Imperial Overstretch: Germany in Soviet Policy from Stalin to Gorbachev

Hannes Adomeit

doi:10.5771/9783845266114

Imperial Overstretch: Germany in Soviet Policy from Stalin to Gorbachev

An Analysis Based on New Archival Evidence, Memoirs, and Interviews

Reihe: Internationale Politik und Sicherheit

Band 48 2. Auflage 2016

CC-BY Vollzugriff

doi.org/10.5771/9783845266114
ISBN print: 978-3-8487-2452-9
ISBN online: 978-3-8452-6611-4
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

Abstract

The book is an analysis of the rise and fall of the Soviet empire in what, during the Cold War, was called ‘Eastern Europe’. Based on new archival evidence, it focuses on the dynamics leading to the division of Germany – a process by default rather than design; the role played in that process by the Soviet Union under Stalin; the reasons why his successors, from Khrushchev to Chernenko, stubbornly clung to the division for almost half a century; their increasing realization of the ‘costs of empire’; the failure of their attempts to limit East Germany ‘s dependence on West Germany; and the reasons why Gorbachev accepted the dissolution of the Soviet empire, abandoned his ‘strategic ally’ and consented to unified Germany’s membership in Nato. The Soviet Union had overextended itself in the attempt to maintain imperial control by the application of ‘hard power’. The lesson for today is obvious but Putin appears set to repeat the fateful course pursued by his Soviet predecessors.

Zusammenfassung

Das Buch ist eine Analyse von Aufstieg und Fall des sowjetischen Herrschaftssystems in dem Gebiet, das zur Zeit des Kalten Krieges „Osteuropa“ genannt wurde, und der Rolle, die das Deutschlandproblem dabei gespielt hat. Gestützt auf die Auswertung neuer Quellen aus den Partei- und Staatsarchiven ehemals kommunistischerer Länder rekonstruiert es die folgende Entwicklung: Die Teilung Deutschlands und dabei die Rolle der Sowjetunion unter Stalin; das eiserne Festhalten seiner Nachfolger an der Teilung; ihr zunehmendes Bewusstsein der hohen Kosten, welche die Aufrechterhaltung des imperialen Systems in Ostmitteleuropa verursachte; der Fehlschlag ihrer Anstrengungen, die wachsende wirtschaftliche und finanzielle Abhängigkeit der DDR von der Bundesrepublik zu verhindern; und schließlich die Gründe dafür, warum Gorbatschow die Auflösung des sowjetischen Herrschaftsbereichs in Ostmitteleuropa hinnahm und sogar der Mitgliedschaft des wiedervereinigten Deutschlands in der Nato zustimmte.„Angesichts der russischen Okkupation der Krim, der anhaltenden Krise in der Ostukraine und der dadurch ausgelösten Gegenreaktionen von NATO und EU scheint sich der Kalte Krieg in Europa zurückgemeldet zu haben. Geeigneter kann der Zeitpunkt für die überarbeitete Neuauflage des sich inzwischen zu einem Standartwerk entwickelten Buches von Hannes Adomeit nicht sein. Seine profunde Kenntnis und Auseinandersetzung mit sowjetischer und russischer Politik seit fünf Jahrzehnten und sein Zugang zu neuem russischen Archivmaterial qualifiziert ihn zu einem der besten und erfahrensten Experten auf internationaler Ebene. Wer die sowjetische Politik nach dem II. Weltkrieg bis zur Wiedervereinigung Deutschlands und ihre Implikationen für die letzten 25 Jahre verstehen will, kommt an Adomeits Buch und seiner analytischen Brillanz nicht vorbei".

Prof. Dr. h.c. Horst Teltschik, September 2015

“Of all of the analyses of the fall of the Soviet Union and reunification of Germany, Hannes Adomeit’s 1998 classic, »Imperial Overstretch«, has stood the test of time. Its re-publication here by Nomos, with some modest updates by the author, will be welcomed by scholars, students, the policy community, and the informed public, as a trenchant interpretation of what happened to the ‘Soviet bloc’, but also as an introduction to the assertive imperial politics of Vladimir Putin and the Russian Federation.”

Norman M. Naimark, Stanford University, November 2015

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