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Torsten Körber - Standardessentielle Patente, FRAND-Verpflichtungen und Kartellrecht. Standard Essential Patents, FRAND Commitments and Competition Law

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Torsten Körber

Standardessentielle Patente, FRAND-Verpflichtungen und Kartellrecht. Standard Essential Patents, FRAND Commitments and Competition Law

Series: Kartell- und Regulierungsrecht

Volume 6 2013

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Orange-Book-Standard test S. 254-301

„… license relating to the intellectual property right which is defended by means of the patent infringement …” „… that if the party seeking a license reserved the right to challenge the legal validity of the patent …” „… to include (in the offer for a license agreement) at least a special right of termination on the part …”

Licensing duty S. 188-221

„… request for a license describing the service requested. In this case, a right of use arises directly from …” „… rightholder has already granted licenses, but now refuses to grant further licenses or makes the grant of …” „… of rights is raised, such a practice may potentially be justified by the fact that the rightholder …”

Compatibility of the Orange-Book-Standard test with EU competition law S. 301-318

„… special right of termination for such a case.389 ? Finally, the party seeking a license does not have to …” „… strictly as is done by some of the lower courts387: ? Under the correct view, the party seeking a license …” „… or deposit license fees for the past use of the patent. If it, nevertheless, deposits a sum by way of …”

1: Summary S. 173-180

„… right of termination of the party requesting a license in such a case. In the absence of any such …” „… the party requesting a license makes use of its statutory rights to take legal action as long as the …” „… , competition in the downstream product market because suppliers in this market depend on the grant of a license …”

Obligation of national courts to adhere to competition rules and the principle of effectiveness S. 251-254

„… sufficient that the patent user has a right under competition law for the grant of a compulsory license on …” „… 251 based upon a combination of a maximum total license fee with a numerical proportional …” „… exercise of rights conferred by Community law (principle of effectiveness)”. 251 These principles do not …”

Assertion of a cease and desist claim as an abuse within the meaning of Article 102 TFEU S. 221-228

„… the recognition of a right to use the patent without the consent of the rightholder if the user has …” „… property rights, Member States shall ensure “that the judicial authorities may, at the request of the …” „… imminent infringement of an intellectual property right, or to forbid, on a provisional basis and subject …”

Inhaltsverzeichnis / Table of Contents S. 9-16

„… cease and desist order 185 I. General standard 185 II. Enforcement of rights as an abuse of rights …” „… essentialia negotii of the license agreement 193 cc) FRAND declaration and licensing declaration pursuant …” „… of the base and prohibition of abuse under competition law 240 IV. Calculation of the license fee …”

Calculation of the license fee in case of a plurality of patents S. 243-251

„… 243 IV. Calculation of the license fee in case of a plurality of patents The traditional approach …” „… license fee, these patent thickets lead to considerable problems in relation to the determination of …” „… total of the individual license fees is generally higher than it would be if all SEPs could be licensed …”

Preface S. 7-8

„… of the patent holder’s rights, competition law takes a critical position towards restrictions of …” „… circumstances, the competition law provisions against the abuse of market power, however, grant a right to a …” „… standards-essential patents with regard to the use of their intellectual property rights, in particular addressing the …”

Base for calculating the license fee S. 235-243

„… discriminatory license fee has the effect that the sale of competitive end products will be economically impaired …” „… of the end product constitute the only possible base for the calculation of the license fee. Such a …” „… that the license fee should be calculated on the basis of the smallest saleable patent-practicing unit …”

Enforcement of rights as an abuse of rights? S. 185-188

„… ). II. Enforcement of rights as an abuse of rights? At first glance, it may appear doubtful whether the …” „… holder of an intellectual property right “has every right” to exclude others from using such right and to …” „… the right to adopt a course of conduct or take measures which are not in themselves abuses and which …”

Starting point S. 181-182

„… to the effects on competition of a refusal to grant a license or a discriminatory licensing practice …” „… , the grant of rights required by potential suppliers of this product to place the product on the market …” „… regularly forms a distinct market upstream of the product market. The grant of such rights is …”

Market definition S. 182-183

„… where the product produced by means of the license is offered (downstream product market). In its …” „… protected by property rights is defined by an industrial standard or by any other set of rules adhered to by …” „… customers like a standard, the grant of rights required by potential suppliers of this product to place the …”

Literaturverzeichnis / Bibliography S. 319-322

„… , Maurits: A Tale of Two Tragedies – A Plea for Open Standards, and some Comments on the RAND Report …” „… , a Misleading Index of Patent Value: A Critique of Goodman&Myers and its Uses, http://dx.doi.org …” „… (u.a.), Köln 2010, S. 373 Shapiro, Carl: Navigating the Patent Thicket – Cross Licenses, Patent Pools …”

Bemessung der Lizenzgebühr bei einer Vielzahl von Patenten S. 95-104

„… , Antitrust Enforcement and Intellectual Property Rights: Promoting Innovation and Competition, April 2007, S …” „… Shapiro, Navigating the Patent Thicket – Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting, in …” „… Enforcement and Intellectual Property Rights: Promoting Innovation and Competition, April 2007, S. 64 f. 97 1 …”

Lizenzierungspflicht S. 38-72

„… ) unterliegen.29 27 Nr. 12 der ETSI Rules of Procedure vom November 2011 beruft das französische Recht zur …” „… – FRAND-Grundsätze. 44 Tapia, Industrial Property Rights, Technical Standards and Licensing Practices (FRAND) in …” „… klar für eine rechtsverbindliche Wirkung. Darin ist von „rights and obligations“ die Rede; insbesondere …”

More detailed specification of the FRAND standard S. 230-235

„… , other contractual terms such as the grant of cross-licenses171 or the disclosure of know-how, special …” „… analysis of the license fees. The negotiation of the exact licensing terms is, in practice, regularly left …” „… of licenses for patents belonging to other standards or to no standard at all (non-SEPs) is, in …”

FRAND or “no reasonable relation”? S. 228-230

„… . FRAND or “no reasonable relation”? An obligation to grant a license under competition law would be of no …” „… by the grant of compulsory licenses would not be achieved if a license was granted pro forma and the …” „… conclusion of a license agreement by claiming excessively high fees or to delay such conclusion in an …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845247359

Stephan T. Meyer - Miturheberschaft bei freier Software

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Stephan T. Meyer

Miturheberschaft bei freier Software

Series: GLEISS LUTZ Schriftenreihe zum deutschen und internationalen Wirtschaftsrecht

Volume 35 2011

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GNU General Public License, version 3 S. 281-289

„… work. This License acknowledges your rights of fair use or other equivalent, asprovided by copyright …” „… not terminate the licenses of parties who havereceived copies or rights from you under this License …” „… further restrictions onthe exercise of the rights granted or affirmed underthis License. For example, you …”

GNU General Public License, version 2 S. 277-281

„… permitted to copy and distributeverbatim copies of this license document, butchanging it is not …” „… License; theyare outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from …” „… ; keepintact all the notices that refer to this License andto the absence of any warranty; and give any …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 265-276

„… International Law Aspects of the Protection of Works and Objects of Related RightsTransmitted through Digital …” „… Intellectual Property Rights in an Age of Globalism, in: Virginia Journalof International Law 37 (1997), S …” „… ., Global Use/Territorial Rights: Private International Law Questions of the Global …”

Modified BSD License S. 289-290

„… Modified BSD LicenseModified BSD License1345Copyright (c) , All rights …” „… http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php (abgerufen am 6.3.2011).269LIZENZTEXTEArtistic License, version 1.01346PreambleThe intent of this …” „… right tomake reasonable modifications.Definitions:• “Package” refers to the collection of …”

Artistic License, version 1.0 S. 290-292

„… LIZENZTEXTEArtistic License, version 1.01346PreambleThe intent of this document is to state the …” „… artistic control over the development ofthe package, while giving the users of the package the right to use …” „… conditions under which a Package may be copied, suchthat the Copyright Holder maintains some semblance of …”

Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen S. 164-176

„… ) („Noformalities are essential to the creation of a license.“).819 Oddo v. Ries, 743 F.2d 630, 634 (9th Cir …” „… of a property right that can be accomplishedby gift no less than by sale.“; Goldstein, 5:1.151III …” „… folgende Aussage getroffenwurde: „A license agreement is a contract governed by ordinary principles of …”

Arten der Softwarelizenzierung S. 176-180

„… transactions do not merely constitute the sale of a license to usethe software. The shrinkwrap license included …” „… using astandard form of(1) a small number of copies of software to an end user; or(2) the right to …” „… action or forbearance is binding if injustice can be avoided only byenforcement of the promise. The …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-20

„… rightsUCC Uniform Commercial CodeUFITA Archiv für Urheber- und MedienrechtUrhG UrheberrechtsgesetzWCT WIPO …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240Stichwortverzeichnis 241Literaturverzeichnis 245Lizenztexte 257GNU General Public License, version …” „… 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257GNU General Public License, version 3 …”

Kurzanalyse der GPLv2 S. 191-194

„… )?) (S. 151).955 Moglen, Declaration, S. 4: „The GPL is a very simple form of copyright license, as …” „… Vertragsschluss dauerhaft wirk-948 Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 357(1), 358(1) (1981).949 Ebd …” „… .[. . .] The GPL [. . .] actually subtracts from the author’s usual exclusive rights under copyright …”

Copyleft S. 23-25

„… ; Heffan, S. 1511, spricht von „an island of collaboration and publicaccess in a sea of proprietary rights …” „… Sester, S. 797 liSp.33 „[. . .] must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of …” „… jedochkeine bedingungslose Pflicht zur Weitergabe zu bestehen.Insbesondere die GNU General Public License …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231426

Axel Hoffmann - Erfindungsbezogene Auflagen in öffentlich-geförderten FuE-Projekten

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Axel Hoffmann

Erfindungsbezogene Auflagen in öffentlich-geförderten FuE-Projekten

Series: Schriften zum geistigen Eigentum und zum Wettbewerbsrecht

Volume 78 2016

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Anhang C: 35 U.S.C. § 200-212 (Patent Rights In Inventions Made With Federal Assistance) S. 204-211

„… of the invention— (1) license or assign whatever rights it may acquire in the subject invention to …” „… CHAPTER 18 - PATENT RIGHTS IN IN- VENTIONS MADE WITH FEDERAL ASSIS- TANCE (Quelle: Office of the Law …” „… ff.pdf 1 23.10.2015 08:46:33 Anhang C: 204 35 U.S.C. §§ 200-212 § 202 Disposition of rights (a) Each …”

Anhang E: 37 C.F.R. Part 401 (Rights to Inventions Made by Nonprofit Organizations and Small Business Firms Under Government Grants, Contracts, and Cooperative Agreements) S. 213-229

„… clause at § 401.14 as follows: This license will include the right of the government to sublicense …” „… related to research activities sponsored by the government. Notwithstanding the right of research …” „… by the agency that restriction or elimination of the right to retain title to any subject invention …”

Landesbericht USA S. 47-78

„… FuE-Projekt eine patentierbare Erfindung, verwirklicht sich die Grundidee der License Policy im »Right to …” „… USA 62 stände geboten, um eine Umgehung der License Policy zu vermeiden.148 Die Standard Patent Rights …” „… Congress shall have Power (...) To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited …”

Vergleichende Analyse S. 113-146

„… das Right to Retain Title die vom Kongress bevorzugte License Policy. Hintergrund ist die empirische …” „… Definition der Subject Invention im Funding Agreement (»in the performance of work under a funding agreement …” „… «) konkretisiert durch ein Statement of Work, welches die konkreten Projektaufgaben definiert.436 In der deutschen …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-18

„… Verwertungsbeschränkungen für Nonprofit-OrganisationenVII. 70 Nutzungslizenz zugunsten der USAVIII. 71 »March-in Right«IX …” „… Property (CASRIP) an der University of Washington - School of Law für Ihre freundliche Aufnahme und …” „… Patentpraxis nach Maßgabe des Bayh-Dole ActB. 54 »Standard Patent Rights Clauses«I. 54 »Subject Invention«II …”

Schlussfolgerungen zur Fortentwicklung der deutschen Förderbedingungen S. 147-170

„… das March-in Right bei der Einführung des Bayh-Dole Act für unabdingbar erachtet, um befürchtete …” „… Statement of Work beziehungsweise der Vorhabenbeschreibung im Zuwendungsbescheid ergibt.549 Die in den …” „… koordinieren. Dieses Prinzip liegt der in den USA erfolgreichen License Policy zu- 4. II. Siebtes Kapitel …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845270593

Andreas Busch, Jeanette Hofmann - Politik und die Regulierung von Information

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Andreas Busch (ed.), Jeanette Hofmann (ed.)

Politik und die Regulierung von Information

Series: Sonderheft PVS

Volume 2012

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Jeanette Hofmann Private Ordering in the Shadow of Copyright Law: Google Books as a Blueprint S. 252-276

„… sell licenses not only on behalf of their members but also non-member rights holders, thereby signii …” „… between rights holders and end-users – and thus the workings of mass markets. Licenses owe their rising …” „… regulated by license contracts. What is more, without the transfer of property rights, books are transformed …”

Leonhard Dobusch, Sigrid Quack Organisation und strategisches Framing privater Regulierung: Urheberrecht zwischen Kreativität und Verwertung S. 277-323

„… Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, TRIPS) aus dem Jahre 1995 schuf erstmalig ein für alle 153 …” „… and other entities to safeguard intellectual property rights as a cornerstone of our global …” „… consumer choices, while protecting the rights of all who make something of value with their minds, their …”

Ingrid Schneider Die Politisierung des Patentrechts als Herausforderung für Patentrechtstheorien: Von der Janusköpfi gkeit des Patentrechts zum Plädoyer für eine Erneuerung des ihm zugrundeliegenden Sozialvertrags S. 212-252

„… trade-off between the constitutional dimension of those individual rights and the expected overall social …” „… der „geistigen Eigentumsrechte“ (Intellectual Property Rights), der qua der internationalen Dominanz …” „… der „tragedy of the anticommons“ (Heller/ Eisenberg 1998, Heller 2008) zusammengefasst, wonach zu …”

Irene Troy, Raymund Werle Wissen handelbar gemacht? Politik und Patente S. 156-193

„… industrielle Prozesse („Royalties, License Fees, and Other Receipts and Payments for Intangible Rights Between …” „… Property Rights and the Market for Know-How. Economics of Innovation and New Technology 4: 41–60. Arora …” „… simply a gift of [human] nature or another ‘aspect of man’“ (Jessop 2007:117). Vgl. aus einer anderen …”

Charles D. Raab Privacy, Social Values and the Public Interest S. 133-156

„… damaging challenges to rights-based defences of privacy, especially if such defences are founded on the …” „… ; Westin 1967, p. 24). Lindsay has described the deontological nature of rights-based constructions of …” „… 2008, ch. 4).4 In the discourse around “balancing”, the individual right of privacy is too often …”

Oriol Costa Fernandez, Henk Erik Meier Is the downloading of the new global IPR regime changing the EU? The second image reversed of intellectual property rights S. 469-503

„… EU? The second image reversed of intellectual property rights Oriol Costa Fernandez / Henk Erik Meier …” „… international negotiations and regimes? The evolution of international regimes on intellectual property rights …” „… Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights’ (TRIPS), which became part of the WTO framework in 1995 …”

Beate Rössler Soziale Dimensionen des Privaten S. 105-133

„… etwa Priscilla Regan, “I argue that privacy is not only of value to the individual, but also to …” „… society in general (...). Privacy is a common value in that all individuals value some degree of privacy …” „… level of privacy” (Regan 1995, S. 213; kursiv im Original). Wir werden auf diese dreifache Bestimmung …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845238340

Susanne Müller, Henning Rosenau - Stammzellen - iPS-Zellen - Genomeditierung. Stem Cells - iPS Cells - Genome Editing

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Susanne Müller (ed.), Henning Rosenau (ed.)

Stammzellen - iPS-Zellen - Genomeditierung. Stem Cells - iPS Cells - Genome Editing

Series: Schriften zum Bio-, Gesundheits- und Medizinrecht

Volume 34 2018

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Ulrich Storz Ethics and Biotech patents – where two worlds collide S. 329-348

„… regard the invention as so abhorrent that the grant of patent rights would be inconceiv- 1 EPO Guidelines …” „… from the proprietor the right to use the invention, and 2. the public interest demands the grant of a …” „… patent law the right place to decide about the ethical legitimacy of a new technology? The German Patent …”

Rosario Isasi Human Genome Editing: Reflections on Policy Convergence and Global Governance S. 287-298

„… establishment of a centralized, independent, and transparent public authority empowered to grant licenses and …” „… : History provides us with an abundance of cases illustrating how societies have confronted enduring ethical …” „… and moral concerns elicited by disruptive scientific developments. In the field of human genomics …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845291901

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