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Thomas Christin

Reasonable Europeans

Reihe: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Politik

Band 153 2008

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Economic explanations S. 31-34

„… integration2.1.1. Economic explanationsEarly studies of public support for European integration focus on …” „… explanationsMost of the research which focuses on individual political factors of support for European integration …” „… take into account different levels of explanation and very often the research strategies still focus on …”

Political explanations S. 34-36

„… theoretical model of explanation of support for European integration. 2.1.2. Political explanationsMost of the …” „… undisputed. 2.1.3. Identity-based explanationsStudies that focus on identity and European integration date …” „… as a factor of explanation of attitudes towards the EU (Franklin, Marsh and McLaren, 1994; Duch and …”

Political explanations S. 61-63

„… . Political explanationsI argued in the introductory chapter that European integration is no longer only …” „… tested below. 4.1.2. Identity explanationsWhile citizens might favour a transfer of competencies from the …” „… characteristics? The next section presents the principal explanations I can draw from the theoretical model as …”

Identity explanations S. 63-64

„… 634.1. Models of explanation4.1.1. Political explanationsI argued in the introductory chapter that …” „… expectations which are empirically tested below. 4.1.2. Identity explanationsWhile citizens might favour a …” „… . Alternative explanationsIn addition to the identity and political factors discussed above, I include a series …”

Alternative explanations S. 64-68

„… explanationsIn addition to the identity and political factors discussed above, I include a series of commonly …” „… have higher scores for EU-level decision-making. All these plausible explanations demonstrate that …”

Identity-based explanations S. 36-37

„… explanationsStudies that focus on identity and European integration date from the ? rst steps of European integration …” „… factor of Euroscepticism. Explanations of support for European integration, considering the current …” „… in the explanation. From the current stance of researchers, it has not yet been clearly assessed how …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… model 312.1. Explanations of support for European integration 312.1.1. Economic explanations 312.1.2 …” „… . Political explanations 342.1.3. Identity-based explanations 362.2. General framework: delegation and …” „… . Summary 594. Domestic factors of support for EU-level decision-making 614.1. Models of explanation 634.1.1 …”

Summary S. 76

„… , economic and structural factors fail to provide clear explanations. 4.4. SummaryOverall, even when …” „… powerful factor of explanation of the variation in countries’ differences of mean support for EU-level …”

Multivariate analysis S. 72-76

„… signi? cant contribution to the explanation of support for EU-level decisionmaking (both F-tests are …” „… explanations. 4.4. SummaryOverall, even when controlling for a large range of variables, the results are …” „… of the political regime matters and is a powerful factor of explanation of the variation in countries …”

General framework: delegation and accountability S. 37-42

„… symbols, are an important factor of Euroscepticism. Explanations of support for European integration …” „… include the European dimension in the explanation. From the current stance of researchers, it has not yet …” „… integrate these two factors into a general framework of explanation of attitudes towards European …”

Hypotheses at the individual level S. 77-78

„… 775. Explanations of individual support for EU-level decision-makingThe results presented in the …”

Non parametric IRT S. 113-114

„… Marcel Lubbers for their explanations concerning the principles and techniques of Mokken scaling. …”

Control variables S. 94-95

„… direction. Overall, the policy appraisal model as de? ned by Gabel (1998b) is not a very good explanation of …”

Appendix: Chapter 4 S. 117-119

„… individual level with a 2-parameter logistic model (See Chapter 3 for explanations).GDP Growth This is the …”

2-parameter logistic model 2PLM S. 114-116

„… Many thanks to Klaas Sijtsma and Marcel Lubbers for their explanations concerning the principles and …”

Results of the 2-PLM and association between measures of support for European integration and EU-level decision-making S. 116-117

„… with a 2-parameter logistic model (See Chapter 3 for explanations).GDP Growth This is the GDP growth …”

Effects of independent variables for EU-15, new-10 and candidate countries S. 95-97

„… appraisal model as de? ned by Gabel (1998b) is not a very good explanation of attitudes towards the …”

Intercepts- and slopes-as-outcomes model S. 100-102

„… this topic, but also of alternative explanations such as country size, duration of countries’ EU …”

Support for the European Union S. 107-109

„… question the usual economic explanations that citizens considered as winners of European integration are …”

Control variables S. 84-87

„… towards EU-level decision-making. Nelsen and Guth (2000) test many explanations for each gender and assess …”

Empirical results S. 102-105

„… alternative explanations such as country size, duration of countries’ EU membership, federalism or …”

From the European idea to the European Union S. 13-21

„… thereof, for European integration. Most common explanations focus on economic factors. But, relying on …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845210919

Sascha G. Wolf - Pharmaceutical Expenditure in Germany

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Sascha G. Wolf

Pharmaceutical Expenditure in Germany

Reihe: Neue Studien zur Politischen Ökonomie

Band 6 2009

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Common Explanation Approach S. 48-49

„… 483.3. Common Explanation ApproachThis short overview of the development of drug expenditure in the …”

Contents S. 11-12

„… . Common Explanation Approach 483.4. The Perspective of Public Choice 493.5. Model Speci? cation and …”

Zusammenfassung / Abstract S. 9-10

„… failed to stop the growth of drug expenditure. This work tries to ? nd explanations for the cost …”

The Endogenous Variable S. 50-51

„… . Model Speci? cation and MethodologyThe purpose of this chapter is to ? nd an explanation for the …”

The Perspective of Public Choice S. 49-50

„… MethodologyThe purpose of this chapter is to ? nd an explanation for the development of the SHI’s drug …”

Development of Drug Expenditure S. 46-48

„… list of approved and reimbursable pharmaceuticals.483.3. Common Explanation ApproachThis short overview …”

Political Implications S. 42-44

„… lated pro? les, which are expressed by the total pro? le effect. In general, two main explanations for …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220055

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Emanuel Viebahn

Semantic Pluralism

Reihe: Studies in Theoretical Philosophy

Band 8 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

2. Semantics: aims, explanations and theories S. 7-40

„… 2 Semantics: aims, explanations and theories In this chapter, I will discuss the aims and …” „… will argue, is to contribute to an explanation of our remarkable success in communicating with …” „… language. But semantics must also meet more specific aims: it should contribute to explanations of how …”

1. Introduction S. 1-6

„… radicals cannot give a satisfactory explanation of how the semantic value of a sentence enables successful …” „… pursue and which kinds of explanations they should provide. The primary aim of semantics, I will argue …” „… , is to contribute to an explanation of how speakers can use language to successfully communicate …”

4. Semantic Pluralism S. 81-114

„… same explanation as Contextualists do. But they need not give an explanation of this kind for every …” „… intentions are well-suited to contribute to an explanation of communicative success: on a view that appeals …” „… particular proposition. This explanation evidently takes the form of a rational reconstruction: it does not …”

5. Responding to objections to Semantic Pluralism S. 115-148

„… explanation: [Cappelen & Lepore’s] central criticism is that I haven’t provided a “principled” basis, a …” „… explanation of truth-value judgements about the corresponding utterance. But this explanation will not always …” „… (false) propositions. This explanation avoids the intermediate step of looking at which propositions …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , explanations and theories 7 2.1 The aims of semantic theorising 8 2.2 Methods and explanations in semantics …”

3. The case for Semantic Pluralism S. 41-80

„… identified by an audience, it cannot be used in an explanation of how the audience picks up what the speaker …” „… cases in which the Contextualist’s semantic values for GQMs contribute neither to an explanation of why …” „… communication is successful in those cases (as demanded by (Des5)) nor to an explanation of why the utterances …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783465143482

Johanna Braun - Host State Circumstances and Absolute Standards of Protection in International Investment Law

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Johanna Braun

Host State Circumstances and Absolute Standards of Protection in International Investment Law

Reihe: Studien zum Internationalen Investitionsrecht

Band 46 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

II. Possible Explanation for These Results S. 224-232

„… Possible Explanation for These ResultsIt is submitted here the different approaches to considering …” „… 259) 269–70. See also above p 195.1113 See above p 208.II. Possible Explanation for These Results226 …” „… 198, 204, 211, 213.1123 See also de Brabandere (n 133) 348. II. Possible Explanation for These Results …”

III. Conclusion and Scope S. 64-65

„… standards. This work will finish off by comparing and analysing the findings before providing an explanation …”

III. Theses in Summary S. 233-234

„… considering host State circumstances. 22. A second important explanation is the legitimacy crisis that has …”

I. Comparison of the Results S. 221-223

„… provide an explanation for the differences and similarities.Results on the Normative FoundationsNeither …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… of the Host States’ Circumstances Considered3. 222Time of the Decisions4. 223Possible Explanation for …”

I. Normative Foundations of the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard S. 67-104

„… Management case, the financial crisis prevailing in Mexico provided an explanation as to why the host State …” „… international law’.309 A possible explanation could be that customary international law, which is based on …” „… international law. Yet, this explanation must remain pure speculation as the arbitrators did not support their …”

II. Arbitral Tribunals’ Interpretation of the Full Protection and Security Standard S. 195-219

„… . There is no persuasive explanation for this either. Both physical and non-physical harms can be caused …”

II. Arbitral Tribunals’ Interpretation of the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard S. 105-163

doi.org/10.5771/9783748932796

Cornelius Adebahr - Learning and Change in European Foreign Policy

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Cornelius Adebahr

Learning and Change in European Foreign Policy

Reihe: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Band 2009

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Model of explanation S. 106-107

„… Representatives.3.3.1 Model of explanationSumming up the insights from the previous section, I arrive at the …”

Learning and change–alternative explanations S. 91-95

„… learning and change.3.1.2 Learning and change—alternative explanationsTwo broad research fields in …” „… organizations.I will therefore now examine alternative explanations put forward in political science and IR theory …” „… main IR strands that theorize policy change can provide an explanation for processes taking place …”

Implications for explanations of European foreign policy S. 218-227

„… psychology. 7.2.3 Implications for explanations of European foreign policyThis study has shown that …” „… , it needs to be factored in into theoretical explanations of the development of European foreign …”

Implications for International Relations theory S. 215-218

„… well as to the explanation of European foreign policy, is part of the following two subsections …” „… science” (Stern 1997, 69). After neorealism with its interest-based explanation had gained dominance in IR …” „… discussion of explanations from either the rationalist or constructivist field, this study lends support to …”

Introduction and Main Argument S. 13-20

„… . 3 The latter explanation (i. e. by internal developments) usually builds on the shift in British and …” „… inter-state bargaining (Moravcsik 1993) or Europeanization (Tonra 2001). With regard to the former explanation …” „… perspective; it ought not be treated as a mono-causal explanation but rather as a credible contributing factor …”

Summary and outlook S. 232-236

„… valuebased) explanationsEvents and critical junctures enable, but do not produce changeEUSRs have an …” „… for their evaluation and thus for the explanation of EU foreign policy development. On the …” „… organizational learning, if and when it occurs, needs to be factored into explanations of change, i. e. treated …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.1.2 Learning and change—alternative explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913.1.3 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063.3.1 Model of explanation …” „… theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2157.2.3 Implications for explanations of European …”

Organizational Learning as a middle-range theory S. 212-215

„… limitations (no, it is not a sufficient explanation for change) of learning, it 2008 …” „… explanation of European foreign policy, is part of the following two subsections. 7.2.2 Implications for …” „… neorealism with its interest-based explanation had gained dominance in IR theory, ideas and identity were …”

A working definition of organizational learning S. 85-91

„… explanationsTwo broad research fields in political science/IR will be examined in this subsection: First, whether …” „… . Considering alternative explanations of foreign policy change and how learning is conceived in political …” „… decision-making did: “No explanation of individual learning, even by a senior leader in a hierarchical system …”

Methodology S. 113-115

„… method (2004). Several scholars have noted a relationship between the explanation of causal mechanisms …” „… explanation of the methodology concludes part I of this study. In chapter 1, I presented the EU Special …”

Variables and hypotheses S. 107-110

„… factor of organizational development alongside other, more mainstream explanations.For phase 1, I will …” „… of explanation are the EUSRs and their teams, that act as boundary spanners in this system.Given the …”

Operationalization S. 110-113

„… of explanation are the EUSRs and their teams, that act as boundary spanners in this system.Given the …” „… explanation of causal mechanisms and the method of process tracing (cf. Tansey 2007, 3). The latter is …”

Summary of instances of organizational learning (phase 1) S. 203-207

„… to the theoretical implications of my research for OL, International Relations, and explanations of …” „… 207Finally, and in addition to these explanations for the predominance of the internal dimension, one …”

Summary of the theoretical approach S. 115-116

„… such a high political level.3.4 Summary of the theoretical approachThis explanation of the methodology …”

Basis of operations of EUSRs S. 182-183

„… national capitals as well as that of the EU. An explanation by Aldo Ajello, made in a different context …”

Defining organizational learning and change S. 97-99

„… (independent, not just intervening) variable alongside other explanations of organizational development that …”

Summary of instances of organizational change (phase 2) S. 207-209

„… these explanations for the predominance of the internal dimension, one should bear in mind that the …”

The subject of learning S. 99-101

„… on the inner system of CFSP (level of analysis). The EUSRs and their teams (level of explanation …”

The processes of learning and change S. 104-106

„… under study, the EU Special Representatives.3.3.1 Model of explanationSumming up the insights from the …”

Standardization of general mandate provisions S. 131-133

„… explanation for creating an EUSR) just like, of course, the operational mandate itself (usually given in …”

EU political coordination S. 183-185

„… from the field into national capitals as well as that of the EU. An explanation by Aldo Ajello, made …”

Implications for the EU foreign service S. 230-232

„… OL theories provide a methodological framework for their evaluation and thus for the explanation of …”

Scope conditions, or: When and how learning and change occur S. 209-212

„… organizations) and limitations (no, it is not a sufficient explanation for change) of learning, it 2008 …”

The Great Lakes S. 21-26

„… commitment) or both” (Schmitter 1969, 162 [emphasis in original]). For a neofunctionalist explanation of …”

Secondary sources S. 251-267

„… Security Studies.Goertz, Gary and Jack S. Levy (2007) Causal explanation, necessary conditions, and case …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845217338

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