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Markus Vogt, Arnd Küppers - Proactive Tolerance

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Markus Vogt (ed.), Arnd Küppers (ed.)

Proactive Tolerance

Series: Studien zur Friedensethik

Volume 69 2021

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Arnd Küppers Tolerance and (Social) Market Economy S. 177-194

„… Tolerance and (Social) Market Economy Arnd Küppers At first glance, it seems downright absurd to …” „… . This insight is 3. a) 12 Böhm 1982: 107. 13 Böhm 1961: 22. Tolerance and (Social) Market Economy 181 …” „… against 15 Krugman 2014. 16 Moore 2011. 17 Piketty 2014: 1. Tolerance and (Social) Market Economy 183 this …”

The threat to freedom S. 11

„… liberalism. These ideas are closely linked to the idea of economic freedom in a social market economy, as …” „… regimes. Their concept of internal unity and social identity as a homogeneous space is the opposite of …” „… social cohesion through open communication. 1 Cf. Fukuyama 2019. 2 Applebaum 2020. Introduction 11 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… ) Market Economy 177 Arnd Küppers Religious Tolerance in Eastern Europe Religious Plurality as a …” „… Christian Social Thought 37 Alois Joh. Buch Proactive Tolerance 63 Rolf Husmann The Duty of Tolerance as …” „… and Democracy: Social Recognition and Belonging 139 Arnd Küppers Proactive Tolerance as a Social …”

Alois Joh. Buch Tolerance – An Issue of Christian Social Thought S. 37-62

„… to ‘free market economy’). However, in the context of this essay ‘transition’ is meant in a broader …” „… in almost all socially relevant areas like politics, legal system, social services, economy, media …” „… , but so too does the economy, through the progressive erosion of ‘social capital’: the network of …”

Ihor Vehesh The Concept of Tolerance and its Relevance in Ukraine S. 215-226

„… mechanism of understanding between different social communities, and on the other hand, it is one of the …” „… space shaped by democracy and a free market, while the older generation remains in the position of …” „… diminished, and the role of the state machine embodies a paternalistic model of social interaction. Compared …”

Arnd Küppers Tolerance, Political Liberty and Democracy: Social Recognition and Belonging S. 139-154

„… Tolerance, Political Liberty and Democracy: Social Recognition and Belonging Arnd Küppers In 2019 …” „… social contract and to pursue dominance over the others. For this reason, the coexistence conception of …” „… Vogt/Husmann 2019. 9 Taylor 1994: 60. 10 Ibid. Tolerance, Political Liberty and Democracy: Social Recognition …”

Michael Fetko Interreligious Dialogue as a Power of Ukrainian Civil Society S. 227-248

„… contribution to social cohesion. Yet there is no real religion which has control over the truth, and every …” „… the face of social disintegration, moral deficit and crisis of democracy in the political community …” „… and faith. After all, religion as a social institution can both play a destructive (disintegrative …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748905431

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Reimund Seidelmann (ed.)

The New Germany

2011

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Dieter Eissel The German Social Market Economy S. 103-111

„… 103 The German Social Market Economy Dieter Eissel Nearly all Germany politicians and citizens …” „… understand their economic system as social market economy, indicating that the economy as it has developed …” „… “social market economy” decisively, designed his concept as an equilibrant system of social justice and …”

Markus Paesler Theory and Historical Development of the Social Market Economy in Germany S. 111-121

„… 111 Theory and Historical Development of the Social Market Economy in Germany Markus Paesler 1 …” „… . Introduction The political and economic concept of Alfred Mueller-Armack of the social market economy was …” „… social market economy and obtained acceptance for decades in the Federal Republic of Germany?” 2 …”

Dieter Eissel The German Economy S. 75-103

„… market through “social market economy”. This concept includes a safety net of broad social benefi ts …” „… even at the transnational level of the EU. The social market economy is regulated not exclusively by …” „… ce. Statistical Yearbook 2009. 85 The main focus in the concept of social market economy as it was …”

Thomas Meyer Social Democracy: The Underlying Political Philosophy of the German Constitution S. 168-177

„… growth prospects. The coordinated market economy is therefore a more appropriate arrangement for social …” „… activities they engage in. Though level and type of welfare state and social market economy depend on the …” „… social expenditure, degree of coordinated market economy, workers co-determination, social stratifi …”

Dieter Eissel The German Social Security System and its Reforms S. 121-137

„… reforms can be described as a shift from social market to liberal market economy. The relatively new …” „… employment and labour market situation is causing a substantial loss in contribution revenue for the social …” „… wave of reforms concerning the social security system as well as given labour market regulations. The …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Dieter Eissel The German Social Market Economy …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Dieter Eissel Theory and Historical Development of the Social Market Economy in Germany …” „… Prof. Dr. Reimund Seidelmann (ed.) The New Germany History, Economy, Policies Nomos 1. Auflage 2011 …”

Dieter Eissel Elections to the German Bundestag S. 208-225

„… concept of the so-called social market economy as third way between an unfettered capitalism and a …” „… the German social welfare system and labour market continuing the political lines of the Kohl era but …” „… one side and towards market orientation on the other (table 7). Table 7: Votes Related to Social …”

Hans-Juergen Schroeder From Division to Unity: The History of the Federal Republic of Germany S. 11-65

„… stabilization of the social market economy. In addition, the mechanism of the Marshall Plan gave Washington the …” „… 1949) economic policy on the base of the social market economy model. This was Courtesy of IEG-Maps …” „… 1950’s was the result of Erhard’s social market economy or rather the result of external support …”

Iwona A. Hanska Germany and Poland S. 360-373

„… democracy and a strong market economy open for Polish imports and labour, and constituting the most …” „… important trading and investment partner for the new Polish market economy. On the other side Germany …” „… breakthrough of 1989, i.e. the introduction of a market economy in Poland, the mutual economic contacts have …”

Christoph Schuck Germany’s Development Policy S. 382-392

„… structure”); economic dependence on a few local raw materials which are exported to the markets of the …” „… themselves, they constitute an important market for the highly developed countries. On the other hand …” „… ) Traditional structures Individual deprivations Unjust global markets Bad (Multilevel) Governance Structural …”

Peter Walter The German Chancellors since 1949 S. 65-74

„… the new concept of a social market economy resulted in a quick recovery of Germany’s economic power …” „… of economics Ludwig Erhard (CDU), who was identifi ed with the new social market economy, the stable …” „… personally did not trust the Soviet Union, supported not only the restauration of a market economy but a …”

Christoph Schuck The Concept of Good Governance S. 177-188

„… equated with democracy or with market-economy-models, good governance concepts are fi rmly rooted in both …” „… privatized and competitive economy, the advocacy of good governance – a major political concept in both …” „… favor of separating developing countries from the world market in order to protect them from economic …”

Andreas Vasilache The Idea of Democracy in the West S. 147-168

„… political institutions of liberal democracy fi nd their societal equivalents only in a free market economy …” „… social structures, regulate the economy and conduct re-distributive policies in order to implement the …” „… characterized by different important economic, social, and technological changes. The most signifi cant changes …”

Hanne-Margret Birckenbach Germany and European Integration S. 316-335

„… system and the economy of the newly established FRG have been salient and have been providing an utmost …” „… the European level to its idea of multi-level governance. On part of the economy interdependence and …” „… peacefully overcoming political, legal, economic, social, and cultural barriers among European states and …”

Reimund Seidelmann Germany’s Foreign Policy S. 275-301

„… central power in Europe based on a suffi cient military capacity and a growing economy and on giving …” „… constituted in economic and political terms more a relief than a burden. 2 Such as concerning social security …” „… political risks for the government are limited by its generally accepted reference to the free market and …”

Mathias Fich The German Party System S. 225-239

„… early 1960’s dropped traditional calls for nationalisation etc. and turned to the Social Market Economy …” „… political and social functions. Winfried Steffani identifi ed four functions of political parties: First …” „… signifi cantly torn between traditional Socialdemocratic positions as defending social rights, workers’s …”

Michael Dreyer Germany and the United States S. 349-360

„… way for economic recovery, social stability, and rebuilding democracy. The immediate consequence of …” „… overarching importance of the European Union for the German economy. Besides, there is no German trade policy …” „… ) its fi ght to open European markets for genetically modifi ed food, dismissed as “Frankenfood” by …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845227115

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Udo Reifner

Using Money

Series: Schriften des Instituts für Finanzdienstleistungen e.V.

Volume 13 2007

Results in this title

Social Audit of the Market Economy S. 80

„… minute. For day-traders the next day might as well be next year. Social Audit of the Market Economy In …” „… ordinary customers get access to speculative information on differences between capital market rates by the …” „… to share power. We need a thorough and objective investigation into the social effects of banking …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… – Banks and Social Responsibility - Regulation and Market Economy in the European Union 98 A unified …” „… the Economy 33 “Creditworthy Lenders” 35 2005 – Social Justice in a Money Society 38 Charity – “Love …” „… The Market as Focus 71 2001 – "Work Harder" 72 No Capital – no Demand 73 Ghetto Economy in the US 75 …”

Ghetto Economy in the US S. 75-78

„… Poverty Economy - are being developed without sufficient social minimum standards imposed by the state …” „… economy based on solidarity can be best dreamed in the most developed market economy of the world, (even …” „… identify models which broaden the horizons of our market economy in such a way as to promote collective …”

The Market as Focus S. 71-72

„… develop a ghetto economy. In this context, consumer protection and sanctions against unacceptable market …” „… " serves fair competition and not an economy in which cut-throat competition is king. Social provision and …” „… as Focus The trend in the social economy towards an economy based on fair competition, from the …”

Charity – “Love Thy Neighbour” S. 38-39

„… not just. Only a “social market economy”, which imposes limits on itself in the form of the law, is …” „… market economy. The better-off in our society are being offered market conditions which help them to …” „… cannot work.. That is why justice is also an issue for the well-off. The market economy is useful, but …”

Confronting Fatalism S. 95-98

„… and confidence. 1996 – Banks and Social Responsibility - Regulation and Market Economy in the …” „… public spending as a market instrument and the supporting of demand through higher wages and social …” „… political pressure have all been addressed in our above mentioned study for the Social Economy Unit of the …”

No Capital – no Demand S. 72-75

„… 72 which are external to the market. They are only relevant to the extent that they still affect or …” „… rather "influence" the market. Processes in which the family, nation and culture currently remain …” „… the fact that the Doctrine of the National Economy has contributed very little to the new …”

Competition and Responsibility S. 39-40

„… justice is also an issue for the well-off. The market economy is useful, but not just. Only a “social …” „… market economy”, which imposes limits on itself in the form of the law, is compatible with most …” „… logic of the market undermines social cohesion in order to increase the efficiency of the resources it …”

Financial exclusion in Modern Societies S. 82-90

„… containing at least a grain of solidarity. 1999 – The Social Question of the Private Economy As a non profit …” „… economy with a steady dematerialization of goods, the declining relevance of physical capital, the …” „… ”? Especially the advanced industrialised societies are reproached of systematic discrimination and social …”

Discrimination of Asocial Conduct creates Social Behaviour S. 70-71

„… creates Social Behaviour However, products like this also have to be provided through the market, and …” „… economy in which cut-throat competition is king. Social provision and ethical investment are defined as …” „… correspond to the German word "Nächsten“ ("Nächstenliebe"). The Market as Focus The trend in the social …”

Money as a Security S. 49-59

„… difficult for this type of social destruction to invoke the market economy both internally and externally …” „… organisation functions, just like Microsoft, as a form of feudalism existing in the market economy - the …” „… social security through usury and discrimination and elevating the short-term to a general principle. a …”

The Political Agenda S. 106-107

„… of the economy. When the thread between the local economy and the general market forces is torn the …” „… lost. A social image and the visible responsibility may be used as a market value in advertising …” „… of state action and private economy is necessary, logical and consequent or dangerous and …”

How far can the State correct Deficiencies of the Market? S. 105-106

„… local economy and the general market forces is torn the conservative Bismark government created the …” „… 105 How far can the State correct Deficiencies of the Market? Unlike the US the tradition of …” „… Europe. In addition social housing programs, tax subsidies, the multitude of small business support …”

European Cooperation S. 71

„… develop a ghetto economy. In this context, consumer protection and sanctions against unacceptable market …” „… " serves fair competition and not an economy in which cut-throat competition is king. Social provision and …” „… as Focus The trend in the social economy towards an economy based on fair competition, from the …”

More Power to the Banks S. 93-95

„… also essential as an instrument of control in the market economy. It follows that it is not the power …” „… transaction costs linked to increasing mistrust in bigger and more anonymous markets and creditor-borrower …” „… efficient devices the European market in financial services could develop a unique and own element for the …”

Market and Justice S. 40-41

„… for bringing up children and education and our social cohesion. This is apparent from the most recent …” „… contribution. Market and Justice It is not the market which achieves justice, but the law: fiat iustitia et …” „… pereat mundus. The capitalist economy has always needed a corrective mechanism, however efficient its …”

Trust is Good for the Economy S. 33-35

„… indemnities. If consumer autonomy becomes a security risk, the market economy can no longer function. A …” „… prerequisite of the market economy is contracts based on trust, to which both parties will adhere despite …” „… 33 who want money to be washed clean, disrupt the economy. But does that mean that they are wrong …”

Securing the Fruits of Sustainable Banking S. 80-82

„… minute. For day-traders the next day might as well be next year. Social Audit of the Market Economy In …” „… ordinary customers get access to speculative information on differences between capital market rates by the …” „… to share power. We need a thorough and objective investigation into the social effects of banking …”

“Perfection of Life or of Work?” S. 90-91

„… a grain of solidarity. 1999 – The Social Question of the Private Economy As a non profit association …” „… understand as consumer protection and the social responsibility of banks. The Commission’s new programme for …” „… undertake more responsibility in the market place and their activity in transborder and electronic business …”

Berlemont: The 26<sup>th</sup> state of the EU? S. 46-47

„… ”), its own language (“Banking English”, into which concepts like “solidarity”, “social market economy …” „… alternative micro-credit providers in its Social Inclusion programme. Markets and social policy have moved …” „… dominate the Brussels stage. Lawyers have been replaced by economists, GD Consumer Protection and Social …”

Facilitating Self-determined and Effective Consumption S. 59-61

„… reinvigorate the social market economy. The Different Facets of the Truth Love of truth in terms of the …” „… destruction to invoke the market economy both internally and externally. Facilitating Self-determined and …” „… short-term nature of the market economy using the example of the displacement of linen by cotton in the …”

Armatya Sen and the American Economy S. 91-92

„… forget about past projects to increase preventive social consumer protection for example, with minimum …” „… social consumer protection has been described at our Strasbourg conference promise only advantages or …” „… principles of the Chicago School of Economics alone. We must defend a European culture in which social …”

The Different Facets of the Truth S. 61-63

„… social market economy. The Different Facets of the Truth Love of truth in terms of the history of the …” „… answer of out-sourcing social problems into high interest markets. The customer is lazy if she wants a …” „… sad years of the New Economy. When we rebuild our sense of optimism, it needs to be more sustainable …”

Reconcilng Egoism wth Solidarity S. 78-80

„… year. Social Audit of the Market Economy In this context long term perspectives seem to be a luxury …” „… by over 300 representatives from financial service providers, the social sector, science and politics …” „… part through social benefits in terms of maternity costs should be available also to some extent …”

Usury and Bribery S. 15-18

„… , which is seen as exceptional. Social weakness on the one hand, power on the other. Weakness is …” „… . The courts have embarked on this process and added a more social prohibition against the exploitation …” „… of disadvantage in the form of “social usury” under the principle of good morals to the older concept …”

A unified Market S. 98-99

„… partnership and measured trust and confidence. 1996 – Banks and Social Responsibility - Regulation and Market …” „… Economy in the European Union A unified Market 1999 will be the year when in all memberstates of the …” „… dominate the world financial markets whose centeres in New York and London attract the business of national …”

Final Quality Testing for the Economy S. 125-127

„… governed by such ambitions as a private non-for-profit without state subsidies on the market? Is the …” „… the private financial sector a necessary rejection of the unproductive sector of the economy of the …” „… overindebted, the unemployed, lone parents and social aid? I do not believe so. Final Quality Testing for the …”

Encapsulated Bank Business S. 109-111

„… , social and ecological functions into profit driven market mechanisms. We believe that markets are made to …” „… economy fulfil public functions. It therefore cannot be left totally to the banks themselves whether they …” „… the role of the state to induce the banking financial services industry to take care of social goals …”

Second Best S. 107-108

„… hirarchy between investment goals like Security, Access, Liquidity, Interest and social responsibility. Of …” „… logics of discrimination because they try to compensate. Only if we manage to integrate social values …” „… is certainly more effective to help prevent social losses of billions than to compensate for it …”

“Creditworthy Lenders” S. 35-38

„… market economy. The better-off in our society are being offered market conditions which help them to …” „… ”. Withdrawal of basic trust from partners in the market and the state, as one of all the necessary checks und …” „… balances, means joining ranks with those who see parliamentarianism and the market as a dangerous …”

Public Interest Organisations S. 122-124

„… 122 Association not to mention all those consumer and other social organisations that have already …” „… preparation will not be available in time. All support is welcome. 2000 – The Four Pillars of a Social Money …” „… Economy We have tried to define our work at IFF in 1999 in identifying four areas of action in which …”

Against Social Discrimination S. 45-46

„… (“Banking English”, into which concepts like “solidarity”, “social market economy” and “public responsbility …” „… providers in its Social Inclusion programme. Markets and social policy have moved over to the credit …” „… Countries, iff compiled a picture of the continental European heritage of social consumer protection for the …”

Money as Virtual Information S. 65-66

„… commentaries on what is necessary for the economy and society, the assets side of the balance sheet as assets …” „… of work, education, age, reputation and poverty remain outside the doors of the financial markets …” „… pure money economy. But we can draw some comfort from the fact that this form of money economy has been …”

Expertises and Projects S. 144-146

„… and Responsibility in Europe 1993 The Vikings and the Romans : contract law and social economy 1994 …” „… Market - The Challenge of a Uniform European Money Marke Social Banking and Affordable Housing in Germany …” „… and Financial Institutions in a Deregulated Market - The Case of Community Investment Effects and …”

Re-feudalisation of the Economy S. 41-42

„… 41 Re-feudalisation of the Economy Attacks on the law have many forms. All attacks are made in the …” „… name of efficiency and international competitiveness. Because the economy has already been globalised …” „… , while the law has only national democratic legitimacy, the law has become an impediment to the economy …”

The public aspect in private economy S. 108-109

„… 108 tional transactional costs due to the difficult social situation of a city quarter. For example …” „… number of social welfare recepiants into work. If the governments would develop their own controlling …” „… transparency in investment, especially as far as the social consequences of certain projects are concerned …”

Profit is the Power Engine of the Economy S. 102-104

„… of the Economy The pumps of the capital markets are the profit. Those who can offer their highest …” „… return will get most of the capital. Look at the stock market. Those enterprises like the European …” „… telecoms which presently flood th estock markets or insurance companies and bigger banks attract money …”

The Customer’s faith S. 92-93

„… . But if the market and money is the only way of guaranteeing the Pareto optimum, how can social justice …” „… economic theories during the last 20 years gives us two alternatives in achieving for social justice: we …” „… incentives. Only if your efforts are honoured by the market mechanism you should gain a just part of the …”

The Euro will Catalyse S. 104-105

„… 104 The Euro will Catalyse We can only speculate about the effects of bigger markets because unlike …” „… strategies of global players to be present where they can best optimize their profit. The bigger markets will …” „… competition in a bigger market will concentrate bank marketing on the most profitable clients. A Hamburg bank …”

“Internal Ethics” – “External Ethics” S. 23-27

„… expenditure and is full of unforeseen risk, but the market economy provides only an …” „… less than 1% of their funds available for research in its FP7 Programme for the social and cultural …” „… was awarded, and which both the EU Commission (DG Social Policy) and the World Bank elevated to a …”

Introduction S. 11-15

„… private economy is never able to be social would have been counterproductive. This is why iff tries to …” „… show the potential (but also the limits) of the private economy in achieving social responsibility in …” „… 11 Part I: Social responsibility in monetary economics – themes from New Year`s letters 2007 …”

Money is a Scarce Good. S. 99-100

„… currencies that are already tied together. Money will flow to different corners of the European market and …” „… needed. Are we concerned or is this only a technique which is indifferent for social, environmental and …” „… is a scarce good. It is the engine driving the local, the regional as well as the national economy …”

The “Charity” S. 19-20

„… Weber, produced versions adapted to the form of the economy: in the East, Confucianism and, in the West …” „… , Protestantism. The power of the American economy and that of ascendant China bear testimony to this proposition …” „… and neo-Liberals the market. According to Max Weber, charity and its professionalisation in care for …”

Differentiation and Exclusion S. 27-28

„… constant expenditure and is full of unforeseen risk, but the market economy provides only an 28 …” „… 27 and Belgium, working on social finance models which, as documented in the pages setting out our …” „… for some with the advent of the market society, but for the outsiders it presented an opportunity for …”

Truth as a Source of Legitimacy S. 63-65

„… provision, we can talk down social security and damage its historical image of trust and reliability. We …” „… commentaries on what is necessary for the economy and society, the assets side of the balance sheet as assets …” „… of work, education, age, reputation and poverty remain outside the doors of the financial markets …”

Money as a Means for Communications S. 42-43

„… , that social finance could become established as a market strategy, was too good to be true. Banker’s …” „… power, a new, international culture of the pure money economy is disseminated with all its advantages …” „… capital cover for retirement provision and by expanding the market. The latter cling to the historical …”

Social Investment and Small Business Financing S. 120-121

„… financial situation in rural areas or the social economy. The office of Mrs. Bonino, a representative of the …” „… projects on micro-lending, on the use of Community Reinvestment ideas in the European banking market and on …” „… will use this opportunity have been signed. Social Investment and Small Business Financing The research …”

Banks only manage the Money for Others S. 32-33

„… , disrupt the economy. But does that mean that they are wrong? Banks now reflect upon what Corporate Social …” „… , the capital markets neither lose nor gain anything, they merely move it around. It is the same for …” „… Good for the Economy Trust means allowing partners to choose their own means and methods. Business …”

Inappropriate Products asits Advantages for it Suppliers S. 66-67

„… the social groups it caters for in its architecture, furnishings, position and equipment. They are the …” „… financial services market? Experts in people’s problems or experts in money? In our recent book on …” „… outweighs the advantage they bring to the economy. It is as if those in need, having been turned away by car …”

Usury: Thresholds and Prohibition S. 47-49

„… European level over the economy. A broad coalition of all organisations representing human interests is …” „… it, who are committed to reining in the market and the striving for profit. We should meet in 2005 …” „… minimum standards under national law and fails to take social justice into account. We must conduct …”

Using Money rather than Having it S. 28-32

„… develop new social constructions. That is because money has made it possible to make contact with everyone …” „… dedicated to the market. Rights of with-drawal are to be eroded. Costs continue to lack transparency. The …” „… barely supervised foreign providers will be let loose on home markets. This neo-liberal tendency shuns …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845204529

John H. Jackson, Peter-Christian Müller-Graff - Transatlantic Perspectives on International Economic Law

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John H. Jackson (ed.), Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (ed.)

Transatlantic Perspectives on International Economic Law

Series: Heidelberger Schriften zum Wirtschaftsrecht und Europarecht

Volume 53 2009

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Christian Watrin Social Market Economy – A Continental European Model S. 39-54

„… 39 Social Market Economy – A Continental European Model Christian Watrin* “The Social Market …” „… “social market economy“ (SME). Firstly, the term serves as a description of the economic policy initiated …” „… SME, will not be discussed in detail here. The term “social market economy” will be used in the same …”

Peter-Christian Müller-Graff The Rule of Law in the Relation of State and Market – German, European and US-American Approaches S. 79-92

„… constitutional guarantee of the social market economy which was developed by Hans Carl Nipperdey, a scholar of …” „… self-regulative, competition driven market economy (the liberal component) within the framework of strict rules …” „… “constitution of the economy” (shorter: “Wirtschaftsverfassung”). It is based on the idea, to achieve social …”

John H. Jackson, Peter-Christian Mpller-Graff Foreword S. 5-8

„… Peter-Christian Müller-Graff 23 Social Market Economy – A Continental European Model Christian Watrin 39 The …” „… Professor Peter-Christian Müller-Graff’s lecture on “The Role of Law in the Relation of State and Market …” „… Law John H. Jackson 9 The Constitutionalisation of Europe: Law for Politics and the Economy …”

Olaf Weber The Legal Character of the ECJ and the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanisms – A Comparison S. 55-72

„… for market access by companies from other member states. Both the ECT and the GATT have to deal with …” „… and judicial economy. 3 ECJ, Case 26/62 (Van Gend & Loos), [1963] ECR 1. 4 ECJ, Case 8/74 …” „… would establish the rules of the game for a growing international economy. Apart from the economic …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845215655

Constanze Semmelmann - Social Policy Goals in the Interpretation of Article 81 EC

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Constanze Semmelmann

Social Policy Goals in the Interpretation of Article 81 EC

2008

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Comments on the term and concept of “social market economy” S. 149-151

„… , it would be misguided or even ironic to consider the insertion of the term “social market economy …” „… “social market economy” There is no doubt that the growing social rhetoric seeks to strengthen the social …” „… Market Economy" as Europe's social model?, EUI Working Paper 2004/8, at 20. 635 Wernicke, Der Vertrag von …”

The concept of “social market economy”: the original concept and its significance in practice S. 146-148

„… by the concept of “social market economy”. A “highly competitive social market economy” was …” „… appropriateness. The term “social market economy” was coined by Müller-Armack (professor of economics, state …” „… welfare aids. Müller-Armack considered minimum wages at least compatible with the social market economy …”

The transposition of the concept to the EU level S. 148-149

„… the EU level To transpose the term “social market economy” to the EU level would presuppose several …” „… must be answered in the negative. As set out above, the “social market economy” concept in its …” „… obviously lacks the respective powers. Due to the principle of 627 Joerges and Rödl, "Social Market Economy …”

The “elimination” of competition S. 145-146

„… hand, it will be analysed to what extent the introduction of the term “social market economy” could …” „… concept of “social market economy”: the original concept and its significance in practice One may wonder …” „… in particular by the concept of “social market economy”. A “highly competitive social market economy …”

The impact of social policy by virtue of the cross-sectional clauses S. 151-153

„… and social goals cannot be derived from the expression of “social market economy” as such. The EC …” „… element in the current German social market economy; and this consideration sharply contrasts with a view …” „… undistorted competition, as the term “social market economy” displays. Non-market goals cannot, in an a priori …”

The debate “social policy versus the market” as a part of the “economic constitution” S. 21-24

„… debate “social policy versus the market” as a part of the “economic constitution” The debates on the …” „… issue of whether there is a notable tendency in favour of the market or (social policy) intervention …” „… the distinction between the central planning and the market economy, Eucken conceived of this general …”

Precedence of market goals S. 141-143

„… Community’s inception. The most controversial aspects of the interplay between the market and social policy …” „… guarantee) for the market economy. 1. Precedence of market goals Particularly in relation to the earlier …” „… ) EC with the Maastricht Treaty (“Systementscheidung”602/-garantie”603) of market economy with free …”

Freedom as a value in itself S. 32-36

„… of View, in: Peacock and Willgerodt (eds.), German Liberals and Social Market Economy, London …” „… competition law is to enable and protect individual freedom in the market economy, as this is an essential …” „… Market Economy, in: Einhorn (ed.), Spontaneous Order, Organization and the Law - Liber Amicorum E.-J …”

Bibliography S. 217-232

„… : Peacock, Alan/Willgerodt, Hans (eds.), Germany's Social Market Economy: Origins and Evolution, London …” „… and Rödl, Florian, "Social Market Economy" as Europe's social model?, (2004) EUI Working Paper, Law …” „… , Wernhard, Competition as a Basic Element of the Social Market Economy, in: T. Einhorn (ed.), Spontaneous …”

The concept of the “economic constitution” as an analytical tool S. 25-28

„… the economy and the market place that go beyond a certain individual measure.453. The role of social …” „… of the market forces, competition law and policy regulate economic activities. The social policy …” „… emancipation of the social policy goals from their market-serving and market-correcting function is not …”

A mixed economic constitution with a systemic guarantee of the market mechanism S. 143-144

„… (“Systementscheidung”602/-garantie”603) of market economy with free competition. This conclusion was based on the …” „… Nonetheless, those who advocate a systemic guarantee of market economy hold the view that this does not …” „… market as social institution.. 607 Hatje, Wirtschaftsverfassung, in: V. Bogdandy (ed.), Europäisches …”

Content S. 9-16

„… “elimination” of competition 1472. The concept of “social market economy”: the original concept and its …” „… concept of “social market economy” 151III. The impact of social policy by virtue of the cross-sectional …” „… policy versus the market” – an outline of the book 21II. The debate “social policy versus the market” as …”

Competition as a means to further ends S. 47-49

„… competitive social market economy is mentioned as an objective, not merely a means, in Article I-3 (3) EC …” „… (Article 2(3)) EU which “shall work” for, inter alia, “a highly competitive social market economy, aiming …” „… 492002.145 The interplay between market integration and the efficiency goal requires a …”

Conclusion S. 153-154

„… market mechanism is viewed as predominant and correctly defined, economic goals will advance social goals …” „… disagreement on the relationship between the market and social policy, and the focus on the internal market and …” „… the European project, namely the internal market and undistorted competition, as the term “social …”

“Social policy versus the market” – an outline of the book S. 19-21

„… . Galler Schule des Wirtschaftsrechts”)considered the rules on the social element of the market economy as …” „… economic constitution of the European Community1I. “Social policy versus the market” – an outline of the …” „… book The interplay between market goals on the one hand and non-market ones such as social policy on …”

An open economic constitution S. 144-145

„… hand, it will be analysed to what extent the introduction of the term “social market economy” could …” „… recent Laval and Viking Lines cases have affirmed that both market-related and social policy goals are a …” „… “socially and ecologically qualified” internal market609, which, however, does not say anything about the …”

Conclusion S. 145

„… hand, it will be analysed to what extent the introduction of the term “social market economy” could …” „… 147 4. Conclusion Regardless of the emphasis on the market-oriented conception of the EEC in the …” „… conclusion that today, market and non-market goals are on par with one another: what has expressly been …”

The role of social policy in the interpretation of Article 81 EC as a part of the EC economic constitution S. 28-30

„… positively or negatively determine fundamental choices for the functioning of the economy and the market …” „… provisions and in secondary law.51The relationship between the market and social policy reflects one of the …” „… between the market forces and social policy goals: While the most common form of intervention is public …”

A proposal on the role of social policy goals in the interpretation of Article 81 EC and concluding remarks S. 211-216

„… market economy” were taken seriously with the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, it would not provide …” „… 213 Chapter 9: A proposal on the role of social policy goals in the interpretation of Article 81 EC …” „… rules in their context. The relationship between social policy and EC competition law, in particular …”

Positive and negative integration and in between S. 61-68

„… the introduction of the term “social market economy” (a constitutional objective in the Lisbon Treaty …” „… regarding the labour market and employment issues, and will not refer to social insurance, public assistance …” „… A line can be drawn towards the market for goods and services. When the Treaty refers to “social …”

Summary and conclusion on the status quo of non-competition goals under Article 81 EC, in particular of the social policy goals S. 132-140

„… justice, social policy, environmental protection). A market failure of an extended nature implies that a …” „… particular of the social policy goals a. Key questions The Commission practice and the case law summarised …” „… above allows for one single safe conclusion: the approaches as to the reconciliation of social policy …”

Article 81 (3) EC S. 112-132

„… ) Social security and the labour market: The underpinnings of the derogations The case law has demonstrated …” „… ‘[i]n a market economy, it is primarily the task of individual firms to identify the moment at which …” „… Commission emphasised that, as a general rule, in the market economy the individual firms are responsible for …”

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