 1992 already stated …” „… up to and including military operations. In this policy field, the Bundestag above all has …” „… Forces, bears the responsibility for military policy and thus also for specifying both the mission, size …”

Sabine Collmer Suspending the conscript system S. 333-344

„… to a specific combination of historical, security-policy-related, socio-political and military …” „… using the military as a tool in German foreign and security policy. This is pitted against military …” „… dramatic change in policy. Not only had the major political forces in the country for decades refused to …”

Christian Mölling Pooling and Sharing in the EU and NATO S. 359-372

„… abruptly changing the military policy objectives and the means available to attain them, and the effect …” „… decisions and thus in shaping common security policy through military involvement. Capability and …” „… weapon for combating this threatening military incapacity. It seems plausible that European states would …”

Gerhard Kümmel Between rejection of war and intervention fatigue – the armed forces, the state and society in Germany S. 307-332

„… of developments in the field of security policy and military strategy: NATO’s strategy of massive …” „… in Germany Gerhard Kümmel Civil-military relations and the political and democratic control of …” „… United States’ (Bland, 1999: 7). A research project focusing on the ‘civil-military gap’ headed by Peter …”

Jörg Jacobs Current debates in German defence Public opinion, the Bundeswehr and public affairs S. 295-306

„… characteristics and is thus an unstable basis for a predictable foreign policy (see Holsti, 2004). George F …” „… . Kennan, the father of the containment policy, compared public opinion in the 1950s with a huge dinosaur …” „… security policy issues from the 1950s to the 1980s in the US, Robert Page and Benjamin Shapiro in 1992 …”

Stephan Böckenförde The foundations of German defence German security policy S. 23-48

„… one-dimensionality of the military that is common in territorial statehood. Instead, security policy is now being …” „… Report, opening the door for a policy of complementing military deterrence with 37 diplomacy, dialogue …” „… Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) relies not only on military but first and foremost on non-military …”

Dietmar Klos, Heiner Möllers, Dieter Stockfisch The military services S. 127-162

„… military policy. The remarkable thing about the decision of the Constitutional Court judges was that in …” „… 127 The military services Dietmar Klos, Heiner Möllers, Dieter Stockfisch The Army, Air Force …” „… the tasks of the Bundeswehr as part of the country’s security and defence policy. They have the …”

Manfred Engelhardt Jointness in the Bundeswehr S. 163-180

„… duplicate armed forces tasks to a joint major military organisational element. In order to understand this …” „… Territorial Army depots in the division and corps rear areas. Military district and territorial commands were …” „… (JSS) was set up in 2000 as an independent major military organisational element while many of the …”

Helmuth Heumann The armament acquisition process – nature, development, challenges S. 251-280

„… that these specialists were generally referred to as military civil servants. They were members of the …” „… armed forces and held a military rank, but were legally civil servants. In the Wehrmacht, they were …” „… Blasius referred to the military historian Hartmut Schustereit (2000) who pointed out a severe weak spot …”

Stefan Bayer The political economy of German defence Theoretical determinants and practical design of the federal budget as exemplified by Departmental Budget 14 S. 227-250

„… number of tasks with dwindling financial resources. This impression has been confirmed by both military …” „… as well as Bundeswehr missions and tasks derived from them, see the Defense Policy Guidelines of …” „… financial policy aims requires careful planning of the financial means needed to achieve them. For this …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… , and requirements Sven Bernhard Gareis 49 German defence and military policy in the UN, NATO and …” „… the EU from the point of view of the Military Policy Division, Armed Forces Staff Hans-Werner …” „… Ina Wiesner 13 Part I The foundations of German defence German security policy Stephan …”

Gregor Richter Modernisation in the Bundeswehr – privatisation and public-private partnerships (PPP) S. 281-294

„… military policy are usually also considered in addition to mere economic and cost-effectiveness factors …” „… connection with the closure of military stations and real estate as a result of the previous Bundeswehr …” „… Bundeswehr’s non-military mobility requirements more economically. The idea was to maintain a smaller but …”

Dieter Heuer The Federal Defence Administration S. 193-226

„… there always was and still is more to military affairs than just strategy and tactics and the …” „… the fact that national defence does not only include military tasks in the narrower sense, but …” „… , logically, also administrative functions. While the Bundeswehr Concept required the purely military tasks to …”

Stéphane Beemelmans Foreword S. 9-10

„… security and defence policy over the past two decades. The Bundeswehr, as one of Germany’s main …” „… instruments for implementing its security policy, can only fulfil this role credibly and effectively if the …” „… security policy, adaptable to demographic change and sustainably funded, so as to enable it to tackle a …”

Armin Müller The Bundeswehr reserve S. 181-192

„… important link between the military and society. Reservists act as multipliers within an extremely wide …” „… civilian and military worlds and also often adopt a critical view towards the armed forces from the …” „… had to complete three months of reserve duty training following their term of regular military …”

Axel Hecht Preface S. 11-12

„… easy for someone who would like to study Germany’s security and defence policy in more detail to gain …” „… , within NATO, are mostly brief and fairly abstract. Moreover, the suspension of compulsory military …” „… what goes on behind the fences and walls of restricted military areas and at Bundeswehr agencies. The …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250120

Stefan Leder - Crossroads between Latin Europe and the Near East: Corollaries of the Frankish Presence in the Eastern Mediterranean (12th-14th centuries)

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Stefan Leder (ed.)

Crossroads between Latin Europe and the Near East: Corollaries of the Frankish Presence in the Eastern Mediterranean (12th-14th centuries)

Series: Istanbuler Texte und Studien (ITS)

Volume 24 2011

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Reuven Amitai Dealing with Reality: Early Mamluk Military Policy and the Allocation of Resources S. 127-144

„… Dealing with Reality: Early Mamluk Military Policy and the Allocation of Resources1 Reuven …” „… policy in its early decades. Among the factors that influenced its military policy and its …” „… a certain role in the formation of military policy. Before attempting to demonstrate that indeed …”

Yehoshua Frenkel Jihād in the Medieval Mediterranean Sea: Naval War and Religious Endowment under the Mamluks S. 103-126

„… Naval Policy of the Mamluks”, Mamlūk Studies Review 5, 45-71; Terdiman, Moshe 2007, The Mamluk maritime …” „… policy in the eastern Mediterranean and in the Red Sea, unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Haifa …” „… Ayyubid policy of demolition,16 although not of total flattening, of Syria’s coastal cities and …”

Peter Herde The Relations of the Papacy with Mongol and Muslim Rulers in the Late Thirteenth Century S. 203-226

„… anti-Mamluk policy and established contacts with Hülägü,4 his successors’ relations with the Il-Khans Abaqa …” „… middle of the century onwards, papal policy with regard to the Mongols was a combination of missionary …” „… occupied with internal problems and with military actions against the Aragonese on the island of Sicily …”

Introduction S. 7-12

„… political rule, establishing dominions, carrying out military campaigns and intensifying trade. After a …” „… increasing presence of Franks in Byzantium during the 12th century. Their indispensable military services …” „… and treatises, political discourse and official jihād-policy © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul …”

Stefan Leder Sunni Resurgence, Jihād Discourse and the Impact of the Frankish Presence in the Near East S. 79-102

„… activities have to be considered: Military confrontation and its political framework, the broader movement …” „… , more than is done usually, the discourse of jihād from proper military engagement against the Frankish …” „… wider religious-political concept of just rule. Military activities against the Franks were imbedded …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… Mamluk Military Policy and the Allocation of Resources........................ 127 Frankish Presence in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783956506765

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