Abstract
Dieses Buch befasst sich mit der Art und dem Geltungsbereich von Gemeinschaftskollektivmarken und untersucht, inwieweit Zertifizierungszeichen im Rahmen des geltenden europäischen Markenrechts umfasst werden.
Auch wenn man den Vorschlag für eine neue europäische Markenverordnung 2013 befürwortet, so müssen die beiden Formen unterschieden werden, da sie unterschiedlichen Zwecken dienen. Ferner befasst sich das Werk mit der Rolle und der Bedeutung der geografischen Herkunftsangabe im Recht der Europäischen Union, ebenso wie mit der Frage, ob die Herkunftsangabe noch als eigenständiger Regelungsbereich erhalten bleiben soll.
Die Vorteile der verschiedenen Kennzeichen werden durch Diskrepanzen in der Terminologie und Unsicherheiten in Theorie und Praxis behindert. Das Werk untersucht das Potential eines jeden Systems durch die Analyse der Gemeinschaftsmarkenverordnung (GMV) in ihrer jetzigen Form und der Praxis des HABM, im Vergleich zu den nationalen Rechtsvorschriften und unter Zugrundelegung der Intention des europäischen Gesetzgebers.
Zusammenfassung
Dieses Buch befasst sich mit der Art und dem Geltungsbereich von Gemeinschaftskollektivmarken und untersucht, inwieweit Zertifizierungszeichen im Rahmen des geltenden europäischen Markenrechts umfasst werden.
Auch wenn man den Vorschlag für eine neue europäische Markenverordnung 2013 befürwortet, so müssen die beiden Formen unterschieden werden, da sie unterschiedlichen Zwecken dienen. Ferner befasst sich das Werk mit der Rolle und der Bedeutung der geografischen Herkunftsangabe im Recht der Europäischen Union, ebenso wie mit der Frage, ob die Herkunftsangabe noch als eigenständiger Regelungsbereich erhalten bleiben soll.
Die Vorteile der verschiedenen Kennzeichen werden durch Diskrepanzen in der Terminologie und Unsicherheiten in Theorie und Praxis behindert. Das Werk untersucht das Potential eines jeden Systems durch die Analyse der Gemeinschaftsmarkenverordnung (GMV) in ihrer jetzigen Form und der Praxis des HABM, im Vergleich zu den nationalen Rechtsvorschriften und unter Zugrundelegung der Intention des europäischen Gesetzgebers.
- Kapitel Ausklappen | EinklappenSeiten
- 9–10 Abstract 9–10
- 13–14 I. Introduction 13–14
- Books
- Shahid Alikhan & R. A. Mashelkar, Intellectual Property and Competitive Strategies in the 21st Century (Kluwer Law International 2009).
- Ruth E. Annand & Helen E. Norman, Guide to the Community Trade Mark (Blackstone Press Limited 1998).
- Jeffrey Belson, Certification Marks: Special Report (Sweet & Maxwell 2002).
- Gail E. Evans, A comparative analysis of the protection of GIs in the European Union and the United States under sui generis and trademark systems in Toshiko Takenaka (Ed.), Intellectual Property in Common Law and Civil Law (Edward Elgar Publishing 2013). doi.org/10.4337/9780857934376.00021
- Andreas Ebert-Weidenfeller et al., Marque communautaire (WIPLA 2000).
- J. Feldges & I. Frost, Collective Trade Marks in Mario Franzosi (Ed.), European Community Trade Mark – Commentary to the European Community Regulation (Kluwer Law International 1997).
- Karl-Heinz Fezer, Handbuch der Markenpraxis – Band II. Markenvertragsrecht (Verlag C.H. Beck 2007).
- Karl-Heinz Fezer, Markenrecht – MarkenG § 97, Abs.1 Rn 9, Kollektivmarken (Verlag C.H. Beck München 2009).
- Benjamin Fontaine, Les indications geographiques et le systeme de la marque communautaire (E.G.Y.P. 2010).
- Dev Gangjee, Overlaps between trade marks and GIs in Neil Wilkof & Shamnad Basheer (Eds), Overlapping Intellectual Property Rights (Oxford University Press, 1st ed. 2012).
- Dev Gangjee, Protecting GIs as Collective Trade marks – The Prospects and Pitfalls (IIP 2006).
- Dev Gangjee, (Re)Locating GIs: a response to Bronwyn Parry in Lionel Bently, Jennifer Davis and Jane C. Ginsburg (Eds.), Trade Marks and Brands: An Interdisciplinary Critique (Cambridge University Press 2011)
- Daniele Giovannucci et al., Guide to GIs – Linking Products and their Origins (ITC Publications 2009)
- Caroline le Goffic, La protection des indications géographiques – France, Union européenne, Etats-Unis (IRPI 2010)
- Reinhardt Ingerl, Die Gemeinschaftsmarke (Boorberg 1996)
- David T. Keeling, David Llewelyn, James Mellor, Kerly’s Law of Trade Marks and Trade Names (Sweet & Maxwell, 15th ed. 2011)
- Jim Keon, Intellectual Property Rules for Trade marks and GIs: Important Parts of the New World Trade Order in Carlos M. Correa & Abdulqawi A. Yusuf (Eds), Intellectual Property and International Trade: The TRIPS Agreement (2nd ed. 2008)
- Mich.-Theod. D. Marinos, Dikaio Simatwn (Dikaio kai Oikonomia – P.N. Sakkoulas 2007) [in Greek – transliterated title]
- Worf-Friedrich Michel, Der Schutz geographischer Herkunftsangaben durch das Markenrecht und certification marks (Berlin Verlag Arno SpitzGmbH 1995)
- Bernard O’ Connor, The Law of GIs (Cameron May 2004)
- Bronwyn Parry, GIs: not all “champagne and roses” in Lionel Bently, Jennifer Davis and Jane C. Ginsburg (Eds.), Trade Marks and Brands: An Interdisciplinary Critique (Cambridge University Press 2011)
- Alexander Peukert, The competitive advantage of collective trade marks in Jan Rosén (Ed.), Individualism and Collectiveness in Intellectual Property Law (Edward Elgar Publishing 2012). doi.org/10.4337/9780857939616.00021
- Dwijen Rangnekar, Slice of Parma Ham: Understanding the Protection of GIs in Peter K. Yu (Ed.), Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Issues and Practices in the Digital Age (Greenwood Publishing Group 2007)
- Lasse A Søndergaard Christensen & Janne Britt Hansen, A contrast with trade mark law: the permitted use of GIs in Jeremy Phillips, Trade Marks at the Limit (Edward Elgar Publishing 2006) doi.org/10.4337/9781847200129.00011
- David Tatham & William Richards, ECTA Guide to the E.U. Trade Mark Legislation (Sweet & Maxwell 1998)
- P.A.C.E. van der Kooij, The Community Trade Mark Regulation – An Article by Article Guide (Sweet & Maxwell, 1st ed. 2000)
- David Vivas-Eugui & Christophe Spennemann, The Evolving Regime for GIs in WTO and in Free Trade Agreements in Carlos M. Correa & Abdulqawi A. Yusuf (Eds), Intellectual Property and International Trade: The TRIPS Agreement (Kluwer Law International, 2nd ed. 2008)
- Alexander von Mühlendahl et al., Die Gemeinschaftsmarke (Stämpfli Verlag 1998)
- Articles
- Jeffrey Belson, Certification marks, guarantees and trust, 24(7) EIPR 340 (2002)
- Günter Berg, Die geographische Herkunftsangabe – ein Konkurrent für die Marke?, GRUR Int 425 (1996)
- Zohra Bouamra-Mechemache & Jad Chaaban, Protected Designation of Origin Revisited 8(1) JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL & FOOD INDUSTRIAL ORGANISATION, [Article 5] (2010) doi.org/10.2202/1542-0485.1306
- Jean Christophe Bureau & Egizio Valceschini, European Food-Labelling Policy: Successes and Limitations, 34(3) JOURNAL OF FOOD DISTRIBUTION RESEARCH 70 (2003)
- William Van Caenegem, Registered GIs: Intellectual Property, Agricultural Policy and International Trade, 26(4) EIPR 170 (2004)
- William van Caenegem, Registered GIs : Between Intellectual Property and Rural Policy – Part I, 6(5) JWIP 699 (2003) doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2003.tb00237.x
- William van Caenegem, Registered GIs Between Intellectual Property and Rural Policy—Part II, 6(6) JWIP 874 (2003) doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2003.tb00246.x
- Erick Camilo Castellanos, Indications of Geographical Origin Vis-a-Vis Trade marks Analysis in the Light of ‘Café De Colombia, 18 TILBURG UNIVERSITY LEGAL STUDIES WORKING PAPER SERIES (2010) doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1652349
- Christophe Charlier & Mai-Anh Ngo, GIs outside the European Regulation on PGIs, and the rule of free movement of goods: lessons from cases judged by the Court of Justice of the European Communities, 34(1) EUR J LAW ECON 17 (2012) doi.org/10.1007/s10657-012-9333-4
- Steve Charters & Nathalie Spielmann, Characteristics of strong territorial brands: The case of champagne, JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH (2013) [forthcoming]
- Margaret Chon, Marks of Rectitude, 77 FORDHAM LAW REVIEW 101 (2009)
- Nicholas S. Economides, The Economics of Trademarks, 78 TRADEMARK REP., 523 (1988)
- Gail Elisabeth Evans, The Comparative Advantages of GIs and Community Trade Marks for the Marketing of Agricultural Production in the European Union, 41 IIC 645 (2010) doi.org/10.1093/yel/29.1.224
- Gail E. Evans & Michael Blakeney, The Protection of GIs after Doha: Quo Vadis?, 9(3) JIEL 575 (2006) doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgl016
- Uche U. Ewelukwa, Comparative Trade mark Law: Fair Use Defense, 13 WIDENER LAW REVIEW 97 (2006)
- Dev Gangjee, Melton Mowbray and the GI pie in the sky: Exploring Cartographies of Protection, 3 IPQ 291 (2006)
- Dev Gangjee, Quibbling Siblings: Conflicts between Trade marks and GIs, 82 CHI.-KENT L. REV. 1253 (2007)
- Mateo Gragnani, The Law of GIs in the EU, 7(4) JIPLP 271 (2012) doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jps020
- Justin Hughes, Champagne, Feta and Bourbon: The spirited debate about GIs, 58 HASTINGS LAW JOURNAL 299 (2006)
- Hélène Ilbert & Michel Petit, Are GIs a Valid Property Right? Global Trends and Challenges, 27(5) DEVELOP POL REV 503 (September 2009). doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.2009.00457.x
- Herbert Johnston & Roberto Rozas, Impact of certification marks on innovation and the global market place, 19(10) EIPR 598 (1997)
- Tim Josling, What's in a Name? The economics, law and politics of GIs for foods and beverages, IIIS DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES (January 2006) doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.922267
- Tim Josling, The war on terroir: GIs as a Transatlantic Conflict, 57(3) JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 337 (2006) doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.2006.00075.x
- William A. Kerr, Enjoying a Good Port with a Clear Conscience: Geographic Indicators, Rent Seeking and Development, 7(1) THE ESTEY CENTRE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND TRADE POLICY 1 (2006)
- Irina Kireeva, How to register GIs in the European Community, 33(1) WORLD PATENT INFORMATION 72 (2011) doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2010.08.001
- Mark Lerach, Modernisierung des Europäischen Markensystems: ein erster Blick auf den Vorschlag der EU-Kommission, GRUR-PRAX 195 (2013)
- Eleonora Lorenzini et al., Territorial Brands for Tourism Development, A statistical analysis on the Marche Region, 38(2) ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH 540 (2011) doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.10.008
- Miguel Angel Medina Gonzalez, Collective, guarantee and certification marks and GIs: connections and dissimilarities, 7(4) JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW & PRACTICE 251 (2012) doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jps018
- Warren Moran, Rural Space as Intellectual Property, 12(3) POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY 263 (1993) doi.org/10.1016/0962-6298(93)90057-E
- Peter Munzinger, Blue jeans and other GIs: an overview of protection systems for GIs, 7(4) JIPLP, 283 (2012) doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jps019
- Dwijen Rangnekar, The Socio-Economics of GIs – A Review of Empirical Evidence from Europe, UNCTAD-ICTSD Project on IPRs and Sustainable Development, Issue Paper No. 8 (May 2004) doi.org/10.7215/IP_IP_20040501B
- Kal Raustiala & Stephen R. Munzer, The Global Struggle over Geographic Indications, 18(2) THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 337 (2007)
- Alberto Francisco Ribeiro de Almeida, Key Differences between Trade Marks and GIs, 30(10) EIPR 406 (2008)
- Marco Ricolfi, Is the European GIs Policy in Need of Rethinking?, IIC 123 (2009)
- Lennart Schüβler, Protecting ‘Single-Origin Coffee’ within the Global Coffee Market: The Role of GIs and Trade marks, 10(1) THE ESTEY CENTRE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND TRADE POLICY 149 (2009)
- Conference Papers
- Christophe Charlier & Mai-Anh Ngo, Agro Food’s Quality Signs and Free Movement of Goods. What Strategies for the European Operators?, 12th EAAE Congress “People, Food and Environments: Global Trends and European Strategies” (August 2008, Ghent) [number 44316].
- Tilman Cornelius Becker & Alexander Staus, European Food Quality Policy: the Importance of GIs, Organic Certification and Food Quality Insurance in European Countries, 12th EAAE Congress “People, Food and Environments: Global Trends and European Strategies” (August 2008, Ghent) [number 44455]
- Reports and Working Papers
- Luis Miguel Albisu, Link between OLP and local production systems, supply chain analysis, Final Report, Concerted Action DOLPHINS (July 2002) at 9, available at http://www.origin-food.org/pdf/wp2/wp2-1.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Study on the Overall Functioning of the European Trade Mark System presented by Max Planck Institute for Intellectual Property and Competition Law, 15.2.2011, at 212, available at http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/indprop/docs/tm/20110308_allensbach-study_en.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- WIPO, Standing Committee on the law of trademarks, industrial designs and GIs, SCT/8/4, 2002
- Working Document of the Commission Services, Protection of GIs, Designations of Origin and Certificates of Specific Character for Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs, Guide to Community Regulations (2nd ed. August 2004), available at http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/publi/gi/broch_en.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Other sources
- DG Agriculture and Rural Development Working Document, GIs, Background Paper to the Green Paper on Agricultural Product Quality, October 2008, available at http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/quality/policy/workingdocs/gi_en.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Guidelines Concerning Proceedings before the OHIM, Part B, Examination (April 2008), Section 4, available at http://oami.europa.eu/en/mark/marque/pdf/examination-23042008-EN.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- OHIM’s "Manual of Trade Mark Practice", Part B (Examination), Section 4 (Absolute grounds for Refusal and Community Collective Marks), available at https://oami.europa.eu/tunnel-web/secure/webdav/guest/document_library/contentPdfs/law_and_practice/trade_marks_practice_manual/part%20_b_section_4_ag_manual_after_gl_en.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- OHIM’s Opposition Guidelines Part 6, Proof of Use (2.6.2014) at 31-32, available at https://oami.europa.eu/tunnel-web/secure/webdav/guest/document_library/contentPdfs/law_and_practice/trade_marks_guidelines/16_part_c_opposition_section_6_proof_of_use/clean_version/16_part_c_opposition_section_6_proof_of_use_clean_en.pdf (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Orazio Olivieri, Using Collective Marks for the Protection of Traditional Products, available at http://www.wipo.int/sme/en/documents/collective_mark.htm (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Questions on the Application Procedure (OHIM) available at https://oami.europa.eu/ohimportal/en/application-procedure#2.B.10 (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- Cases
- Case C-269/99 Carl Kühne GmbH & Co. KG and Others v Jütro Konservenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG (2001)
- Case C-108/01, Consorzio del Prosciutto di Parma and Salumificio S. Rita SpA v Asda Stores Ltd and Hygrade Foods Ltd (2003)
- Case R-9702008-2 Association Française de Normalisation/NFB Transport Systems AB (2009) 2nd BoA
- Case R 675/2010-2 Demeter Association, Inc/OHIM (2011) 2nd BoA
- International Legislation
- Article 10 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
- Article 1.1 Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods
- Article 2 Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration
- Article 22 Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
- European Legislation and Proposals
- Regulation (EEC) 1601/91 of 10 June 1991 laying down general rules on the definition, description and presentation of aromatized wines, aromatized wine-based drinks and aromatized wine-product cocktails [1991] OJ L 149
- Regulation (EC) 2868/95 of 13 December 1995 implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 40/94 on the Community trade mark [1995] OJ L 303
- Regulation (EC) 509/2006 of 20 March 2006 on agricultural products and foodstuffs as traditional specialities guaranteed [2006] OJ L 93/1
- Regulation (EC) 510/2006 of 20 March 2006 on the protection of GIs and designations of origin for agricultural products and foodstuffs [2006] OJ L 93/12
- Regulation (EC) 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) [2007] OJ L 299/1 (as lastly amended by Regulation (EC) 491/2009 of 25 May 2009)
- Regulation (EC) 110/2008 of 15 January 2008 on the definition, description, presentation, labelling and the protection of spirit drinks and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 1576/89 [2008] OJ L 39/16
- Regulation (EC) 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of the market in wine, amending Regulations (EC) No 1493/1999, (EC) No 1782/2003, (EC) No 1290/2005, (EC) No 3/2008 and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 2392/86 and (EC) No 1493/1999 [2008] OJ L 148/1
- Regulation (EC) 207/2009 of 26 February 2009 on the Community trade mark [2009] OJ L 78/1
- Regulation (EU) 1151/2012 of 21 November 2012 on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs [2012] OJ L 343/1
- Directive 2008/95/EC of 22 October 2008 to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks [2008] OJ L 299/25
- Commission, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) No 207/2009 on the Community trade mark, COM(2013) 161 final, available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2013:0161:FIN:EN:PDF (last accessed Jun 19, 2014)
- National Legislation
- Article 21 of the Swiss Trade Mark Act (Switzerland)
- Schedule 1 para. 3, Schedule2 para. 3 Trade Marks Act 1994 (United Kingdom)
- 15 USC § 1054 (United States)