„… Fundamentals of Energy LawEnergyThe word energy stems from the ancient Greek term “energeia …” „… ), Erneuerbare Energien (5th edn, Springer 2013, correc­ted reprint 2014) 2, 3.2 Fundamentals of Energy Law18 …” „… important in the future, especially in industrial use.15Energy lawLaw can be defined as rules of conduct …”

„… Fundamentals of Energy Law2 17Energy2.1 17Forms of energy2.2 17Energy sources2.3 18Energy law2.4 19Overview of …” „… European Energy LawRenate Pirstner-EbnerMarket System for Electricity and Gas – Energy Supply …” „… LawMarket System for Electricity and Gas – Energy Supply Security – Green Energy System of the Future (Green …”

„… (Verlag Österreich 2015) 25 (41).3.1 Competences21Primary European Union LawThe primary EU energy law …” „… seq. TFEU).27Secondary European Union LawElectricityTwo legal acts primarily regulate the electricity …” „… regulation is directly applicable and therefore may not be transposed into national law.GasThe EU determined …”

„… Op­eratorsʼ in Christopher Jones and William-James Kettlewell (eds), EU Energy Law – The Internal Energy …” „… energy law because the electricity and gas system operators are in a monopoly position to­wards the other …” „… access of system users. This core aspect of energy law shall be discussed in conjunction with the system …”

„… protection of fundamental rights, private international law presents some particularities compared to other …” „… the spouses does not affect any fundamental right. Only the substantial rules of the applicable law …” „… . The situation is different in international procedural law where procedural fundamental rights are …”

„… 115 Transparency of Standard Terms as a Fundamental Right of European Law Edoardo Ferrante I …” „… . The European ‘Constitutionalization’ of Consumer Protection EU primary law, including the Treaties …” „… and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘CFR’), sets out only few provisions on …”

„… 227  Fundamental Rights and Private Law – A Blueprint for Analysis with Spanish Eyes David …” „… Ramos Muñoz I. Introduction Discussing the role of fundamental rights in private law is challenging …” „… and private law. The emphasis of the question of the ‘horizontal effect’ of fundamental rights often …”

„… : Law-in-the-Books versus Law-in-Action Comparative lawyers traditionally divide the legal systems in ‘families …” „… 203  European Fundamental Rights and Private Law: The Dutch System in the Context of Different …” „… of horizontal application of European fundamental rights in private law in the broader context of …”

„… Fundamental Rights and Private Law Europäisches Privatrecht 47 Nomos Europäisches Privatrecht Sektion B …” „… . Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.) EU-Grundrechte und Privatrecht EU Fundamental Rights and Private Law Nomos …” „… Ferrante Transparency of Standard Terms as a Fundamental Right of European Law …”

„… case-law of the Constitutional Court. In deciding whether the three laws adopted in 2007 to fight …” „… relationships normally governed by rules of private law, is a topic which has already been extensively examined …” „… Jafferali 150 direct horizontal effect’.2 By this expression, borrowed from German law to which they …”

„… , ‘European Fundamental Rights and Private Law: The Dutch System in the Context of Different Legal Families …” „… Comandé (Hrsg.), Fundamental Rights and Private Law in the European Union. Volume 1: A Comparative …” „… Dazu D Ramos Muñoz, ‘Fundamental Rights and Private Law – A Blueprint for Analysis with Spanish Eyes …”

„… Recht D Ramos Muñoz, ‘Fundamental Rights and Private Law – A Blueprint for Analysis with Spanish …” „… Muñoz, ‘Fundamental Rights and Private Law – A Blueprint for Analysis with Spanish Eyes’, in diesem …” „… Drittwirkung zu verwenden.78 ____________________  78 D Ramos Muñoz, ‘Fundamental Rights and Private Law – A …”

„… Fundamental Rights on Private International Law’, in diesem Band. Bettina Heiderhoff 90 Da der ordre …” „… , Band 1 (Seller de Gruyter 2013) Rn. 195. 11 In diesem Band D Ramos Muñoz, ‘Fundamental Rights and …” „… Private Law – A Blueprint for Analysis with Spanish Eyes’. 12 Näher S Kamanabrou in diesem Band, ‘Der …”

„… III. FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF EU SOFT LAW1. Introduction and overview1.1. IntroductionThe purpose …” „… .III. FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF EU SOFT LAW150law.397 The former has a broad scope, its provisions are (and have to …” „… and the Commissionof 27th April 1977, C103/1, on fundamental rights; see Österdahl, Soft Law 37 …”

„… (funda‐mental) ideas used in legal scholarship, ‘law’ and ‘soft law’, however, donot appear to be exceptional in …” „… of this term is thatit makes use of a fundamental and advanced notion: law – and modifiesits meaning …” „… international law – simi‐larly to private law with its fundamental principle of private autonomy –the rule …”

„… Rightsand Fundamental FreedomsECLI European Case Law IdentifierECSC European Coal and Steel CommunityECtHR …” „… Regulators for Electronic CommunicationsBGB Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch: Civil Law Code (of Germany)CCP Common …” „… Comprehensive Economic and Trade AgreementCFR Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European UnionCFSP Common …”

„… legal order and thus was dedicatedto fundamental questions of EU soft law. Some of the most important …” „… ensure itscompliance with EU law, the fundamental distinction between implementa‐tion and enforcement …” „… ) competences,neither of which seems to conform to the spirit of fundamental principlesof EU law, such as the rule of …”

„… Compliance’ in M Cremona and B de Witte (eds), EU Foreign Relations Law.Constitutional Fundamentals (Hart …” „… , security and justice, and its impact on fundamental rights,democracy and the rule of law’ (9 April 2018 …” „… of Soft LawMeasures Enacted by the ECB against the Financial Crisis before the EuropeanCourts’ (2018 …”

„… considered binding – to the extent thatthey conflict with EU fundamental rights (in case of UN law) or to …” „… ‘soft law’by the EU and its institutions and other bodies. It aims at improving theunderstanding of EU …” „… , ‘soft law’shall be tested against the EU primary law framework: To which extent dothe Treaties allow for …”

„… ‘soft law’1. 75Delimitation of soft law2. 108FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF EU SOFT LAWIII. 149Introduction …” „… its Importance in Ensuring Member Statesʼ Compliance with Union LawBeiträge zum ausländischen …” „… Importance in Ensuring Member Statesʼ Compliance with Union LawThe Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this …”

„… Law’(Communication), COM/2002/725, 11 f; more recently: Commission, ‘EU law:Better results through better application …” „… –if the measures to be proposed pursuant to para 1 leg cit are qualified as soft law(in Articles 22 f …” „… law-based) compliance mechanisms.2123 Eventually, theoutput-related structure of the mechanisms shall be …”

„… 28January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law,establishing the …” „… Acts (Selection)64Commission, ‘28th Annual Report on Monitoring the Application of EU Law’,COM(2011 …” „… Fundamental Rights [2007] OJ L53/1Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of …”

„… presented, analysed and more generallydiscussed fundamental questions of EU soft law, we shall now …” „… fundamental-rights/upholding-rule-law/rule-law/assistance-bulgaria-and-romania-under-cvm/cooperation-and-verification-mechanism-bulgaria-and-romania_en>accessed 28 March 2023; see also von Bogdandy/Ioannidis, Deficiency 85–87.1688 Excluded from this survey is …” „… new EU Framework to strengthen the Rule of Law’(Communication), COM(2014) 158 final, 5; see also …”

„… DEFINITION,?HISTORICAL?EVOLUTION?AND?LEVELS?OF?MAKINGAND?ENFORCEMENT?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONAL?FINANCIAL?LAWSECTION?THREE10?Definition,?delimitation?and?branches?of?public?international?financial?law. 10?Definition1. 10 …” „… AN?OVERVIEW?OF?THE?SOURCES?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONALFINANCIAL?LAWSECTION?FIVE1??The?main?sources?of?public?international?financial?lawA. 1??Introductory?remarks1. 1 …” „… More?specifically:?panics?as?the?main?channel?for?negativeexternalities?in?banking1.3.2?4Introduction1.3.2.1 ?4The?non-fundamental?theory1.3.2.2 ?5The?fundamental?theory1.3.2.3 ?5 …”

„… Financial LawInternational Banking Law within the system of Public International Financial …” „… LawNomosBUT_Gortsos_7180-9_HC.indd 3 20.07.12 09:331. Auflage 2012© Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2012 …” „… WeitzelBUT_Gortsos_7180-9_HC.indd 2 20.07.12 09:33Prof. Dr. Christos GortsosFundamentals of Public International …”

„… ?withdraw?funds?fromthe?banking?system?massively.?Depending?on?the?economic?event?triggering?depositors’?sudden?demand?for?convertibility,?the?models?on?banking?panics?are?classified?inaccordance?with?two?theories:• the?non-fundamental?theory?(see?under?1.3.2.2?below),?and• the?fundamental?theory?(under?1.3.2.3 …” „… ).The?non-fundamental?theoryThe?non-fundamental?theory?considers?bank?panics?to?be?caused?by?random?large?fundwithdrawals?from?the?banking?system.?According?to?the?‘sunspot’?or?‘random?withdrawal?hypothesis’,?panics?can?be?triggered?by?“anything that causes depositors toanticipate a run such as a bad earnings report …” „… The?fundamental?theoryAccording?to?this?theory,?bank?panics?are?caused?by?any?economic?event?that?can?inducedepositors?to?change?perceptions?about?bank?risk?exposure:?“if depositors change, ona rational basis, their perception of asset riskiness they will not be able …”

„… Law,?Notes?for?the?post-graduate?program?of?the?EuropaInstitut,?Universität?des?Saarlandes,?second?edition,?updated,?June,?at:?http://www.ecefil.eu//UplFiles/monographs/European%20Banking%20Law_Saarland_June2012.pdfGortsos,?C.V.?(2012c):?Current Developments in European …” „… Law,?Oxford?University?Press,?Oxford?-?New?YorkBenston,?J.,?Eisenbeis,?R.A.,?Horvitz,?P.M.,?Kane,?E.?and?G.G.?Kaufman?(1986):?Perspectives onSafe and Sound Banking: Past, Present and Future,?The?MIT?press,?Cambridge …” „… Law,?second?edition,?OxfordUniversity?Press,?Oxford?-?New?YorkBlair,?W.?(2010 …”

„… lawIntroductory?remarksGeneral?remarksThe?international?fora?mentioned?in?Section?Four?above?have?issued?hundreds?of?reportssince?their?establishment,?containing?international?financial?standards?and?constitutingthe?sources?of?public?international?financial?law,?in?its?various?branches,?in?accordancewith?what?is?mentioned?in?Section?Three?(under?A.2 …” „… CHAPTER?THREETHE?SOURCES?OF?PUBLIC?INTERNATIONALBANKING?LAWAN?OVERVIEW?OF?THE?SOURCES?OF?PUBLICINTERNATIONAL?FINANCIAL?LAWThe …” „… r?can?consult?the?relevant?internet?sites?ofthese?fora.Another?source?of?public?international?financial?law?is?the?General?Agreement?on?Tradein?Services?(GATS).?With?regard?to?international?trade?in?financial?services?the?provisions?of?the?following?documents?are?also?relevant?in?this?context?(as?already?mentioned?in?Section?Three?above,?under?C?3.2.2 …”

„… ”• IOSCO?“Code?of?Conduct?Fundamentals?forCredit?Rating?Agencies”?(revised?in?May200?)7.?Exchange-Traded?Funds FSBNational?states/authorities2011 FSB?“Potential FinancialStability …” „… ?? The?prevalent?term?under?international?economic?law?for?such?establishments?is?‘commercialpresence’?(see?Article?XXVIII(d)?of?the?General?Agreement?on?Trade?in?Services).By?contrast,?under?EU?banking? law,? 'host'? competent?authorities?are?defined?as …” „… InformationExchange”237THE?MAIN?SOURCES?OF?PUBLICINTERNATIONAL?BANKING?LAWThe regulatory framework of the Basel …”

„… ?the?currently?applicable?regulatory?framework?and?introduce?novel?means?of?microprudential?regulation.?Nevertheless,?the?fundamental?novelty?of?‘Basel?III’?is?the?adoption? of? rules? on?macro-prudential? regulation.? In? this? sense,?Hannoun’s? remark …” „… ??undoubtedly?also?due?tothe?fact?that?most?had?transposed?the?provisions?of?‘Basel?II’?into?their?national?law …” „… cense?to?accept?deposits?fromthe?public?(they?were?not?‘depository?institutions’?according?to?United?States?law)?and?were?notsubject?to?binding?rules?regarding?their?capital?adequacy.?On?this,?see?Posner?(2010),?pp.?55-60,and?Tirole?(2010),?pp.?24-26.Here …”

„… international financial law. The Report was conducted with theclose cooperation of all the above-mentioned …” „… ?,?it?should?beconsistent?with?the?IOSCO?Code?of?Conduct?Fundamentals …” „… ?important?decisions?were?made?regarding?the?readjustment?of?the?internationalfinancial?system?and?of?public?international?financial?law.?On?the?basis?of?and?furtherto?the?Action?Plan?for?strengthening?the?financial?sector?announced?at?the?G20 …”

„… 9 Sovereignty, the WTO and Changing Fundamentals of International Law1 John H. Jackson * I wish …” „… fundamental situation of international law generally, and the impact on international law (B.). The third …” „… “law-making”. Nevertheless, one can argue that there are appropriate cases where such ideas should prevail …”

„… fundamental rights of the Basic Law explaining them as macro-economic systemic consequences of the …” „… 79 The Rule of Law in the Relation of State and Market – German, European and US-American …” „… Approaches* Peter-Christian Müller-Graff ** The rule of law in the relation of state and market is a …”

„… WTO and the Changing Fundamentals of International Law”. The volume also includes the text of …” „… 5 Foreword A transatlantic dialogue on varying perspectives on international economic law was …” „… Europäisches Graduiertenkolleg, the IGW, and the Faculty of Law of the University of Heidelberg, in June 2007 …”

„… 23 The Constitutionalisation of Europe: Law for Politics and the Economy Peter-Christian …” „… Müller-Graff* The constitutionalisation of Europe in the sense of binding law for politics and the economy1 …” „… 1648, the birth document of modern international law – will not be pursued further2, it will not be a …”

„… Treaty. 57 applying substantive law, which show fundamental congruencies, thus seem to be of interest …” „… equivalent on the WTO level. Yet this follows to a large degree from WTO law’s lack of a direct effect …” „… against infringements of the EC Treaty and of secondary law by a certain member state. Most direct claims …”