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Rolf Frankenberger, Elena Chernenkova - Local Governance and Public Wellbeing

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Rolf Frankenberger (ed.), Elena Chernenkova (ed.)

Local Governance and Public Wellbeing

Series: Schriftenreihe des Europäischen Zentrums für Föderalismus-Forschung Tübingen (EZFF)

Volume 51 2020

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Elena Chernenkova NGOs Social Projects in the Development of the Urban Social Space S. 169-190

„… Development of the Urban Social Space Elena Chernenkova Summary The focus of modern city development …” „… foster the development of NGO activities Keywords: creative social space, social innovation theory …” „… construction of the modern social space of cities at the supranational, national and local levels. At the same …”

Irina Miljukova, Polina Kopteva The Urban Environment through the Eyes of Residents of Petrozavodsk S. 127-140

„… , social space, comfortable urban environment, citizen participation. The global process of urbanization …” „… : housing and adjacent spaces, street infrastructure, greening and water spaces, social and leisure …” „… French sociologist P. Bourdieu, the authors of this article consider the physical and social city space …”

Denis I. Sachuk The Role of the Middle Class in the Development of Creative Urban Space S. 86-94

„… social structure transformation occurs and defines what creative urban space looks like in the modern …” „… sociocultural definitions of urban space which are connected with institutional arrangements and social nets …” „… urban space is closely correlated to traditional measures of economic and social development. As one …”

Examples from Baden-Württemberg and the Republic of Karelia the Contributionsto this Volume S. 18-23

„… of urban social spaces. She argues that the focus of modern city development strategies is on …” „… and wellbeing, too. Especially when it comes to social relations and opportunities for social contact …” „… level, developing civic engagement, strong social networks, and identifying assets rather than deficits …”

Ekaterina Shestakova Sister-City Connections as a Tool for the Development of Social Creativity(on the Example of Petrozavodsk) S. 239-250

„… a city to a qualitatively new level of development. In this article creative social space is defined …” „… , wellbeing, creative social space, sociocultural resources, people’s diplomacy In the modern world states are …” „… social space for “uniting and implementing creative cultural, scientific, and social projects”13. There …”

Wellbeing, Politics and Civil Society S. 15-16

„… income or social mobility. Fifth, social relationships with partner and family are very important for …” „… wellbeing. Social trust is also linked positively with life satisfaction and happiness. In addition, “the …” „… number and strength of social connections are among the largest and most robust predictors of subjective …”

Lessons Learned: A Conclusion S. 24-26

„… improving Petrozavodsk’s cultural resources and to create social innovation for urban development. Using …” „… from different social and political environments with different historical experiences and cultural …” „… construction of public space. Second, the level and degree of involvement of civil society impacts local …”

Anni Schlumberger, Elisa Söll Online Citizen Participation: Opportunities and Constraints S. 64-76

„… the academic realm and public space”,1 a scientific consensus is reached on at least some basic …” „… with politics to three main developments: First, the erosion of social classes and an increasing …” „… uprisings that could not have happened without the technologies of new and social media have given rise to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Development of the Urban Social Space 171 Elena Chernenkova New Approaches to Cooperation between NGOs and …” „… Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and held in Petrozavodsk. Social scientists and practitioners from …” „… volume. We also thank Stephan Klingebiel, Christopher Blum and Daniela Harsch, Major for Social Affairs …”

Wellbeing and Local Governance S. 17

„… 17 tional trust have negative impact on civil society cooperation. So, social capital and mutual …” „… of trust and especially bridging and linking social capital57 strongly depends on an enabling …” „… political and social environment. Where political regimes take action to control, limit or even suppress …”

Rolf Frankenberger, Daniel Buhr To Participate or to Oppose: Political Lifeworlds between Affirmativeand Aversive Critique of Representative Democracy S. 141-156

„… political system and the welfare state, but also by social status and people’s political lifeworld …” „… experiences and guide political action. If people make different experiences, new social cleavages might …” „… fear, or witness, a loss of traditions and routines, social, cultural and economic security, and status …”

Alisa Kruglova The Features of Territorial Image Formation (by the Example of theRepublic of Karelia) S. 118-126

„… . http://rk.karelia.ru/social/bolee-15-tysyach-turistov-perevez-retropoezd-s-nachala-leta/ (15/03/2020) (in Russian). 123 Activities …” „… of an investment project; introduction of resourcesaving technologies; social significance of an …” „… with an unstable economic and social situation. There are currently ten monotowns in Karelia which is …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748906186

Armagan Öztürk, Murat Satici - Living Together

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Armagan Öztürk (ed.), Murat Satici (ed.)

Living Together

Series: Politics, Society and Culture in Turkey | Politik, Gesellschaft und Kultur in der Türkei

Volume 4 2019

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Papatya Alkan Genca THE RIGHT BODY: DISABILITY, SOCIAL SPACE AND DISCOURSE S. 65-74

„… THE RIGHT BODY: DISABILITY, SOCIAL SPACE AND DISCOURSE Papatya Alkan Genca* Introduction At the …” „… not designed as an accessible space. In other words, I was dis-abled to fully participate in a social …” „… in a discussion of the body, disability, and social space. How does a body become the right body …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… fourth chapter by Papatya Alkan Genca is called “The Right Body: Disability, Social Space, and Discourse …” „… ”. It focuses on two main issues in relation to disability and occupying social space: the right body …” „… and regulating social space and social discourse. Moreover, the article talks about spina bifida as a …”

Armağan Öztürk PUBLICITY AND PUBLIC SPHERE S. 139-162

„… name of a space. Public spaces and the experience produced there is one of the fundamental sources of …” „… been an aspiration towards homogeneity and an effort for engineering which reformulates the social …” „… atmosphere which raises the social schizophrenia (Sennett, 2002: 38, 205; Çiğdem, 2004a: 506). The criticisms …”

Süha Atatüre TO UNDERSTAND HOW TO LIVE TOGETHER IN OUR WORLD PEACEFULLY IN THE 21st CENTURY S. 101-112

„… of this definition is time-space compression or the stretching of social relations, that is to say …” „… transformed concepts of time and space but the new social meanings that these have involved (Kaldor, 2005: 111 …” „… the material and social forces in the process from the early years of their creation. In this dual …”

Betül Bülbül Oğuz LIVING TOGETHER IN THE TOWER OF BABEL S. 183-200

„… sense of these, and to communicate with other human beings as a “social animal” only with language. This …” „… language. This is a popular myth, along with geographical, economic, social, and biological differences, to …” „… “common” geography, culture, and language through social media, no matter how far they are from each other …”

M. Ertan Kardeş DISORIENTED WARS AS A LIMIT PROBLEM OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY S. 91-100

„… soldiers). And lately, in these new wars the regular army occupies less space. While Clausewitz …” „… political units, the states of violence scattered everywhere fail to settle the politicization of the space …” „… , weiden) (Schmitt, 2007: 52-53). So, the question of nomos is a question always about the use of space …”

Özlem Denli CARL SCHMITT AND PLURALITY: AVID CERTAINTY OR REDEMPTIONTHROUGH AMBIGUITY? S. 75-90

„… social and political world. Schmitt’s renowned and highly influence critique of liberalism is closely …” „… understanding of the social in terms of antagonisms that cannot be cancelled or reduced. The radical nature of …” „… the social world (Mouffe, 1999; Mouffe, 2009). In a similar vein, Andreas Kalyvas attempts to …”

Murat Göç HOMOPHOBIA AND QUEER MOVEMENT: A POLITICAL HISTORY OF SUBVERSION AND OPPRESSION S. 163-182

„… as well as global peace efforts and attempts to create a congruent social fabric. From Mali and …” „… global homophobia reaches far beyond religious concerns or pro-family and pro-life social politics and it …” „… queer politics to ensure a peaceful and harmonious social, cultural, and political ethos. The …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845299839

Meropi Tzanetakis, Heino Stöver - Drogen, Darknet und Organisierte Kriminalität

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Meropi Tzanetakis (ed.), Heino Stöver (ed.)

Drogen, Darknet und Organisierte Kriminalität

2019

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Andreas Zaunseder, Angus Bancroft The fuzzy ideological and social space of the cryptomarkets: libertarian ideology, agorism and exchange performances S. 137-160

„… The fuzzy ideological and social space of the cryptomarkets: libertarian ideology, agorism and …” „… – in the market. Sec- The fuzzy ideological and social space of the cryptomarkets 141 ondly, all …” „… social space of the cryptomarkets 143 micro-regulation of cryptomarkets is just as much a practice in …”

Autorinnen und Autoren S. 277-280

„… Spaces: the FATF and Anti-Money Laundering`. In: Crime, Law and Social Change (2018); ‘The Crime Scene …” „… . James Martin, is Associate Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Swinburne University. He is a …” „… University of Edinburgh. Andreas’ research interest lies in alternative grassroots economies and spaces. He …”

James Martin Revisiting Drugs on the Darknet: Key Issues and Debates in the Cryptomarket Drugs Trade S. 209-228

„… personal consumption or non-commercial ‘social supply’. These findings correspond to those of Aldridge …” „… valued at levels which indicate they were intended for personal consumption and social supply rather than …” „… variety of drugs used; drug purity and knowledge thereof; the social setting of drug use; and knowledge of …”

Anja P. Jakobi, Jasmin Haunschild The global governance of crime and illegal markets: What are the implications for cyberspace? S. 63-84

„… culturally contingent, or serve particular functions in a social group, implementation is likely to be …” „… effectiveness, depending on the regulatory framework in a given context, the social acceptance of these crimes …” „… garnering support for regulations, but also leaving cyberspace as a space with less civil society engagement …”

Meropi Tzanetakis, Heino Stöver Ausblick und Anregungen für zukünftige Forschungsschwerpunkte S. 267-276

„… scoring? Cryptomarkets, social supply and drug market violence. International Journal of Drug Policy, 35 …” „… , 24–31. Demant, J., Munksgaard, R. & Houborg, E. (2016). Personal use, social supply or redistribution …” „… VS, 477-492. Tzanetakis M. (2018c). Social order of anonymous digital markets: Towards an economic …”

Meropi Tzanetakis Einleitung - Zum Phänomen der Drogenmärkte im Darknet S. 11-20

„… scoring? Cryptomarkets, social supply and drug market violence. International Journal of Drug Policy, 35 …” „… VS, 477–492. Tzanetakis M. (2018d). Social order of anonymous digital markets. Towards an economic …” „… sociology of cryptomarkets, In: Potter, G., Fountain, J., Korf, D., eds.: Place, space and time in European …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… ideological and social space of the cryptomarkets: libertarian ideology, agorism and exchange performances 137 …”

Meropi Tzanetakis Zu den Strukturen des Drogenhandels im Darknet S. 111-136

„… soziale Strukturen, Frankfurt a. Main: Campus, S. 43-62. Beckert, J. (2009). The social order of markets …” „… economic sociology. Socio-Economic Review, 11, 5–30. Bourdieu, P. (2005). Social Structures of the Economy …” „… research on social supply in the UK. In B. Werse, C. Bernard, Eds., Friendly Business. International views …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845282831

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Elizabeth Lynch

Ground in Stone

2021

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Part III. RECONSTRUCTING LANDSCAPE USE AND SOCIAL SPACE S. 113-154

doi.org/10.5771/9781793618931

Daniel Hawkins - The Struggles over City-Space

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Daniel Hawkins

The Struggles over City-Space

Series: Studien zu Lateinamerika

Volume 13 2011

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Space and geography as secondary spheres in social theory S. 55-59

„… such a preference for time over and above space in scientific theory (both social and natural)? One …” „… demands. This is done by reneging the intricate links between social relations and space as well as those …” „… the social struggles (primarily but not exclusively of a class nature) gone before and how they both …”

Introduction S. 15-26

„… would battle. Public space, for so long dismissed as a sphere of political and social unimportance, was …” „… how conceptions of space and its social roots condition the type(s) of cities that come into being …” „… of informal street vendor working conditions and ‘space’-occupying situations. Street politics, a …”

Methodology S. 27-30

„… contradictions of the capitalist mode of production are expressed in the geographical and social spaces of the …” „… the dynamics of capital accumulation’s fragmentation of space and social cohesion. Tied into the …” „… struggle and analysing specific spaces/places in cities enables one to visualize the manner in which these …”

Final Reflections S. 295-299

„… space and capital development as economically and politically homogeneous but also that ‘poor’ social …” „… of territory (political sphere). This is in line with the arguments of space-sensitive critical …” „… space-shaping convolutions. 10. Moving the theoretical debate along These historical transformations, examined …”

Opening the door to Marxian theory S. 49-55

„… radical changes (Harvey, 1972: 11; Smith, 2005). 2. Space and geography as secondary spheres in social …” „… preference for time over and above space in scientific theory (both social and natural)? One answer could …” „… space-sensitive political economists (Brenner, 1998; Brenner & Theodore, 2002; Harvey, 2000a, 2005; Lefebvre, 1996 …”

Space: a missing realm in Marxian theory? S. 59-62

„… concerning the work of Frederich Engels who gave a very space-oriented overview of how the market mechanism …” „… ). Yet, capital’s circulation and accumulation takes place in ‘relative’ space-time as exchange requires …” „… in self-audacity and superiority (Mudimbe, 1988, 1994; Said, 1993). Spatial-social colonization was …”

Incorporating geography and space into Marxian theory S. 62-66

„… ). Yet, capital’s circulation and accumulation takes place in ‘relative’ space-time as exchange requires …” „… profitable rate in the space/territory where they presently find themselves. This leads to a threat of …” „… ). Capital has evidenced numerous strategies to overcome this inherent constraint, and their space-time …”

Empirical method S. 32-36

„… inner-city spatial use representation and conceptualization (focusing primarily on the public space—informal …” „… offering a clearer understanding of the innerrelationships between social phenomena that form together a …” „… similar processes and of course divergences across both space and time which could then be noted for the …”

Moving the theoretical debate along S. 299-301

„… space-shaping convolutions. 10. Moving the theoretical debate along These historical transformations, examined …” „… 299 Informal street vending had to confront this insatiable rise in mafia-controlled space …” „… of shaping city space. Likewise, local government, faced a renewed but this time more brutal attack …”

Spatio-temporal fixes: imperialisms of capital and imperialisms of territory S. 66-70

„… process of externalizing certain costs on various spaces and social groups in the capitalist world market …” „… when both capital and labour cannot be reinvested at a profitable rate in the space/territory where …” „… to overcome this inherent constraint, and their space-time dimensions are of particular importance …”

Medellín: the interrelated spheres of industrialization, urbanization, informality and violence S. 44-48

„… public space-informal street vendor issue in the post-1991 period, even though, at a practical level …” „… governance with respect to public space and informal street vending, infinitely more dynamic and multifaceted …” „… been a host of studies that focus on the debate between public space recuperation policies and informal …”

Public space and the rule of exchange value S. 76-80

„… development and the social forces within and across time and material space. This comes back to a questioning …” „… investigate the different spaces in existence within a capitalist-regulated city. The core ‘formal …” „… ’ distinction between space in a capitalist city is that of ‘public’ and ‘private’, once more showing the …”

The Constitutional Court’s political interpretation of the informal street vending-public space recuperation conflict S. 232-240

„… interpretation of the informal street vending-public space recuperation conflict 1992 marked the first tutela …” „… State’s (specifically, local administrations) constitutional obligation to protect public space for the …” „… to conciliate the interests in dispute, i.e. the occupation of public space by informal street …”

The Birth of a Rights discourse and the emergence of a Colombian citizenry S. 128-133

„… themselves to ‘make’ their city spaces (residential, working, and social) by themselves, even while these new …” „… and definitions of the economic and social policies and projects that the administrations contemplate …” „… projects and legal avenues are created to enhance the elaboration of public projects concerning ‘social …”

Aesthetic beauty or community vivacity? S. 133-137

„… ) quality public spaces in cities is used as a politics of promoting social equality. Nonetheless …” „… 133 9. Aesthetic beauty or community vivacity? The ability that public space has to mould together …” „… animation and collective expression (Arteaga, 2007). Herein, public space can be regarded as the principle …”

The normative definition and protection of public space S. 223-226

„… informal street trade on inner-city public space, it remains necessary to look into the normativity …” „… recuperation of public space when this affects the economic activity of the informal street vendors working on …” „… this space. The Colombian Constitution of 1886 made no mention of public space, either in its …”

The 1991 Constitution: the guarantor of citizen rights S. 226-232

„… 226 public space: “It is the duty of the State to vigil for the protection and intregrity of public …” „… space and for its destination to common use, which prevails above particular interests”. Such normative …” „… precepts are based on the supposed need, in a Social State of Law (Estado Social de Derecho) that the …”

Bibliography S. 307-328

„… . Mitchell, Don (2003), The Right to the City: Social Justice & the Fight for Public Space. New York: The …” „… Stability. World Development, 12(7), 661-691. Blatter, Joachim (2004), "From 'spaces of place' to 'spaces of …” „… .), Politics and Social Movements in an Hegemonic World: Lessons from Africa, Asia and Latin America (pp …”

The spatio-temporalities of capitalism in the city: dilemmas and prospects S. 73-76

„… ) states as being a “capitalocentric discourse” in which all other forms of social and economic life are …” „… or practices that disrupt these two meta-logics. Space, as concept and practice, illustrates the …” „… alternative visions and practices within and of space, and such struggles are not only imprinted on the …”

The spheres and avenues of class power and subaltern power struggles S. 84-90

„… these social agents do possess, as already noted, is a powerful relationship to space, especially in …” „… 84 one’s material relationship to absolute space attains political and symbolic significance and …” „… becomes a powerful tool with which to ignite popular struggles. While some social groups can only exhibit …”

Independent politics and the emergence of Sergio Fajardo S. 198-212

„… , upon attaining office, Fajardo defined public space in the city as being “...in a process of social …” „… the way city planners, in general, worked ‘on’ space, discarding its social construction as well as …” „… July 2004).149 In terms of his policies vis-à-vis public space, Fajardo proposed an ad- 147 Fajardo …”

Analytical perspective S. 30-32

„… 30 cause-and-effect actions and reactions. Space in this sense, is shaped and structured by …” „… , ‘popular’ perceptions of space and geography. II. Analytical perspective This is the theoretical …” „… outline how the spatial conflicts of capital, State politics, and those guiding informal social dynamics …”

Urbanization and industrialization in capitalist-city development S. 80-84

„… over-determined the forms of city growth and the social classes within its cities, entails that a class analysis …” „… the relatively smooth functioning of a capitalist market: private property rights, contracts, social …” „… uses of space (the street in this case and public space in general). Firstly, the State and local …”

Concretely examining local political regulation of ISV S. 301-304

„… interests; obtaining access to credit programs and other social services subsidized or provided by the …” „… of Hernando de Soto); formal business persons would seek State eviction of vendors from public space …” „… the restoration of public space for the collective use of the community (as proclaimed by numerous …”

The Constitutional demarcation of how far State policies can stretch S. 241-243

„… assistance or social security. A person requires a minimum of material elements in order to subsist. The …” „… and inequality and as such the implementation of economic, social and cultural policies of a …” „… space in a manner that does not recognize the due process of legitimate confidence is an act that …”

Informal street vendors: a distinct category of informal agents and activity S. 165-170

„… confront the broader citizenry who have been coaxed into reclaiming ‘previously existing public space that …” „… had gradually been ‘usurped’ by a growing vendor population as well as ‘new’ public spaces. But the …” „… , looking at how the different modalities and their relationship to public space bring about divergences in …”

Sergio Naranjo and the reordering of the city centre S. 190-193

„… , obtaining the infrastructure of non-fixed kiosks, social security affiliation, training and encouragement to …” „… government, via the Department of Public Space administration, proposed to transform street vending so that …” „… it would become a complementary activity to public space, thereby allowing the wider citizenry to …”

The fundamental right to the vital minimum S. 240-241

„… public space comes before the particular interests of informal street vendors whom occupy that space in …” „… suffering they must endure in the face of acts to reclaim public space (or other actions). As such, it is …” „… Constitutional tutela rulings concerning the informal street vendor occupation of public space. 5. The …”

Medellín: urban growth and transformation and class impacts in space S. 37-39

„… discourse and the accepted truths undergirding such a relationship, in an effort to give space to social …” „… class impacts in space Proposing a doctoral thesis that looks to examine, in general, the historical …” „… governance debate between public space recuperation projects and informal street vending, entails the need …”

Accumulation via Dispossession: the violence of reshaping space and society S. 70-73

„… and representations of space and social relations and then analyse how they mould and are moulded by …” „… social relations (Brenner and Theodore, 2002; Jessop 2006). These alliances grow out of a need to defend …” „… contradictory. The State, and especially the national State, as the social entity responsible for developing and …”

Informal street vending: ignore it, endorse it, or eliminate it? S. 171-177

„… .123 These important differentiations in the economic strategies of selling and occupying public space …” „… in the city and how these also impact on the available political and social capital of ISVs will be …” „… government regulation of public space, distinguishes between four State policies: The first can be seen as a …”

Governing urban public space and informal street vending in the period of decentralization (1988-2008) S. 216-222

„… evidenced in this overview of local government policies regarding public space recuperation and informal …” „… arguments have been most preponderant in the Medellín example and why? 12. Governing urban public space and …” „… local urban governance has given rise to growing political concern to the problematic of public space …”

Findings S. 250-267

„… the social nature of the organization (la razón social). Indeed, while many workers´ organizations …” „… have the organizational structure, make-up and social nature of trade unions, they are often formally …” „… . If, on the other hand, the organization is registered at the Ministry for Social Protection, it falls …”

Omar Flórez Vélez: the pseudo-passive approach to informal street vending regulation S. 188-189

„… specified that public space could not be permanently occupied. Furthermore, the relocation of street vendors …” „… vendors, vendor associations and the Department of Public Space. Rather, it took on the form of a …” „… any concerted studies evaluating the costs-benefits, both economic and social, of vendor relocation …”

Local administration policies to recuperate the city centre. Juan Gómez Martínez and the construction of large-scale vendor markets S. 185-188

„… politics opened out and public space was infused with political and electoral meaning. Prior to 1988 …” „… city’s street vendors undertaken by the Administrative Department of Public Space. The design and …” „… Department of Public Space, the ‘forced’ relocation of artisan vendors to the second and third-floor stores …”

Luís Pérez and the resurgence of citizenship vis-à-vis public space S. 194-198

„… ”.144 9. Luís Pérez and the resurgence of citizenship vis-à-vis public space Luís Pérez Gutiérrez …” „… (mayor between 2001-2003), looked to convert public space into the principal element of the city’s …” „… structural urban system as well as being the key scenario of social integration and the driving force in the …”

Modernizing the city: the science of urbanism S. 97-106

„… city, and looking at how the social realities are embedded in space, should be articulated in a way …” „… integral vision that combines the physical transformations of the city with the social and cultural ones …” „… urban history should be concerned with “articulating between the social and physical dimensions of the …”

Street vending in the age of modernity and post-modernity S. 160-165

„… in the massive social, economic and political transformations coming out of industrialization …” „… hand, modern life. The second phase was impelled by the massive political and social transformations …” „… and the building and functioning of social networks becomes essential for survival. Indeed, where in …”

Class bias in the urban development of Medellín S. 106-108

„… they have impelled a reinvigoration of public space through an official representation of how that …” „… space should be, we need to explore the ‘other-side’ of the story of the city’s making, this time …” „… subservience to a draconian social order of a harsh religious, moral and working ethic was the fountain upon …”

Table of Contents S. 7-10

„… as secondary spheres in social theory 55 3. Space: a missing realm in Marxian theory? 59 4 …” „… growth and transformation and class impacts in space 37 2. The urbe in Latin America 39 3. Medellín …” „… 49 I. Theoretical Framework 49 1. Opening the door to Marxian theory 50 2. Space and geography …”

Group three (CCP vendors) S. 272-283

„… (CCPs) for informal street vendors as a means of recovering public space while also “formalizing” the …” „… ; Secretaría de Desarrollo Social, Alcaldía de Medellín, 2005) while also ensuring political adherence to two …” „… relatively conflicting rights: the right to work and the right to public space (Donovan, 2008: 38). Both the …”

The further division of street vendors: time and stability S. 170-171

„… stationary- who occupy a particular area of public space by way of kiosk, cart, stall, etc., even during …” „… on public space in a transitory fashion, i.e. with a moving cart or juice trolley but they do move …” „… , 2005: 41); ? The wandering- those hawkers who only occupy public space in their person, i.e. the only …”

Macro-economic solutions to sectoral and productive heterogeneities S. 153-156

„… informality was incorporated into specific social relations of production see: (Bromley, 1978; Bromley and …” „… consumption, the State remains the key social entity in defining informality: when the legislative framework …” „… . (2008), "Informal Cities and the Contestation of Public Space: The Case of Bogotá's Street Vendors …”

Luis Alfredo Ramos: an integral approach to informal street vending regulation S. 189-190

„… space and informal street trade was rather quickly swept away. Indeed, Ramos initiated an alternative …” „… vision of the informal street commerce-public space recuperation debate, focusing not solely on vendor …” „… relocate and organize informal vendors due to the collapse of the city-centre’s public space in terms of …”

The limits of the capital industrial model (1950-1980) S. 111-120

„… rigid spatial map of social segregation. Poblado became the official space of the wealthy elite …” „… of atomization and the need to expand the public space accorded to transportation and industry …” „… usurped the more dire social need of searching for ways of restricting and overcoming the growing duality …”

Three-tiered informal vendor survey S. 247-250

„… protect its ‘collective’ interest vis-à-vis State plans to reorder the city and beautify public space. But …” „… relationship between public space management and its impact on informal street vendors, the author designed …” „… quality); the working conditions of the informal vendors (working hours, earnings, social security …”

Re-sketching the urban transformations and their association with the formal, informal and illegal economies (a historical backtracking) S. 156-159

„… ), bringing about dynamic processes and patterns of the “creation, destruction, and re-creation” of the spaces …” „… the control of urban space were over-determined by the gradual reconfigurations in accumulation …” „… project to impose the capitalist industrial model “on” space. Commerce and industrial activity dictated …”

The return of Juan Gómez Martínez and mass-scale vendor relocation in CCPs S. 193-194

„… activity was not available) and the citizenry’s right to accede and enjoy the city’s public spaces, was not …” „… the collective interest concerning access to and use of public space. Herein, his administration …” „… adopted an understanding of public space as the fundamental element in the founding and cultivation of …”

Colombian trade union confederations and the informal street vending sector: gradual improvement in organizational drive? S. 289-294

„… harmonizing the need to recover public space with the right to work of the vendors. This includes …” „… . ? The development of a paradigm of concerted democratic use of public space, looking for practical and …” „… integral solutions to the problems of informal street commerce in the urban context. On the social front …”

The present administration: Alonso Salazar and political continuance S. 212-216

„… associated with contemporary public space reinvigoration programs than was the case during the era of urban …” „… so under an ambivalent mix of ‘social objectives’ with efforts to increase land value as a profit …” „… the concrete policies implemented by the Salazar Government with respect to public space recuperation …”

Conclusions S. 283-289

„… was described as being generally good. However, in terms of financial efficiency and social benefit …” „… 28 pesos brought social benefit. San Antonio fared better with 78 pesos of every 100 bringing social …” „… with a general policy for the recovery and reordering of public space (see: Ramírez, undated).257 …”

The reconfiguration of the State: decentralization and the new sphere of Public Space (1990-2008) S. 126-128

„… clientelism and narco-clientelism, and their social class nature, but what was deemed as necessary to move …” „… structure: the 1991 Constitution, formulated by a diverse array of social and political actors elected to …” „… the new sphere of Public Space (1990-2008) Prior to the process of organizing and electing a …”

Informal street trade and local government regulation pre-1988 S. 178-183

„… holidays, pensions, night-work, medical services as well as other social welfare benefits (Cabrera, 2005 …” „… vendors that had occupied space both inside and outside the market now had no choice but to restructure …” „… recreational space, as was the case with the Pedrero (López, 1983). The failure of this policy of market …”

Clientelism: the citizenship of concrete interests S. 92-96

„… , populism and also inferences with ‘pre-modern’ politics and social structures (Buendía, 1994; Dávila, 1999 …” „… key focus of urban governance policies, as public space and its regulation was given explicit …” „… government) interweaves with “citizenship politics” as a terrain through which individuals or social …”

Group 2 (vendors in government-built kiosks) S. 267-272

„… 267 ing mostly in the evening when Public Space officials were not around; he relocated vendors …” „… informal street commerce and public space. The problem with focusing solely on the qualitative differences …” „… representation in all aspects related to the Department for the Defence of Publice Space; they have helped the …”

The urbe in Latin America S. 39-44

„… structures of social and economic life. Particularly in Hispanic America, the urbe became the central …” „… labour in the hope of attaining social mobility (Castells, 2006; Davies and De Miranda, 1967; Portes and …” „… social inclusion that was the envy of its neighbours, even though this was based more on macro-economic …”

Urban insecurity, economic fracturing and the disabled State: 1980-1990 S. 120-126

„… Sociales (18), p.113. This institutional shift of more discursive than material substance brought the …” „… recreational and public space (Castrillón & Villa 2008: 99), and in a terribly sad yet ironic fashion such …” „… mentioning ‘everyday activities’. Nonetheless, looking deeper at the social-spatial concentration of urban …”

Formal Interviews S. 305-306

„… informality) 28 August 2007, Medellín. ? Natalí Morena (public funcionary in the Department of Social Economy …” „… Space) 20 June 2008, Medellín. ? Carlo Ballesteros (Councillor for Medellín, 2008-2011 and …” „… . ? (anonymous) two Public Space Defendors in charge of monitoring ISV in the city-centre, 18 November 2009 …”

The official capitalist city and the pervasive ‘popular’ city S. 108-111

„… ‘advanced’ capitalist country (The USA), nonetheless, can be stretched to cover the dominant social group in …” „… supporting the reproduction of the existing social political structure of rigid inequality even while resting …” „… do what they wished with what they wanted) only exacerbated the ‘popular’ social illegitimacy such …”

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