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Sean Winkler - Boris Hessen and Philosophy

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Sean Winkler

Boris Hessen and Philosophy

2022

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2: Idealism and Materialism S. 23-52

„… 23Chapter TwoIdealism and Materialism1This second chapter proceeds by discussing Boris Hessen’s …” „… dynamic between the philosophical persuasions of “idealism” and “materialism.” It should be borne in mind …” „… between the philosophical persuasions of materialism and idealism as part of the ideological struggle in …”

1: Practice and Ideology S. 1-22

„… .), attempts to resolve the idealism/materialism dilemma through “experience,” as per Ernst Mach, in light of …” „… , ideal-ism, and agnosticism.77 Philosophy, insofar as it excludes or tries to usurp practice with theory …” „… , this kind of materialism slips into agnosticism or idealism; that is, respectively, a skepticism toward …”

4: A Pantheon of Great Ideas S. 84-101

„… ), Alexander Herzen’s Letters on the Study of Nature (specifically, Letter 1 – Empiricism and Idealism), and …” „… , Herzen’s Letter 1 – Empiricism and Idealism from his Letters on the Study of Nature is a continuation of …” „… effectively becomes “The Struggle of Materi-alism and Idealism concerning This Problem in the 17th and 18th …”

Index S. 169-178

„… , xThe Holy Family (Marx and Engels), 10Horkheimer, Max, 3H-Theorem, 144–45Huygens, 131idealism, 23, 33 …” „… , 53, 97; historical, 55; idealism and, 41–45, 53; Lenin on, 12–13, 43; Machism vs., 71; space and, 114 …” „… of Marxism (journal), xii, 23, 26; idealism and materialism in, 41–45; Lenin on, 42United Scientific …”

Preface

„… viiIntroduction ix1 Practice and Ideology 12 Idealism and Materialism 233 Modern Physics 534 A Pantheon of Great …” „… Newton paper. Chapter 2, Idealism and Materialism, examines Hessen’s belief in the importance of …” „… between the philosophical persuasions of idealism and materialism; this is a position that I analyze by …”

Postscript S. 106-113

„… being examples of so- called “mathematical idealism”—a curious, though nevertheless impactful, epithet …” „… advancing Menshevik idealism and idealist bourgeois theo-ries in questions of theoretical natural science …”

Bibliography S. 157-168

„… ). Translated by A. V. Miller. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Herzen, A. 1946. “Letter 1: Empiricism and Idealism.” In …” „… ] 6.———. 1937. «Меньшевиствующий идеализм [Menshevik Idealism]». Малая Советская Энциклопедия 6 …”

Space S. 114-116

„… philosophy. While materialism recognizes S. as an objective reality, idealism considers it to be a form of …”

3: Modern Physics S. 53-83

„… Christ in the blood and wine of the Eucharist.38For Hessen, however, this tendency toward idealism and …” „… maintains that this slippery slope of energetics into idealism is in fact unsurprising. By regarding matter …” „… perspective, thereby collapsing into subjective idealism.115 This was particularly concerning for Soviet …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538147597

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Timothy D. Neufeld

U2

2017

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2 Innocence and Idealism S. 23-46

„… collectionincluding the Bay City Rollers’ “Bye Bye Baby,” a Beach Boys medley,INNOCENCE AND IDEALISM 25and Peter …” „… Ramones for the impact eachband left on U2’s formative years.INNOCENCE AND IDEALISM 27If there is a formal …” „… magazine’s founders was Steve Averill,INNOCENCE AND IDEALISM 29close friend and consultant for the band. For …”

Preface

„… xiiiAcknowledgments xxxvIntroduction xxxix1 Growing Up in Ireland 12 Innocence and Idealism 233 Into the Arms of …” „… and culture shape one another.The trajectory of this book moves from the youthful idealism of aband …” „… of hope and idealism, U2’soptimistic spirit compelled the members to seek out and offer alterna-tives …”

Further Listening S. 201-204

„… debut studio album reflects on the innocence and idealism ofadolescence. It was well received and …”

6 New Horizons S. 111-140

„… by idealism and adrenaline. Morespecifically, Bono recalls the pain of losing his mother, as well as …” „… deeply inspirational.Several songs in particular demonstrated both the lofty idealism andthe ambitious …”

8 Social Engagement S. 161-194

„… coming decade:The sixties was a period where idealism ruled, and I’m proud ofidealism. I think it was …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781442249400

Zoé Nautré - U.S. Idealism Meets Reality

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Zoé Nautré

U.S. Idealism Meets Reality

Reihe: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Band 2010

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When idealism and realism merge S. 137-141

„… ? East?seemed?real,?but?were?often?guided?by?naivety?and?optimism.?The?assumption?that?once?people?were?free?to?choose?they?would?opt?for?a?value?system?similar?to?the?one?of ?the?U.?S.?deeply?influenced?U.?S.?foreign?policy?towards?the?Middle?East.When idealism and …” „… s,?broadly?defined?as?Idealism,?Neoconservatism?and?Conservatism,?could?not?be?rigidly?divided?and?were?often?permeable.?However,?each?strand?of ?thought?differed?on?the?issue?of …” „… ?the?world?seemed?more?ready?than?ever?to?embrace?them.?Division?existed?between?those?who?suggested?that?democracy?would?now?triumph?naturally,?those?who?demanded?that?the?U.?S.?should?use?its?power?to?pursue?U.?S.?idealism?abroad?and?4? “Freedom?is?taking?hold?in?Afghanistan?and?Iraq–countries?of ?more?than?50 …”

When idealism and realism converge S. 34-36

„… ?America’s?role?in?the?world?and?the?assumptions?that?shape?U.?S.?policy,?specifically?U.?S.?exceptionalism?and?U.?S.? idealism.?The?second?part?of …” „… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality34though?Bush?Sr.?had?called?for?a …” „… idealism and realism …”

When idealism and realism merge S. 142-143

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality142The?9/11 …” „… ouraging?her?visit.?Diplomats?also?engaged?in?activities?related?to?human?rights?abuses?in?the?security?services?and?the?restriction?of ?press?freedoms?to?a?greater?extent?than?prior?to?9/11.When idealism and realism mergeIt …” „… Having?explored?how?U.?S.?idealism?and?assumptions?affected?and?guided?U.?S.?policy?in?the?Middle?East?and?Morocco,?the?next?section?will?turn?to?the?different?U.?S.?interests?that?frustrated?the?implementation?of ?the?new?security?rationale?of …”

U. S. Idealism and competing interests S. 112-113

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality112then?around?4000?volunteers?have?served?in?a?variety?of …” „… ,?Morocco?started?to?be?seen?in?a?different?light.?The?new?rationale?suggested?that?the?prior?status? quo? in? the? Arab? world? needed? to? be? challenged.? U.?S.? idealism? should? now …” „… ?different?imperatives,?concepts?and?assumptions?compete?with?each?other?with?regards?to?whether?and?how?the?U.?S.?should?promote?democracy?in?Morocco.U. S. Idealism and competing …”

U. S. exceptionalism S. 23-34

„… ? three?guiding?concepts?vital?for?any?analysis?of ?U.?S.?democracy?promotion?in?the?Middle?East:?1.?idealism?and?assumptions?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy …” „… U. S. values: IdealismThe?end?of ?the?Cold?War?witnessed?the?emergence?of …” „… ? Thomas?Carothers,?“U.?S.?Democracy?Promotion?During?and?After?Bush,”?Carnegie?Endowment?for?International?Peace,?Report,?September?2007.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 23 06.09.2010 15:30:29 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality24 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… Mißfelder2010_DGAP_Gesellschaftsseite 2012 2 13.8.2010 10:42:30 UhrZoé NautréU.S. Idealism Meets RealityDemocracy Promotion in the …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Chapter 1: Conceptual framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Idealism and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Confirmation of U. S. values: Idealism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 A …”

U. S. exceptionalism S. 135-137

„… ?‘idealism?and?assumptions?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy’;?‘competing?interests’?and? ‘contested?development?theories’?allow?for?a?comprehensive?analysis?of …” „… .? idealism.?American?nationalism,?exceptionalism,?the?role?of …” „… ?the?various?nuances,?ambivalences?and?possible?misconceptions?that?guide?U.?S.?policy?towards?the?Middle?East.?The?chapter?is?divided?according?to?the?three-part?conceptual?framework:?‘idealism …”

U. S. exceptionalism S. 141-142

„… ?many?implementers?meant?that?this?idealism …” „… ?was?soon?shattered.Nevertheless,?idealists,?realists?and?neoconservatives?were?all?served?in?a?sense?by?the?policies?the?Bush?administration?implemented.?Neoconservatives?were?successful?because?what?they?argued?was?deeply?rooted?in?American?idealism?and?exceptionalism,?appealing?to?the?Bush?administration?and?large?segments?of ?society.?Neoconservatives?were?also?apt?at?providing?an?explanation?for? the …” „… ?democratization.?Idealism?in?the?name?of ?realism?did?not?materialize,?but?largely?resulted?in?a?strengthening?of …”

A fundamental change? S. 183-185

„… ,?idealism?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy,?the?rise?of ?democracy?promotion?as?an?inherent?part?of …” „… ,?it?seemed?that?the?Bush?administration?truly?believed?that?bringing?freedom?and?democracy?to?the?Middle?East?meant?that?U.?S.? idealism?and …” „… ? that?drive?and?limit?U.?S.?policies?in?the?Middle?East.?Three?concepts?were?put?forward:?Idealism?and? assumptions? in? U.?S.? foreign? policy,? competing? interests,? and? contested …”

Structure S. 20-22

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality20Interviews?also?represent?a?crucial?part?of …” „… .?The?chapter?will?then?focus?on?U.?S.?bilateral?relations?towards?Morocco?from?the?beginning?of ?the?first?Bush?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 21 06.09.2010 15:30:27 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …” „… ? challenges?behind?democracy?promotion?highlighted?in?the?conceptual?chapter.?It?will?use?the?three?concepts?described?earlier:?idealism?and?assumptions?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy;?competing?interests;? and? contested? development? theories? to? examine? the? wider? ramifications? of …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 36-41

„… ?America’s?role?in?the?world?and?the?assumptions?that?shape?U.?S.?policy,?specifically?U.?S.?exceptionalism?and?U.?S.? idealism.?The?second?part?of …” „… ,?democracy?promotion?was?presented?at?a?rhetorical?level?as?the?merging?of ?idealism?and?realism?(because?it?was?conducted?for?the?sake?of …” „… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality36became? an? even? stronger? advocate? for? defending? and? spreading …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 143-145

„… Having?explored?how?U.?S.?idealism?and?assumptions?affected?and?guided?U.?S.?policy?in?the?Middle?East?and?Morocco,?the?next?section?will?turn?to?the?different?U.?S.?interests?that?frustrated?the?implementation?of ?the?new?security?rationale?of …” „… ?dealing?with?the?Middle?East?required?revision?and?that?a?policy?focused?on?stability?was?in?fact?bolstering?regional?instability.?The?new?rationale?in?U.?S.?policy?was?presented?in?way?that?seemed?to?be?based?on?the?assumption?that?U.?S.?idealism?(the?need?to?spread?liberty?abroad)?and?U.?S.?interests?(greater?security)?had?merged?effortlessly.? The …” „… ? contradiction? between? idealism? and? short-term? interests? and? the? difficulties? in? actual? policy …”

Outlook S. 188-192

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality188 …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 189 06.09.2010 15:37:52 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality190 …” „… ? in?applying?U.?S.?idealism?to?the?Middle?East.?Bush?was?then?overhauled?by?reality?and?obstacles?forcing?policy?backwards.?By?2008?policy?remained?at?least?one?step?ahead?of ?policy?pre?2000 …”

Bibliography S. 199-216

„… b)?President?George?W.?Bush:?›Remarks?by?the?President?in?Address?to?the?United?Nations?General?Assembly?New?York‹?(September?12,?2002).2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 199 06.09.2010 15:38:10 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 201 06.09.2010 15:38:15 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality202U.?S.?Department?of ?State?(2007 …” „… )?Against?All?Enemies:?Inside?America’s?War?on?Terror–What?Really?Happened.?New?York:?Free?Press.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 203 06.09.2010 15:38:20 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality204 …”

At the periphery of U. S. interests S. 111-112

„… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 111 06.09.2010 15:34:16 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality112then?around?4000 …” „… ,?Morocco?started?to?be?seen?in?a?different?light.?The?new?rationale?suggested?that?the?prior?status? quo? in? the? Arab? world? needed? to? be? challenged.? U.?S.? idealism? should? now …” „… ?different?imperatives,?concepts?and?assumptions?compete?with?each?other?with?regards?to?whether?and?how?the?U.?S.?should?promote?democracy?in?Morocco.U. S. Idealism and competing …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 160-172

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality160derives?his?legitimacy?on?the?basis?of …” „… ? Ellen?Lust-Okar,?“Elections?in?the?Arab?World:?Progress?or?Peril?,”?Symposium,?Saban?Center?for?Middle?East?Policy?at?the?Brookings?Institution,?February?12,?2007.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 161 06.09.2010 15:36:35 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality162 …” „… ? Amy?Hawthorne,?“Middle?Eastern?Democracy:?Is?Civil?Society?the?Answer?,”?Carnegie?Paper?No.?44,?March?2004.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 163 06.09.2010 15:36:42 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …”

The way foreign policy was conducted S. 76-77

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality76The way foreign policy was conductedThe?events?of ?9/11 …” „… ?neoconservatives.?As?discussed?earlier,?U.?S.?exceptionalism,?idealism …” „… ,?President?Bush?immediately?referred?to?U.?S.?values?such?as?idealism …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 173-181

„… ? Interview?with?U.?S.?government?officials?in?Rabat,?Morocco,?Moroccan?journalists,?Moroccan?civil?society?actors?and?U.?S.?non-government?democracy?promoters,?April?to?June?2008.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 173 06.09.2010 15:37:10 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality174 …” „… 175 06.09.2010 15:37:15 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality176society?in?Morocco”.111 …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 177 06.09.2010 15:37:21 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality178 …”

Providing an intellectual framework S. 77-79

„… ?neoconservatives.?As?discussed?earlier,?U.?S.?exceptionalism,?idealism …” „… ,?President?Bush?immediately?referred?to?U.?S.?values?such?as?idealism …” „… . Idealism Meets Reality78Neoconservative? analysts’? claims? about? the? need? for? U.?S.? assertiveness …”

Policies towards Great Powers and traditional security issues S. 65-68

„… ?Jordan?and?Morocco’s?new?leaders.?However,?several?changes?in?international?affairs?would?allow?for?U.?S.?idealism?and?neoconservative?ideas?to?flourish.?Ideas?such?as?Bush’s?preference? for?moral? clarity? and? resolve,? skepticism?of …” „… ? Peter?Rudolf,?“Amerikanische?Außenpolitik?unter?George?W.?Bush.?Eine?erste?Einschätzung,”?Stiftung?Wissenschaft?und?Politik,?SWP-Aktuell,?April?2001,?1.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 65 06.09.2010 15:32:09 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality66in?policy.?Even? though?China?had?been …” „… ? Peter?Rudolf,?“Amerikanische?Außenpolitik?unter?George?W.?Bush.?Eine?erste?Einschätzung,”?Stiftung?Wissenschaft?und?Politik,?SWP-Aktuell,?April?2001,?6.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 67 06.09.2010 15:32:15 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality68 …”

Conclusion S. 88

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality88 …” „… ?certain?background?conditions?in?U.?S.?culture,?society?and?history,?discussed?in?depth?in?the?conceptual?framework?(idealism?and?assumptions?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy).?These?include?an?expectation?by?the?American?public?about?the?role?of ?the?U.?S.?in?the?world?and?historical?support? for?democracy?promotion.?This?U.?S …”

A fundamental change? S. 13-16

„… . Idealism Meets Reality14little? has? been? spent? in? the? region? in? comparison? to? other? expenses …” „… ? in?perspective?regarding?U.?S.?policies?towards?the?Middle?East.?U.?S.?idealism …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 15 06.09.2010 15:30:19 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality16 …”

Obstacles to poicy implementation S. 185-188

„… ,?it?seemed?that?the?Bush?administration?truly?believed?that?bringing?freedom?and?democracy?to?the?Middle?East?meant?that?U.?S.? idealism?and …” „… ?U.?S.?policies?were?often?unrealistic.?Other?government?agencies?simply?did?not?adhere?to?the?new?rationale,?disregarding?practical?challenges?on?the?ground,?so?much?so?that?democracy?promotion?faced?significant?resistance?in?implementation.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 185 06.09.2010 15:37:41 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality186 …” „… ?transition”,?Lecture?at?The?American?Academy?in?Berlin,?October?8,?2009.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 187 06.09.2010 15:37:47 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality188 …”

Conclusion S. 181-182

„… .?It?has?been?demonstrated?that?U.?S.?idealism …” „… Morocco,?(Washington,?D.C.:?CSIS?Press,?Center?for?Strategic?and?International?Studies,?2006),?86.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 181 06.09.2010 15:37:32 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality …”

Re-orientation of foreign policy S. 87-88

„… ? transition”,?The?American?Academy?in?Berlin,?October?8,?2009.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 87 06.09.2010 15:33:14 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality88 …” „… ?certain?background?conditions?in?U.?S.?culture,?society?and?history,?discussed?in?depth?in?the?conceptual?framework?(idealism?and?assumptions?in?U.?S.?foreign?policy).?These?include?an?expectation?by?the?American?public?about?the?role?of ?the?U.?S.?in?the?world?and?historical?support? for?democracy?promotion.?This?U.?S …”

Advocating a conventional foreign policy S. 64-65

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality64 …” „… ?Jordan?and?Morocco’s?new?leaders.?However,?several?changes?in?international?affairs?would?allow?for?U.?S.?idealism?and?neoconservative?ideas?to?flourish.?Ideas?such?as?Bush’s?preference? for?moral? clarity? and? resolve,? skepticism?of …”

Contested development theories S. 113-114

„… ? a?democratically?elected?leader?even?be?able?to?afford?such?good?relations?with?the?U.?S.??Thus,?can?the?U.?S.?afford?to?apply?its?idealism …” „… ?education?levels?and?economic?power,?ready?for?democracy??Is?there?any?relationship?between?educational? levels?and?democracy?in?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 113 06.09.2010 15:34:21 UhrU.?S. Idealism …”

Appendices S. 193-198

„… 15:38:00 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality194Daoud? Stephen? Casewit,? Executive? Secretary …” „… ?State,?(January?2,?2008,?Washington?D.C.).2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 195 06.09.2010 15:38:04 UhrU.?S. Idealism …”

Pre-requisites for democracy? S. 51-57

„… , Strategy paper 2002.2010_Diss_Nautre_03_Kap_01.indd 51 27.09.2010 11:26:01 UhrU. S. Idealism Meets …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 53 06.09.2010 15:31:39 UhrU. S. Idealism Meets Reality54Modernization versus …” „… 06.09.2010 15:31:44 UhrU. S. Idealism Meets Reality56frage is common in the ‘West’, and it is perceived …”

Support for NGOs S. 106-108

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality106 …” „… ,? (Washington,?D.C.:?Carnegie?Endowment?for?International?Peace,?2008).2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 107 06.09.2010 15:34:09 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality108 …”

Democracy promotion as a means to fight the root causes of terrorism S. 150-152

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality150 …” „… .?14,?No.?4,?Winter?2007,?37.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 151 06.09.2010 15:36:07 UhrU.?S. Idealism …”

Issues of concern S. 59-61

„… ,?2003),?31.2? Ibid:?42.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 59 06.09.2010 15:31:53 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality60 …” „… national greatness”…. Bush embraces “a distinctly American internationalism” that consists of “Idealism …”

A war of values S. 72-74

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality72failure? to? respond? more? forcefully? to? prior? aggression? such …” „… Post,?December?12,?2004,?A06.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 73 06.09.2010 15:32:32 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …”

Democracy as a means to an end S. 82-84

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality82 …” „… . Idealism Meets Reality84Consequently,?as?early?as?December?2001 …”

Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 152-154

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality152“As a result also an ever-expanding chasm between civil society and …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 153 06.09.2010 15:36:13 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality154Bureaucrats, incentives and …”

Bureaucrats, incentives and structures S. 154-156

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality154Bureaucrats, incentives and structuresThe? different? agencies …” „… ? Interviews?with?U.?S.?government?officials?in?Washington?D.C.?and?Rabat,?Morocco?September?2007?until?June?2008.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 155 06.09.2010 15:36:18 UhrU.?S. Idealism …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 156-158

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality156“You never know if there is someone in the embassy, trying to …” „… ? Interview?conducted?with?U.?S.?government?official?in?Rabat,?Morocco,?May?2008.55? Ibid.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 157 06.09.2010 15:36:24 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …”

Expectations of the role of outsiders S. 158-160

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality158Near?East?where,?as?U.?S.?embassy?staff ?noted,?Americans?can …” „… . Idealism Meets Reality160derives?his?legitimacy?on?the?basis?of …”

Retaliation S. 74-76

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality74will’.11?Indeed,?a?large?section?of …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 75 06.09.2010 15:32:37 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality76The way foreign policy was …”

Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) S. 94-96

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality94million?in?FY?05”.19?Some?of …” „… ?million,?which?was?reduced?to?$74.4?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 95 06.09.2010 15:33:36 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality96 …”

Supporting evidence for democracy promotion S. 84-87

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality84Consequently,?as?early?as?December?2001 …” „… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 85 06.09.2010 15:33:08 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality86 …”

Increase in funding at the State Department and USAID S. 91-94

„… 15:33:24 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality92Azpuru?et?al?also?contend,?even?though?the?trend?of …” „… ?2006),?11.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 93 06.09.2010 15:33:30 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality94million?in?FY …”

Increase in funding at the State Department and USAID S. 115-118

„… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 115 06.09.2010 15:34:26 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality116 …” „… . Idealism Meets Reality118In?comparison?to?earlier?years,?the?Budget?Request?of ?2008 …”

Weak political opposition S. 128-131

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality128of …” „… ? Transition?,”?Carnegie?Endowment?for?International?Peace,?Carnegie?Paper?No.?71,?October?2006.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 129 06.09.2010 15:35:07 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …”

Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 145-149

„… 15:35:49 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality146added?more?fuel? to?critics’? fire …” „… ?Defence,?Washington?D.C.?and?Rabat,?Morocco?September?2007-May?2008.2010_Diss_Nautre_08_Kap_06.indd 147 27.09.2010 11:32:43 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets …”

Conclusion S. 58

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality58 …”

Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) S. 106

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality106 …”

Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) S. 120

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality120a?certain? level?of ? trust?and?reinforced?the?strength?of …”

Conclusion S. 108-110

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality108mocracy?promotion.55 …”

Repercussions of U. S. policies S. 57-58

„… ,? “Upgrading?Authoritarianism?in?the?Arab?World,”?Brookings?Institution,?Saban?Center?Analysis?Paper,?October?2007.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 57 06.09.2010 15:31:49 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality58 …”

Conclusion S. 69-70

„… UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality70the?same?principles?as? the?previous?Clinton?administration.?For?example …”

Policies towards the Middle East S. 68-69

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality68tages.?Once?again,?critics?protested?at?a?display?of …”

Broader Middle East and North Africa Initiative (BMENA) S. 97-98

„… ,?and?Germany?and?Yemen?organized?a?29? Ibid.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 97 06.09.2010 15:33:41 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality98 …”

Diplomatic pressure S. 100-101

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality100 …”

Implementation of new rationale S. 114-115

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality114 …”

Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) S. 118-119

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality118In?comparison?to?earlier?years,?the?Budget?Request?of ?2008 …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 149-150

„… ra?Cofman?Wittes?and?Sarah?E?Yerkes,?“The?Middle?East?Partnership?Initiative:?Progress,?Problems,?and?Prospects,”?(Brookings?Institution,?November?29,?2004).2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 149 06.09.2010 15:36:01 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality …”

Research Question S. 11-12

„… ?key?interest?here?is?also?whether?and?how?this?policy?was?implemented?through?various?different?U.?S.?government?agencies.?It?will?then?attempt?to?draw?wider?conclusions?from?U.?S.?policies?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 11 06.09.2010 15:30:14 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality12 …”

The Middle East and democracy promotion S. 63-64

„… 06.09.2010 15:32:04 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality64 …”

Asserting U. S. power S. 71-72

„… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 71 06.09.2010 15:32:26 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality72failure? to? respond? more? forcefully …”

Support for authoritarian states reconsidered S. 81-82

„… ?2002.39? Ibid.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 81 06.09.2010 15:32:56 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality82 …”

Middle East Free Trade Area (MEFTA) S. 96-97

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality96numbers?reveal?that?post?9/11?an?added?$480 …”

Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) S. 98-99

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality98meeting?with?the?ministers?of …”

Support for NGOs S. 99-100

„… ?sheer?survival.”?National?Endowment?for?Democracy,?Strategy?paper?2002.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 99 06.09.2010 15:33:46 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality100 …”

Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) S. 103-104

„… Agenda?(Washington?D.C.:?Brookings?Institution,?September?2006).2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 103 06.09.2010 15:33:58 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality104 …”

Middle East Free Trade Area (MEFTA) S. 104-105

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality104 …”

Broader Middle East and North Africa Initiative (BMENA) S. 105-106

„… Demokratieförderung?(Baden-Baden:?Nomos,?2008),?119.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 105 06.09.2010 15:34:04 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality …”

Broader Middle East and North Africa Initiative (BMENA) S. 119-120

„… 15:34:37 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality120a?certain? level?of ? trust?and?reinforced?the?strength?of …”

Support for NGOs S. 120-121

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality120a?certain? level?of ? trust?and?reinforced?the?strength?of …”

Conservatism and tolerance S. 127-128

„… 06.09.2010 15:35:01 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality128of …”

Expectation of the role of outsiders S. 172-173

„… U.?S. Idealism Meets Reality172Contested development theories: MoroccoExpectation of the role of …”

Marginalization S. 131-133

„… ? Interviews?conducted?with?U.?S.?policy?makers,?U.?S.?democracy?promoters?and?Moroccans;?see?Annex,?Rabat,?Morocco,?April-May?2008.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 131 06.09.2010 15:35:12 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality132 …”

Bureaucrats, incentives and structures S. 43-45

„… University Press, 1981), 258.2010_Diss_Nautre_03_Kap_01.indd 43 27.09.2010 11:21:00 UhrU. S. Idealism …”

Self-reflection-why do they hate us? S. 79-81

„… 15:32:50 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality80 …”

Diplomatic pressure S. 89-91

„… UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality90 …”

Legitimacy of the King S. 123-125

„… 15:34:49 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality124In?the?last?years?of …”

Methodology S. 17-19

„… ?the?subject,?the?research?was?to?a?large?extent?based?on?policy?papers,?analysis?and?recommendations.?The?authors?of ?these?papers,?mostly?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 17 06.09.2010 15:30:22 UhrU.?S. Idealism …”

Policy implementation and practical obstacles S. 41-43

„… 15:31:06 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality42respective? basic? interests.? Illustrating? the? agencies …”

NGOs and structural challenges S. 45-47

„… it?(New?York:?Basic?Books,?1989),?8.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 45 06.09.2010 15:31:16 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality46 …”

Lack of definition S. 47-49

„… ? “Situating?the?UN?Democracy?Fund?in?the?Global?Arena,”?Mission?statement?UN?Democracy?Fund?(UNDEF),?2006.?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 47 06.09.2010 15:31:21 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality48 …”

Expectations of the role of outsiders S. 49-51

„… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 49 06.09.2010 15:31:28 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality50years?following?the?end?of …”

Focus on Great Powers and traditional security issues S. 61-63

„… ?eight?Republicans,?nicknamed?the?‘Vulcans’,?including?experts?who?had?served?in?one?way?or?another?in?previous?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 61 06.09.2010 15:31:58 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality62 …”

Additional measures & bilateral relations S. 121-123

„… ?the?Trans-Sahara?Counter-Terrorism?Initiative,”?Government?Accounting?Office?(GAO),?July?2008.2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 121 06.09.2010 15:34:43 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality122 …”

Monopoly over the reform discourse S. 125-127

„… ? King?Mohammed?VI?cited?in?Morocco–Annual?report,?Reporters?without?Borders,?2003.?2010_Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 125 06.09.2010 15:34:55 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality126 …”

Increase in funding at the State Department and USAID S. 101-103

„… _Diss_Nautre_Buch.indb 101 06.09.2010 15:33:52 UhrU.?S. Idealism Meets Reality102“The overall amount of U. S …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845227160

Eno Trimcev - Thinking Founding Moments with Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt and Eric Voegelin

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Eno Trimcev

Thinking Founding Moments with Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt and Eric Voegelin

Reihe: Politics-Debates-Concepts. Politik-Debatten-Begriffe

Band 5 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

The Idealism of Leo Strauss S. 40-77

„… Chapter 2 40 2. The Idealism of Leo Strauss Allan Bloom, a student of Leo Strauss, begins his …” „… Arendt and Leo Strauss (Cambridge University Press, 2015), esp., 27-31. The Idealism of Leo Strauss 41 …” „… Plato, (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1980), 511, endnote 1. The Idealism of Leo Strauss …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Outline of the Book 32 2. The Idealism of Leo Strauss 40 2.1 The Realism of Leo Strauss: Politics and …” „… Founding 43 2.2 Theorizing Foundings in Philosophy and Law 53 2.3 The Idealism of Leo Strauss 69 3. The …”

Conclusion: Thinking Founding Moments with Leo Strauss, Hannah Arendt and Eric Voegelin S. 263-279

„… vindicated. His understanding, like thought, moves to forge its own measure, but, unlike Straussian idealism …” „… Greekness required of the Spartan spirit to take flight on Athenian wings. The move beyond Idealism has …”

Hannah Arendt’s Theory of Political Action and the Founding Problem S. 111-143

„… Arendt’s ontological analytic, however, is no philosophical idealism as is Strauss’; foundations, Arendt …” „… desirability of Straussian idealism, Arendt’s account does not stumble over the paradox of founding. It does …” „… or undesirability of philosophical idealism comes into view. Since I covered aspect b) in the …”

Introduction S. 9-39

„… fullness of existence, explicitly rejecting any sort of transcendental idealism or ontology as such. Yet …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845278827

Beth A. Griech-Polelle - The Nuremberg War Crimes Trial and its Policy Consequences Today

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Beth A. Griech-Polelle (Hrsg.)

The Nuremberg War Crimes Trial and its Policy Consequences Today

2009

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Henry T. King Preface: The Spirit of Nuremberg–Idealism S. 6-12

„… 7 Preface: The Spirit of Nuremberg—Idealism Henry T. King, Jr. Harold Nickelson, a British …” „… captured the idealism that gave Nuremberg its forward thrust. Under the leadership of Robert Jackson we …” „… take it upon themselves to follow in our footsteps. So—let idealism and vision be the order of the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-5

„… : The Spirit of Nuremberg—Idealism Henry T. King, Jr. 7 Introduction: The Legacy of Nuremberg Beth …”

Beth A. Griech-Polelle Introduction: The Legacy of Nuremberg S. 12-18

„… his preface here, King recalls the current of idealism that pulsated through the proceedings, largely …”

Index S. 200-208

„… the Balkans idealism, 7, 14 immunity, 8, 17, 147n95, 148, 172 IMTFE (International Military …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845214122

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