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Robert Zbíral (ed.)

The Cradle of Laws

Series: International Association of Legislation (IAL) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (DGG)

Volume 20 2020

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Ulrich Karpen Germany S. 75-84

„… the epicentre of Germany’s democracy. It has a breath-taking mandate both in scope and depth. It is …” „… Germany Ulrich Karpen Introduction The question seems to be simple: who is responsible for drafting …” „… Germany, as a Federation, next to the Fed‐ eral parliament 16 Länder parliaments are legislating in their …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… , Baden-Baden, Germany 2020. Printed and bound in Germany. This work is subject to copyright. All rights …” „… Germany 75 Ulrich Karpen Hungary 85 Zsolt Szabó Poland 107 Jacek Sokolowski The Slovak Republic 121 Milan …”

Robert Zbíral Epilogue: Steppingstones for further research S. 137-140

„… is at its height in federations (Germany, Austria). In case of the latter country the official …” „… department at the Ministry of Justice (Germany) or within the executive (Poland), the second option is …” „… democracies (Austria, Germany), there is an effort to closely cooperate in preparation of most bills and “keep …”

Robert Zbíral Introduction: The role of governments in drafting and negotiating bills S. 7-16

„… Process (Hart 2015) for the United Kingdom; for Germany see H Schneider, Gesetzgebung: ein Lehr- und …” „… Europe, namely Austria, the Czech Repub‐ lic, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Obviously the …”

Secondary sources cited in the book S. 141-150

„… Lehnert, ‘Between Consensus and Conflict: Law-Making Processes in Germany’ (2008) 17 German Politics 223 …” „… Comprehensive Guide for Scholars and Practitioners (Hart, 2017). Karpen U, ‘Civil Service in Germany’ (2019) 29 …”

Marian Kokeš The Czech Republic S. 57-74

„… , ‘Between Consensus and Conflict: Law-Making Processes in Germany’ (2008) 17 German Politics 223-231. The …”

Eric Miklin Austria S. 33-56

„… the plenary or parliamentary committees) is quite low compared to countries like, for example, Germany …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748905899

Maarit Felicitas Ströbele - What Does Suburbia Vote for?

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Maarit Felicitas Ströbele

What Does Suburbia Vote for?

Series: Politik und Demokratie in den kleineren Ländern Europas | Politics and Governance in the Smaller European Democracies

Volume 14 2017

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Germany S. 294-315

„… Appendix 294 Germany The long tables on the following pages present the same type of analyses …” „… west Germany, and show that there still are significant differences in political behaviour. The …” „… analyses are presented as follows: Models West Germany East Germany Table p. Table p. Left-right …”

Germany S. 103-162

„… 103 5 Germany 5.1 The history of German suburbanisation The historical account of …” „… suburbanisation in Germany is based on two groups of sources: first, the work of architectural historians and …” „… historians of urban planning on the history of urban planning and suburbanisation in Germany; and second …”

List of Tables S. 15-18

„… : Variables used in the analyses, Germany. 125 Table 6: Results of the 2009 German national elections …” „… : Germany (entire country) Left-right preference explained by residence and public services preference …” „… (SOEP 2007). 137 Table 8: Germany (entire country): Left-right preference explained by residence and …”

Comparison S. 259-272

„… . 319, and Table 46 on p. 322). Although suburbanisation advanced in similar stages in Germany, the …” „… implemented more quickly than in the other two countries. In (western) Germany, and to an even higher extent …” „… Protestant parts, such as Switzerland, Germany and the Netherlands), are positioned close to the rural part …”

Research design S. 87-102

„… selected are Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. These countries have been selected so as to fulfil …” „… regions in Switzerland, Germany and the Netherlands are part of the “central European city belt” from the …” „… descriptions in the chapters on each country). The first country chosen is Germany. It has several large …”

List of Abbreviations S. 13-14

„… for Research on Building, Urban Affairs, and Spatial Development, Germany) BDP …” „… Christian Democrats: Christlich-demokratische Union (Christian Democratic Union, Germany) and …” „… Christlich-Soziale Union (Christian Social Union, Bavaria, Germany) CU ChristenUnie (Dutch Christian Democratic …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… , Germany 2017. Printed and bound in Germany. This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved. No …” „… (Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland) combining historical overviews of the national histories of …” „… Variables 98 4.5.1 Dependent variables 98 4.5.2 Independent variables 99 5 Germany 103 5.1 The …”

List of Figures S. 19-20

„… : Population density in Germany, 2009 (www.wahlatlas.net, 2013). 122 Figure 6: Urban agglomerations in …” „… Germany. Darkest hues include core cities (black dots) and suburban zones. Middle hues: partly urbanised …” „… results in Germany, Social Democrats 2009, www.wahlatlas.net (2013). 130 Figure 8: Election results of …”

Conclusions S. 273-290

„… political sphere in three exemplary European countries: Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland. The study …” „… , the countries are different in their institutional structures: Switzerland and Germany have federal …” „… in Table 41 on p. 315 for Germany and Table 45 on p. 321 for Switzerland.174 Subjective perceptions …”

Party preference according to subjective residence S. 291-293

„… categorisation. The tables on p. 315 (Germany) and p. 321 (Switzerland) present a comparison between the …” „… subjective place of residence, Germany (ESS 3). Parties A big City Suburbs Small town Country village …”

Introduction S. 21-40

„… suburbs, core cities and the countryside in three European countries: the Netherlands, Germany, and …” „… , Switzerland and Germany. The study aims to demonstrate that the residential preferences related to a …” „… suburbanisation. 1 Introduction 29 Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland are structured similarly: first …”

Hypotheses S. 71-86

„… countries with high municipal autonomy (such as the USA, but also Switzerland and Germany). However, in the …” „… a suburban municipality is primarily important in Switzerland and Germany. Very likely, people …” „… autonomy on urban planning (such as Germany or, to an even larger extent, Switzerland), rural …”

Appendix S. 291

„… categorisation. The tables on p. 315 (Germany) and p. 321 (Switzerland) present a comparison between the …”

The Netherlands S. 163-206

„… concentration” (as in Germany and Switzerland), and included incentives for urban growth in the southern …” „… chapters on Switzerland (p. 183 ff.) and Germany (p. 91 ff.). 6 The Netherlands 171 towards a …” „… th century is also the history of national land use planning. In contrast to Germany and Switzerland …”

Switzerland S. 207-258

„… influenced by similar ideas in surrounding countries, especially Germany.126 By the beginning of the 1920s …” „… Zurich et de Genève.” (Rossi, 1983: 18) 126 Influenced by similar trends in Germany, the Swiss Heritage …” „… opposed to 70.8 % (Germany) and 75.4% (Netherlands). The most important explanation for lower turnout in …”

List of references S. 325-331

„… their coalitional and spatial implications: Germany after unification. Public Choice, 97, 229-255 …”

Theoretical framework S. 41-70

„… suburban and inner-city regions (Hermann & Leuthold, 2003). In the Netherlands and Germany, we can also …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845279602

Álvaro Morcillo Laiz - Contentious Regions in the European Union: Nationalist Parties and the Coordination of European Policies in Federal Member States

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Álvaro Morcillo Laiz

Contentious Regions in the European Union: Nationalist Parties and the Coordination of European Policies in Federal Member States

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Politik

Volume 170 2009

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Germany S. 117-122

„… : Federal chamber (Bundesrat). FG: Federal gov-ernment (Germany). BC: Basque Country. SP: Spanish central …” „… represented a compromised position betweenthe two options.Source: Author’s own elaboration.GermanyDuring the …” „… diversity of interests derived from the disparity of economic conditions in South and East Germany, the …”

Index S. 205-210

„… module 33– Germany 79, 91, 112, 117, 137, 161– Italy 123, 137– Spain 82, 91, 112, 130, 137, 161Community …” „… mechanisms– Germany 35, 79, 86, 119, 151– Germany and the Bundesrat in comparative perspective 177Council of …” „… Provisions on the StructuralFunds 114, 144–146, 150–152Germany– Bundesrat 35, 72, 86, 119, 151 …”

The Coordination of the Television Directive S. 78-84

„… the Länder, allowing the Länder to direct Germany’s involvement inthe negotiation.Not only were the …” „… Council, Länderrepresentatives defended Germany’s firm opposition to quotas, further restriction …” „… the Television DirectiveThe agendas of both the Länder in Germany and autonomous communities in …”

The 1999 Reform of Cohesion Policy S. 113-117

„… to budgetary restrictions resulting from the economic stagnation in Germany,the largest net payer, as …” „… funding, at 26.5 percent.Both Germany and Italy received approximately 14 percent. This breakdown …” „… indicatesthat Spain obtained approximately 56 billion Euros and Germany and Italy about 29billion Euros each …”

Coordination Mechanisms in Six Member States S. 29-43

„… + + + + - +Source: Own elaboration.1 A: Austria; B: Belgium; D: Germany; I: Italy; E: Spain; UK: United Kingdom …” „… 1994; Alen 1995; Hooghe 1995 a; Woyke 1999; Kerremans 2000;Parijs 2000; Sepos 2003); for Germany (Nass …” „… extremely relevant at the time of understanding differences in theregional modules in Germany, Spain, and …”

Public Broadcasting and Film Promotion S. 84-92

„… federal government to adopt this position. In the Council, Länderrepresentatives defended Germany’s firm …” „… s, private channels had denounced both regional and state-wide channels in Germany, Italy, Spain …” „… EUcountries and driven by the impulse of their regional tiers, Germany, Belgium and othermember states with …”

European Audiovisual Policy and Regional Concerns S. 65-71

„… Chapter 3:Coordinating European Audiovisual Policy in Germany and SpainSince the late 1980s, the …” „… reaction both from member states and fromregions. Countries like Germany, the UK or Sweden have …” „… Commission.In this chapter, I argue that the coordination mechanisms in Germany and in Spainrelated to …”

Regional Agendas S. 71-78

„… definiteposition.Source: Author’s own elaboration.Regional AgendasIn Germany and Spain, regions hold audiovisual policy …” „… : 81). Infact, the broadcasting powers assigned to the regional level in post-war Germany …” „… are also responsible for the legalcontrol of public and private television broadcasting in Germany …”

Nationalist Parties and the Impact of Integration S. 43-48

„… mechanismsof three federal member states. In these three countries, Germany, Spain, and Italy,coordination …” „… unanimityrule, which makes agreements among the regions during the first module easier inGermany, where …” „… . Such a difference strongly suggests that thesimilarities between the sectoral conferences in Germany …”

Acknowledgements S. 5-10

„… cohesion policy – as well as theregional cases from Germany, Italy, and Spain, stem from my PhD research …” „… Audiovisual Policy in Germany andSpainChapter 3:65European Audiovisual Policy and Regional Concerns 67Regional …” „… the 1999 Cohesion Policy ReformChapter 5: 113The 1999 Reform of Cohesion Policy 114Germany 117Italy …”

Federalism in EU Member States S. 15-25

„… refer to six member states: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain andthe United Kingdom.2 The term …” „… constitution, which in the United States is called a state constitution,in Germany Landesverfassung and in …” „… distinguished between federal systems such as Austria and Germany and political systemswith federal arrangements …”

References S. 181-204

„… . Pierson, eds. Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution: 123-158.Anderson, Jeffrey J. (1996). Germany and …” „… Multi-Level Governance: Intergovernmental Relations in Germany and EU Regional Policy." Regional and Federal …” „… Adaptation to Europeanization in Germany and Spain." Journal of Common Market Studies 37(4): 573-96.Börzel …”

Spain S. 129-138

„… , onlymodes of interaction recognizing the predominance of regions over the centre’s agenda– like in Germany’s …” „… objectivesalready suggests that collaboration was less significant than it was in Germany or inItaly.In principle …” „… , several net contributors like Germany, whose regions wereexperiencing less severe industrial decline …”

Conclusions S. 159-180

„… Germany, on the one hand, and in Italy and Spain, on theother, not only differ significantly, but also …” „… case selection scored in the late 1990s as follows, 20.3, 9.0,29.3, for Germany, 21.0, 1.7, 22.7, for …” „… agendas inGermany, Italy, and Spain, Germany was the only country to register positive results.This second …”

The Impact of the European Union on Regions S. 25-28

„… binding legislation, which inGermany the Länder had hitherto be able to influence through the federal …” „… hold finaldecision-making powers – Germany, Italy, Spain, Austria, Belgium, and the UK – I thenexamine …”

The European Parliament S. 150-158

„… 1998 a: 10), a claim reinforcing theposition of regions in Germany and Italy. This clearly went against …” „… process in Germany, as they had in the previous programming period(Benz 2000 b: 40; Bundesrat 1998 b …” „… topics discussed in the final chapter is whetherdomestic coordination mechanisms help regions in Germany …”

The Defence of Regional Minorities in the EP S. 103-112

„… interventionist measures (Krebber 2002: 152). Germany hasopposed any audiovisual policy decision vaguely …” „… other changes permittedsceptical member states like Germany and the UK to reluctantly accept …” „… study is that coordinationmechanisms in Germany have helped the Länder not only to advance their …”

Research Design S. 48-53

„… Germany, where the unanimity48rule has been replaced by consensual decision-making, and the remaining …” „… federalmember states. Thus, Germany turned out to be the only suitable case for exploringconsensual …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-4

„… . Auflage 2009© Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2009. Printed in Germany. Alle Rechte, auch die des …”

Regional Cases S. 53-64

„… % PSC 17.10%VLD 22.00% PRL-FDF 24.70%Agalev 11.60 % FN 4.00% Germany United KingdomBavaria (1998 …” „… , http://www.vub.ac.be/belgianelections/ and the web sites mentioned in http://www.politicalresources.net/belgium.htm. For Germany I …”

The Committee of the Regions S. 144-147

„… Germany and Italy to de-couple the maps of Ob.2 and 87.3.c assisted areas,thereby effectively undermining …”

Contact with the Commission S. 147-150

„… eligibility for the Ob.2 opposed Germany and most net payers, the equal intensityof support for the fisheries …”

Lobbying a Fragmented Commission S. 99-103

„… doing so for verydifferent reasons. The Länder have represented Germany in the MEDIA committeesince the …”

Italy S. 122-129

„… less intense than in Germany,however. For instance, Italian regions had no access to the Commission …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220932

Alberto De Franceschi, Reiner Schulze - Harmonizing Digital Contract Law

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Alberto De Franceschi (ed.), Reiner Schulze (ed.)

Harmonizing Digital Contract Law

2023

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Reiner Schulze Germany S. 273-300

„… GermanyA. Introduction. General Framework …” „… Civil CodeGermany has transposed the "twin directives" on Digital Content and Digital Services (DCD) and …” „… European Acquis – Communautaire on German Contract Law’ (2022) 17 NTBR, 132 (132).Germany274 Reiner Schulze …”

Alberto De Franceschi,, Reiner Schulze Harmonizing Digital Contract Law – an Introduction S. 1-30

„… Sale of goods (e.g. Denmark38) or into their Civil code (e.g. The Netherlands,39 Germany,40 and, to a …” „… own national concepts (e.g. Germany by combining the criteria of the SGD for conformity with the …” „… legislation (including France45 and Germany46).Against this background, a highly differentiated finding …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , Waldseestraße 3-5, 76530 Baden-Baden, Germany,email: vertrieb@nomos.deCo-published byVerlag C.H.Beck oHG …” „… , Wilhelmstraße 9, 80801 München, Germany,email: bestellung@beck.deandHart Publishing, Kemp House, Chawley Park …” „… , Germany.ISBN 978 3 7560 0605 2 (NOMOS Print)ISBN 978 3 7489 4141 5 (NOMOS ePDF)ISBN 978 3 406 81091 6 (C.H.BECK …”

Philipp Fabbio The Impact of the EU Digital Markets Act on Contract Law S. 715-726

„… the DMA. See, for instance, the position expressed by the Governments of France, Germany and the …” „… Netherlands: Wiggers and Struijlaart, ‘Germany, France and the Netherlands call for a tougher Digital Markets …” „… Wiggers and Robin Struijlaart, ‘Germany, France and the Netherlands call for a tougher Digital Markets Act …”

Karin Sein Estonia S. 211-228

„… ’ (2021) 12 JIPITEC, 250.9 As suggested eg by Axel Metzger for Germany. See Metzger, ‘Verträge über …”

Damjan Možina, Jernej Renko Slovenia S. 605-624

„… decision to follow the approach of Germany in regulating the consequences of the revocation of the consent …”

M.B.M. Loos The Netherlands S. 491-512

„… the notion of ‘consumer’ would be in line with the prevailing interpretation of that notion in Germany …”

Rita Simon, Jiří Hrádek Czech Republic S. 167-190

„… countries (e.g. Germany and The Netherlands), which included their substantive consumer legislation in …”

Laura Aade, Elise Poillot Luxembourg S. 449-470

„… States such as Belgium, Germany, and Spain chose to apply a unique regime.31 The argument, developed on …”

Jean-Sébastien Borghetti France S. 249-272

„… less what happened in Germany through the Schuldrechtsreform of 2001. However, the proposals made by …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748941415

Guido Holzhauser, Carolin Sutter - Debt Recovery in Europe

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Guido Holzhauser (ed.), Carolin Sutter (ed.)

Debt Recovery in Europe

Series: Schriftenreihe des Heidelberg Institute for European Business Law e.V.

Volume 1 2007

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Joachim Weber GERMANY S. 203-230

„… 203 GERMANY By Prof. Dr. Joachim Weber 320 1 Civil justice 1.1 Judicial system There are two …” „… different jurisdictions for civil disputes in Germany, the civil courts and the employment courts. The …” „… Applied Sciences, Heidelberg, Germany. 321 Section 23 (1) of the German Judicature Act …”

Guido Holzhauser, Aila Anderson – Statistical Data S. 18-24

„… Latvia Sweden Iceland Netherlands Lithuania Poland Switzerland Hungary Germany Slovakia Czech …” „… Switzerland France England-Wales Germany Cyprus Greece Hungary Spain Netherlands Belgium Portugal Latvia …” „… Germany United Kingdom Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norway …”

Guido Holzhauser, Aila Anderson – European Legal Framework S. 25-43

„… procedure takes place in Germany, the EGBGB is relevant. According to the EGBGB the substantial law of the …” „… international conventions and these conventions have not been adopted by all the states, e.g. neither Germany …” „… . 4 Obtaining a title by way of action in Germany 4.1 Competence of the German courts 4.1.1 Brussels …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-17

„… Nomos 1. Auflage 2007 © Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2007. Printed in Germany. Alle Rechte …” „… CZECH REPUBLIC 128 ENGLAND & WALES 142 ESTONIA 158 FINLAND 171 FRANCE 187 GERMANY 203 HUNGARY 231 …” „… Contracts 28 4 Obtaining a title by way of action in Germany 29 5 Obtaining a title by way of action in …”

Guido Holzhauser, Aila Anderson – Synopsis S. 444-455

„… introducing lawsuits, e.g. by way of writ of summons. Representation principally mandatory. Germany (DE …”

Ute R. Gotha ROMANIA S. 334-345

„… Rechtsanwälte, Mannheim, Germany. 585 Arts. 148 and 149 of the Romanian Act on Private International Law …”

Maarja Torga ESTONIA S. 158-170

„… ). Estonia has no separate court system for different civil matters e.g. Labour Courts in Germany. 1.2 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845205458

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