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Paul Mojzes

Balkan Genocides

2011

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Chapter 7: Retaliatory Genocides against Wartime Enemies S. 109-130

„… 1097Retaliatory Genocides against Wartime EnemiesThose who hoped that the end of World War II would …” „… time; hence, little or no hostile action was directed toward them.1 GenoCide of yuGoSlavia’S etHniC …” „… , are unaware that genocide was perpetrated on Yugoslavia’s German minority in the immediate post–World …”

Chapter 1: Definitions of Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing S. 1-16

„… genocide;Attempt to commit genocide;Complicity in genocide.Huttenbach observes that while the preceding definition …” „… shall be punishable:Genocide;Conspiracy to commit genocide;Direct and public incitement to commit …” „… 11Definitions of Genocide and Ethnic CleansingIn this chapter I examine the meaning of the key …”

Chapter 4: Multiple Genocides of World War II S. 45-78

„… revenge, and it does so in a way that is less likely to ignite a future round of genocides.Based on truth …” „… 454Multiple Genocides of World War IIWestern BalkansThe material about the ethnic cleansing …” „… , genocide, and Holocaust that oc-curred during World War II is so extensive that it seems wise to divide it …”

Chapter 5: Multiple Genocides of World War II S. 79-100

„… types of war crimes. The Partisans as well as the Ustaše started accusing them of “genocide”—accusations …” „… 795Multiple Genocides of World War IINortheastern and Central BalkansIn this chapter, I cover the …” „… about 500 were needed to prepare the Sajmište Multiple Genocides of World War II: Northeastern and …”

Chapter 6: Multiple Genocides of World War II S. 101-108

„… 1016Multiple Genocides of World War IISoutheastern BalkansbulGarian JeWS not deported to deatH …” „… apply the Multiple Genocides of World War II: Southeastern Balkans 103many discriminatory anti-Semitic …” „… preliminary measures singling out Jews for severe repressive measures, a prelude to genocide, but even in the …”

Preface

„… (electronic) 1. Genocide—Balkan Peninsula—History. 2. Genocide—Yugoslavia—History. 3. Ethnic …” „… Balkan GenocidesStudies in Genocide: Religion, History, and Human RightsSeries Editor: Alan L …” „… Professor of Religion at the University of BridgeportBalkan GenocidesHolocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the …”

Notes S. 239-274

„… ), 190–209. 49. “Genocide against Bosniaks in Višegrad 1941–1945,” genocideinvisegrad .worldpress.com …” „… /2009/12/29/genocide-against-bosniaks-in-visegrad (accessed July 6, 2010). See also …” „… . Confronting Genocide: Judaism, Christianity, Islam (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2009), 151–81. 3 …”

Chapter 3: Balkan Wars 1912–1913 S. 25-44

„… 253Balkan Wars 1912–1913An Unrecognized GenocideThe first European genocide of the twentieth …” „… them to conclude that what took place is what today we would not hesitate to call genocide.“From first …” „… century took place during the Balkan wars of 1912–1913; it is a heretofore unrecognized genocide. My aim …”

Chapter 10: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina S. 163-196

„… Srebrenica genocide.There are also arguments against considering ethnic cleansing in B&H as genocidal. A case …” „… dynamic, namely genocide/ethnic cleansing and counter-genocide/counter ethnic cleansing.84Huttenbach …” „… developed into a vicious type of chauvinistic nationalism, which in turn led to ethnic cleansing, geno-cide …”

Chapter 9: War in Croatia S. 151-162

„… distinctiveness of Croatia’s traditions and identity. To Serbs, it was a threat to replay Ustaša genocides.A rapid …” „… genocides.During Operation Storm at the end of the war, the Croatian government forces drove out nearly the entire …” „… resettle.WaS it GenoCide and/or etHniC CleanSinG?The war in Croatia was preceded by the fear of genocide, more …”

Chapter 11: Protracted Conflict and War in Kosovo S. 197-220

„… genocide.And the fourth is the countercharge that the KLA and the Albanian Kos-ovar authorities carried out a …” „… probably the single most important factors for ethnic cleans-ing and genocide. The Serb revenge against the …” „… bars and restaurants. Charges were made that Albanians were carry-ing out genocide against the Serbian …”

Bibliography S. 275-288

„… for Social Development, 1995. Allen, Beverly. Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina …” „… , Aaron. Macedonia and the Jewish People. Skopje: Macedonia Review, 1994.Avramov, Smilja. Genocide in …” „… Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary. Con-densed ed. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press …”

Index S. 289-298

„… Ražnjatović, Željko-ArkanArmenian(s), 3, 33, 35–37, 243n5; geno-cide, 2, 25–26, 37, 48, 243n5armistice, 43, 68 …” „… Genocide Convention, UN, 15–16, 73, 92, 110, 117, 121, 130, 178, 189, 191, 212, 221, 229genocide deniers …” „… Haradinaj, Ramush, 206, 219, 224Herero genocide, 26Herzeg-Bosna, 165, 168, 170, 177Himler, 73Hitler, Adolf …”

Chapter 2: The Heritage of Horrors S. 17-24

„… 172The Heritage of HorrorsWriting about the Balkan genocides is different than writing about the …” „… so regarding the Balkan genocides. The writers of the histories of the twentieth century (and before …” „… Museum of the Victims of Genocide in Belgrade, is one of the main proponents of the claim that the …”

Chapter 12: International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia S. 221-230

„… self-defense. Of course, people had a general awareness of both the Geneva Conventions and the UN Genocide …” „… entire people of being collectively guilty of the crimes, even the crime of genocide. It may be tempting …” „… , and genocide. Its mission was to dispense justice to individuals who were deemed responsible for …”

Time Line S. 237-238

„… mutual genocides take place.1913 Second Balkan war: Bulgaria wages war against Greece and Serbia. Turkey …” „… against occupying forces. Holocaust, genocides, and ethnic cleansing take place from 1941 to 1945.1945 …” „… Yugoslavia. Retaliatory geno-cides and ethnic cleansing are carried out against ethnic minorities related to …”

Chapter 8: Ethnic Cleansing during Yugoslavia’s Wars of Disintegration in the 1990s S. 131-150

„… genocide of the twentieth century, but they were also a reprise of the first European genocides of the …” „… ethnic cleansing before the Serbs allegedly invented it in the 1990s, just as there had been genocides …” „… prior to Raphael Lemkin’s invention of the word. Yet, for most readers the word genocide is inextricably …”

Chapter 13: Onward into the Twenty-first Century S. 231-236

„… Macedonia.tHreat of GenoCide averted in maCedoniaAt first Macedonia avoided being directly embroiled in the wars of …” „… concessions and efforts to address a variety of issues. Genocide and ethnic cleansing were knocking at …” „… international community have encouraged the states in which genocides and ethnic cleans-ing took place to …”

About the Author S. 299-300

„… College in Pennsylvania and was the Ida E. King Distinguished Visiting Professor of Holocaust and Genocide …” „… dialogues and scholars conferences on the Holocaust and genocides, both in the United States and …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781442206656

Lena Lindemann - Referral of Cases from International to National Criminal Jurisdictions

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Lena Lindemann

Referral of Cases from International to National Criminal Jurisdictions

Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Europäischen Strafrecht

Volume 3 2013

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Genocide S. 24-26

„… genocide,crimes against humanity and war crimes. The prohibitions of these crimes constitute ius cogens, i.e …” „… been given jurisdiction under general international law, that is, the core crimes of genocide …” „… international criminal courts.5 Inthe following the crime of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity …”

The Impact of the Referral Practice on National Extradition Decisions S. 213-235

„… 6 of the GenocideConvention, i.e. the state where genocide has been committed or an international …” „… Rwanda impacted on nationalextradition decisions concerning the extradition of genocide suspects to …” „… Rwanda.Shortly after the Genocide in 1994 a great number of genocide suspects fledRwanda to other countries, in …”

International Prosecution of International Crimes S. 27-38

„… Tribunal has also jurisdictionover genocide and crimes against humanity. Unlike the ICTR, the ICTY …” „… “genocide”, thePresident noted that “ the Security Council recalls that the killing of members ofan ethnic …” „… genocide”.38 The request was a response to a report of the Secretary-General and a report submitted by the …”

National Prosecution of International Crimes S. 38-44

„… in the genocide to be dealt with judicially in Rwanda: Rikhof, Fewer Places toHide? The Impact of …” „… law (i.e., where the national criminal lawprovides for an autonomous “genocide” crime) or through …” „… Genocide Conventionof 1948), to which the state is a party. This means that the crime outlined in thetreaty …”

Requirements for Referral under Rule 11bis S. 84-203

„… carrying out most of the ethnic killings during the Rwandan genocide.In July 2005, Bagaragaza was indicted …” „… has been suspected of having participated in the 1994 genocide. The Dutch court refused to try the …” „… Rwandan for genocide because it foundthat it did not have jurisdiction ratione temporis.343 Following this …”

Prosecuting as an Ordinary Crime S. 240-256

„… did not provide for aspecific prohibition on genocide. If referred to Norway, Bagaragaza would …” „… to genocide under the ICTR Statute could not be adequately characterized in national proceedings …” „… definition signifies that certain acts that would not amount to genocide, crimes against humanityor war …”

Synthesis S. 282-286

„… national law. Referral is barred if the national court will prosecutea person who is charged with genocide …” „… the legal description as genocide, crimes against humanity, or war crimes. Because all crimeswithin …” „… of the United Kingdom shows,genocide suspects might find themselves in a safe haven because national …”

The Impact of the Referral Process on National Judicial Systems S. 203-213

„… genocide denial, two amendments were made. Firstly,Article 13 of the original Transfer Law was supplemented …” „… or extradition of genocide suspects toRwanda.Furthermore, Rwanda reformed its witness protection …” „… transfers of genocide accused fromthe ICTR and the extradition of genocide suspects from other states.793 …”

Bibliography S. 287-296

„… , Mark A.: Prosecution of Genocide v. the Fair Trial Principle, in: Journal of International Criminal …” „… .Magnarella, Paul J.: Justice in Africa – Rwanda’s genocide, its courts, and the UN CriminalTribunal, Ashgate …” „… Genocide, in: War Crimes: The Legacy ofNuremberg by Cooper (ed.), pages 211–229.Morris, Virginia/Scharf …”

Summary Table of Contents S. 9-10

„… of the Prosecution of International Crimes 24International CrimesA. 24GenocideI. 25Crimes Against …”

Table of Contents S. 11-18

„… Prosecution of International Crimes 24International CrimesA. 24GenocideI. 25Crimes Against HumanityII. 26War …”

Transfer of Cases Prior to Indictment S. 66-70

„… in the Territoryof Rwanda and Rwandan Citizens Responsible for Genocide and Other Such …” „… Persons Responsible for Genocideand Other Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed …”

The System of Admissibility of a Case S. 238-240

„… provide for aspecific prohibition on genocide. If referred to Norway, Bagaragaza would havebeen prosecuted …” „… for the ordinary crime of murder. The Court found that as thealleged conduct amounting to genocide …”

Crimes Against Humanity S. 26

„… , Article 3 of the ICTR Statue and Article 7 of the Rome Statute.Unlike war crimes and genocide, crimes …”

War Crimes S. 26-27

„… , Article 3 of the ICTR Statue and Article 7 of the Rome Statute.Unlike war crimes and genocide, crimes …”

No Prosecution due to Lack of Criminalization S. 256-257

„… has been prosecuted in a national jurisdiction foran “ordinary” crime, for genocide, war crimes of …”

Raison d’Être of the Completion Strategies S. 49-52

„… national extradition decisions regarding extradition of genocide suspects to Rwanda.126 Petrig/Pocar, Case …”

Referral of Cases After Indictment S. 70-84

„… crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Rwanda in 1994 between national …” „… adifferent case concerning the genocide in Rwanda where jurisdiction of the Dutchcourt was denied.290The …”

Development of the Completion Strategies S. 52-63

„… 1994 Rwandan genocide.194The Security Council also recalled and reaffirmed “in the strongest terms …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845242439

Florian Krobb, Elaine Martin - Weimar Colonialism

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Florian Krobb (ed.), Elaine Martin (ed.)

Weimar Colonialism

Series: Postkoloniale Studien in der Germanistik

Volume 6 2020

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Brett M. Van Hoesen Re-staging Genocide S. 123-144

„… Brett M. Van Hoesen (Nevada)Re-staging GenocidePopular Press Photomontage and the Culture of …” „… only recently been reconsidered and acknowledged by contemporary historians and politicians as genocide …” „… . 86-93 (p. 92). Re-staging Genocide126during the Weimar era it also had the potential to erase recent …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… ) .......................................Brett M. Van HoesenRe-staging GenocidePopular Press Photomontage and the Culture of Forgetting in the …”

Dirk Göttsche Memory and Critique of Weimar Colonialism in Contemporary German Literature S. 229-256

„… Africa and the genocide unleashed in Europe by Hitler’s regime. Setting the scene for the use of the …” „… , the emblem of the Holocaust, as “das Herz der Finsternis”.10 The novel later discusses the genocide of …” „… part of European colonialism as the genocide in the Belgian-ruled Congo described by Joseph Conrad in …”

Florian Krobb and Elaine Martin Introduction: Coloniality in Post-Imperial Culture S. 9-44

„… Moreover, they suppressed memory of the genocide of the 19 Arthur Dix: Weltkrise und Kolonialpolitik (note …” „… Genocide in German War Literature, 1906-36. In: Michael Perraudin/Jürgen Zimmerer (eds.): German …” „… ), n.p. 101 For a discussion of the controversial question of continuity between the Her-ero Genocide and …”

Jason Verber Remembering at a Time of Forgetting S. 209-228

„… : The Talk of Genocide, the Rhetoric of Miscegenation. In: Sara Friedrichsmeyer/Sara Lennox/Susanne …”

Florian Krobb “Doch das orientalische ist es ja eben, was uns interessiert” S. 167-188

„… , and Genocide at the Paulskirche. Origins, Meanings, Trajectories. In: Michael Perraudin/Jürgen …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783849814878

Richard L. Rubenstein - Jihad and Genocide

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Richard L. Rubenstein

Jihad and Genocide

2010

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Chapter 05. Iran: Apocalyptic Nuclear Genocide? S. 119-154

„… Intelligence Estimate of 2007: An Invitation to Genocide?Prior to December 3, 2007, there appeared to be …” „… developing nuclear energy facilities for peaceful civilian 5Iran: Apocalyptic Nuclear Genocide?11_148 …” „… : Apocalyptic Nuclear Genocide? 121Zionism? You had best know that this slogan and this goal is attainable and …”

Chapter 02. Jihad and Genocide: The Case of the Armenians S. 43-58

„… prevent any friendly government from officially taking issue with its denial of genocide.As noted above …” „… of dealing with their genocide—has been due, at least in part, to the Turkish belief that they did no …” „… by the Committee of Union and Progress, the Young Turks who were to instigate the genocide.According …”

Preface

„… Praise for Jihad and Genocide“Attention must be paid to Rubenstein’s new work, Jihad and Genocide …” „… GenocideRichard L. RubensteinROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC.Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto …” „… who do not share his pessimism, his sense of the inevitability of the path to genocide and war, or his …”

Chapter 06. The Fruits of Rage S. 155-188

„… Chapter 6thus became a prelude to genocide. If, as the legend asserted, the Jews had succeeded in bringing …” „… powerful expression to that emotion for himself and his followers. His rage unappeased even by genocide and …” „… genocide is a moral imperative. It has rightly been called a “warrant for genocide.”60 Daniel Pipes has …”

Index S. 241-250

„… of, 51–52; diaspora, 47; disloyalty and, 50–51; economics of, 47; exiled in Europe, 46; genocide case …” „… Anti-SemitismCroatia, Jews in, 93culture, European Christian, 2Dadrian, Vahakn N., on Armenian genocide, 43–44Davis …” „… , Reinhard, 211n157gender. See also women: control, 157General Muslim Conference, 63genocide, 176; Armenians …”

Chapter 03. The Nazi-Muslim Connection and Hajj Amin al-Husseini, the Mufti of Jerusalem S. 59-102

„… genocide.Mallmann and Cüppers also report that the plan for the extermina-tion of the Yishuv was coordinated with …” „… served in the Ottoman army, he was undoubtedly aware of the 1915 Armenian genocide, but as much as he …” „… hated Jews, a global genocide would remain beyond his reach for several decades. Moreover, until 1937 …”

Notes S. 189-240

„… :// www.guardian.co.uk/news/2006/jan/25/guardianobituaries.religion.14. Nevertheless, there was one genocide to which Zaki …” „… , The History of the Armenian Genocide: Ethnic Conflict from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Caucasus, 3 …” „… . Dadrian, The History of the Armenian Genocide, 179–184. 3. Ronald Grigor Suny, “Religion, Ethnicity, and …”

Chapter 04. On Jihad, Oil, and Anti-Semitism S. 103-118

„… Nazi Germany; her response to rocket at-tacks and terrorism against her civilians depicted as “genocide …” „… a swift and sweep-ing victory. What did not change was the use of the Holocaust and genocide as a …” „… destruction. This would allow anti-Semites something denied to them in the Shoah, genocide without …”

Chapter 01. The Domain of Islam and the Domain of War S. 11-42

„… explore its possible connection with genocide.The basic meaning of jihad is “to exert oneself.”2 That …” „… result could be considered a form of ethnic cleansing or cultural genocide.In the slaughter of the men of …” „… Banu Qurayzah and in the twentieth century during the Armenian genocide.According to Qutb, jahiliyya …”

About the Author S. 251-252

„… , writing, and teaching Holocaust and genocide studies. A theologian and historian of religion, he has …”

Introduction: Why I Have Written This Book S. 1-10

„… terrible phenomenon of genocide.At about 8:45 A.M., I turned on the TV for the morning news and learned …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781442201989

Kai Ambos, Otto Triffterer - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

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Kai Ambos (ed.), Otto Triffterer (ed.)

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2016

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William A. Schabas . Genocide S. 128-144

„… 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 6 Genocide For the purpose of this Statute …” „… , ‘genocide’ means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national …” „… . Literature: Arnold, R., ‘The Mens Rea of Genocide Under the Statute of the International Criminal Court …”

Eleni Chaitidou . Referral of a situation by a State Party S. 704-725

„… to][with] the Prosecutor [alleging that [a crime of genocide][such a crime][a crime under article 5 …” „… Contracting party to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 9 December …” „… 1948 may lodge a complaint with the Prosecutor alleging that a crime of genocide appears to have been …”

Roger S. Clark . Elements of Crimes S. 620-644

„… ‘genocide’ instead of previously used one – ‘the Holocaust’ – which was given quite specific meaning, viz …” „… Conventions), 3 (Violations of the laws or customs of war), 4 (Genocide) and 5 (Crimes against humanity) of …” „… (e), Genocide by forcibly transferring children (perpetrator ‘knew or should have known that the …”

Andreas Zimmermann . Crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court S. 112-127

„… jurisdiction in accordance with this Statute with respect to the following crimes: (a) The crime of genocide …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 a) Genocide …” „… 5 para. 1 (a)–(d), i. e., genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression …”

Mohamed Elewa Badar, Rod Rastan . Jurisdiction ratione temporis S. 658-672

„… Issues (Hart 2004); Schabas, W., Genocide in International Law (CUP 2nd edition 2009); El Zeidy, M., ‘The …” „… genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, are modified to be applied cumulatively for aggression …” „… from the General Assembly’s adoption of the Genocide Convention, with its accompanying reference in …”

Kai Ambos . Individual criminal responsibility S. 980-1030

„… ; (e) In respect of the crime of genocide, directly and publicly incites others to commit genocide; (f …” „… ; id., ‘What does “‘Intent to Destroy” in Genocide Mean?’, (2009) 91 IRevRC 833; id., The Colombian …” „… JICJ 562; Kunz, J.L., ‘The United Nations Convention on Genocide’, (1949) 43 AJIL 732; Laucci, C …”

William A. Schabas . Non-applicability of statute of limitations S. 1108-1111

„… of the People: Perpetrators: Perpetrators of Genocide in the William A. Schabas 1107 Reemers …” „… system7 and that of the Council of Europe8. Both instruments refer to the crime of genocide and to crimes …” „… the principle of the impermissibility of statutory limitations for crimes such as genocide and crimes …”

Donald K. Piragoff, DARRYL ROBINSON . Mental element S. 1112-1125

„… genocide, it is the pattern of genocidal conduct37. As will be explained below, reduced mental elements …” „… commit genocide or attempting to commit a crime), not all of the physical or material elements described …” „… the widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population; and for genocide, it is the pattern …”

Stefanie Bock, Otto Triffterer . Superior orders and prescription of law S. 1183-1197

„… genocide or crimes against humanity are manifestly unlawful. Literature: Ambos, K., ‘Zur strafbefreienden …” „… proceedings but also between the judges5. It is surprising that the Genocide and the Geneva Conventions of …” „… Genocide Convention provides in article III merely for the punishability of conspiracy and incitement while …”

Giulia Pecorella, William A. Schabas . Preconditions to the exercise of jurisdiction S. 673-690

„… inherent jurisdiction in a case of genocide, with no additional requirement of acceptance12. However …” „… Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 78 UNTS 277(1951), as envisaged by article VI. 13 Article …” „… , agreement that there should be inherent jurisdiction over genocide23. However, as in the Ad Hoc Committee …”

Giulia Pecorella, William A. Schabas . Exercise of jurisdiction S. 691-703

„… crime of genocide were distinguished from the other crimes covered. Article 21 para. 1 (a) and article …” „… 25 para. 1 provided for inherent jurisdiction of the ICC over the crime of genocide, in other words …” „… Contracting Party to the Genocide Convention7 and consequently entitled to rely on article VI of that …”

Andreas Zimmermann . Transitional Provision S. 2313-2318

„… prosecution by the ICC even for acts of genocide, provided that the third State had taken the political risk …” „… : genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression – though with regard to the later …” „… Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Provisional Measures, ICJ Rep. 1993, 3, 16 …”

Roger S. Clark, Gerhard Hafner . Reservations S. 2284-2298

„… relatively early. When just after the adoption of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide …” „… ) 1155 UNTS 331. 2 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (adopted 9 …” „… of Genocide’, 1951 I.C.J., 15’7. 3 When it elaborated the Draft Statute of the ICC, the ILC pondered …”

Kai Ambos, Christopher K. Hall, Niamh Hayes, Larissa van den Herik, Joseph Powderly, Carsten Stahn . Crimes against humanity S. 145-295

„… and the Subject Matter Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court: Genocide, Crimes Against …” „… Genocide Subsume Crimes Against Humanity?: Some Remarks in the Light of the Krstic Appeal Judgment’, (2005 …” „… ., ‘Genocide and Crimes against Humanity in the Elements of Crimes’, in: Fischer, H., Kress, C. and Lu¨der, S.R …”

Alexander Heinze, Otto Triffterer No title S. 645-657

„… such a development are, for instance, the Genocide Convention 194823 and the Geneva Conventions 194924 …” „… . Genocide had been experienced in the Second World War in all its cruel appearances. But all endeavours to …” „… include political and cultural groups and thus to broaden the scope of genocide in these directions were …”

Karim A. A. Khan . Determination of the sentence S. 1892-1901

„… Additional Protocol II thereto, they are considered as lesser crimes than genocide or crimes against humanity …” „… ’33. In the same paragraph, the Trial Chamber considered the ranking of genocide and crimes against …” „… that the ‘extreme gravity’ of genocide and crimes against humanity requires persons who commit such …”

Peter Wilkitzki . Rule of speciality S. 2159-2170

„… the denial of a charge of genocide in the original arrest warrant invoked the speciality principle …” „… crime of genocide, this might delay proceedings while a speciality waiver had to be sought. Neither the …” „… charges of genocide (based on the argument that the Pre-Trial Chamber had not applied the correct standard …”

Fabricio Guariglia, Gudrun Hochmayr . Proceedings on an admission of guilt S. 1622-1635

„… (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 2006); Combs, N.A., ‘Copping a Plea to Genocide: the Plea Bargaining of …” „… , para 63. See further ibid. 65: ‘Once a charge of genocide has been confirmed, it should not simply be …” „… count of genocide which the Prosecution did not withdraw. The Trial Chamber acquitted Jelisic of this …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 111 Article 6. Genocide …” „… 1994 in response to atrocities committed in the former Yugoslavia and the Rwandan genocide; and finally …” „… : Genocide, Crimes against Humanity, War Crimes (Intersentia 2002) Borsari, R., Diritto punitivo …”

Index S. 2328-2353

„… , see there – gender, see there – genocide 6 34 – historical development 7 1 et seq. – imprisonment or …” „… 11:06:09 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Defences in case of genocide 6 33 Defend oneself in …” „… 6 et seq. – drafting history 13 1 et seq. – Genocide Convention 13 3, 6 – ILC Draft 13 2 et seq …”

Roberta Arnold, Otto Triffterer . Responsibility of commanders and other superiors S. 1057-1107

„… genocide under the Statute of the International Criminal Court’, (2003) 14 CLF 127; id., The ICC as a new …” „… ’, (1997) 38 HarvILJ; Zahar, A., ‘Command Responsibility of civilian superiors for genocide’, (2001) 14 …” „… in the Nuremberg Statute as well as in the Nuremberg Principles 1948, in the Genocide Convention 1948 …”

David Donat-Cattin . Protection of victims and witnesses and their participation in the proceedings S. 1682-1712

„… Evidence of the ad hoc Tribunals. In the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, victims’ participation and …” „… human-kind to have convicted perpetrators of the crime of genocide, starting with former Prime-Minister Jean …” „… other prime weakness of the ICTR is that it extended its prosecutions and trials to cases of genocide or …”

Margaret McAuliffe de Guzman . Applicable law S. 933-949

„… president Omar Al Bashir for genocide, Pre-Trial Chamber I considered the elements of that crime. The …” „… Elements of Crimes for genocide include a contextual element that is not present in the Statute or in other …” „… ) 41 VandJIL 164, 167–68. 30 Elements of Crimes, Genocide. 31 Prosecutor v. Al Bashir, ICC-02/05-01/09 …”

Helen Duffy, Rod Rastan . Third-party information or documents S. 1817-1826

„… could seriously limit the ability of the Prosecutor to prosecute cases of genocide, crimes against …” „… from disclosure to the Court will further the effective investigation and prosecution of genocide …” „… known that the confidentiality agreement was designed to or in fact concealed genocide, crimes against …”

Elisa Freiburg, Andreas Zimmermann bis. Exercise of jurisdiction over the crime of aggression (State referral, proprio motu) S. 742-765

„… violations of the jus in bello, acts of genocide or crimes against humanity. 82 See mn 39. 83 As to the …” „… Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia v. Serbia), Judgment (Merits), ICJ Rep. 2015, para. 182; see …” „… also Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia …”

Kai Ambos, Morten Bergsmo Preamble S. 2-15

„… interfering with the jurisdiction of national courts’ and that ‘genocide met the jurisdictional standard …” „… genocide, deportation or expulsion, are no longer an internal affair, but endanger the international …” „… must also be crimes against the whole international community, with genocide and crimes against …”

Christopher K. Hall, Cedric Ryngaert . Issuance by the Pre-Trial Chamber of a warrant of arrest or a summons to appear S. 1438-1458

„… ’, (2008) 21 LeidenJIL 431; Rojo, E.C., ‘Standard of Proof Required to Issue an Arrest Warrant for Genocide …” „… in relation to the counts of genocide on the basis that the existence of genocidal intent of the …” „… genocide, a crime against humanity or a war crime under the Rome Statute. If the suspect can only be …”

Claus Kreß, KIMBERLY PROST . Postponement of execution of a request in respect of ongoing investigation or prosecution S. 2104-2106

„… the crime of genocide is being investigated by the Prosecutor and is also suspected of having …”

Roger S. Clark . Withdrawal S. 2323-2325

„… . If there is an ongoing genocide, say, at the time notification is given, so long as the prosecution …”

Yvonne McDermott, William A. Schabas . Presumption of innocence S. 1636-1650

„… Registry spokesperson’s remark that it would be ‘shameful’ to deny the genocide in Bosnia was deemed …” „… and the Secretary General. If, for example, the General Assembly charges that genocide has been …” „… of the fact that genocide took place in Rwanda during 199499. By the 95 Krause v. Switzerland (App …”

Hirad Abtahi, Rebecca Young . Excusing and disqualification of judges S. 1259-1267

„… whether a warrant of arrest for the crime of genocide should be issued in the case of The Prosecutor v …” „… humanitarian crisis. In addition, the Report made no findings as to whether genocide had been committed in …”

Elisa Freiburg, Andreas Zimmermann bis. Crime of aggression S. 581-619

„… genocide under article 6, of crimes against humanity under article 7, or finally of war crimes under …” „… the jus in bello, as well as acts of genocide and crimes against humanity, do not only entail State …”

Astrid Reisinger Coracini, Immi Tallgren . Ne bis in idem S. 900-932

„… prohibited. If a person was acquitted for genocide, a new trial for crimes against humanity with respect to …” „… acquitted the same person for genocide, e. g. because of insufficient proof of his or her genocidal intent …”

Philipp Ambach . Relationship of the Court with the United Nations S. 23-41

„… adoption of the Genocide Convention ‘to study the desirability and possibility of establishing an …” „… international judicial organ for the trials of persons charged with genocide’ – a request that laid the …” „… Special Representatives on the prevention of genocide, the responsibility to protect, children and armed …”

Jens David Ohlin, Otto Triffterer . Mistake of fact or mistake of law S. 1162-1182

„… in the Nuremberg Principles drafted by the ILC in 19485. The 1948 Genocide Convention equally …” „… (1966) 76. 6 For reference to an international penal tribunal see article IV of the Genocide Convention …” „… Remarks, mn 34 et seq.; for the limitation of the Genocide Convention to specific rules about …”

David Donat-Cattin . Reparations to victims S. 1854-1871

„… Committee: Okali, Note. Rwanda Genocide: Towards a Victims-Oriented Justice. The Case for an ICTR Assistance …” „… as persons indicted by the ICTY for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Reparations to …” „… perpetrators of the truly horrifying crimes that are defined in its Statute: genocide, crimes against humanity …”

Kai Ambos, William A. Schabas . Nulla poena sine lege S. 968-971

„… rule, as far as war crimes, crimes against humanity (including genocide) and aggression (crimes against …”

Volker Nerlich, Christopher Staker . Compensation to an arrested or convicted person S. 1999-2003

„… /2000/915, 4 October 2000, Annex). In relation to the trials for genocide, war crimes, crimes against …”

ROLF EINAR FIFE . Applicable penalties S. 1878-1891

„… the 1948 Genocide Convention requires that national penalties for persons guilty of genocide be …”

William A. Schabas . Limitation on the prosecution or punishment of other offences S. 2200-2205

„… several Belgian paratroopers in the early days of the Rwandan genocide. The Prosecutor asked the Tribunal …”

Roger S. Clark, Otto Triffterer . Exclusion of jurisdiction over persons under eighteen S. 1031-1037

„… , the 1948 Genocide Convention, the 1950 Nuremberg principles, the 1951 and 1954 ILC Draft Codes, the …”

Roger S. Clark . Amendments S. 2299-2305

„… , changes to the definitions of the crimes already within the Statute as adopted, namely genocide, crimes …”

Albin Eser . Grounds for excluding criminal responsibility S. 1126-1161

„… . Consequently, for instance, with regard to intoxication (paragraph 1 (b)), a person taking part in genocide who …” „… whether intoxication serves as an excuse only to war crimes or also to genocide and crimes against …” „… defend a person who committed genocide or crimes against humanity with the argument that he or she was …”

Michael Bohlander, Otto Triffterer . The Court S. 16-22

„… Crime of Genocide, installed a Committee on International Criminal Jurisdiction. At that time it was …”

Raul C. Pangalangan . Non-retroactivity ratione personae S. 972-979

„… accused’s alleged conduct in relation to the Rwandan genocide of 1994’47 and which ‘may have probative or …”

Franziska Eckelmans, Christopher Staker . Proceedings on appeal S. 1966-1986

„… Chamber, 19 April 2004, paras. 135– 144 (convicted on appeal for aiding and abetting genocide instead of …” „… committing genocide); for a full reference to the ICTY/ICTR jurisprudence, see Prosecutor v. Ante Gotovina …”

Otto Triffterer, Till Zimmermann . Place of trial S. 1552-1563

„… genocide10. The ‘Draft Convention on the Establishment of an International Penal Tribunal for the …”

Robert O. Harmsen, Gerard A. M. Strijards . Role of States in enforcement of sentences of imprisonment S. 2174-2187

„… to a great number of sentences, given the fact that the nature of a crime as genocide implies that …”

Christoph Burchard, Otto Triffterer . Sanctions for misconduct before the Court S. 1761-1775

„… for publication an Article entitled Vital Genocide Documents Concealed, published by the Bosnian …”

Roberta Arnold, Elisabeth Baumgartner, Michael Cottier, Knut Dörmann, Robin Geiß, Julia Grignon, David Krivanek, Sabine Mzee, Emilia Richard, Stefan Wehrenberg, Andreas Zimmermann . War crimes S. 296-580

„… against humanity and genocide, and, the crime of aggression. The term ‘war crimes’ for a crime against …” „… humanity or an act of genocide however is misleading since both offenses do not require a link to an armed …” „… crimes: the crime of genocide, the crime of aggression, crimes against 13 See, e. g., Meron (1995) 89 …”

Bruce Broomhall . Nullum crimen sine lege S. 950-967

„… guilty of genocide, aggression, serious violations of the laws and customs applicable in armed conflict …”

Christoph Burchard, Otto Triffterer . Irrelevance of official capacity S. 1038-1056

„… Genocide Convention and for article 3 of the 1951 ILC Draft Code, which recognized this responsibility in …”

Yvonne McDermott, William A. Schabas . Rights of the accused S. 1651-1681

Claus Kreß, KIMBERLY PROST . Cooperation with respect to waiver of immunity and consent to surrender S. 2118-2147

„… proceedings for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. This conclusion …”

Rod Rastan . Protection of national security information S. 1776-1816

„… for war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide; these are crimes related to armed conflict and …”

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