Unlawful Content Online

Schlagworte

Urheberrecht E-Commerce Copyright hate speech Online-Plattformen intermediary liability platform regulation content dissemination product safety technical standards Hassreden UFITA Safety-by-Design Markenfälschungen Illegale Inhalte

Keywords

EU law Internet law counterfeit

• Bibliography
• A. Books, book sections, journal articles and public reports
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• ——, European Intermediary Liability in Copyright: A Tort-Based Analysis (Kluwer Law International BV 2017)
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• ‘ISO - ISO 9000 Family — Quality Management’ (ISO) <https://www.iso.org/iso-9001-quality-management.html> accessed 11 August 2020
• ‘ISO - ISO 31000 — Risk Management’ (ISO) <https://www.iso.org/iso-31000-risk-management.html> accessed 14 August 2020
• ‘ISO - ISO/IEC 27001 — Information Security Management’ (ISO) <https://www.iso.org/isoiec-27001-information-security.html> accessed 11 August 2020
• Jan 21 JY| and 2019, ‘Global Ecommerce Sales Grow 18% in 2018’ (Digital Commerce 360) <https://www.digitalcommerce360.com/article/global-ecommerce-sales/> accessed 11 July 2019
• Jasser C, ‘Recent Decisions of the Paris Court of Appeal: Towards an Extra Duty of Surveillance for Hosting Providers?’ (Kluwer Copyright Blog, 29 March 2011) <http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2011/03/29/recent-decisions-of-the-paris-court-of-appeal-towards-an-extra-duty-of-surveillance-for-hosting-providers/> accessed 17 February 2020
• Jeong S, The Internet of Garbage (1.5, Vox Media, Inc 2018)
• ‘Joint Initiative on Standardisation: Responding to a Changing Marketplace - Growth - European Commission’ (Growth) </growth/content/joint-initiative-standardisation-responding-changing-marketplace-0_en> accessed 29 August 2018
• Kayali L, ‘Brussels’ Plan to Rein in Big Tech Takes Shape’ POLITICO (30 September 2020) <https://www.politico.eu/article/digital-services-act-brussels-plan-to-rein-in-big-tech-takes-shape-thierry-breton-margrethe-vestager/> accessed 4 November 2020
• Keller D, ‘Filtering Facebook: Why Internet Users and EU Policymakers Should Worry about the Advocate General’s Opinion in Glawischnig-Piesczek’ (Inforrm’s Blog, 7 September 2019) <https://inforrm.org/2019/09/08/filtering-facebook-why-internet-users-and-eu-policymakers-should-worry-about-the-advocate-generals-opinion-in-glawischnig-piesczek-daphne-keller/> accessed 25 October 2019
• Kinsella S, ‘Twitter Cannot Keep Hiding Behind Blanket Anonymity’ (Inforrm’s Blog, 6 April 2020) <https://inforrm.org/2020/04/07/twitter-cannot-keep-hiding-behind-blanket-anonymity-stephen-kinsella/> accessed 9 April 2020
• Klappich CD and others, ‘Warehousing and Fulfillment Vendor Guide’ (Gartner 2018) Research Note
• Knies B, ‘Amazon Haftet Für Urheberrechtsverletzungen Seiner Verkäufer’ (new-media-law.net, 9 June 2016) <https://www.new-media-law.net/amazon-haftet-fuer-urheberrechtsverletzungen-seiner-verkaeufer/> accessed 17 January 2020
• Ku M, ‘Introducing Marketplace: Buy and Sell With Your Local Community’ (About Facebook, 3 October 2016) <https://about.fb.com/news/2016/10/introducing-marketplace-buy-and-sell-with-your-local-community/> accessed 11 November 2020
• Lee D and Murphy H, ‘Facebook Fails to Curb Spread of Medical Misinformation, Report Finds’ FT.com (19 August 2020)
• ‘Magnitude of Counterfeiting and Piracy of Tangible Products – November 2009 Update’ (OECD 2009) <https://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/magnitudeofcounterfeitingandpiracyoftangibleproductsnovember2009update.htm> accessed 12 June 2020
• ‘Marketplaces Year in Review 2018’ (Marketplace Pulse 2018) <https://www.marketplacepulse.com/marketplaces-year-in-review-2018> accessed 17 July 2019
• Masters K, ‘The One Change That Would Drastically Reduce Counterfeiting On Amazon’s U.S. Marketplace’ (Forbes) <https://www.forbes.com/sites/kirimasters/2019/11/13/the-one-change-that-would-drastically-reduce-counterfeiting-on-amazons-us-marketplace/> accessed 25 June 2020
• Mcconnell G, ‘Amazon Starts “Brand Gating” to Stop Counterfeits’ (1 September 2016) <https://blog.redpoints.com/en/amazon-plans-to-combat-counterfeits> accessed 19 June 2020
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• Meeker M, ‘Internet Trends 2019’ <https://www.bondcap.com/report/itr19/> accessed 14 June 2019
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• Murphy H, Lee D and Venkataramakrishnan S, ‘Facebook Groups Trading Fake Amazon Reviews Remain Rampant’ FT.com (12 August 2020) <https://www.ft.com/content/d4af6504-924e-4f94-b82e-0f02671faa12> accessed 20 August 2020
• nutraingredients.com, ‘How Responsible Is Amazon for the Supplements Sold on Its Sites?’ (nutraingredients.com) <https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2015/10/09/Amazon-s-supplement-responsibility> accessed 9 July 2020
• Olay’ (Amazon.co.uk) <https://www.amazon.co.uk/stores/Olay/Olay/page/3BBAE664-6ADE-4D62-86AD-A052F323E900> accessed 19 June 2020
• ‘Online Offered Food (2017) - Food Safety - European Commission’ (Food Safety) <https://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/official_controls/eu-coordinated-control-plans/online-offered-food-2017_en> accessed 20 April 2021
• ‘Open Letter on Intermediary Liability Protections in the Digital Single Market’ (EDRi, 28 April 2015) <https://edri.org/open-letter-on-intermediary-liability-protections-in-the-digital-single-market/> accessed 28 October 2019
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• ‘Press - YouTube’ <https://www.youtube.com/about/press/> accessed 4 June 2020
• ‘Product Safety Policy’ (eBay) <https://www.eBay.co.uk/help/policies/prohibited-restricted-items/product-safety-policy?id=4300> accessed 6 July 2020
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• Red Points, Millennials and Piracy - Behaviour, Trends and Future Planning (2016) <https://meet.redpoints.com/lp-203-ebook-millennials-and-piracy/> accessed 7 May 2020
• ‘REFIT – Making EU Law Simpler and Less Costly’ (European Commission - European Commission) <https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-making-process/evaluating-and-improving-existing-laws/refit-making-eu-law-simpler-and-less-costly_en> accessed 7 January 2020
• Renieris EM, ‘What Google’s Privacy Sandbox Means for Internet Governance’ (Emerging Technology, Platform Governance - Centre for International Governance Innovation, 19 March 2021) <https://www.cigionline.org/articles/what-googles-privacy-sandbox-means-internet-governance> accessed 1 April 2021
• ‘Research’ (Marketplace Pulse) <https://www.marketplacepulse.com/research> accessed 19 June 2020
• ‘Roles and Responsibilities of Intermediaries: Fighting Counterfeiting and Piracy in the Supply Chain’ <https://iccwbo.org/publication/roles-responsibilities-intermediaries/> accessed 26 September 2017
• ——, ‘Italian Court Finds Google and YouTube Liable for Failing to Remove Unlicensed Content (but Confirms Eligibility for Safe Harbour Protection)’ (The IPKat, 30 April 2017) <https://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2019/03/italian-supreme-court-clarifies.html> accessed 23 January 2020
• Rolland S, ‘Coronavirus : Internet infesté par les arnaques et les fake news’ La Tribune (20 February 2020) <https://www.latribune.fr/technos-medias/internet/coronavirus-internet-infeste-par-les-arnaques-et-les-fake-news-840839.html> accessed 20 August 2020
• Rosati E, ‘Milan Court Issues Dynamic Blocking Injunction against Italian ISPs - The IPKat’ (The IPKat, 25 August 2018) <https://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2018/08/milan-court-issues-dynamic-blocking.html> accessed 18 February 2020
• Rosati E, ‘Facebook Found Liable for Hosting Links to Unlicensed Content’ (The IPKat, 21 February 2019) <http://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2019/02/facebook-found-liable-for-hosting-links.html> accessed 23 January 2020
• Rosati E, ‘Italian Supreme Court Clarifies Availability of Safe Harbours, Content of Notice-and-Takedown Requests, and Stay-down Obligations - The IPKat | Diigo’ (The IPKat, 20 March 2019) <https://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2019/03/italian-supreme-court-clarifies.html> accessed 23 January 2020
• Rowbottom J, ‘If Digital Intermediaries Are to Be Regulated, How Should It Be Done?’ (Media Policy Project, 16 July 2018) <http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mediapolicyproject/2018/07/16/if-digital-intermediaries-are-to-be-regulated-how-should-it-be-done/> accessed 7 August 2018
• ‘Safety Gate: The Rapid Alert System for Dangerous Non-Food Products’ <https://ec.europa.eu/consumers/consumers_safety/safety_products/rapex/alerts/repository/content/pages/rapex/index_en.htm> accessed 3 July 2020
• ‘Search Engine Market Share Europe’ (StatCounter Global Stats) <https://gs.statcounter.com/search-engine-market-share/all/europe> accessed 27 May 2020
• ‘Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act’ <https://www.eff.org/issues/cda230> accessed 8 October 2019
• ‘Signaler les comportements inappropriés’ <https://help.twitter.com/fr/safety-and-security/report-abusive-behavior> accessed 5 February 2020
• ‘Skype Adds Snapchat-like AI Photo Effects to Its Mobile App’ (Engadget) <https://www.engadget.com/2017/11/08/skype-photo-effects/> accessed 31 July 2019
• Solomon N, ‘Why Amazon’s Collaboration With the CIA Is So Ominous -- and Vulnerable’ HuffPost (34:16 500) <https://www.huffpost.com/entry/why-amazons-collaboration_b_4824854> accessed 10 April 2020
• Spitz B, ‘France: YouTube, Universal and SACEM Enter into a New Agreement’ (Kluwer Copyright Blog, 16 April 2013) <http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2013/04/16/france-youtube-universal-and-sacem-enter-into-a-new-agreement/> accessed 9 June 2020
• ‘State of Hate 2020 - Far Right Terror Goes Global’ (HOPE not hate 2020) <https://www.hopenothate.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/state-of-hate-2020-final.pdf> accessed 9 April 2020
• Statista, ‘Social Media Usage Worldwide’ (2020)
• Statista, ‘Online Search Usage’ (2020)
• Statista, ‘Biggest Companies in the World by Market Cap 2020’ <http://www.statista.com/statistics/263264/top-companies-in-the-world-by-market-capitalization/> accessed 11 November 2020
• Statista, ‘Most Used Social Media 2021’ <http://www.statista.com/statistics/272014/global-social-networks-ranked-by-number-of-users/> accessed 1 April 2021
• Stroppa A and others, ‘Instagram and Counterfeiting in 2019: New Features, Old Problems’ (Ghost Data 2019) <https://ghostdata.io/report/Instagram_Counterfeiting_GD.pdf> accessed 20 October 2020
• Technical Committee : ISO/TC 290 Online reputation, ‘ISO 20488:2018 - Online Consumer Reviews — Principles and Requirements for Their Collection, Moderation and Publication’ <https://www.iso.org/standard/68193.html> accessed 21 July 2020
• Thomas Z, ‘Misinformation on Coronavirus Causing “Infodemic”’ BBC News (13 February 2020) <https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-51497800> accessed 20 August 2020
• ‘Together We’re Tackling Online Terrorism’ (Counter Terrorism Policing, 19 December 2018) <https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/together-were-tackling-online-terrorism/> accessed 23 September 2020
• ‘Total Number of Websites - Internet Live Stats’ <https://www.internetlivestats.com/total-number-of-websites/> accessed 19 June 2019
• ‘Twitter Rolls out New Reply Controls to Combat Trolls’ (VentureBeat, 11 August 2020) <https://venturebeat.com/2020/08/11/twitter-rolls-out-new-reply-controls-to-combat-trolls/> accessed 17 August 2020
• UK Intellectual Property Office, ‘Search Engines and Creative Industries Sign Anti-Piracy Agreement’ (GOV.UK, 20 February 2017)
• Urquizu L, ‘Counterfeiting Is a Billion-Dollar Problem. COVID-19 Has Made It Far Worse’ (Fast Company, 4 May 2020) <https://www.fastcompany.com/90500123/counterfeiting-is-a-billion-dollar-problem-covid-19-has-made-it-far-worse> accessed 20 August 2020
• von der Leyen U, ‘A Union That Strives for More - My Agenda for Europe. Political Guidelines for the next European Commission 2019 - 2024’
• Wakefield J, ‘Facebook Internet Cable “Circumference of Earth”’ BBC News (15 May 2020) <https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52676253> accessed 11 June 2020
• Washington State, Office of the Attorney General, ‘AG Ferguson: Amazon Must Remove Toxic School Supplies, Kid’s Jewelry from Marketplace Nationwide | Washington State’ (19 May 2019) <https://www.atg.wa.gov/news/news-releases/ag-ferguson-amazon-must-remove-toxic-school-supplies-kid-s-jewelry-marketplace> accessed 3 July 2020
• Waters R, ‘Facebook’s Attempt to Prove Impartiality Looks Doomed to Failure’ Financial Times (22 August 2019)
• Waters R, Murphy H and McGee P, ‘Big Tech Defies Global Economic Fallout with Blockbuster Earnings’ FT.com (31 July 2020)
• ‘Website Ranking: Top Websites Rank In The World - SimilarWeb’ <https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites> accessed 1 August 2019
• Welch C, ‘Facebook Now Has Music Licensing Deals with All Three Major Labels’ (The Verge, 9 March 2018) <https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/9/17100454/facebook-warner-music-deal-songs-user-videos-instagram> accessed 9 June 2020
• ‘What Is SECONDARY LIABILITY? Definition of SECONDARY LIABILITY (Black’s Law Dictionary)’ <https://thelawdictionary.org/secondary-liability/> accessed 13 August 2019
• ‘What Is UNLAWFUL? Definition of UNLAWFUL (Black’s Law Dictionary)’ (The Law Dictionary, 7 November 2011) <https://thelawdictionary.org/unlawful/> accessed 18 February 2019
• ‘White Paper Search Engines - Time to Step Up’ (Incopro 2019) <https://www.incoproip.com/reports/how-and-why-search-engines-must-take-responsibility-for-tackling-counterfeiters/>
• ‘Why Tech Giants Have Little to Lose (and Lots to Win) from New EU Copyright Law – Maurizio Borghi’ (Inforrm’s Blog, 19 September 2018) <https://inforrm.org/2018/09/20/why-tech-giants-have-little-to-lose-and-lots-to-win-from-new-eu-copyright-law-maurizio-borghi/> accessed 8 June 2020
• Woods L, ‘When Is Facebook Liable for Illegal Content under the E-Commerce Directive? CG v. Facebook in the Northern Ireland Courts’ (Inforrm’s Blog, 28 January 2017) <https://inforrm.org/2017/01/28/when-is-facebook-liable-for-illegal-content-under-the-e-commerce-directive-cg-v-facebook-in-the-northern-ireland-courts-lorna-woods/> accessed 23 January 2020
• C. Case law
• 1. National
• I. France
• APC et autres v Auchan Telecom, Google France et autres (2013) Unreported (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris)
• Carl L v Raphaël M, Thierry M et Réseau Voltaire (2000) Unreported (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris 17ème chambre, Chambre de la presse)
• Christian, C, Nord Ouest Production v Dailymotion, UGC Images (2007) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris)
• Concurrence v Amazon services Europe, Samsung Electronics France [2017] Cour de cassation - Chambre commerciale, financière et économique - 14-16.737, FR:CCASS:2017:CO01027
• Décision 2009-580 DC - 10 juin 2009 - Loi favorisant la diffusion et la protection de la création sur internet - Non conformité partielle [2009] Conseil Constitutionnel CSCX0913243S, FR:CC:2009:2009580DC
• Décision n° 2020-801 DC du 18 juin 2020, Loi visant à lutter contre les contenus haineux sur internet [2020] Conseil Constitutionnel 2020–801
• DWC v eBay France, eBay Europe [2009] Cour de cassation, Chambre commerciale, Paris 08-11.672
• eBay Inc, eBay International v LVMH et autres [2012] Cour de cassation (Surpeme Court) Chambre commerciale, financière et économique 11–10.508
• eBay International v Burberry Ltd et autres (2012) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 5, Chambre 12)
• Google France c/ Syndicat Français de la Literie (2010) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 5)
• Google France v Bac films [2012] Cour de cassation, Première chambre civile 11-13.669, FR : CCASS : 2012 : C100831
• Google Inc v Les Films de la Croisade, Goatworks Films (2010) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 5, chambre 2)
• Groupement des brocanteurs de Saleya, CBA / eBay France et Ing (2012) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 5, chambre 1)
• Hermès International v Feitz [2009] Tribunal de Grande Instance de Troyes RG 06/02604
• H&M Hennes & Mauritz Logistics GBC France et H&M Hennes & Mauritz AB v Google Inc, Youtube (2013) Unreported (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris)
• Jansport Apparel v Cdiscount (2019) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande instance, Paris, 3ème chambre - 2ème section)
• Jean Yves L dit Lafesse v Myspace (2007) (Unreported) (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris)
• Jean-Louis C v Ministère public, la Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l’antisémitisme (Licra), la Ligue française pour la défense des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, le Mouvement contre le racisme et pour l’amitié entre les peuples (Mrap) et l’Union des étudiants juifs de France (Uejf) (1999) Unreported (Cour d’appel de Paris 11ème chambre correctionnelle, section A)
• Jean-Yves Lafesse et autres v Google et autres (2009) (Unreported) (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris, 3ème chambre)
• Lafuma Mobilier v Alibaba et autres (2017) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande instance, Paris)
• Les Editions R v Google France, Google Inc (2013) Unreported (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris 17ème chambre civile)
• L’Oréal SA c eBay France SA [2009] Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris RG 07/11365
• L’Union des Etudiants Juifs de France (UEJF) v Twitter (2013) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 1, chambre 5)
• M X et Nouvelles de l’annuaire Français v Qwant (2020) Unreported (Cour d’appel de Paris, pôle 1, chambre 3)
• Maceo v eBay International AG, (2012) (Unreported) (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris, 3ème chambre, 1ère section)
• Madame L v les sociétés Multimania Production, France Cybermedia, SPPI, Esterel (1999) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre)
• Monsieur X et la société Z v Wikimedia France (2014) Unreported (Cour d’appel de Paris, Pôle 2 – Chambre 7)
• Olivier M c/ Prisma Presse, Google (2011) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande instance, Paris, 17eme chambre)
• Roland Magdane et autres v Daily Motion (2010) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 5, chambre 1)
• Rose B v JFG Networks (2013) (Unreported) (Cour d’appel de Paris Pôle 1, chambre 2)
• SA Louis Vuitton Malletier v eBay Inc and eBay International [2008] 2010 ETMR 10 (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris, France)
• SARL Zadig Productions, Jean-Robert Viallet et Mathieu Verboud v Sté Google Inc et AFA (2007) (Unreported) (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris)
• SNEP v Google France [2012] Cour de cassation, Première chambre civile N° 11-20358
• SNEP v Microsoft France et Microsoft Inc (2016) (Unreported) (Tribunal de grande instance de Paris)
• UEJF and Licra v Yahoo! Inc and Yahoo France (2000) (Unreported) (Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris)
• II. Germany
• Alone in the Dark [2012] BGH I ZR 18/11, GRUR 2013, 370
• Auskunftsanspruch über persönliche Daten von Nutzern einer Onlineplattform wegen des Verdachts der Zweckentfremdung von Wohnraum [2017] VG Berlin 6 Kammer 6 L 162.17, DE:VGBE:2017:07206L162170A
• Beeinträchtigung der Herkunftsfunktion einer Marke trotz Fälschungshinweises (Parfume Made in China) [2018] LG Stuttgart, 17 Zivilkammer 17 O 928/13, GRUR-RS 2018, 20582
• CDBench, 6 U 5475/99 [2000] MMR 2000 617 (OLG München)
• CompuServe [1998] AG München 8340 Ds 465 Js 173158/95, MMR 1998, 429
• Coty Germany GmbH v eBay International AG (No1), [2011] LG Stuttgart, 17 Zivilkammer 17 O 169/11, [2012] ETMR 19
• Davidoff Hot Water III, I ZR 20/17 - [2018] BGH DE:BGH:2018:260718BIZR20.17.0, BeckRS 2018, 19562
• Flach Film et autres v Google France, Google Inc (2008) (Unreported) (Tribunal de commerce de Paris 8ème chambre)
• FNDF et al vs Orange, Google et al) [2018] Tribunal de grande instance de Paris, 3ème chambre 2ème section N° RG 18/10652, (Unreported)
• GEMA v YouTube [2012] LG Hamburg 310 O 461/10, MMR 2012, 404
• Haftung der Internetvideoplattform Youtube für rechtswidrige Uploads, 310 O 461/10 [2012] LG Hamburg 310 O 461/10, OpenJur 2012 36010
• Haftung des Suchmaschinenbetreibers für geschlossene rechtswidrige Äußerungen [2014] LG Hamburg 324 O 660/12, openJur 2014, 26809
• Haftung eines Sharehosters als Störer [2013] BGH I ZR 79/12, ZUM-RD 2013, 565
• Haftung eines sozialen Netzwerkes für durch Dritte hochgeladene ehrverletzende Inhalte, 11 O 2338/16 UVR [2017] GRUR-RS 2017 103822 (LG Würzburg)
• Haftung für falsche UVP-Angabe bei Amazon [2015] OLG Köln 6 W 29/15, openJur 2016, 3226
• Haftung von YouTube für Urheberrechtsverletzungen [2018] BGH I ZR 140/15, GRUR 2018, 1132
• Internetversteigerung I (Rolex v Ricardo.de), Az I ZR 304/01 (2004) GRUR 2004, 860 (BGH)
• Internetversteigerung II (Rolex v Ricardo.de) [2007] BGH I ZR 35/04, JurPC-Web-Dok. 0108/2007
• Internetversteigerung III (Rolex v Ricardo.de), Az I ZR 73/05 [2008] MIR06/2008 (BGH)
• Kinderhochstühle im Internet, I ZR 139/08 [2010] MIR 122010 (BGH)
• Kinderhochstühle im Internet II, I ZR 216/11 [2013] MIR 2013 Dok 077 (BGH)
• Kinderhochstühle im Internet III [2015] BGH I ZR 240/12, 144/2015 JurPC WebDok
• Marion’s Kochbuch [2009] BGH I ZR 166/07, MIR 2010, Dok. 082
• Markenrechtsverletzung durch Onlineauktion [2002] LG Düsseldorf 4a O 464/01
• Paperboy [2003] BGH I ZR 259/00, MMR 2003, 719
• Rapidshare I [2008] OLG Hamburg 5 U 73/07, MMR 2008, 823
• RapidShare II [2012] OLG Hamburg 5 U 87/09, MMR 2012, 393
• Sharehoster II [2009] OLG Hamburg 5 U 111/08, openJur 2009, 1105
• shift.tv, Urteil v 22042009, Az I ZR 216/06 [2009] GRUR 2009 845 (BGH)
• Störerhaftung des Webhosters [2007] LG Köln 28 O 15/07, MMR 2007, 806
• uploaded [2018] BGH DE:BGH:2018:200918BIZR53.17.0, BeckRS 2018, 26223
• Verantwortlichkeit des Betreibers einer Suchmaschine mit Suchwortergänzungsfunktion [2013] BGH VI ZR 269/12, 108/2013 JurPC WebDok
• Verantwortlichkeit eines Hostproviders für einen das Persönlichkeitsrecht verletzenden Blog-Eintrag (Blogspot) [2011] BGH VI ZR 93/10, GRUR 2012, 311
• Verantwortlichkeit eines Sharehoster-Dienstes für die rechtswidrige Zugänglichmachung urheberrechtlich geschützter Filme [2010] OLG Düsseldorf I-20 U 166/09, ZUM 2010, 600
• Versand durch Amazon [2016] OLG München 29 U 745/16, GRUR-Prax 2017 380
• Vorschaubilder [2010] BGH I ZR 69/08, MMR 2010 475
• Vorschaubilder III [2017] BGH I ZR 11/16, GRUR 2018, 178
• Wiederholungsgefahr, 16 O 103/14 [2016] LG Berlin, 16 Zivilkammer DE:LGBE:2016:0126.16O103.14.0A, BeckRS 2016, 10918
• Zur Prüfungspflicht des Betreibers einer Internet-Suchmaschine bei Persönlichkeitsrechtsverletzungen [2018] BGH VI ZR 489/16, GRUR 2018, 642
• III. Italy
• Arnoldo Mondadori Editore SPA, v Fastweb SPA and others [2018] Tribunale di Milano 51624/2017
• Delta TV v Google and YouTube [2017] Turin Court of First Instance (Tribunale di Torino) No. 1928, RG 38113/2013
• Mediaset v Dailymotion [2019] Rome Court of First Instance 14757/2019
• Mediaset v Facebook [2019] Rome Court of First Instance 3512/2019
• Order of the Tribunal of Cuneo on 23 June 1997
• Order of the Tribunal of Napoli on 8 August 1997
• Order of the Tribunal of Roma on 4 July 1998
• Order of the Tribunal of Roma on 22 March1999
• Reti Televisive Italiane S.p.a (RTI) v Vimeo [2019] Tribunale di Roma 623
• Reti Televisive Italiane S.pA v Italia On Line S.r.l [2011] Court of Milan 3821/11
• Reti Televisive Italiane SpA v Yahoo! Inc and Reti Televisive Italiane SpA v Yahoo! Inc [2019] Court of Appeal of Milan 7708/19 and 7709/19
• Reti Televisive Italiane S.pA v Yahoo! Italia S.r.l and Yahoo! Inc, (2011) (Unreported) (Court of Milan)
• Télécom Italia (Tiscali) v Dargaud Lombard, Lucky Comics (2010) (Unreported) (Cour de cassation 1ère chambre civile)
• Yahoo! Italia S.r.l and Yahoo! Inc, v Reti Televisive Italiane S.pA (2015) (Unreported) (Court of Appeal of Milan)
• IV. UK
• Bunt v Tilley & Ors (2006) [2006] EWHC 407 (QB) (England and Wales High Court Queen’s Bench Division)
• Byrne v Deane [1937] 1 KB 818
• Cartier International AG & Ors v British Sky Broadcasting Ltd & Ors [2016] [2106] England and Wales Court of Appeal (Civil Division) A3/2014/3939 & A3/2014/4238, EWCA Civ 658
• CG v Facebook Ireland Ltd & Anor [2016] 2016 NICA 54 (Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland)
• Galloway v Frazer, Google Inc (YouTube) and Ors [2016] Northern Ireland Queen’s Bench Division HOR979, [2016] NIQB 7
• Godfrey v Demon Internet Limited [1999] High Court Of Justice Queen’s Bench Division 998-G-No 30, EWHC QB 244
• Godfrey v Demon Internet Limited [1999] High Court Of Justice Queen’s Bench Division 1998-G-No 30, EWHC QB 240
• J20 v Facebook Ireland Ltd [2012] High Court Of Justice In Northern Ireland Queen’s Bench Division COL10121
• L’Oreal SA v eBay International AG (2009) E.T.M.R. 53 (High Court of Justice (Chancery Division))
• R v Rock and Overton, [2010] Gloucester Crown Court T20097013,
• Sir Elton John and others v Countess Joulebine and others [2001] MCLR 91 (Unreported)
• Tamiz v Google Inc [2013] England and Wales Court of Appeal (Civil Division) A2/2012/0691, [2013] EWCA Civ 68
• Tamiz v Google Inc Google UK Ltd [2012] England and Wales High Court (Queen’s Bench Division) HQ11D03178, [2012] EWHC 449 (QB)
• The Football Association Premier League Ltd v British Telecommunications Plc & Ors [2017] 2017 EWHC 480 Ch (England and Wales High Court (Chancery Division))
• Totalise Plc v The Motley Fool Ltd & Anor [2001] EWHC 706 (QB) (19 February 2001) (Unreported)
• Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp & Ors v British Telecommunications Plc [2011] 2011 EWHC 1981 Ch (High Court of Justice Chancery Division)
• V. US
• A&M Records, Inc v Napster, Inc [2001] United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 00–16401, 00–16403, 239 F.3d 1004
• Corbis Corp v Amazon Inc [2004] US District Court, WD Washington (Seattle) No. CV03-1415L., 351 F.Supp.2d 1090
• Cosmetic Warriors Ltd & Anor v amazon.co.uk Ltd & Anor (2014) [2014] EWHC 181 (Ch)
• Cubby, Inc v CompuServe Inc, (1991) 776 F. Supp. 135 (SDNY)
• Hendrickson v eBay [2001] CD Cal CV 01-0495 RJK (RNBx) (C.D. Cal. 2001), 165 F. Supp. 2d 1082
• Inwood Laboratories Inc v Ives Laboratories, Inc, (1982) 456 U.S. 844 (United States Supreme Court)
• Milo & Gabby LLC v Amazon.com [2017] Fed Cir 2016–1290, 693 F. App’x 879
• Oberdorf v Amazon.com Inc [2019] Third Circuit Court of Appeals 18–1041
• Perfect 10, Inc v CCBill, LLC [2007] 9th Cir 04–57143, 04–57207, 488 F3d 1102
• Playboy Enterprises, Inc v Frena (1993) 839 F. Supp. 1552 (MD Fla)
• Randall Stoner v EBay Inc, et al [2000] Sup Ct Ca Civ. No. 305666, (Unreported)
• Religious Technology Center v Netcom On-Line Com (1995) 907 F. Supp. 1361 (Dist Court, ND Cal)
• Reno v American Civil Liberties Union [1997] US Supreme Court 96–511, 521 US 844
• Rosetta Stone Ltd v Google, Inc (2012) 676 F 3d 144 (4th Cir)
• Sega Enterprises Ltd v MAPHIA (1994) 857 F. Supp. 679 (Dist Court, ND Cal)
• Sega Enterprises Ltd v MAPHIA (1996) 948 F. Supp. 923 (Dist Court, ND Cal)
• Stratton Oakmont, Inc v Prodigy Services Co (1995) 1995 WL 323710 (NY Sup Ct)
• Tiffany (NJ) Inc v eBay Inc (2010) 600 F. 3d 93 (2nd Cir)
• Tiffany (NJ) Inc v eBay Inc (2010) 600 F. 3d 93 93 (2nd Cir)
• Viacom International v YouTube [2012] US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Manhattan) 10–03270
• Viacom International v YouTube [2013] US District Court for the Southern District of New York No. 07 Civ. 2103, 2013 WL 1689071
• Yahoo! Inc v La Ligue Contre Le Racisme Et L’Antisemitisme [2006] 9th Cir 2006 01–17424, 433 F.3d 1199
• VI. Other jurisdictions
• Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona [2007] Juriscom.net
• Christian Louboutin Sas vs Nakul Bajaj & Ors on 2 November, 2018 [2018] High Court of Delhi CS COMM-344/2018
• Christian Louboutin v Amazon Europe Core sarl [2019] Chambre des actions en cessation du tribunal de l’entreprise francophone de Bruxelles A/19/ 00918
• Copiepresse et al vs Google Inc [2007] Brussels Court of First Instance 7964
• Cour d’Appel d’Anvers, 28 février 2002 (2002) (Unreported)
• Cour d’Appel de Bruxelles, 13 février 2001 (2001) (Unreported)
• Crookes v Newton [2011] Supreme Court of Canada 33412, 3 SCR 269
• ‘CS COMM--344/2018. Case: CHRISTIAN LOUBOUTIN SAS Vs. NAKUL BAJAJ & ORS. Delhi High Court - Case Law - VLEX 744249193’ <https://vlex.in/vid/christian-louboutin-sas-vs-744249193> accessed 6 August 2019
• Glawischnig-Piesczek v Facebook, [2016] Handelsgericht Wien 11 CG 65/16 w-17
• Google Inc v Equustek Solutions Inc [2017] Supreme Court of Canada 36602, 1 SCR 824
• Lancôme v EBay, A/07/06032 (2008) (Unreported) (Tribunal de commerce de Bruxelles)
• Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesgerichtshof (Germany) lodged on 6 November 2018 — LF v Google LLC, YouTube Inc, YouTube LLC, Google Germany GmbH (Case C-682/18) (CJEU)
• Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof (Austria) lodged on 1 July 2019 — Puls 4 TV GmbH & Co KG v YouTube LLC and Google Austria GmbH (Case C-500/19) (CJEU)
• Stokke Nederland BV v Marktplaats BV [2012] Gerechtshof Leeuwarden 107.001.948/01, NL:RBZLY:2007:BA4950
• Technodesign v Stichting Brein [2004] Court of Haarlem 85489 HA ZA 02–992
• Vereniging Buma, Stichting Stemra v KaZaA BV (2003) [2004] E.C.D.R. 16 (Hoge Raad)
• 2. EU and ECtHR
• I. EU
• Action brought on 24 May 2019 — Republic of Poland v European Parliament and Council of the European Union, C-401/19 (CJEU)
• Arsenal Football Club plc v Matthew Reed, C-206/01 [2002] EU:C:2002:651 (CJEU)
• Asociación Profesional Élite Taxi v Uber Systems Spain SL, C-434/15 [2017] EU:C:2017:981 (CJEU)
• Belgische Vereniging van Auteurs, Componisten en Uitgevers CVBA (SABAM) v Netlog NV, C-360/10 [2012] EU:C:2012:85 (CJEU)
• Die BergSpechte Outdoor Reisen und Alpinschule Edi Koblmüller GmbH v Günter Guni, trekking.at Reisen GmbH, C‑278/08 [2010] CJEU EU:C:2010:163
• BestWater International GmbH v Michael Mebes and Stefan Potsch [2014] EU:C:2014:2315 (CJEU)
• Commission Decision relating to proceedings under Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and Article 54 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area (AT39740 - Google Search (Shopping)) [2017]
• Coöperatieve Vereniging SNB-REACT UA v Deepak Mehta - C-521/17 [2018] EU:C:2018:639 (CJEU)
• Coty Germany GmbH v Amazon Services Europe Sàrl and others, C‑567/18 [2020] EU:C:2020:267 (CJEU)
• Coty Germany GmbH v Parfümerie Akzente GmbH, C-230/16 [2017] CJEU EU:C:2017:941
• Daimler AG v Együd Garage Gépjárműjavító és Értékesítő Kft, C-179/15 [2016] CJEU EU:C:2016:134
• Elisabeth Schmitt v TÜV Rheinland LGA Products GmbH, C-219/15 [2017] EU:C:2017:128 (CJEU)
• Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek v Facebook Ireland Limited, C-18/18 [2019] CJEU EU:C:2019:821
• Fra.bo SpA v Deutsche Vereinigung des Gas‑ und Wasserfaches eV (DVGW) — Technisch‑Wissenschaftlicher Verein, C‑171/11 [2012] EU:C:2012:453 (CJEU)
• Google France, Google Inc v Louis Vuitton Malletier, C-236/08 [2010] EU:C:2010:159 (CJEU)
• Google LLC v Bundesrepublik Deutschland, C‑193/18 [2019] CJEU EU:C:2019:498
• Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González, C-131/12 [2014] EU:C:2014:317 (CJEU)
• GS Media BV v Sanoma Media Netherlands BV, Playboy Enterprises International Inc, Britt Geertruida Dekker, C‑160/15, [2016] EU:C:2016:644 (CJEU)
• Hoffmann-La Roche & Co AG v Centrafarm Vertriebsgesellschaft Pharmazeutischer Erzeugnisse mbH, C-102/77 [1978] EU:C:1978:108 (CJEU)
• Interflora Inc, Interflora British Unit v Marks & Spencer plc, Flowers Direct Online Ltd, C‑323/09 [2011] EU:C:2011:604 (CJEU)
• J Nold, Kohlen- und Baustoffgroßhandlung v Commission of the European Communities, C-4/73 [1974] EU:C:1974:51 (CJEU)
• James Elliott Construction Limited v Irish Asphalt Limited, C‑613/14 [2016] EU:C:2016:821 (CJEU)
• Johan Deckmyn and Vrijheidsfonds VZW v Helena Vandersteen and Others, C‑201/13 [2014] EU:C:2014:2132 (CJEU)
• Ker-Optika bt v ÀNTSZ Dél-dunántúli Regionális Intézete, C-108/09 [2010] EU:C:2010:725 (CJEU)
• L’Oréal SA, Lancôme parfums et beauté & Cie SNC, Laboratoire Garnier & Cie v Bellure NV, Malaika Investments Ltd, trading as ‘Honey pot cosmetic & Perfumery Sales’, Starion International Ltd, C‑487/07 [2009] EU:C:2009:378 (CJEU)
• L’Oréal (UK) Ltd v eBay International AG, eBay Europe SARL, eBay (UK) Ltd and others, C-324/09 [2011] EU:C:2011:474 (CJEU)
• Nils Svensson and others v Retriever Sverige AB, C‑466/12 [2014], EU:C:2014:76 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate General Cruz Villalón UPC Telekabel Wien GmbH v Constantin Film Verleih GmbH, Wega Filmproduktionsgesellschaft mbH, C‑314/12 [2011] EU:C:2013:781 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate General Jääskinen, L’Oréal (UK) Ltd v eBay International AG, eBay Europe SARL, eBay (UK) Ltd and others, C-324/09 [2010] EU:C:2010:757 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate General Szpunar on Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek v Facebook Ireland Limited, C-18/18 [2019] CJEU EU:C:2019:458
• Opinion of Advocate General Szpunar on YA, AIRBNB Ireland UC, Hotelière Turenne SAS, Association pour un hébergement et un tourisme professionnel (AHTOP), Valhotel, C-390/18 [2019] ECLI:EU:C:2019:336 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate General Szpunar, Stichting Brein v Ziggo BV, XS4ALL Internet BV, C‑610/15 [2017] EU:C:2017:99 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate-General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomier, Arsenal Football Club plc v Matthew Reed, C-206/01 [2002] EU:C:2002:373 (CJEU)
• Opinion of Advocate General Saugmandsgaard Øe, Frank Peterson v Google LLC, YouTube LLC, YouTube Inc, Google Germany GmbH and Elsevier Inc v Cyando AG, Joined Cases C‑682/18 and C‑683/18 [2020] EU:C:2020:586 (CJEU)
• Productores de Música de España (Promusicae) v Telefónica de España SAU, C‑275/06 [2008] EU:C:2008:54 (CJEU)
• Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein, C-120/78 [1979] EU:C:1979:42 (CJEU)
• Sabrina Wathelet v Garage Bietheres & Fils SPRL, C‑149/15 [2016] ECLI:EU:C:2016:840 (CJEU)
• Scarlet Extended SA v Société belge des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs SCRL (Scarlet Extended), C‑70/10 [2011] EU:C:2011:771 (CJEU)
• Schlussanträge des Generalanwalts Manuel Campos Sánchez-Bordona, Coty Germany GmbH gegen Amazon Services Europe Sàrl und andere, C‑567/18 [2019] EU:C:2019:1031 (CJEU)
• Skype Communications Sàrl v Institut belge des services postaux et des télécommunications (IBPT), C‑142/18 [2019] EU:C:2019:460 (CJEU)
• Stichting Brein v Jack Frederik Wullems, also trading under the name Filmspeler, C‑527/15 [2017] EU:C:2017:300 (CJEU)
• Stichting Brein v Ziggo BV, XS4ALL Internet BV, C‑610/15 [2017] EU:C:2017:456 (CJEU)
• Tobias Mc Fadden v Sony Music Entertainment Germany GmbH, C‑484/14 [2016] EU:C:2016:689 (CJEU)
• Tommy Hilfiger Licensing LLC, Urban Trends Trading BV, Rado Uhren AG, Facton Kft, Lacoste SA, Burberry Ltd v Delta Center a.s, C‑494/15 [2016] EU:C:2016:528 (CJEU)
• UPC Telekabel Wien GmbH v Constantin Film Verleih GmbH, Wega Filmproduktionsgesellschaft mbH, C‑314/12 [2014] EU:C:2014:192 (CJEU)
• VCAST Limited v RTI SpA, C‑265/16 [2017] EU:C:2017:913 (CJEU)
• YA, AIRBNB Ireland UC, Hotelière Turenne SAS, Association pour un hébergement et un tourisme professionnel (AHTOP), Valhotel, C-390/18 [2019] ECLI:EU:C:2019:1112 (CJEU)
• II. ECtHR
• Delfi AS v Estonia [2015] ECtHR (Grand Chamber) 64569/09
• Editorial Board of Pravoye Delo and Shtekel v Ukraine [2011] ECtHR (Fifth Section) 33014/05
• Handyside v The United Kingdom [1976] ECtHR (Plenary) 5493/72
• KU v Finland [2008] ECtHR (Fourth Section) 2872/02
• Magyar Tartalomszolgáltatók Egyesülete and Index.hu zrt v Hungary [2016] ECtHR (Fourth Section) 22947/13
• D. Statutes & Bills
• Avia L, Proposition de loi visant à lutter contre la haine sur internet
• Bundesministerium für Justiz und Verbraucherschutz, Entwurf für ein Gesetz zur Bekämpfung des Rechtsextremismus und der Hasskriminalität 2019
• Bundesministerium für Justiz und Verbraucherschutz, Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Änderung des Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetzes 2020
• Council of the EU, ‘Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Preventing the Dissemination of Terrorist Content Online - Analysis of the Final Compromise Text with a View to Agreement 2018/0331(COD) - 12906/20’ <https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-12906-2020-INIT/en/pdf> accessed 15 March 2021
• Counsel P, Malicious Communications (Social Media) Bill 2017 [HC Bill 44]
• European Commission, Proposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive on certain legal aspects of electronic commerce in the internal market 1999 [1999/C 30/04]
• European Commission, Proposal for a Regulation on consumer product safety and repealing Council Directive 87/357/EEC and Directive 2001/95/EC, COM(2013) 78 final 2013 [2013/0049/COD]
• European Commission, Proposal for a regulation on preventing terrorist content online, COM(2018) 640 final 2018 (TERREG)
• European Commission, European Parliament legislative resolution of 17 April 2019 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on preventing the dissemination of terrorist content online (COM(2018)0640 – C8-0405/2018 – 2018/0331(COD))
• European Commission, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Single Market For Digital Services (Digital Services Act) and amending Directive 2000/31/EC, COM(2020) 825 final 2020
• European Parliament, Council and the Commission, ‘Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making, OJ C 321/01’ (2003)
• Lord McNally, Online Harms Reduction Regulator (Report) Bill [HL] 2020 [HL Bill 22]
• Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime, concerning the criminalisation of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computer systems 2003 (European Treaty Series - No189)
• Agreement On Trade-Related Aspects Of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) 1994
• Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) (15 USC § 1125(d))
• Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 1886
• Broadcasting Services Act 1992
• Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (Germany)
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union 2009
• Code Civil (France)
• Code Penal (France)
• Codice Civile 1942 (Italy)
• Council Common Position of 27 December 2001 on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism 2001 (OJ L 344)
• Commission Implementing Decision on a standardisation request to the European standardisation organisations as regards European standards and European standardisation deliverables for privacy and personal data protection management - C(2015) 102 final 2015 (M/530)
• Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act 2000 http://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2004A00702> accessed 3 January 2020
• Communications Decency Act 1996 (47 USC § 230) (US)
• Copyright (Amendment) Act, 2012, s. 52 (India)
• Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 c.48 (UK)
• Copyright Modernization Act 2012 (SC 2012, c 20) (Canada)
• Copyright Rules 2013, GSR 172(E) (India)
• Council Decision (CFSP) 2020/1132 of 30 July 2020 updating the list of persons, groups and entities subject to Articles 2, 3 and 4 of Common Position 2001/931/CFSP on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism 2020 (OJ L 247)
• Council Directive 89/391/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work 1989 (OJ L 183)
• Council Framework Decision 2008/913/JHA of 28 November 2008 on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law 2008 (OJ L 328)
• Council of Europe - Convention on Cybercrime 2001
• Council of Europe - Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism 2005
• Council Resolution 85/C 136/01 of 7 May 1985 on a new approach to technical harmonization and standards 2010
• Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a new approach to technical harmonization and standards 1985 (OJ C 136)
• Crime and Disorder Act 1998 (UK)
• ‘Criminal Code Amendment (Sharing of Abhorrent Violent Material) Act 2019’ http://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019A00038> accessed 3 January 2020
• Decision No 768/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on a common framework for the marketing of products 2008 (OJ L 218)
• Decision No 1151/2003/EC adopting a multiannual Community action plan on promoting safer use of the Internet by combating illegal and harmful content on global networks (OJ L 162)
• Defamation Act 1996 c.31 1996 (UK)
• Defamation Act 2013 c. 26 (England and Wales)
• Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data 1995 (OJ L 281)
• Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations 1998 (OJ L 217)
• Directive 1999/44/EC of 25 May 1999 on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees 1999 (OJ L 171)
• Directive 2000/31/EC of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market 2000 (OJ L 178)
• Directive 2001/29/EC of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society 2001 (OJ L 167, 2262001)
• Directive 2001/95/EC of 3 December 2001 on general product safety (OJ L 11)
• Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) 2002 (OJ L 201)
• Directive 2004/48/EC of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights
• Directive 2005/29/EC of 11 May 2005 concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market 2005 (OJ L 149)
• Directive 2008/95/EC to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks 2008
• Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law 2008 (OJ L 328)
• Directive 2009/48/EC of 18 June 2009 on the safety of toys 2009 (OJ L 170)
• Directive 2011/62/EU of 8 June 2011 amending Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use, as regards the prevention of the entry into the legal supply chain of falsified medicinal products 2011 (OJ L 174, 172011)
• Directive 2014/30/EU of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility (recast) 2014 (OJ L 96)
• Directive 2014/35/EU of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits 2014 (OJ L 96)
• Directive 2014/53/EU of 16 April 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment 2014 (OJ L 153)
• Directive 2015/849/EU of 20 May 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing 2015 (OJ L 141, 562015)
• Directive 2015/1535/EU of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services 2015 (OJ L 241)
• Directive 2016/1148 concerning measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union 2016 (OJ L 194)
• Directive (EU) 2015/2436 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2015 to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks (Text with EEA relevance) 2015 (OJ L 336)
• Directive (EU) 2017/541 on combating terrorism 2017 (OJ L 88)
• Directive (EU) 2018/1808 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 November 2018 amending Directive 2010/13/EU on the coordination of certain provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action in Member States concerning the provision of audiovisual media services (Audiovisual Media Services Directive) in view of changing market realities 2018 (OJ L 303)
• Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC (Text with EEA relevance.) 2019 (OJ L 130)
• Directive (EU) 2019/2161 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 amending Council Directive 93/13/EEC and Directives 98/6/EC, 2005/29/EC and 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the better enforcement and modernisation of Union consumer protection rules (Text with EEA relevance) 2019 (OJ L 328)
• Electronic Communications Act (Estonia) (English Version) 2006
• Equality Act 2010 (England and Wales, Scotland)
• European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1950
• Gesetz über die Bereitstellung von Funkanlagen auf dem Markt (FuAG) 2017 (Germany)
• Gesetz über die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Betriebsmitteln (EMVG) 2016 (Germany)
• Gesetz über Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte (Germany)
• Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Rechtsdurchsetzung in sozialen Netzwerken 2017 (BGBl I S 3352 (Nr 61)) (Germany)
• Greek Constituion, (Official English language translation of the Greek Constitution, Hellenic Parliament) 2008
• Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 79 (India)
• Information Technology (Intermediaries Guidelines) Rules, 2011, GSR 314(E) (India)
• Joint Action 96/443/JHA to combat racism and xenophobia 1996 (OJ L185)
• Loi du 29 juillet 1881 sur la liberté de la presse (France)
• Loi n° 82-652 du 29 juillet 1982 sur la communication audiovisuelle 1982 (France)
• Loi n° 2004-575 du 21 juin 2004 pour la confiance dans l’économie numérique 2004 (2004-575) (France)
• LOI n° 2006-961 du 1er août 2006 relative au droit d’auteur et aux droits voisins dans la société de l’information (France)
• LOI n° 2009-1311 du 28 octobre 2009 relative à la protection pénale de la propriété littéraire et artistique sur internet 2009 (2009-1311) (France)
• LOI n° 2018-1202 du 22 décembre 2018 relative à la lutte contre la manipulation de l’information 2018 (2018-1202) (France)
• LOI n° 2020-766 du 24 juin 2020 visant à lutter contre les contenus haineux sur internet | Legifrance 2020 (2020-766) (France)
• Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property 1883
• Protection from Harassment Act 1997 (England and Wales, Scotland)
• Public Order Act 1986 (UK)
• Regulation 907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH 2006 (OJ L 396)
• Regulation (EC) 178/2002 of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety 2002 (OJ L 31)
• Regulation (EC) 765/2008 of 9 July 2008 setting out the requirements for accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products 2008 (OJ L 218)
• Regulation (EC) 852/2004 of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs 2004 (OJ L 139)
• Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations 2007 (OJ L 199)
• Regulation (EU) 1025/2012 of 25 October 2012 on European standardisation 2012 (OJ L 316, 14112012)
• Regulation (EU) 1169/2011 of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers 2011 (OJ L 304)
• Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on personal protective equipment and repealing Council Directive 89/686/EEC (Text with EEA relevance) 2016 (OJ L 081)
• Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data 2017 (OJ L 119, 452016)
• Regulation (EU) 2017/625 of 15 March 2017 on official controls and other official activities performed to ensure the application of food and feed law, rules on animal health and welfare, plant health and plant protection products (OJ L 95)
• Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of 5 April 2017 on medical devices 2017 (OJ L 117, 552017)
• Regulation (EU) 2017/1001 on the European Union trade mark 2017 (OJ L 154)
• Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of 4 July 2017 setting a framework for energy labelling and repealing Directive 2010/30/EU 2017 (OJ L 198)
• Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on market surveillance and compliance of products and amending Directive 2004/42/EC and Regulations (EC) No 765/2008 and (EU) No 305/2011 (Text with EEA relevance.) 2019 (OJ L 169)
• Regulation (EU) 2019/1148 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on the marketing and use of explosives precursors 2019 (OJ L 186)
• Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services (Text with EEA relevance) 2019 (OJ L)
• Regulation (EU) No 608/2013 concerning customs enforcement of intellectual property rights 2013 (OJ L 181)
• Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters 2012
• Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations 1961
• Strafgesetzbuch (Germany)
• Telemediengesetz (Germany)
• The Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 (17 USC § 512) (US)
• The Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations 2002 (UK)
• The Lanham (Trademark) Act 1946 (15 USC § 1051 et seq) (US)
• Treaty on European Union (2007)
• Treaty on European Union (Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 2016) 2016
• Treaty on the Functioning of the European (Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 2016)Union 2016 (OJ C 202)
• WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT) 1996
• WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) 1996